aH-18-A

*Ganeoication of DSB-SC:

Balanced DSB-5C
modutato

>8o phaseshift

modu tatos ae Usedto

Rhe balance
Siqnol
Ca121ies1in AM 0aVe.
SuppoC5S the uPpei and
lonaisb of
Thus the outpUt
tou Side bands.
mt AM
Modularto1

Cos1ien|
80 Signat
TPOsEshift
AM
-mCtLMOdulat1&|
 )= Ac(Hunot)Xosect
Ac(1-mct)cost&t
att-
St-4-y2)
CHmctCos9ct- Ac (mtt)
Fic
Cosuect
sAcCoE9ct+ AcumcWCosOt
AcCasuGct+Acumtt) CosBct

stt= aAcum(HCosAct
Conbtant
StmcH CoSLSct

* FS1Om this output the casoiei Signdu

Suppess ed.
6
Oemoolulation O DS6-5LtON CoheYEt
detectionOfDS B-5C CO)
SynchmDA)OuS drtectjon Of DsB-5C:
mct) is applizd to te
*THE DSB-SC Oave
is
pe1Dduct modulaton in Lohich it
qene1ated osci-
Multiplid oith locally

late. t S
DS6-6 potoduct
mct ModulatoS
Ct)
Local
0silcrta J
he local osCillatos1 qenena y Canie toaN
be hegten Cay adphase
that shouldl
Synchmonized at tranmitte91 CNd vecieve-
oth eo1uoise pobilit OP PhaI2 and fre
Menc, e121bN
mct)= &AJCoWct
C = Ac. Cos CUc+P)
SCt) = o¢t). cC)
RtCos cEctAc CosCHLHp)
Act) Cosuect.cos(SCt+tH) 7
AcU acos uSctCos (LeCtH¢D)
QCosACoSB = Cos (AtB)+Cos (E-3)
Ac t Cos (Lettdct+D)+
Cos (yctuect-)
Ahc.i
2
Cos (act+Hp)+Costt)
CosQWcHO)
.'5t) = A Cos cbh+A
SB USB
ouofreey High freauenty
SiANAL Siqnal
S= AC X costdueto LPFE
2

he phase e19101 is nulified to qet

the onginal signalThe demodulaton
output will Ie meximom phen D-0:
 Catie1SIgnal 15 SuppYesed
eSe the
the Sde baAn Ctz availalble
but both
oP psb-50
Spectn
MCt) Amt
Am/
FT
0
mrssa2 Sonal
CLt

UU e
Casiest Sqal fe
Suppessed
CasIie
FT S
uAC AAC
USB
tS8
DSB-SC SIgral, tc+m
fmtt-tmfctm
*Fard 1oidth:
BW=fusB-38
=kim- m)
B-W-aim
 OUes1 dishbutjon in DSB-SC:

The total transmetted powesi is Ony

oue OP USB ancl. 136 no Ca9191e91 Pax

*POUoesi sawigsin DSB-SC

DSB-SC =PrtpsB-)-TCS)
P(psB-pC)

F(t

Ppses2+U2

psB-SC= 100-XiO0 66.7h

 66.1O)Tre trorymissir 2Puis144
of DSB-A.
Aduantoqes
yrhe CO91eniesn voorz
The Co1ies1 poUDES 15 sovenp NA
to DSB-FC.
3Tnarsmiesion zleeienincres
Bettten signal to oise iatto.
*isodvantogz
191cstoge op ad usidt can0
pSB-F).
Sin92 side Bond-sopress
*SS
Canen modu lation):
caHiie and cnec? het
Ithis he 02suPTessed dt z +ors-
Side bonda infcimation is lbst.ts
mittks1, and no
nmodulation is Called ess se
typeof
modulation
 DSB-SC

-fcthc-Gtm) tc tc+fm
ABB S
USB

fcCfC+m)
5SB-SC

fm) fm

Geneation O SS6-SC:
PoduCb
modutatosn T BPE S98-
Messoga Signe
Signe Caie
DS3-sc.
signalsiLkon
At the output of pOdutmculaton
the DsB-sc vave Containa tioo side
bard and the band poss iltt1 «oill
alloo only one sidelband and fpenaduek
SSB-Sc otput.
 Mtt= AmCoStemt
Ct AcCosec
SC=AmACCs(L9o+9c)t->UB6
SC)=AmAC Cos( S6H9n)t L55.
2
BCundwidth
BW +im-i
B-W fm
POuoetras miSion Of sSB-EC

