INDICES AND SURDS

2
p q 3 r -3
1 Find constants a, b and c such that = paqbrc . [3]
` pq -1j2 -1
r

2 (a) Solve the equation 5 w-1 = 12, giving your answer correct to 2 decimal places. [2]
2 1
(b) Solve the equation x 3 - 5x 3 + 6 = 0. [3]

3 DO NOT USE A CALCULATOR IN THIS QUESTION.

6+ x
A curve has equation y= where x H 0. Find the exact value of y when x = 6. Give your
3+ x
answer in the form a + b c , where a, b and c are integers. [3]

x 3 -1
2
625
4 Solve the equation = 5. [3]
125 x
3

xy `zyj
3 2

5 (a) Given that = x a y b z c , find the exact values of the constants a, b and c. [3]
`xzj
-3
z

(b) Solve the equation 5 (2 2p + 1) - 17 (2 p) + 3 = 0. [4]

6 DO NOT USE A CALCULATOR IN THIS QUESTION.

All lengths in this question are in centimetres.

A You may use the following

trigonometrical ratios.
60° 3
sin 60° =
2
6– 2
1
cos 60° =
2
6+ 2
tan 60° = 3
C

The diagram shows triangle ABC with AC = 6 - 2 , AB = 6 + 2 and angle CAB = 60°.

(a) Find the exact length of BC. [3]

6+ 2
(b) Show that sin ACB = . [2]
4

(c) Show that the perpendicular distance from A to the line BC is 1. [2]
7 Solve the following simultaneous equations. Give your answers in the form a + b 3, where a and b are
rational.

x+y = 3
2x - 3 y = 5 [5]
1
(pqr) -2 r 3
8 Write in the form p a q b r c , where a, b and c are constants. [3]
`p r
2 j-1 3
q
3 1
p2 + p2
9 Find the exact solution of the equation 1 = 4. [3]
p- 2

4 x +1 x 1
10 Find the value of x such that x - 1 = 32 # 8 .
3 3 [4]
2

11 DO NOT USE A CALCULATOR IN THIS QUESTION.

In this question lengths are in centimetres.

B You may use the following

trigonometric ratios.
2 3 +1
1
sin 30° =
2
3
A 30° cos 30° =
2
1
tan 30° =
3
C

(a) Given that the area of the triangle ABC is 5.5 cm2, find the exact length of AC. Write your answer
in the form a + b 3, where a and b are integers. [4]

(b) Show that BC 2 = c + d 3, where c and d are integers to be found. [4]

12 Solve the following simultaneous equations.

3 x # 9 y - 1 = 243

1
2 2x + 1
8 # 2 y- 2 = [5]
4 2

13 DO NOT USE A CALCULATOR IN THIS QUESTION.

Solve the quadratic equation ` 7 - 2j x 2 - 4x + ` 7 + 2j = 0 , giving each of your answers in the form
a + b 7, where a and b are constants. [7]
14 DO NOT USE A CALCULATOR IN THIS QUESTION.

Find the positive solution of the equation `5 + 4 7j x 2 + `4 - 2 7j x - 1 = 0 , giving your answer in

the form a + b 7, where a and b are fractions in their simplest form. [5]

15 DO NOT USE A CALCULATOR IN THIS QUESTION.

10 + 2 5
The point `1 - 5, pj lies on the curve y= . Find the exact value of p, simplifying your
answer. x2 [5]

qp 2
pa k
16 Write r in the form p a q b r c , where a, b and c are constants. [3]
-1 3
p qr

17 Do not use a calculator in this question.

Solve the quadratic equation ^ 5 - 3h x 2 + 3x + ^ 5 + 3h = 0 , giving your answers in the form a + b 5,

where a and b are constants. [6]

18 Do not use a calculator in this question. C

3– 3

A 3+ 3 B

(i) Find tan ACB in the form r + s 3 , where r and s are integers. [3]

(ii) Find AC in the form t u, where t and u are integers and t ! 1. [3]

` pr 2j2 qr
3

19 (a) Given that can be written in the form paqbr c, find the value of each of the constants a,
2` 2j-1
q pr
b and c. [3]
1 1
(b) Solve 3x 2 - y - 2 = 4,
1 1
4x 2 + 3y - 2 = 14. [3]

` 5 - 3j
2

20 Without using a calculator, express in the form p 5 + q, where p and q are integers. [4]
5 +1
21 Do not use a calculator in this question.

