Research on polymer-based nanocomposites

Student:Nuriyya V. Mammadova*
Scientific leader, associate professor: Rahima S. Mammadova**
*
Baku State University
**Azerbaijan State Pedagogical University
Baku, Azerbaijan
nuriyememmedova@icloud.com
Keywords: polymer nanocomposites; nanomaterials; internal interfacial area;
nanostructure; multifunctional properties
The last 50 years have been devoted to the study of macro composites, such as
filled polymer matrix composites, where the fiber diameter or filler length is measured in
micrometers. Commercial polymer composites are produced for a variety of
applications, including sporting goods and automobiles, aerospace components, etc.
Over the past 50 years, scientists have discovered polymer nanocomposites with
nanoscale and long-scale reinforcement. In the 21st century, polymer nanocomposites
have the potential to have a significant impact on global economic growth. The scanning
electron microscopes and scanning probes in the early 1980s were instrumental in the
explosion of research in polymer composites. Nanocharged polymer nanocomposites
(nanomaterials) have a very high interfacial area per unit group. The distance between
the filler units and the filler units, known as the bond length ξ, is very similar to the size
of the coil/random chain polymer, whose diameter is measured to be 20 nm. The low
concentration required to affect matrix polymers has led to great interest in the field of
polymer nanocomposites. As a result, the molecular interactions between the polymer
coils/chains and the nano-fillers lead to excellent properties not found in conventional
macro composites. For particles, platelets, or fibers, the surface-to-volume ratio is
proportional to the diameter. This ratio of the material can be expressed as 6 divided by
D. As the diameter decreases, the surface area per unit volume increases. Common
particle geometries and specific R values. Common nanofillers studies include various
materials, including nanoparticles, nanotubes, nanofibers, fullerenes, and nanowires.
These materials can be classified into three classes based on their geometry: one-
dimensional, two-dimensional, or three-dimensional nanoscale materials. Nanoparticle
reinforcements include silica, nanosilicon, carbide(n-SiC), carbon, black, fullerene,
polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS), and allophane nanoballs. On the other
hand, there are fibrous materials in nanofibers such as carbon nanofibers, carbon
nanotubes, halloysite, and nickel nanowires (NiN). Fillers with nanometer thickness and
high aspect ratio (in the range of 50–1000) and platelet structures are classified as
layered nanomaterials, for example, physically modified silicates.
The polymer-nano-filler interface plays an important role in determining the
properties of nanocomposites. Interactions between polymer molecules occur only at
the molecular level. The most popular is its versatility, which expands the range of
applications to new areas. This new class of materials is currently being incorporated
into structural applications such as air barrier films, flame retardant products, and other
load-bearing applications. In addition to these applications, polymer nanocomposites
exhibit superior properties in areas such as stability and conductivity, degradation,
electrical, optical, tribological, and chemical resistance. These multiple properties have
 been discussed in the literature. Biodegradable nanocomposites made of polymers with
a °C increase in thermal distortion temperature compared to pure nylon-6 have great
potential to be used as advanced biomaterials in the future. These materials are
creative and unique, derived from plants and natural materials such as organoclay.
When compost is made, microorganisms release CO2, water, and humus in a safe
decomposition process. Through the process of plant photosynthesis, CO2 and water
can be converted back into corn and sugar. The nanostructure of these materials
confers unique properties and enables a wide range of applications. Polymeric building
materials are obtained through the efficient use of these components to meet the great
needs of various human activities. However, using these features is also dangerous.
Examples include the lack of integration of these components in the polymer matrix,
their removal from the composition content, their negative impact on the environment,
and, as a result, the duration of the structure decreases with the effects, deductions,
etc.
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2017, p.20-21 Štrbské Pleso, High Tatras, Slovak republic Slovak Chemical Society
Bratislava, Copyright © NFA 2017. ISBN:978-80-8152-530-8