St Paul’s College

3
F.3 Final Examination 2023-2024

Date: 06/06/2024
Time Limit: Nil

（A）Matching: Match the following columns together.

1.
1946 ‧ ‧ Outbreak of the Korean War
1950 ‧ ‧ Outbreak of the Vietnam War
1961 ‧ ‧ Collapse of the Soviet Union
1962 ‧ ‧ Outbreak of the Cuban Missile Crisis
1991 ‧ ‧ Outbreak of the Chinese Civil War

2.
Korean War ‧ ‧ US forces failed to defeat the communist regime.
Vietnam War ‧ ‧ It led to the formation of East and West Germany.
Suez Crisis ‧ ‧ Britain, France and Egypt were involved.
Cuban Missile Crisis ‧ ‧ Chinese voluntary soldiers fought in the war.
Berlin Blockade ‧ ‧ It took place when Kennedy was the US President.

3.
The US ‧ ‧ Leader of the capitalist bloc.
The USSR ‧ ‧ A national strike took place here in 1980
which was suppressed by the USSR.
Poland ‧ ‧ The USSR built a missile base here, increasing the
risk of nuclear war.
Cuba ‧ ‧ Leader of the communist bloc.

4.
Churchill ‧ ‧ Became the Soviet leader in 1985
Gorbachev ‧ ‧ Provided economic aid to Western
European countries
Molotov ‧ ‧ Delivered the ‘Iron Curtain Speech’

Page 1 of 74
5.
East Germans escaped to
the West. ‧ ‧ The US and the USSR held the Strategic
Arms Limitation Talks.
The Cuban Missile Crisis
took place. ‧ ‧ The USSR and Eastern European countries formed
the Warsaw Pact.
West Germany joined
NATO in 1955 ‧ ‧ The Berlin Wall was built.

6.
Vietnam War ‧ ‧ The US provided supplies via air.
Cuban Missile Crisis ‧ ‧ The USSR agreed to remove the missiles from
Cuba.
Berlin Blockade ‧ ‧ The US sent many soldiers to fight.

7.
The US gave financial aid
to Western Europe ‧ ‧ The USSR enacted the Molotov Plan.
The USSR built a missile
base in Cuba ‧ ‧ The US ordered a naval blockade on Cuba.
The USSR dissolved ‧ ‧ Germany was unified.
The Berlin Wall fell. ‧ ‧ The Cold War ended.

8.
North Atlantic Treaty ‧ ‧ Cold War military alliance led by the US
Molotov Plan ‧ ‧ It aimed to reduce support for communism in
Western Europe
Marshall Plan ‧ ‧ It provided Eastern Europe with financial aid from
the USSR
Warsaw Pact ‧ ‧ Military alliance of the communist camp

9.
European Union ‧ ‧ Involved Britain, France and Egypt
Yugoslav Civil War ‧ ‧ The USSR compromised in the end
Cuban Missile Crisis ‧ ‧ A political organisation formed by European
countries
Suez Crisis ‧ ‧ Happened after the collapse of the USSR

10.

Page 2 of 74
European Union ‧ ‧ The Soviet leader who formed the Warsaw Pact
alliance.
August Coup ‧ ‧ It was formed in 1993.
Berlin Wall ‧ ‧ It sped up the collapse of the USSR.
Gorbachev ‧ ‧ Built by the government of East Germany in 1961.

（B）Time Sense: Arrange the following in chronological order.

1.
(a) Vietnam War; (b) Korean War; (c) Cuban Missile Crisis
_________________________________________________________________

2.
(a) Truman Doctrine; (b) Suez Crisis; (c) Berlin Crisis
_________________________________________________________________

3.
(a) Nixon visited China; (b) Marshall Plan adopted; (c) NATO was formed
_________________________________________________________________

4.
(a) Strategic Arms Limitation Talks; (b) Formation of the Warsaw Pact alliance;
(c) Fall of the Berlin Wall
_________________________________________________________________

5.
(a) Formation of the European Community; (b) Gorbachev became leader of the USSR; (c) End
of the Vietnam War
_________________________________________________________________

6.
(a) Reunification of Germany; (b) Formation of the Commonwealth of Independent States; (c)
Warsaw Pact alliance broke up.
_________________________________________________________________

Page 3 of 74
7.
(a) The Marshall Plan; (b) Churchill’s Iron Curtain Speech; (c) The Truman Doctrine
_________________________________________________________________

8.
(a) The Cuban Missile Crisis; (b) End of the Vietnam War; (c) Formation of West Germany
_________________________________________________________________

9.
(a) China regained its seat in the UN; (b) SALT I; (c) Normalisation of Sino-American relations
_________________________________________________________________

10.
(a) Formation of East and West Germany; (b) Construction of the Berlin Wall; (c) Berlin
Blockade by the USSR
_________________________________________________________________

11.
(a) Chinese People’s Voluntary Army sent to support North Korea; (b) North Korean army
crossed the 38th parallel; (c) Formation of North and South Korea
_________________________________________________________________

12.
(a) The US joined the Vietnam War; (b) The Vietnam War broke out; (c) North Vietnam defeated
South Vietnam
_________________________________________________________________

13.
(a) Formation of the European Union; (b) Formation of the European Community;
(c) Formation of the Organisation for European Economic Co-operation
_________________________________________________________________

Page 4 of 74
14.
(a) Marshall Plan enacted; (b) Molotov Plan enacted; (c) Warsaw Pact alliance formed
_________________________________________________________________

15.
(a) Outbreak of the Suez Crisis; (b) Cold War détente; (c) End of the Vietnam War
_________________________________________________________________

16.
(a) The US adopted the containment policy; (b) Reunification of Germany; (c) The Communist
Party of China gained power
_________________________________________________________________

17.
(a) The Berlin Wall was built; (b) The communist government in East Germany was overthrown;
(c) Lithuania declared independence
_________________________________________________________________

（C）Multiple Choice: Choose the correct answers and put them in the boxes
below.