In this question, all lengths are in centimetres.

A triangle ABC is such that angle B = 90°, AB = 5 3 + 5 and BC = 5 3 - 5 .

(i) Find, in its simplest surd form, the length of AC. [3]

(ii) Find tan BCA, giving your answer in the form a + b 3, where a and b are integers. [3]

22 Solve the simultaneous equations

8 p+1
= 2 11 ,
4q

3 2p +5
1 = 9 3q . [5]
27 3

23 Solve the quadratic equation `1 - 3j x 2 + x + `1 + 3j = 0, giving your answer in the form a + b 3,

where a and b are constants. [6]

24 Do not use a calculator in this question.

5+6 5
(a) Simplify . [3]
6+ 5

(b) Show that 3 0.5 # ^ 2h7 can be written in the form a b, where a and b are integers and a > b.
[2]

4
(c) Solve the equation x + 2 = x , giving your answers in simplest surd form. [4]

25 Do not use a calculator in this question.

All lengths in this question are in centimetres.

4 3 -5

60°
B C
4 3 +5

The diagram shows the triangle ABC, where AB = 4 3 - 5, BC = 4 3 + 5 and angle ABC = 60°.
3 1
It is known that sin 60° = , cos 60° = , tan 60° = 3.
2 2
(i) Find the exact value of AC. [4]

2 p
(ii) Hence show that cosec ACB = (4 3 + 5) , where p and q are integers. [4]
q
26 Do not use a calculator in this question.
6 p # 8 p + 2 # 3q
(a) Given that is equal to 2 7 # 3 4 , find the value of each of the constants p and q.
9 2q - 3 [3]
1 1 2
(b) Using the substitution u = x 3 , or otherwise, solve 4x 3 + x 3 + 3 = 0 . [4]

13

1
27
1 If z = 2+ 3 find the integers a and b such that az 2 + bz = 1 + 3. [5]

2x 1.5 + 6x -0.5
28 Solve the equation = x. [5]
x 0.5 + 5x -0.5

p 1
29 Find integers p and q such that + = q + 3 3. [4]
3-1 3+1

3
3 0 (a) Simplify x 8 y 10 ' x 3 y -6 , giving your answer in the form x a y b , where a and b are integers. [2]

(b) (i) Show that 4 ^t - 2h2 + 5 ^t - 2h2 can be written in the form ^t - 2h p ^qt + rh, where p, q and r
1 3

are constants to be found. [3]

(ii) Hence solve the equation 4 ^t - 2h2 + 5 ^t - 2h2 = 0.

1 3
[1]

31 Do not use a calculator in this question.

9 30
(a) Show that 24 # 27 + can be written in the form a 2, where a is an integer. [3]
15

(b) Solve the equation 3 ^1 + xh = 2 ^x - 3h, giving your answer in the form b + c 3, where b and c
are integers. [3]

J1 + 5 N-2
32 Without using a calculator, express K O in the form a + b 5, where a and b are integers. [5]
L3 - 5 P

1 1 3
p 3 q-2 r 2
33 Given that = p a q b r c , find the value of each of the integers a, b and c. [3]
- 23 5
p (qr)

9
4m m -
34 Express m in the form Am + B, where A and B are integers to be found. [3]
3
2 m+
m

a b
35 Without using a calculator
, find the integers a and b such that + = 3 - 3. [5]
3+1 3-1
 5+3 3
36 Without using a calculator, show that = k - 2 where k is an integer to be found. [3]
5+ 3

37 In this question all lengths are in centimetres. A

60°
C B

In the triangle ABC shown above, AC = 3 + 1, BC = 3 - 1 and angle ACB = 60°.

