Homework 1 Worksheet – Part 2 of 2

Week 02 –Problems for Discussion Session

McNair, Sp23 EEL5718/4598 Computer Communications 1

 Example 1
• Consider the plotted characteristics for attenuation for
twisted pair, coaxial cable and optical fiber that were
provided in the lecture notes and in Leon-Garcia chapter 3.
• Suppose there is a 100-Watt power source, and the
minimum signal that can be received at the destination is 1
Watt.
• Calculate the maximum allowable length of the given
transmission media.
• Twisted pair at 24 gauge (0.5mm) operating at 300KHz.
• Coaxial cable at 0.375in (9.5mm) operating at 1MHz.
• Optical fiber cable operating at its optimal frequency for low
attenuation.

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 Twisted Pair Characteristic

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 Coaxial Cable Characteristic

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 Optical Fiber Characteristic

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 Decibel Properties

• Recall: log(A*B) = log(A) + log(B)

log(A/B) = log(A) - log(B)
logB(BA) = A
logBA=lnA/lnB

E.g., log2(32) = log2(25) = 5,

log2(32) = ln(32)/ln(2) = 5
log10(32) = “log” on a calculator
ln(32)/ln(10) = 1.50…

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 Example 2
• HDTV
• Aspect ratio of 16x9
(as opposed to 4x3)
• 60Hz scanning
(30Hz when same
image is projected
twice, e.g.,1080i/30)
• Lots of pixel
information.
(Each pixel requires
24 bits of info.)
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 How do the HDTV layers map to the OSI layers?

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 HDTV Compression Layer
• Why is the compression layer needed?
Hint: Compare the HDTV required bit rate required to the
maximum capacity of a cable television channel.

A) Calculate the bit rate required to transmit HDTV.

• Frame rate – 60 frames/second
• 16x9 aspect ratio  1920 pixels x 1080 pixels
• 24 bits per pixel
• B) Calculate the maximum capacity of a cable television
channel
• BW 6 MHz
• 8 signal levels
• C) Compare the HDTV rate vs the Cable TV rate
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 HDTV Picture Layer
Pixels

Each pixel requires 24 bits of color information

(8 Cb, 8 Cr, and 8 Y).
Y is the Luma (brightness)
weighted combination of RGB [8 bits]
C is the Chroma
Cb is the blue difference (Cb=B-Y) [8 bits]
Cr s the red difference (Cr=R-Y) [8 bits]

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