1.
Which of the following events symbolised the spread of the Cold War to Asia?
A. Kim Il-Sung becoming the leader of North Korea
B. The defeat of the Kuomintang
C. The North Korean army crossing the 38th parallel
D. Outbreak of the Vietnam War □

2.
Which of the following descriptions about the Korean War are correct?
(1) UN forces led by the US assisted South Korea.
(2) China supported South Korea.
(3) South Korea started the war by invading North Korea.
(4) The Korean Peninsula remains divided after the Korean War.
A. (1), (2) B. (1), (4)

Page 5 of 74
 C. (2), (3) D. (3), (4) □

3.
In which year did the Korean War take place?
A. 1946 B. 1950
C. 1961 D. 1975 □

4.
Which of the following countries consisted of capitalist and communist regimes during the
1950s?
(1) Germany
(2) Cuba
(3) Vietnam.
(4) Korea
A. (1), (2), (3) B. (1), (3), (4)
C. (2), (3), (4) D. (1), (2), (3), (4) □

5.
Which of the following countries was not an early member of the Warsaw Pact
alliance?
A. Poland B. West Germany
C. Hungary D. Czechoslovakia □

6.
Which of the following was not a result of the Suez Crisis?
A. Soviet expansion was stopped.
B. The Suez Canal was owned by Egypt.
C. The Cold War spread to Southwest Asia.
D. The US was unsatisfied with Egypt’s pro-Soviet attitude. □

7.
How did the US respond to the USSR building nuclear missile bases in Cuba?
A. Asked the UN for help
B. Imposed a naval blockade on Cuba
C. Bombed the Soviet missile bases in Cuba
D. Established a hotline to negotiate with Gorbachev □

8.
Who was the US president during the Cuban Missile Crisis?
A. Truman B. Eisenhower
C. Kennedy D. Regan □
Page 6 of 74
9.
Which of the following were the results of the Cuban Missile Crisis?
(1) The US and the USSR established a hotline.
(2) Relations between the US and the USSR improved.
(3) The US and the USSR co-operated to develop nuclear weapons.
A. (1), (2) B. (1), (3)
C. (2), (3) D. (1), (2), (3) □

10.
Which of the following descriptions of the Vietnam War is correct?
A. South Vietnam received support from China.
B. The war lasted for approximately one decade.
C. The USSR stopped supporting North Vietnam, causing the war to end.
D. The US continued to intervene in Vietnam after its army withdrew. □

11.
North Vietnam and South Vietnam were divided along the ___________.
A. 16th parallel B. 17th parallel
C. 34th parallel D. 38th parallel □

12.
Which of the following descriptions about the Vietnam War are correct?
(1) The US supported North Vietnam.
(2) The USSR backed down.
(3) Saigon was occupied by North Vietnam.
(4) The US directly participated in the war.
A. (1), (2) B. (1), (3)
C. (2), (3) D. (3), (4) □

13.
In which year did the Vietnam War end?
A. 1950 B. 1962
C. 1975 D. 1989 □

14.
Which of the following were the reasons for the Cold War détente from the end of
the 1960s to the start of the 1970s?
(1) The USSR promised to stop building the Berlin Wall.
(2) The US paid a heavy price in the Vietnam War.
(3) The US and the USSR agreed to solve their differences through negotiation.
Page 7 of 74
 A. (1), (2) B. (1), (3)
C. (2), (3) D. (1), (2), (3) □

15.
Which of the following were the reasons for the Cold War détente?
(1) Gorbachev carried out reforms in the USSR.
(2) The USSR backed down in the Cuban Missile Crisis.
(3) The normalisation of Sino-American relations.
(4) The Kuomintang won the Chinese Civil War.
A. (1), (2), (3) B. (1), (2), (4)
C. (2), (3), (4) D. (1), (2), (3), (4) □

16.
The SALT Treaty was first signed in the period marked _________ on the timeline
below.
(1) (2) (3) (4)
1960 1965 1970 1975 1980
A. (1) B. (2)
C. (3) D. (4) □

17.
Which of the following did not occur during the Cold War détente?
A. The Helsinki Agreement
B. SALT I and II
C. Normalisation of Sino-American relations
D. The USSR suppressing reforms in Eastern Europe □

18.
Which of the following US presidents visited China in 1972?
A. Eisenhower B. Kennedy
C. Nixon D. Regan □

19.
In which year did the US and China officially establish normal diplomatic relations?
A. 1949 B. 1963
C. 1979 D. 1984 □

20.
Which of the following events marked the end of the Cold War détente?
A. The Cuban Missile Crisis B. The USSR invasion of Afghanistan

Page 8 of 74
 C. The August Coup D. The U-2 Incident □

21.
From 1989 onwards, democratic movements took place in Eastern European countries. Which of
the following conclusions is incorrect?
A. The socialist camp was declining.
B. The USSR reduced control over Eastern Europe.
C. Eastern Europeans were unsatisfied with socialism.
D. The Marshall Plan led to the democratic movements in Eastern Europe. □

22.
In which year did East and West Germany reunite?
A. 1990 B. 1989
C. 1972 D. 1962 □

23.
Which of the following individuals introduced reforms to end communist one-party dictatorship
in the USSR?
A. Stalin B. Gorbachev
C. Yeltsin D. Nixon □

24.
Which of the following Soviet leaders played a crucial role in ending the Cold War?
A. Lenin B. Stalin
C. Khrushchev D. Gorbachev □

25.
Which of the following individuals declared the collapse of the USSR in the 1990s?
A. Gorbachev B. Khrushchev
C. Yeltsin D. Molotov □

26.
Which of the following descriptions about Gorbachev are correct?
(1) He was the last leader of the USSR.
(2) The Berlin Wall was removed when he was the Soviet leader.
(3) He caused US-Soviet relations to worsen.
A. (1), (2) B. (1), (3)
C. (2), (3) D. (1), (2), (3) □

27.
Page 9 of 74
Which of the following incidents marked the end of the Cold War?
A. Unification of East and West Germany
B. Collapse of the Warsaw Pact alliance
C. Collapse of the USSR
D. Democratic movements in Eastern Europe □

28.
Which of the following incidents marked the end of the Cold War?
A. The US withdrawing from Vietnam
B. Normalisation of Sino-American relations
C. Unification of East and West Germany
D. Collapse of the USSR □

29.
Arrange the following incidents in order of sequence.
(1) Cuban Missile Crisis
(2) Establishment of the European Community.
(3) The Commonwealth of Independent States replaced the USSR
A. (1), (2), (3) B. (1), (3), (2)
C. (2), (1), (3) D. (3), (2), (1) □