(i) Without using a calculator, show that the length of AB = 6. [3]

(ii) Show that angle CAB = 15°. [2]

(iii) Without using a calculator, find the area of triangle ABC. [2]

38 (a) Solve the equation 16

3x - 1
= 8x + 2 . [3]

`a 3 b - 2 j
1 1 3

(b) Given that = a p b q, find the value of each of the constants p and q. [2]
- 23 1
a b 2

39 Do not use a calculator in this question.

Find the positive value of x for which ^4 + 5h x 2 + ^2 - 5h x - 1 = 0, giving your answer in the
a+ 5
form , where a and b are integers. [6]
b

40 Do not use a calculator in this question.

8
(a) Express in the form a + b, where a and b are integers. [3]
7- 5

(b) Given that 28 + p 3 = ^q + 2 3h2 , where p and q are integers, find the values of p and of q. [3]
 MARK SCHEME

1 
3 8 3 3
p 2 q 3 r 2 B1 for a  
2
8
B1 for b 
3
B1 for c = –2

2(a) w  1  log5 12 M1
log12
or w  1 
log 5

w  2.54 cao A1

2(b) Rewrites in quadratic form e.g.: M1

1
y x3 y2  5 y  6  0

or  x 
1 2 1
3  5x 3  6  0

and factorises or solves e.g. : M1 Factorising their 3 term

(y – 2)(y – 3) = 0 quadratic

x = 8 and A1
x = 27

3 6 6 3 6 M1
 y   oe, soi
3 6 3 6

Correctly multiplies out correct expression: M1

18  6 6  3 6  6
 y  oe
96

 y  4  6 A1 not from wrong working

4 x3 1 x3 1 B1
 54  2  252  2 1
 5 oe or  25 2
converts the terms given to powers of 5 or
 
3 3
(53 ) x 3 x
25 2 25
1
x3
 625   625

2
or 3
5 or separates the power in the numerator
125 x correctly
3
x 1
3
or log 625 2  log125 x  log 5 oe
or applies a correct log law

52 x
3
 2  3 x3
 51 oe M1 their exponential equation in the same
base
 x3  2  1 oe or their logarithmic equation with any
or consistent base,
1
3
11.5x3 providing their exponential or
25 x  25 2 oe
logarithmic equation has at most one sign
 0.5x3 1  0.5 oe or arithmetic error
or
x3
1 1
    5 oe
5 25
1
 x3 log  log 125 oe
5
or
x3  1
log 625  x3 log125  log5 oe
2

[ x ] 3 3 oe A1 mark final answer; not from wrong

working
or 1.442249... rot to 3 or more figs.

5(a) 10 1 B1
a= or 3
3 3

7 1 B1
b= or 2
3 3

9 1 B1
c= or 4 or 4.5
2 2

5(b) M1 For recognition of a quadratic

( ) − 17 ( 2 ) + 3 = 0
2
10 2 p p

in 2 p , attempt to factorise and

( 5 ( 2 ) − 1) ( 2 ( 2 ) − 3) = 0
p p
solve for 2 p
1 3
2p = , 2p =
5 2

1 M1 For correct attempt to deal with

ln
ln1.5 2p = k
p = 5 or p = oe
ln 2 ln 2

−2.32 A1

0.585 A1
6(a)
( ) +( ) ( )( ) M1
2 2
6− 2 6+ 2 −2 6− 2 6 + 2 cos60

1 M1 Condone one error in expansion

6 + 2 − 2 12 + 6 + 2 + 2 12 − 2 × ( 6 − 2 ) × of brackets
2

[ BC = ] 2 3 isw A1

6(b) their 2 3 6+ 2 their 2 3 6+ 2 M1 Condone other letters for ACB

= or =
sin60 sin ACB 3 sin ACB
2

3 1 6+ 2 A1 A0 if necessary brackets missing

sin ACB = ( 6+ 2 × ) ×
2 2 3
=
4
unless clearly recovered

6(c) 6+ 2 x M1 Complete method

=
4 6− 2
or

1
× their 2 3 × x =
2
1
2
( ) (
× 6 − 2 × 6 + 2 × sin60 )
[where x is the perpendicular from A to BC]

x=
( 6− 2 )( 6+ 2 ) = 6 − 2 =1 A1

4 4
or

x=
( 6 − 2) × 3 4
= =1
2 3 2 4

7 Solves 2 x + 2 y = 6 and 2 x − 3 y = 5 oe M1
by elimination as far as 2 y + 3 y = 1
or substitutes x = 3 – y into 2 x − 3 y = 5 oe
OR
solves 3 x + 3 y = 3 3 and 2 x − 3 y = 5 oe
by elimination as far as 2 x + 3x = 3 3 + 5
or substitutes y = 3 – x into 2 x − 3 y = 5 oe

