KINETIC THEORY OF GASES

/
Behaviour of Gas

Ideal Gas

Freedom
Degree of

IQ Is
 Behaviour of Gas
molecules
of gas are identical , spherical
• The size is in
negligible
comparison to inter -

molecular substance between two

particles .

volume molecules
•

volume
of negligible in comparison to

of gas .

Molecules in all possible

•

directions
of gas
.
move
randomly

Laws Gaseous state

of

Boyle 's Law Charles Law

Gay Lussac 's Law Avogadro
Law
's

'
y -
-
K (const) 1127 PLT
VL N
"

p
un (no of moles)
.

V Vs

V
, p
-
i

with
-

i
-

p
r

"
i v ,
>
.

Oc title) T
tf
-
anic
 Ideal Gas Equation
Combining Charles Boyle 's Gay 's , ,
& Avogadro 's Laws .es

.
PY = NRT
k
-
-
E R = PI
Neet 2019
i

N
n7
deal Gas Constant
' "
8.314×10 '
degree
-

ergs moi
=

6. 02×1023 l l
O 0821
-

Latin Mol
-

.
K
'"

( SI unit)
"
K 138×10 '
8 314 J m ol
'
-
-
'
ergs moi degree K
-
- - -
.

↳ BOLT 2 MAN CONSTANT

Vander Waal 's Equation

i .
.

i
Neet 2018

(Pinya) )
.

( V -
nb = n RT constant Ea
SO ,
'
-
Measure Attractive
forces
> MHz > H2S > Coz
Pressure volume
correction correction
b' Excluded volume
'
constant .

b = 4 Nov
(def on mass )

Liquefaction of Gases

critical Temperature GD temp

'

above which cannot be liquefied

gas .

Critical Pressure ( Pc) minimum pressure applied to

liquefy gas
:

critical volume Crc) : volume occupied by gas Te and Pc .

Pc " c =3 b
which real
Tc
foyer b zag 's Temp → Temp at
Boylebehaves
= -
-

,
like ideal gas
gas .
 Kinetic Theory of Gas
.

Kinetic Gas Equation PV

tzmnurms P pressure exerted by gas
- -
- -

v ÷ volume of gas .

Kinetic
Energy of n molecules -
-

Lammi m
-

average mass
of molecule
molecules
n no
of
-

-
.

K E
3zPV=3zR7 U Root mean square velocity
-
= =
.

of gas
between 2 collisions
Mean
free path Average distance travelled
by
:
gas
a

X =
I D= molecular diameter
tanned Neet 20

Molecular velocities

I
.

I 1

Root mean
square velocity Average velocity Most probable velocity
Urns =
u , 2+422+45 . - -

Navy =
Ut Nz +
Us - -

n n

1¥ Fi Tze fF IIs firm -1¥

arms
nang Ump
-
-
- -
-
- -

- -

A- Me

53 :
Tff :
JT
i

Ump Luang L Uwms

Manwell 's Law

. with temp rise ,
q
• curve
shifts right .

IN Tz Tz 771

µ
•

do

Became wittmer
.

increases
v ( mls) speed
 Degree of freedom
•

Represents possible independent motions ,

a

have
system can .

Translational
2) degree of freedom
2) Rotational degree of freedom
3) vibrational degree of freedom
-

f 3A B
= -

of independent particles
-
: no .

B restriction
of independent
: no .

Law of Equipartition of Energy

associated with
Each
degree of freedom E =

Ike
(
K = 1.38×10-235 / K)
Total molecule
Energy associated with
°

• . each
=
Iz KT
 Mayer 's Formula
R
Cp - Cv = Gas constant
.

molar molar
specific specific
heat at constant heat at constant

volume
pressure .

specific heat in terms of f

y =

CJ =
④I ) ' R
=
It 2-
t
Gz R

Y = It Z Gas as Cp y
& monoatomic ER ER l 66-

Value
of Y 72
always Diatomic
SE TE tu
:-
Cp 7 Cu
qui atomic SR GR ' '
33

Gaseous Mixture .

If two non reactive

gases enclosed (2,2)
molecular mixture MM , na Ma
weight of
= t
z
N, t Nz
M, : moles of gas 2

Nz : Motes
of gas 2
heat at constant volume
2
specific
↳ mix =
M , Cv , t Mz Cv <
N, +
Nz
3 specific heat
of mixture at constant
pressure
Cp min = MCP ,
t Nz Cpa

N, + Nz

4 Ymin Cosmin
nicpi-nzcpcum.im
=
=

nzcvz N , Cv, +

PREVIOUS YRS IMPT .