30.
Which of the following descriptions about the USSR during the Cold War are correct?
(1) It used the Molotov Plan to resist the US
(2) Gorbachev introduced democratisation reforms
(3) It collapsed after the Vietnam War
A. (1), (2) B. (1), (3)
C. (2), (3) D. (1), (2), (3) □

31.
Which of the following was not a US policy during the Cold War?
A. Building the Berlin Wall B. Joining the Vietnam War
C. Visiting China D. Introducing the Marshall Plan □

32.
Which of the following was not a Soviet policy during the Cold War?
A. Building the Berlin Wall
B. Building a missile base in Cuba
C. Establishing the Warsaw Pact alliance
D. Supporting South Korea in the Korean War □

Page 10 of 74
33.
Which of the following were policies the US adopted to resist communism?
(1) Creating posters to promote political ideology
(2) Providing economic aid to European countries
(3) Establishing NATO
A. (1), (2) B. (1), (3)
C. (2), (3) D. (1), (2), (3) □

34.
Which of the following was not an impact of the Cold War?
A. Long-term tensions in international relations
B. Rise of terrorism
C. New economic organisations appeared
D. The world became peaceful □

35.
Which of the following descriptions about the post-Cold War international situation is
not correct?
A. The US became dominant
B. Many countries were involved in world politics
C. China and Russia became superpowers
D. International conflicts continued to happen □

36.
Which of the following were impacts of the Cold War?
(1) International relations remain tense.
(2) Collapse of the capitalist camp.
(3) Threat of terrorism.
A. (1), (2) B. (1), (3)
C. (2), (3) D. (1), (2), (3) □

37.
Which of the following was not a regional conflict after the Cold War?
A. Yugoslav Civil War
B. Gulf War
C. Conflicts between Israel and the Arabs
D. Greek Civil War □

38.
Following the Cold War, which country actively intervened in the Middle East?
A. Israel B. China
C. The US D. India □
Page 11 of 74
39.
Which of the following was not a new regional power or economic organisation after
the Cold War?
A. The European Union B. Japan
C. China D. India □

（D）Fill in the Blanks: Fill in the following blanks with the correct answers.

1.
After the Communist Party of China established its authority, the US continued to support the
_______________ regime in Taiwan. By then, the Cold War had already spread to Asia.

2.
After WWII, the _______________ was divided along the 38th parallel north. The
______________________ (South Korea) formed in the south while the
__________________________ (North Korea) was established in the north.

3.
During the Korean War, the United Nations led by ___________ supported South Korea while
China sent the _________________________ to help North Korea.

4.
In 1956, the _____________ government took over the Suez Canal, causing the discontent of
Britain and France.

5.
After the _______________, the US suggested providing aid to Southwest Asian countries to
check Soviet influence in the region.

6.
In 1961, the USSR built the _______________ to prevent East Germans from escaping to the
West.

7.
In 1962, the US discovered that the USSR was building a missile base in ___________. US
President _____________ immediately ordered a naval blockade.

Page 12 of 74
8.
The _______________ in 1962 pushed the world to the brink of nuclear war. Afterwards, the US
and USSR established a __________ to strengthen communication between them.

9.
In 1965, __________ intervened in Vietnam to support South Vietnam. On the other hand, North
Vietnam received military aid from __________ and ___________.

10.
The Vietnam War ended with _______________ defeating _______________. The
_________________________ was thus founded.

11.
The US intervened in the _______________ (1950-1953) and the _______________ (1965-
1975). This shows its determination to stop the spread of communism in Asia.

12.
The US and the USSR held two ____________________________, reaching agreements on the
limitations of missile systems and nuclear weapons.

13.
Between 1969 and 1979, the US and USSR held two __________________________ which
limited the __________ systems and nuclear weapons on both sides.

14.
In 1972, US President ___________ visited China. In ________, China and the US established
normal diplomatic relations.

15.
The détente of the Cold War ended after the USSR invaded _______________.

16.
After _______________ became the leader of the USSR, he introduced a series of reforms while
actively improving relations with _______________. His policies were important to ending the
Cold War.

Page 13 of 74
17.
Gorbachev’s reforms during the 1980s aimed to achieve the two goals of ‘_______________’
and ‘_______________’.

18.
In 1989, the _______________ was taken down. This contributed to the unification of Germany.

19.
In December 1991, the Soviet republics formed the ______________________________ to
replace the USSR.

20.
In 1991, conservatives in the USSR started a coup known as the ________________.

21.
After the Cold War, the Gulf War broke out. The joint forces led by the US stopped
___________’s invasion of Kuwait.

22.
After the USSR collapsed, different ethnic groups within Yugoslavia wanted independence. This
resulted in the ___________________.

23.
In 1948, the Western European countries formed the __________________________ to
distribute financial aid from the _______________.

24.
Following the ____________________ by Al-Qaeda, the US started a series of wars to fight
against _____________.

（E）Short Questions: Give short answers to the following questions.

1.
Which event marked the spread of the Cold War from Europe to Asia?
_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

Page 14 of 74
2.
What was the result of the Korean War?
_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

3.
What was the relation between the formation of the Warsaw Pact alliance and NATO?
_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

4.
Identify the background of the Cuban Missile Crisis.
_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

5.
What positive impacts did the Cuban Missile Crisis have on the Cold War situation?
_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

6.
How did US foreign policy change after the Vietnam War?
_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

7.
What was the background of the Helsinki Agreement?
_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________
Page 15 of 74
8.
Why did the Eastern Europe socialist camp collapse in the end?
_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

9.
Why did Gorbachev introduce a series of reforms?
_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

10.
How did the Cold War end?
_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

（F）Data-Based Questions: Study the sources provided and answer the

following questions.

1.
Study the sources below and answer the following questions.

Source A The picture below shows a wall in a German city.

Page 16 of 74
Source B The following is a description about the wall shown in source A.
...Barbed wires, observation towers and fences were built along the eastern side of the wall in
order to prevent the people from escaping to the west. The fortification was patrolled by guards
and dogs and overlooked by watchtowers...