1 3 3+5 A1
y= or x =
2+ 3 2+ 3

1 2− 3 3 3 +5 2− 3 M1 FT their value of x or y providing

y= × oe or x = × oe of equivalent difficulty
2+ 3 2− 3 2+ 3 2− 3

y = 2 − 3 and x = 1 + 3 A2 A1 for either and no extra values

 8 −
2 3 B for a = 0
p0 q −5 r 3
B1 for b = −5
2
B1 for c = −
3

9 Rearranges to a 3-term quadratic M1 Condone one sign error in coefficients but

p2 + p − 4 = 0 not powers; powers must be simplified

Solves their 3-term quadratic M1

in p soi

−1 + 17 A1
p= cao; nfww
2

10 2(2x+2)
5x M1 Convert all to powers of 2 – allow one
( x−1)
= 2 3 × 21 error.
2

 5x 
 +1
M1 2x
2( x +3) = 2 3  Use and 2(x – y) correctly on their
2y
expression. Allow one arithmetic slip.

5x M1 Dep on previous M1.

x+3= +1 Forms linear equation using their powers
3
correctly.

x=3 A1

11(a) 1 11 M1 Correct use of area of a triangle

(2 3 + 1) AC sin 30° =
2 2

(2 3 + 1) AC = 22 A1 oe

22 (2 3 −1) M1 Multiply by their (2 3 + 1)

AC = ×
(2 3 + 1) (2 3 −1)

AC = 4 3 –2 A1

11(b) M1 Correct use of cosine rule with their AC.

( ) ( )
2
BC 2 = 2 3 + 1 + 4 3 − 2

−2 ( 2 3 + 1) ( 4 )
3 − 2 cos30

BC 2 = 13 + 4 3  + 52 −16 3  A2 for one correct expanded bracket

A1 for the other two correct expanded
+  −22 3  brackets

BC 2 = 65 − 34 3 A1
12 express an equation correctly in powers M1
of 3 or powers of 2

x + 2 y − 2 = 5 oe (x + 2y = 7) A1 accept unsimpified

2 x + 1 − 2.5 = 3 + y − 0.5 oe (2x – y = 4) A1 accept unsimplified

solve correct equations for x or y M1

x = 3 and y = 2 A1

13 ( 7 −2 )( )
7 + 2 = 3 soi B1 seen anywhere

use quadratic formula to solve for x M1

x=
4 ± 16 − 4 ( 7 −2 )( 7+2 ) A1

2( 7 − 2)

4±2 A1 or 4 ± 4 in numerator
x=
2 ( 7 −2 )
rationalise one of their solutions B1 full rationalisation statement must be

e.g.
(4+2
×
7+2 ) shown

2( 7 − 2) ( 7 + 2)

x = 2+ 7 nfww A1

2 1 A1 2+ 7
x= + 7 nfww accept
3 3 3

14 M1 For correct use of quadratic formula,

( ) ( 4 − 2 7 ) − 4 (5 + 4 7 ) ( −1)
2
− 4−2 7 +
x= allow inclusion of ± until final answer
2 (5 + 4 7 )

( )
− 4 − 2 7 + 16 + 28 −16 7 + 20 +16 7 M1 For attempt to simplify discriminant,
x= must see attempt at expansion and
(
2 5+ 4 7 ) subsequent simplification

x=
(
− 4−2 7 +8 )
(
2 5+4 7 )
4+2 7 2+ 7 A1 For either
x= or x=
2 5+4 7( ) (5 + 4 7 )
2+ 7 5−4 7 M1 For attempt to rationalise, must see
x= × attempt at expansion and subsequent
(5 + 4 7 ) 5−4 7
simplification
10 + 5 7 − 8 7 − 28
x=
25 − 112