4
*pouses soNp i ssB-5
Fon l; R=I5fc
The totoal side s6=-F a3iers
badooe 5Pc-Fc
se-O5Pc
Pouoes sNiNg-Co131e91pouoe1+0neside
oandd pouoe1
=Pe+Puse to)RLsB
=Pc+0 25Fc
=-5Tc
OP powe91 Sav ingssB-5C=pwsensavirn
Pt
X 100
 =a5Ycx0O.
L5Pc
83.3
*AdVantaggS
Dhess Band toiclth
a powe1 Satiing (Z334)
)EHiciency înrease3
Reducz inte1upion moise
isaduantage
THe drsign oF BPE iSey di ticutb the
BpF is ve Shoasp othenuoiSe SB EntoLt
ito LSB anndvice yensa
-
*Compaisibn OF PSB-FC, PB-SC S6B-Sc
Paramten DSB-FC DSB-SC |sSB-sc|

ame
Supres31D o N.A Ful Fuul
side N.A N.A
band onc side
Supres1o bad iS
SupTesed
Band aim m
oidth. po
49pooest PrePctUss P R66 PPOsBto
ransm1as0 Rse +PLSB PLSB
5TnamESDtess Bcteitanaximun
fcciancy |
DSB-SC
Complexi |Simple simple MOSt
APPlication Rcdio Complex*
Radio
Broad Beiod Point to
Castine Cbtin point
mooite
Communi
Cation
Argz Modulation
* n Anel modulation freaue O
orth
Phase0sthe Ca9ie91 Siqnal
espect to he mbcdulatroqna.
*upes_CE Angle modutetion
. FM
&PM
*EM(FaRn Mocduteatio
R In thi reauenty Of the caMie9i
Siqnal changes ö.Yt themodulatam
sgnct
cCt=AcCos (ScttH)
AcCoS (antctH)
Ac C05eE
ect= aUfC t+ aTTKF mct)dt
 [aTfct +3TKf J înt)dt]|
|SFMt)=AcCos
*Kp Feoyuenup
= Sensativty.
theNqluE-Of_
Fcau y daviation is high
highand vice vesBa
KP is CUso

*Genenatidn OF FM:

Phasez m
mtt InteqTatoi modulatosn
Modu la- S
Cogle 91
S9nal 0sd la tos1|

AfO At-+Ne
Af=-VeE

Nodu latia SiqNaL

Ca ien S1qnal
SCt)-AcCos aTfc4+2ITKe mttolt
AcCos(aTctt 2TKe Am Costemtd
Ac Cos (ATTFCt +ättKe ( AmCosanftay
 Ac 0s (aTfct+ATf¢ Am.3inEft
(anfct + Ke Arn
AcCos SinaTfm
Eet B = Kp.Arn Af
m
vohesie Be = Module tion Tdz
deoN iatio
Af = Fneaueny
Stt-AcCos (8TTft+ E Sinatft)
St)Ac Cos (&Tfcte SinatTfnt
*ON 1ation Katio= Maximum deN 1dU2
Mox Hodula tintre
*°Modu lation FM = Actual Prea,deiatio
MaX dltouned devianT

t.NIBFM
.NB PM.
*NBEM CNasioLo Band FM):
n the NBFMis the MOaNe
coidththemodulati9
oith Smau Band5 ess.than1.
ndex fosn NEFM

SFM AcCosCoct+PeSin Smt).

t (A+8)=CoSACOSB-SinAsioB
Co
St)-AcCoS etos(Fsinu9mt)- Sinusct
sin CPe sinsmt)
 Nou Fe2
Cosp Snut) e COSO=

Sin Cr 5inm) SnLemt sine=.

Stt= Ac Costect| -Sinuect BeSin9mt),
AcCsOct- AcBe SinIctSinAmt
Ycos (a-)-Cos (Ot
snA snß
Stt)= Ac CoBCOet-Ac.Bp fcos (uec-m)v *
CSCc+m)t|
SCt= Acosoct- Acpfcos (Sc-n)t
Ac Bf Cos C9eHE)t

*Spectrom Of NBFM

AY
c AcP2

fc-m Fctfm

Acp
2
2
0GEM (wide Band FM)
FM tOC YE LOith
the OBEMiO the
moi and tsdth the modulating inda*
fo BEM iS
ratest than t.

valugsof mOdu lation 10C*

*Fosn La91qe 1nHNiE
OCVe Contain casue91 ad
t EM
oandsRocated ooud
numlbe91 Of Side
ea FM Wave has 1nioite
the CaHnieH Sueh aS SIde. bad
called
Bad cOT dth and hence
M Sct)=AcCos G9cttSmemt)
Ng BeSSEA unction it can be-
y
expanded aS. p

(Sin(uecdm)t
stt)= Ac To PfCos9ct+ Te
Sin (-L9mJtt-
J2BeSinuscadLmt+Sintusc-am)t
(Sinu9ct3uomt+Sin tBe-3tm)t
+3Be
*Specnm F OBE
Ae,JoB)) SE) CTBE ToP)
A ALTB)| Acl2iP)
Ac AETBeAchhBf) AYTPf)
CSP
 rhe, p loolL orFM WOVG3irinite,
iqniljcoe
houo mnnufde r hdvi
Ainpirle.. 3itni17cant eide
P fmX).O}
inlcx trhe
incraising. the, mocuiation
t Mombe9i Of ide hed
inCMEae
igoircant ig incren3e.s.
Thec:fo, BomduoiMn

ers that the Bad oid

Tt Stat hesum of the
Of FMVOCANe. is oisot: tolce
highcbt modulating.
cleniatiDw and the
re.quuenc