(1) What is the name of the wall shown in source A? When was it built?
__________________________________________________________

(2) What was drawn on the wall, as reflected in source A? What message do the
drawings on the wall convey?
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(3) On which side of the wall do you think these drawings were? Explain your answer
with reference to source B.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(4) Briefly state the historical significance of the fall of this wall.
__________________________________________________________
Page 17 of 74
 __________________________________________________________

2.
Study the source below and answer the following questions.

Source A
The following passage is excerpted from Article 5 of the North Atlantic Treaty.
THE NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY

The parties agree that an armed attack against one or more of them in Europe or North America
shall be considered an attack against all; ... if such an armed attack occurs, each of them ... will
assist the party or parties attacked by taking ... such action as [is] necessary, including the use of
armed force, to restore and maintain the security of the North Atlantic area ...

(1) When was the treaty above signed? Name three countries that signed it.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(2) Which organisation was formed after the signing of this treaty?
__________________________________________________________

(3) What was the nature of this organisation? Cite evidence from the source to support
your answer.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(4) How did the Soviet Union respond to the formation of this organisation? Explain
your answer using your own knowledge.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

Page 18 of 74
3.
Study the source below and answer the following questions.

Source A
The following is a propaganda picture published in China in 1951.

The words at the bottom of the picture reads: Long live the victory of the Korean People’s
Army [朝鮮人民軍] and the Chinese People’s Volunteer Army [中國人民志願軍]!

(1) Identify the war referred to in source A.

__________________________________________________________

(2) Why did China take part in this war? Explain your answer using your own
knowledge.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(3) Does source A reliably reflect the result of this war? Explain your answer using your
own knowledge.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

Page 19 of 74
 __________________________________________________________

4.
Study the source below and answer the following questions.

Source A
The cartoon below shows an international conflict in 1962.

(1) Which countries do the two men represent? Cite evidence from the source to support
your answer.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(2) What do you think would happen if the two men continued to pull their ends of the
rope?
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(3) What was the direct cause of the crisis between these two men? How was the crisis
settled in the end?
__________________________________________________________

Page 20 of 74
 __________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

5.
Study the source below and answer the following questions.

Source A
The cartoon below, published in the early 1970s, shows the U.S. situation in a war at that
time.

(1) Identify the war referred to in source A. Cite evidence from the source to support
your answer.
__________________________________________________________

(2) Did the U.S. have the advantage in this war, as reflected in source A? Explain your
answer.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

Page 21 of 74
 (3) What was the result of the U.S. in this war? What was its impact on the development
of the Cold War? Explain your answer using your own knowledge.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

6.
Study the source below and answer the following questions.

Source A The photo below was taken in Beijing in 1972.

(1) Who was the second person from the left?

__________________________________________________________

(2) Who was paying him a visit when the picture was taken?
__________________________________________________________

(3) What was the significance of this meeting between the two men?
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

Page 22 of 74
7.
Study the sources below and answer the following questions.

Source A The following cartoon shows the political situation of Eastern Europe in the late
1980s.

Cancer Ward

Source B The passage below is adapted from a newspaper published in 1989. It shows an
event took place in Europe at that time.

For most west Europeans now alive, the world has always ended at the East German border and
the Wall; beyond lay darkness... The opening of the frontiers declares that the world has no
edge any more. Europe is becoming once more round and whole.

(1) To which bloc do the patients lying on the bed belong, as reflected in source A? Cite
evidence from the source to support your answer.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(2) What does ‘the Wall’ in source B refer to? Which event is the source about?
__________________________________________________________

(3) Did the author of source B support the occurrence of that event? Explain your
answer with reference to the language of source B.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________
Page 23 of 74
 __________________________________________________________

(4) How did the events of sources A and B lead to the end of the Cold War? Explain
your answer using your own knowledge.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

8.
Study the source below and answer the following questions.

Source A
The following is a British cartoon published in 1990. It reflects the cartoonist’s view on the
international situation at that time.

(1) Which bloc does the hammer and sickle represent?

__________________________________________________________

Page 24 of 74
 (2) Describe the appearance and the facial expression of the hammer and sickle.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(3) Why did the cartoonist draw the hammer and sickle like this? Explain your answer
with reference to the international situation at that time.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

9.
Study the sources below and answer the following questions.

Source A
Below is a cartoon published in December 1991. It reflects the rule of the Soviet Union at
that time.

Source B
The passage below is a comment on the rule of the Soviet Union after 1985.

President Reagan of the U.S. spoke of the Soviet Union as the ‘evil empire’ in 1983. However,
it is no longer a suitable description … He came to power in 1985 … He directed the Soviet
Union to the road of democracy and played a significant role in ending the Cold War …

Page 25 of 74
 (1) With reference to source A, describe how the cartoonist viewed the rule of the
Soviet Union. Explain your answer.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(2) What does the phrase ‘out of business’ refer to?

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(3) Who does the word ‘he’ refer to in Source B? What was the attitude of the author
towards ‘his’ rule? Explain your answer using your own knowledge.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(4) Why did the author of source B think that ‘he’ had played a significant role in
ending the Cold War? Explain your answer using your own knowledge.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

10.
Study the sources below and answer the following questions.

Source A
The following Soviet poster was published during the Cold War.

Page 26 of 74
Source B
The following French poster was published in 1951.

(1) Identify the blog during the Cold War represented by the gentlemen in Source A.
Cite two clues from Source A to support your answer.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

Page 27 of 74
 __________________________________________________________

(2) What was the attitude of the author of Source A towards the bloc you mentioned
above? Explain your answer with reference to Source A.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(3) Which country does the man in Source B represent? Cite two clues from Source B to
support your answer.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(4) What was the attitude of the author of Source B towards the country you mentioned
above? Explain your answer with reference to Source A.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(5) Point out the main features of the conflicts between the two blocs during the Cold
War, as reflected in Sources A and B.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

11.
Study the sources below and answer the following questions.

Source A The following British cartoon was published in January 1949.

Page 28 of 74
Source B The following British cartoon was published in March 1948.

(1) How did the European countries and the Soviet Union react to the Marshall Plan
respectively? Explain your answer with reference to Source A.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

Page 29 of 74
 __________________________________________________________

(2) Why did the European countries and the Soviet Union react in the way you
mentioned above? Explain your answer using your own knowledge.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(3) What were the relations between the girls in Source B and the Soviet Union?
Explain your answer using your own knowledge.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(4) How did the Soviet Union response to the Marshall Plan? Explain your answer with
reference to Source B and using your own knowledge.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

12.
Study the sources below and answer the following questions.

Source A This following Dutch cartoon was published in November 1949.