6 7 A1
x= +
29 29
 15 2 B1 or rationalises
Squares: (1 − 5 ) = 1− 5 − 5 + 5 2
10 + 2 5 (1+ 5)
2
× 2
(1 − 5 ) (1+ 5)

Rationalises, e.g. B1 or squares

2
10 + 2 5 6 + 2 5
× (1 + 5) =1+ 5 + 5 + 5
6−2 5 6+2 5

Multiplies out, e.g. M1 Multiplies out

60 + 20 5 + 12 5 + 4(5)  10 + 2 5 6 + 2 5 
 × =
36 − 20 2 2
 (1 − 5 ) (1 + 5 ) 
60 + 20 5 + 12 5 + 4(5)
(1 − 5 )2

5+ 2 5 A2 A1 for k + 2 5 or 5 + k 5

16 7 5
−
7 B3 7
p q r 3
2 3 B1 for each term or for each of a = ,
2
5 7
b= , c=−
3 3

17
( 5 −3 )( 5 + 3 = −4) B1 Seen anywhere

Attempt formula M1

−3 ± 5 A1
x=
2 ( 5 −3 )
Multiply by their ( 5 +3 ) M1 Attempt must be seen with a further
line of working. oe

x = 5 +3 A1 oe Mark final answer

x=
−1 ( 5 +3 ) A1 oe Mark final answer

18(i) 3+ 3 B1
[ tan ACB =]
3− 3

rationalise with 3 + 3 M1

simplify showing at least 3 terms in A1

numerator to 2 + 3

18(ii) M1 Pythagoras
( ) + (3 − 3 )
2 2 2
( AC ) = 3+ 3 oe

at least 4 terms 12 + 6 3 +12 − 6 3 A1 AC = 2 6

 19(a) 5 B1
a=
2

3 B1
b=−
2

11 B1
c=
2

19(b) 1
−
1 M1 For attempt to solve simultaneous
9x 2 − 3y 2 = 12 1
1
−
1 equations. Must reach kx 2 = ... or
4x 2 + 3y 2 = 14 −
1
ky 2 = ... oe

x=4 A1

1 A1
y=
4

20 ( 5 − 3) = 5 + 9 − 2(3) 5
2 M1

their (14 − 6 5 ) 5 −1 M1 Attempts to rationalise

× or forms a pair of simultaneous
5 +1 5 −1
equations
e.g. 5 p + q = 14, p + q = −6

their (14 5 − 30 −14 + 6 5) M1 multiplies out; numerator must have at

least 3 terms; condone one sign error in
5 −1
numerator; denominator may be 4 or
5 − 5 + 5 −1

or solves their simultaneous equations to

find one unknown

5 5 −11 A1 or p = 5, q = −11

21(i) M1 correct use of Pythagoras or correct

( ) ( )
2 2
AC 2 = 5 3 + 5 + 5 3 − 5
use of cosine rule with cos90

= 75 + 25 + 50 3 + 75 + 25 − 50 3 M1 correct expansion to 6 or 8 terms

= 200

AC =10 2 A1 from AC2 = 200

21(ii) 5 3+5 B1
tan BCA = oe
5 3 −5

=
(5 3 + 5)(5 3 + 5) oe
M1 for rationalisation

( 5 3 − 5) ( 5 3 + 5)
100 + 50 3
= oe
50

=2+ 3 A1

22 2( )
3 p+1
32 p +5 M1
=3 ( )
2 3q
2q
= 211 or 1
2 3 
3  3

xa M1
Use = x a −b or x a × xb = x a +b
xb

3 p + 3 − 2q = 11 and 2 p + 5 − 1 = 6q A1 Allow unsimplified

M1 solve

p = 4 and q = 2 A1

23
(1 − 3 ) (1 + 3 ) = −2 B1

M1 *
uses quadratic formula

x=
( )(
−1 ± 1 − 4 1 − 3 1 + 3 ) A1

2 (1 − 3 )

M1 Dep*
× numerator and denominator by
(
their 1+ 3 )
1 3 A2 A1 for each
x = 1 + 3 or x = − −
2 2
24(a) 5+6 5 6− 5 M1 for rationalisation
×
6+ 5 6− 5