PvalbP +fm))
Bfm 1-+AL
Fm
.7 29

EX
Af 15KHZ; fnm= 500HZ Bnf=E
. BW (H500D+500)
55o0)
6pOOOt.
= 151KH3
Af AHa, Jm=5DOOHZ BN=2

15-+ 5)= tOKHZ.

Af 15KHZ; {m- toooOH; BN3
B.A 2(AF+fm)
&(H5+10) =14OKAZ.
treajuenu{ iS
modulating
*INiS EKample Band is increašed
increasina and oidth s
maSICinallu.tenceFMiS Knoun
Ony
Constant Bund oidth suStem.
*POUDe91RequisLed m EM:
TP Only one caoues; pouoes Pe=A72
pous e sith side bans Ft=AC TiCBF).
2-D=
Te theME aLe MO Side. bands Pt= Ac?7
ENOtR FM
freaueny Spectm of ,
6). SKeth the
indax is \Ess thenl
ohose modutatjon
Bandoidth, total poLoe
and dCÁ VEi
tranAmited Of FM
the reauery Spectom
SKeth idex is yecbes1 than.
yohose moctlction FDuoe91,tran
ond des1ivE 1
Banduoidth, total
mitted
044-01-Q3
detcatvoL He
*Oemodulation FMSO2
of th
cos) Fz¢q ClišCmination

EnENslupe| mLt)
OFM diffeientio-
eetrct09

dcmodulcttos1 is5 basicalty a trecure

*FM It onuMtg the
to amplitude onveito UDaVeat t
-reoucncy vaUiat}on mEM
Omplitu de vasiiatiors t
oput ito the coves1 the
messon

the output. to RO
signa. (udc+R¢ f metct),
Spmtt)= Accos
(9c+KpmCD) (oct tKejm-
siM
SEMCtD= -Ac
Envelope

*These amplitude Va9iiation signal is

ven to envzlope dekectoT
 me dtfeoieted transfe91 functjun et)

HE)d

SFM

ciffeentiato91 EnveloP
detecto91.
* OUtPuttOf diFfernentatre:dt
ENEOpe.

usulncalo.
imitedl CSome pontion
)Uocuul siange is
oPslopeisa5ed). pimn
is diftteut to adjust the
2It
Cand ScondoÖU
oindings OF the

ranatoame1 zlim1n¢Lt the amplitude

3) It does mot Sensitive to
vaiatibnand.output îs
Ony aMplitude vaniation.
4t 1s ineffzcient cis1cLit.
phose Mod) atinn:
CI1C
f his the phase COi
is Voiecl in acuDNlnce Si th 1

fnessac 1aral.
Cl AcCo9 (Oct HD).
AcCos (Anfctt+b).
ACCos (6).
-e afct +*pmtt).
. C(t)= AcCos (anfcb+ Kpmtt).
Whese Kp=phase senitivity.
15 hin the
TF phase of ENCae iqnal
and uice veda
the Kp \Walue is audhigh CpSLSmt)
CCt)= Ac Cos (ST fCt +Kp. Am
Cos (aTfct+ Pp CosOmt)
AC u
Cos (St+fp Cos mt)
Sfm D=Ac
Kp.Am Modulation index|
Bp
*Genenation OfPM
SpMt
mit fferentia- Freauientt
moduula to Moclilato
inoiqna
Ca i e91
519nal
Ou JONUS

totbulatia
Signo

PM
UDODIV ignal
odswyo Come
Ad is pooitvo pM VOaye
itAt is Megtive pm4 UONz(pgs pM. to Co

VOaNZ,
Cosiest

PMWave

modu lation Methods

Puse he cowiien te1S Dt
ts Signat but Consstsa pulse ain
OfpulsES)somepanametei óf'uohich
Cobinous
Cseoiics uoith themessage
accoldarce types Methoda
Vaicd inTheLE Cne threc f
Signal.
 PAMCPulse Amplitude ModtulationD
(pulse todth MOdulation)
NM MOdulction).
PPM (ulse position
Ccoic1
anplitude OF the pulse,is chanain
EeThe Chans.
în acco1dance coith the mesS0ge s
mutiplicatiorn
or SamPing:
*Flat
Stty
tholling
ms PAM
siqg Samplimg
Siqne
Suoitch Disch1ge
SwtcW
CivCuit
Sample and Hold 4)
7lt) Ts

Stt
111111 Ts aTs 3T5

HCt)