Page 30 of 74
Source B This following Soviet cartoon was published in 1949. It is titled ‘Marshall Plan in
practice’. The man in the cartoon is holding harnesses.

(1) Which country proposed the Marshall Plan mentioned in the sources above?
__________________________________________________________

Page 31 of 74
 (2) What was the attitude of the Netherlands towards the Marshall Plan? Explain your
answer with reference to Source A.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(3) Did the Soviet Union hold similar attitude towards the Marshall Plan as the
Netherlands? Explain your answer with reference to Source B.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(4) Why did the Soviet Union hold such attitude towards the Marshall Plan? Explain
your answer using your knowledge.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

13.
Study the sources below and answer the following questions.

Source A
This following British cartoon was published in September 1948.

Page 32 of 74
Source B
This following American cartoon was published in May 1949.

(1) Which country does the old cat in Source A represent? How did it seal the rat hole
in reality?
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

Page 33 of 74
 (2) How did the Western countries react to the Berlin Blockade? Explain your answer
with reference to Source A.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(3) How long did the Berlin Blockade last? Explain your answer with reference to
Source B.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(4) How was Germany affected by the Berlin Blockade? Explain your answer using
your own knowledge.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

14.
Study the source below and answer the following questions.

Source A
The following British cartoon was published in 1949.

Page 34 of 74
(1) Name any three countries inside the enclosure representing the North Atlantic Pact.
__________________________________________________________

(2) Who is the man on the right side of Source A? What was his attitude towards the
North Atlantic Pact? Explain your answer with reference to Source A.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(3) Did the cartoonist and the man you mentioned hold the same attitude towards the
North Atlantic Pact? Why? Explain your answer with reference to Source A and
using your knowledge.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(4) What action did the Soviet Union take as a response to the establishment of the
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)?

Page 35 of 74
 __________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

15.
Study the sources below and answer the following questions.

Source A
This painting shows the Tiananmen Square in Beijing on 1 October, 1949.

Source B
This following Chinese poster was published in July 1951.

Page 36 of 74
(1) Name the historical event referred to in Source A.
__________________________________________________________

(2) According to Source A, which bloc gained victory in the Chinese Civil War? What
happened to the defeated bloc? Explain your answer with reference to Source A and
using your own knowledge.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(3) What was the diplomatic stance of China in the early 1950s? Cite clues from Source
B to support your answer.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

Page 37 of 74
 (4) How did the stance you mentioned above affect the development of Cold War?
Elaborate with reference to your answer in (3).
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

16.
Study the source below and answer the following questions.

Source A This Chinese poster was published in 1950.

(1) Identify the war referred to in Source A.

__________________________________________________________

(2) What was the stance of China towards this war? Explain your answer with reference
to Source A.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

Page 38 of 74
 __________________________________________________________

(3) Why did China adopt the stance you mentioned above? Explain your answer with
reference to Source A and using your own knowledge.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(4) Point out one difference between the poster and historical fact with reference to
Source A and using your own knowledge. Explain the reason for such difference.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

17.
Study the sources below and answer the following questions.

Source A The following passage is related to the Berlin Wall.

In 1958, Nikita Khrushchev, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, put
forward the idea of ‘normalising’ the situation of Berlin. He planned to propose a new peace
treaty with Germany in order to turn West Berlin into a non-militarised free city. The reason
was, on one hand, to drive Western powers out of West Berlin, such that the existence of the
Soviet occupation zone could be consolidated; on the other hand, it was to reduce capitalist
influence in West Berlin. The economy of West Berlin recovered quickly and its prosperity
became a mirror reflecting the life in the West. The Soviet Union feared that such condition
may make people in East Germany aspire to the Western capitalist world. Between 1948 and
1960, around 2.5 million people moved from East Germany to West Germany.
However, Khrushchev’s idea was rejected by the United States. In 1961, the Soviet Union
sealed off the route between East and West Berlin to prevent the East Germans from escaping to
the West. It even began to build a 3-feet wall along the frontier. That was the famous Berlin
Wall, which was known as the ‘Wall of Anti-Fascist Defence’ in East Germany.

Source B The following passage is extracted from a speech given by President John
Kennedy of the US during his visit to Berlin in 1963.

Page 39 of 74
 Two thousand years ago the proudest boast was ‘I am a Roman citizen’. Today, in the world of
freedom, the proudest boast is ‘I am a Berliner’. … Freedom has many difficulties and
democracy is not perfect, but we have never had to put a wall up to keep our people in, to
prevent them from leaving us. … The wall is an offence not only against history but an offense
against humanity, separating families, dividing husbands and wives and brothers and sisters, and
dividing a people who wish to be joined together.
What is true of this city is true of Germany ── real, lasting peace in Europe can never be
assured as long as one German out of four is denied the elementary right of free men, and
that is to make a free choice. In 18 years of peace and good faith, this generation of Germans
has earned the right to be free, including the right to unite their families and their nation in
lasting peace, with good will to all people. You live in a defended island of freedom, but your
life is part of the main. So let me ask you as I close, to lift your eyes beyond the dangers of
today, to the hopes of tomorrow, beyond the freedom merely of this city of Berlin, or your
country of Germany, to the advance of freedom everywhere, beyond the wall to the day of peace
with justice, beyond yourselves and ourselves to all mankind. Freedom is indivisible, and when
one man is enslaved, all are not free. When all are free, then we can look forward to that day
when this city will be joined as one and this country and this great continent of Europe in a
peaceful and hopeful globe.

Source C The following table shows the statistics of East Germans attempting to escape to
West Berlin between 1961 and 1989.
Situation Number of people
Successfully entering West Berlin 5043
Arrested 3221
Killed 239
Injured 260

(1) Why did the Soviet Union build the Berlin Wall, as reflected in Source A?
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(2) Did President Kennedy approve the existence of Berlin Wall? Cite two clues from
Source B to support your answer.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(3) Why did President Kennedy say that ‘one German out of four is denied the
elementary right of free men’? Explain your answer using your own knowledge.