30 − 5 5 + 36 5 − 30 M1 M1dep for expanding the numerator to

= obtain four terms.
31

31 5 A1 A1 for 5 from correct working

= = 5
31

24(b)
( 2)
6
3× × 2 = 6 × 23

8 6 B2 B1 for 6 from 3× 2

( 2 ) or 2
6
3
B1 for 8 from

24(c) EITHER: B1 3 term quadratic equation equated to

zero
x2 + 2x − 4 = 0

− 2 ± 18 M1 use of the quadratic formula

x=
2

for use of 18 = 3 2 M1 M1 dep

2, − 2 2 A1 For both from full working

OR:
x2 + 2x − 4 = 0 B1


2 M1 Correct use of completing the square
2 1
 x +  = 4 + method
 2  2
3 2
x=± −
2 2

4 2 M1 M1dep for dealing with 2 in

x=− ,
2 2 denominator

x = 2, − 2 2 A1
25(i)
( ) ( ) M1 For attempt to use the cosine rule
2 2
AC 2 = 4 3 − 5 + 4 3 + 5

( )(
−2 4 3 − 5 4 3 + 5 cos60o ) A1 For all correct unsimplified

AC 2 = 123 M1 M1 dep for attempt to evaluate without

use of calculator

AC = 123 A1

ALTERNATIVE METHOD

Taking D as the foot of the perpendicular M1 For a complete method to get AC2
from A:
Find AD, BD, DC

AC 2 = AD 2 + DC 2

 12 − 5 3   15 + 4 3 
2 2 A1 For all correct unsimplified
2
AC =   +  
 2   2 

AC 2 = 123 M1 M1dep for attempt to evaluate without

use of calculator

AC = 123 A1

25(ii) AC 4 3 −5 AD M1 For attempt at the sine rule or

o
= or sin ACB = trigonometry involving right-angled
sin 60 sin ACB AC
triangles

For attempt at cosec M1 dep on first M mark

2 123 2 41
cosecACB = or
(
3 4 3 −5 )
4 3 −5 ( )
oe

2 123 4 3+5 M1 dep on previous M mark for a statement

cosec ACB = ×
3 4 3 −5( ) 4 3+5 involving rationalisation using a 3 + b

A1 4 3+5
=
2 41
23
4 3+5 ( ) For rationalisation using
4 3+5
oe and

simplification

ALTERNATIVE METHOD

M1 Area of ABC
1
2
( )(
4 3 − 5 4 3 + 5 sin 60 =
23 3
4
)
M1 For attempt at a second area of ABC and
1
2
(
123 4 3 + 5 sin ACB =
23 3
4
) equating to first area

For attempt at cosec M1 dep on first 2 M marks

A1 Need to be convinced no calculator is

=
2 41
23
4 3+5 ( ) being used in simplification
26(a) 1 B1
p=
4

p + q − 4q + 6 = 4 B1 FT on their p

3 B1
q=
4

26(b)  1  1  M1 For attempt to factorise and solve, or

 x 3 + 3   x 3 + 1 = 0 solve using the quadratic formula oe, a
   1
quadratic in x 3 or u

1 A1 For both
x 3 = −1 or u = −1
1
x 3 = −3 or u = −3

x = −1 A1

x = −27 A1

27 z2 = 7 + 4 3 B1 Accept 4 + 3 + 4 3

( ) (
a 7 + 4 3 + b 2 + 3 =1+ 3 ) M1 Equate both 3 terms and constant
terms to obtain two equations in a
and b .

7 a + 2b = 1 A1 Both correct. Accept equation with

4a + b = 1 a multiple of 3

Attempt to solve a pair of linear simultaneous M1 M1dep

eqns to a = or b =

a = 1and b = −3 A1

28 (
2 x1.5 + 6 x −0.5 = x x 0.5 + 5 x −0.5 ) M1 Attempt to multiply by x 0.5 + 5x −0.5
or x 0.5 or divide by x 0.5

2 x1.5 + 6 x −0.5 = x1.5 + 5 x 0.5 or A1 Simplified numerical powers

x1.5 − 5 x 0.5 + 6 x −0.5 = 0
6
2 2x +
2x + 6 x =x
or = x or
x+5 5
1+
x

x2 − 5x + 6 = 0 M1 M1dep
obtain a three term quadratic.
Allow errors in signs and
coefficients but not powers

( x − 3)( x − 2 ) = 0 M1 Solve a three term quadratic

x = 3 or 2 only A1
 29 p ( ) ( 3 − 1) = q + 3
3 +1 +
3
M1 on LHS take common denominator
or rationalise each term or multiply
( 3 − 1) ( 3 + 1) throughout

p ( ) (
3 +1 + )
3 − 1 = 2q + 6 3 oe A1 correct eqn with no surds in
denominators of LHS

equate surd/non surd parts M1 equate and solve for p or q (≠0)

p = 5 and q = 2 A1

30(a) x3 y 7 B2 B1 for each term

30(b)(i) 3 1 M1
for ( t − 2 ) 2 = ( t − 2 ) 2 ( t − 2 ) soi

1 A1
(t − 2) 2 ( 4 + 5(t − 2))
1 A1
( t − 2 ) 2 ( 5t − 6 )

30(b)(ii) 6 B1 1
2 and FT on their ( t − 2 ) 2 ( 5t − 6 ) , must have 2
5

31(a) 2 6 × 3 3 = 6 18 oe M1 method must be shown –

simplifies and combines product

18 2 A1 If all over common denominator

then consider the product for
M1A1

9 2 oe soi leading to final answer of 27 2 B1

31(b) 6+ 3 M1 Expanding and making x subject

[ x =] – condone slips but must be of
2− 3 equivalent difficulty

6+ 3 2+ 3 M1 numerator at least 3 terms;

[ x =] × oe and multiplies out numerator 12 + 2 3 + 6 3 + 3
2− 3 2+ 3
and denominator

15 + 8 3 A1
32 Without using a calculator…
Sufficient evidence must be seen to be convinced
that a calculator has not been used. Withhold the
mark for any step that is unsupported.

deals with the negative index soi B1  3− 5 

2

e.g.  
 1+ 5 

3 − 5 1− 5 M1 1+ 5 3 + 5
rationalises × oe allow for ×
1+ 5 1 − 5 3− 5 3+ 5

3− 4 5 +5 A1 3+ 4 5 +5
multiplies out correctly oe allow for
1− 5 9−5

squares correct binomial A1

( ) = (4 + 4 )
2
allow for 2 + 5 5 +5
( −2 + 5 ) = ( 4 − 4 )
2
5 + 5 oe

9 − 4 5 cao A1 dep on all previous marks awarded

Alternative method 1:

dealing with the negative index soi B1

correctly squaring with at least 3 terms in the B1

numerator and denominator
3− 5 3− 5 9−6 5 +5
× = oe
1+ 5 1+ 5 1+ 2 5 + 5

 14 − 6 5 6 − 2 5  M1
rationalising their  × 
oe
 6 + 2 5 6 − 2 5 

multiplying out correctly; at least 3 terms in the A1

numerator but condone a single value for the
84 − 64 5 + 60
denominator oe
36 − 20

9 − 4 5 cao A1

Alternative method 2

dealing with the negative index soi B1

( )(
9 − 6 5 + 5 = a + b 5 1+ 2 5 + 5 ) M1

14 = 6a + 10b A1
oe
−6 = 2a + 6b

a = 9 cao A1

b = –4 cao A1
 32 Alternative method 3

for dealing with the negative index soi B1

( )( )
[ 3 − 5 = c + d 5 1+ 5 leading to] M1

c + 5d = 3
c + d = −1

c = –2 and d = 1 A1

( −2 + 5 ) A1
2
=4−4 5 +5

9 − 4 5 cao A1

33 a = 1, b = −3, c = −1 B3 B1 for each

4m2 − 9
34 = M1 for multiplying each term by m , using a
2m + 3
common denominator of m or for multiplying
3
numerator and denominator by 2 m −
m