Page 40 of 74
 __________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(4) Could the Soviet Union achieve the aim of building the Berlin Wall? Explain your
answer with reference to your answer in (1) and Source C.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

18.
Study the sources below and answer the following questions.

Source A
The following passage is extracted from the TV speech delivered by President John Kennedy
of the US on 22 October 1962:

I have watched and the American people have watched with deep sorrow how your nationalist
revolution was betrayed ── and how your fatherland fell under foreign domination. Now your
leaders are no longer Cuban leaders inspired by Cuban ideals. They are puppets and agents of an
international conspiracy which has turned Cuba against your friends and neighbors in the
Americas, and turned it into the first Latin American country to become a target for nuclear war
── the first Latin American country to have these weapons on its soil.
The path we have chosen for the present is full of hazards, as all paths are; but it is the one most
consistent with our character and courage as a nation and our commitments around the world.
The cost of freedom is always high, but Americans have always paid it. And one path we shall
never choose, and that is the path of surrender or submission.

Source B
The following American cartoon was published on 30 October 1962.

Page 41 of 74
(1) Identify the incident referred to in the speech of President Kennedy. Cite two clues
from Source A to support your answer.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(2) How did the US react to the incident you mentioned above? Explain your answer
with reference to Source A and using your own knowledge.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(3) Who does the soldier in Source B represent? What was the impact of his teeth on the
US?
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

Page 42 of 74
 __________________________________________________________

(4) Who does the dentist in Source B represent? Why did he try to remove the soldier’s
teeth?
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

19.
Study the sources below and answer the following questions.

Source A The following passage is extracted from a speech given by Senator John Kennedy,
who later became the President of the US, in 1956.
Vietnam represents the cornerstone of the Free World in Southeast Asia, the keystone to the
arch, the finger in the dike. Burma, Thailand, India, Japan, the Philippines and obviously Laos
and Cambodia are among those whose security would be threatened if the Red Tide of
Communism overflowed into Vietnam.

Source B The following American cartoon was published in August 1972. The man holding
the file is President Richard Nixon of the US. He was seeking a second term when the
cartoon was published.

Page 43 of 74
Source C The following Chinese poster was published in 1975.

(1) Why did the US intervene in the Vietnam War? Explain your answer with reference
to Source A.
__________________________________________________________

Page 44 of 74
 __________________________________________________________

(2) What was the cost of entering the Vietnam War to the US? Explain your answer
with reference to Source B.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(3) What was the attitude of the cartoonist of Source B towards President Nixon?
Explain your answer with reference to Source B.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(4) Explain why Source C was published in China

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

20.
Study the sources below and answer the following questions.

Source A The following American cartoon was published in November 1962.

Page 45 of 74
Source B
The following passage is related to the development of nuclear weapons during the 1950s and
1960s:

In 1945, Japan declared its surrender after the atomic bombings by the US. By the 1960s, the
Soviet Union, Britain, France and the People’s Republic of China had carried out successful in
atomic bomb tests. After 1950, the quality of atomic bombs had been under improvement and
had become more powerful. Various kinds of missiles and nuclear weapons were massively
produced. Since the new weapons were extremely destructive, it was predicted that the Third
World War would end within hours and would result in no victor but the extinction of mankind.
Therefore, superpowers began to adopt measures to lower the possibility of a nuclear war. In
1963, the US and the Soviet Union agreed to limit nuclear testing in order to reduce the impact
of radiation on people’s health and life. The two countries also called for meetings, hoping to
put restriction on the number of nuclear weapons.

Source C
The following passage is adopted from a history book:

The first series of the Strategic Arms Limitation Talk (SALT) started in 1969. It aimed at
limiting the number of armaments instead of disarmament. In an ear that both the US and the

Page 46 of 74
 Soviet Union were capable of fully destroying each other with nuclear weapons; deterrence was
the only strategy that could be dependent on. The superpowers would refrain from attacking
each other because of the certainty of mutual assured destruction. However, this stimulated the
armaments race between them. Under this circumstance, armaments limitation became a
possible way to resist the threat brought by the development of nuclear weapons.
The first series of SALT ended in 1972 without any conclusive result, but the two superpowers
had made two subordinate agreements. Firstly, they agreed to froze the number of weapons at
existing levels for a five-year period:
 Intercontinental ballistic missiles: 1054 for the US and 1618 for the Soviet Union
 Long-range bombers: 455 for the US and 140 for the Soviet Union
Secondly, they signed the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty (ABM) in which each country was
allowed only two anti-ballistic missile sites. The number of missile launchers at each base
should no more than 100.

(1) The two men in Source A were the leaders of the US and the Soviet Union at that
time. Name them.
__________________________________________________________

(2) How did they view the development of nuclear weapon? Explain your answer with
reference to Source A.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(3) Why did they have such view, as reflect in Source B?

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(4) What attempts had the US and the Soviet Union made to limit armaments? How did
such attempts affect the development of Cold War? Explain your answer with
reference to Sources B and C, and using your own knowledge.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

Page 47 of 74
21.
Study the sources below and answer the following questions.

Source A
The following passage is adopted from a history book:

A major source of strength during the early years of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) was
its close ties with the Soviet Union. In 1949 Mao Zedong announced his ‘lean to one side’
policy: ‘The Chinese people must lean wither to the side of imperialism or to the side of
socialism. There can be no exception. There can be no sitting on the fence; there is no third
path.’ … Thus, Mao went to the Soviet Union shortly after his rise to power in 1949 to seek a
treaty of friendship and alliance. It was his first trip abroad.
The Moscow-Beijing Axis, formally established on 14 February 1950, became the cornerstone
of the People’s Republic’s foreign policy for the greater part of its first decade. Stalin granted
Mao a military alliance, $300 US million in credit, and a promise to provide experts to help the
Chinese industrialisation and military modernisation. Mao in 1952 described the Axis as
‘lasting, unbreakable, and invincible’, while Liu Shaoqi paid tribute to it in the following
glowing terms: ‘There is no deceit, competition, mutual exclusion or extortion between each
other, or oppression and plunder of the one by the other ── as is inherent among the capitalist
countries.’

Source B
This following British cartoon was published in August 1978.