( 2m − 3)( 2m + 3) A1 for a correct expression that will cancel

=
2m + 3 ( 2m − 3)( 2m + 3)
,
( 4m 2
)
− 9 ( 2m − 3 )
2m + 3 2
(4m − 9)
( 2m − 3)( 2m + 3) (2m − 3) , or equivalents
(2m + 3)(2m − 3)

= 2m − 3 A1 for 2m − 3 or A = 2, B = −3

Alternative Method
9
(4m m − ) M1 for correct expansion
m
3
= (2 m + ) (Am + B)
m

Comparing coefficients A1 for correct comparisons to obtain A and B

2A = 4, 3A + 2B = 0, 3B = −9 A1 for 2m − 3 or A = 2, B = −3

35 a( ) ( 3 + 1)
3 −1 + b M1 Common denominator or

=( 3 − 3)( 3 − 1) ( 3 + 1) × ( 3 −1 )( 3 +1 )
= 2 ( 3 − 3) oe
a+b=2 DM1 equate constant terms and 3 terms.
− a + b = −6 A1 both correct
DM1 solve two linear equations to obtain a = or
b=
b = −2 and a = 4 A1 both correct
 ( 5 + 3 3) × ( 5− 3 )
36 M1 rationalise with ( 5− 3 )
( 5 + 3) ( 5− 3)
5 + 3 15 − 15 − 9
= A1 numerator (3 or 4 terms)
5−3
2 15 − 4
= = 15 − 2 A1 denominator and completion
2

( ) ( )
2 2
37 (i) AB 2 = 3 +1 + 3 −1 M1 use cosine rule

−2 ( 3 +1 )( )
3 − 1 cos60

= 3 + 1 + 2 3 +3 +1− 2 3 −2 A1 at least 7 terms

=6 A1 correct completion AG

sinA sin60
(ii) = M1 sine rule (or cosine rule)
3 −1 6

sin A =
( )
3 − 1 sin 60
=
6− 2
oe or 0.259 A1 correct explicit expression for sinA AG
6 4
or 0.2588…

(iii) Area =
1
2
( 3 +1 )( )
3 − 1 sin60 M1 correct substitution into
1
2
ab sin C

3
= A1
2

38 (a) 2 ( ) =2 ( )
4 3 x −1 3 x+2

3
2( 3 x−1) ( x +2 )
or 4 = 42
4
( 3 x −1) B1 B1 for a correct statement
or 8 3 = 8 x +2
3
3 x−1 ( x +2 )
or 16 = 16 4
M1 for equating indices
10
leading to x = cao A1
9

(b) 5 B1
p=
3
q = −2 B1
39 (4 + 5 ) x + (2 − 5 ) x −1 = 0
2 You must be convinced that a calculator is
not being used.

( ) ( 2 − 5 ) − 4 ( 4 + 5 ) ( −1)
2
− 2− 5 ±
x= M1 for use of quadratic formula (allow one sign
2(4 + 5 ) error), allow b 2 = 9 − 4 5
A1 all correct

x=
( )
− 2 − 5 ± 9 − 4 5 +16 + 4 5
DM1 for attempt to simplify the discriminant
(
2 4+ 5 ) (minimum of 4 terms must be seen in
discriminant, 2 terms involving √5 and 2
constant terms)

=
(
− 2− 5 +5 )
(
2 4+ 5 )
3+ 5 3+ 5 3+ 5
= A1 for or , ignore negative
(
2 4+ 5 ) (
2 4+ 5 ) 8+ 2 5
solution if included

=
(3 + 5 )( 4 − 5 ) M1 for attempt to rationalise an expression of the
2(4 + 5 )(4 − 5 ) a±b 5
form as part of their solution of the
c±d 5
quadratic
7+ 5 Must obtain an integer denominator
=
22 A1
Final A1 can only be awarded if all previous
marks have been obtained

40 (a) 8 ( ×
7+ 5 ) and attempt to M1
( 7− 5) ( 7+ 5)
multiply

56 + 40
oe A1 not from wrong working
2

14 + 10 A1

(b) q2 + 4q 3 +12 soi B1

28 = q 2 +12 oe M1 can be implied by 4 and 16 or –4 and

–16

q = 4, −4 p = 16, −16 A1 all values