Source C

Page 48 of 74
 The following passage is adopted from a history book:

On 8 March 1963, Beijing published a list of lost territories, including part of Southern Siberia,
the Maritime Province, and at least 500,000 square miles of land in Russian Central Asia. It
demanded that the Soviets acknowledge, for the record, that the current Sino-Soviet frontier was
a product of ‘unequal’ and therefore ‘illegal’ treaties. Moscow denied having territorial
problems with any neighbouring state and refused to admit the illegality of the old treaties with
China. On 10 July 1962, Mao told a visiting Japanese Socialist party delegation: ‘About a
hundred years ago, the area to the east of Baikal became Russian territory and since then
Vladivostok, Khabarovsk, Kamchatka, and other areas have become Soviet territory. We have
not yet presented our bill for this list.’ Khrushchev retorted publicly that is Tsarist Russia was
expansionist, so was Imperial China; both countries had taken land from other people and their
actions should cancel out each other. Hence, the border negotiations that began in February
1964 made no progress and broke down in October of the same year. What followed were more
frontier incidents of increasing frequency and intensity.

(1) How were the relations between China and the Soviet Union at the early stage of the
PRC? Cite clues from Source A to support your answer.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(2) Describe how the Sino-Soviet relations changed during the period 1950 to 1978 with
reference to your answer in (1) and Source B.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(3) Account for the change above with reference to Source C.

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(4) How did the changing Sino-Soviet relations affect the development of Cold War?
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

Page 49 of 74
22.
Study the sources below and answer the following questions.

Source A This following British cartoon was published in October 1988.

Source B This following British cartoon was published in in August 1991.

(1) Identify the man in Source A. Cite one clue from Source A to support your answer.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

Page 50 of 74
 (2) How did the cartoonist of Source A think about this man? Cite clues from Source A
to support your answer.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(3) What was the situation of the Soviet Union at the time Source B was published?
Account for such condition using your own knowledge.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(4) Do you think the man in Source A was responsible for the situation you mentioned
above? Explain your answer using your own knowledge.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

23.
Study the sources below and answer the following questions.

Source A A cartoon showing the foreign policy adopted by the US after the First World
War.

Page 51 of 74
Source B A cartoon showing the confrontation between the US and the USSR during the
Cold War

Source C A British cartoon published in 1946. It was entitled ‘A Peep under the Iron
Curtain’.

Page 52 of 74
(1) Referring to Source A and B, how did the US foreign policy change after the Second
World War?
__________________________________________________________

(2) Why did this change appear?

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(3) Who suggested Iron Curtain in Source C? Which historical event did Iron Curtain
symbolise?
__________________________________________________________

(4) Which two camps were separated by the Iron Curtain? Explain your answer with
reference to your own knowledge.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

Page 53 of 74
 __________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

24.
Study the sources below and answer the following questions.

Source A The following passage is about the Berlin Wall

...Barbed wires, observation towers and fences were built along the eastern side of the wall in
order to prevent the people from escaping to the west. The fortification was patrolled by guards
and dogs and overlooked by watchtowers...

Source B A graffiti on the remains of the Berlin Wall. It was entitled ‘A Brother’s Kiss’.
The kissing brothers were the leader of the USSR Leonid Brezhnev and the leader of East
Germany Erich Honecker.

(1) As shown in Source A, what were the characteristics of the Berlin Wall?
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(2) Explain the objectives of building the Berlin Wall with reference to your own
knowledge.
__________________________________________________________

Page 54 of 74
 __________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(3) What does ‘A Brother’s Kiss’ imply?

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

25.
Study the sources below and answer the following questions.

Source A A cartoon published during the Cold War.

Source B

Page 55 of 74
(1) Name the two men in Source A.
__________________________________________________________

(2) Which historical event does Source A refer to?

__________________________________________________________

(3) How did the situation shown in Source B lead to the competition depicted in Source
A? Explain your answer with reference to Source B, and using your own
knowledge.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(4) How would the situation of the Cold War change if the US lost the competition?
__________________________________________________________
Page 56 of 74
 __________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

26.
Study the sources below and answer the following questions.

Source A
The following extract is adapted from a speech by President Truman of the US to the
Americans in 1951:

In the simplest terms, what we are doing in Korea is this: We are trying to prevent a Third
World War.

I have another secret intelligence report here… communist officer in the Far East… said: ‘In
order to successfully undertake the long awaited world revolution, we must first unify Asia....
Java, Indo-China, Malaya, India, Tibet, Thailand, Philippines, and Japan are our ultimate
targets. … The United States is the only obstacle on our road for the liberation of all countries in
Southeast Asia. In other words, we must unify the people of Asia and crush the United States.’

Source B

The Cu Chi Tunnel of North Vietnamese troops for fighting against the US

(1) According to Source A, which war was the United States fighting? Explain your
answer.
Page 57 of 74
 __________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(2) Apart from local military conflicts, which characteristic of the Cold War does
Source A show? Explain your answer with reference to Source A and using your
own knowledge.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(3) Which war does Source B show?

__________________________________________________________

(4) What was the result of this war? Explain your answer using your own knowledge.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

27.
Study the sources below and answer the following questions.

Source A

Page 58 of 74
Source B

The signing ceremony for the entry of West Germany into NATO

(1) According to Source A, how was East and West Germany formed after the Berlin
Blockade? Explain your answer with reference to Source A and using your own
knowledge.
__________________________________________________________

Page 59 of 74
 __________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(2) Was the problem of Berlin solved after the creation of East and West Germany?
Explain your answer using your own knowledge.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(3) What Soviet action was caused by the situation in Source B? Explain your answer
using your own knowledge.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(4) What change(s) did the military organisations set up during the Cold War
experience in 1991? Explain your answer using your own knowledge.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

28.
Study the sources below and answer the following questions.

Source A
The following extract is adapted from the acceptance speech of Gorbachev for the 1990 Nobel
Peace Prize:

In this respect, the year 1990 represents a turning point. It marks the end of the unnatural
division of Europe. Germany has been reunited. We have begun resolutely to tear down the
material foundations of a military, political and ideological confrontation.

Source B

Page 60 of 74
*Perestroika: rebuilding the national economy
Glasnost: carrying out a political reform which introduced democratic and liberal ideas

A cartoon about the reforms carried out by Gorbachev

(1) According to Source A, was Gorbachev recognised by the international society?

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(2) Why did Gorbachev win the Nobel Peace Prize? Explain your answer using your
own knowledge.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

Page 61 of 74
 (3) According to Source B. what problems did the Soviet Union face?
__________________________________________________________

(4) How did Gorbachev’s policies lead to the end of the Cold War? Explain your
answer with reference to Sources A and B, and using your own knowledge.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

29.
Study the sources below and answer the following questions.

Source A

Source B

Page 62 of 74
 The following extract is adapted from a speech by Martin Schulz, President of the European
Parliament, given on the 25th anniversary of the Berlin Wall:

A wall which symbolised the arbitrary division of Germany and Europe, guarded by soldiers,
fortified by barbed wire, made concrete by this very Wall,
a wall of fear, across which two superpowers eyed one another as enemies; at which two
political systems collided; a wall which had brutally rent families, a country, an entire continent
apart. This painful division was ended by a peaceful revolution. Not one single tank rumbled
through the streets. Not one single shot was fired. Not one single drop of blood was shed. A
magical moment in the history of Germany and the start of a new era in Europe.

(1) How does Source A show the unification of East and West Germany?
__________________________________________________________

(2) Did the author of Source B support the existence of the Berlin Wall? Explain your
answer with reference to Source B.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(3) Was the process of the fall of the Berlin Wall peaceful? Explain your answer with
reference to Source B.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(4) What were the other events that marked the end of the Cold War? Explain your
answer using your own knowledge.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

30.
Study the sources below and answer the following questions.

Source A A cartoon published in 1948

Page 63 of 74
 France

United States
Britain

Source B A photo taken in Berlin in 1948

(1) Which country did the bear in Source A represent? Cite one clue in Source A to
support your answer.
__________________________________________________________

Page 64 of 74
 (2) Which historical event did Source A reflect? Explain your answer.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(3) Why did the people in Source B wait for the airplanes? Explain your answer by
using your own knowledge.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(4) Explain how did the event in Source A and B lead to the formation of East and West
Germany, by using your own knowledge.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

31.
Study the sources below and answer the following questions.

Source A

Page 65 of 74
A photo taken in early 1950s, showing the UN troops passing through the 38th parallel.

Source B

Facing the American massacre of Korean people

We cannot be ignorant
A Chinese propaganda published in 1951
(1) Which country was Source A taken in? Cite clues from Source A to support your
answer.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

Page 66 of 74
 (2) Using your own knowledge, why did the UN troops in Source A pass through the
38th parallel?
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(3) How was the image of the United States among Chinese, as reflected in Source B?
Explain your answer.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(4) Using your own knowledge, explain why Source B was published.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

32.
9. Study the sources below and answer the following questions.

Source A
The following is extracted from a memoir of Soviet leader X.

We had an obligation to do everything in our power to protect Cuba’s existence as a socialist

country and as a working example to the other countries of Latin America. During my visit to
Bulgaria I had the idea of installing missiles with nuclear warheads in Cuba… Only a fool
would think that we wanted to invade the American continent from Cuba. Our goal was
precisely the opposite: we wanted to keep the Americans from invading Cuba.

Page 67 of 74
Source B

US bases in
Turkey, Persia,
Soviet base etc, etc.
in Cuba
Y

A British cartoon published in 1962

(1) Which Soviet leader did the memoir in Source A belong to? Explain your answer.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(2) Why did the Soviet leaders think that the Soviet Union should protect Cuba?
Explain your answer with reference to Source A.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(3) Identify Y in Source B.

__________________________________________________________

(4) How was the relations between the United States and the Soviet Union, as reflected
in Source B? Explain your answer.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

Page 68 of 74
 __________________________________________________________

(5) Which country, the United States or the Soviet Union, would compromise? Explain
your answer with reference to Source B and your own knowledge.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

33.
Study the sources below and answer the following questions.

Source A A Chinese poster published in 1966

Support the
American Oppose the imperialist
people invasion of Vietnam

Source B An American cartoon published in 1967

Page 69 of 74
 American soldiers

Source C The following is the military expenditure of the United States during the Cold
War.
Year Military expenditure (US dollar)
1966 $15,119,000,000
1970 $18,536,000,000
1975 $1,530,000,000

(1) According to Source A, describe the image of the United States among Chinese.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(2) What was the purpose for publishing Source B? Explain your answer.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(3) According to Source C, was the military expenditure of the United States during the
Vietnam War large? Explain your answer.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

Page 70 of 74
 __________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(4) As reflected in Source A, did the Americans support the participation in the Vietnam
War? Explain whether it is valid with reference to Source C and your own
knowledge.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

34.
Study the sources below and answer the following questions.

Source A

‘What do you mean, a threat? Surely it’s all right to go fishing, isn’t it?’
A cartoon published in 1962

Source B

Page 71 of 74
 The following is adapted from a speech of the US president Nixon to the Congress in 1972.

Three-fifths of all the people alive in the world today have spent their whole lifetimes under the
shadow of a nuclear war which could be touched off by the arms race among the great
powers…We have begun to check the wasteful and dangerous spiral of nuclear arms which has
dominated relations between our two countries for a generation. We have begun to reduce the
level of fear by reducing the causes of fear, for our two peoples and for all peoples in the world.

(1) Which event in the Cold War was Source A related to?
__________________________________________________________

(2) Regarding the previous question, what was the view of the cartoonist towards the
man ‘fishing’?
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(3) With reference to Sources A and B, describe the transformation of the attitude of the
US towards the USSR.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(4) With reference to Sources A and B, and using your own knowledge, explain how the
event reflected in Source A led to the above transformation.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

35.
Study the sources below and answer the following questions.

Page 72 of 74
Source A

A cartoon published in 1990

Source B
The following is adapted from a commentary made by a Hungarian political scholar on the
situation of the Cold War in 1990.

Human rights transcended the claims of Marxism-Leninism and provided the Central and Eastern
European opposition with an intellectual basis from which to attack and thus erode the official
systems…As the 1990s began both the superpowers were weaker than they had been at any time
since 1945, indeed without the weakening of the Soviet Union the transformation would not
obviously have begun.

(1) According to your knowledge, why was no one attending the reunion in Source A?
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

(2) With reference to Source A, explain the meaning of ‘the weakening of the Soviet
Union’ in Source B.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

Page 73 of 74
 __________________________________________________________

(3) With reference to Sources A and B, and using your own knowledge, explain the
impact of the democratic movements in Eastern Europe had on the Cold War.
__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

Page 74 of 74