To learn more about each damage mode, reference the bearing damage analysis brochure, or contact your local

Timken sales or service representative.

Scoring Fatigue spalling on a cylindrical roller Point Surface Origin (PSO) spalling
Hard particle contamination Contamination bruising Roller-spaced spalling Corrosion on the outer ring race Race deformation from excessive Peeling damage on bearing Roller fracture Peeling
heat generation roller end

Internal cage wear from fine particle Fatigue spalling on ball bearing Geometric Stress Concentration (GSC)
Fine particle contamination contamination Etching and corrosion Advanced corrosion and spalling Complete bearing lockup Rib and roller end scoring inner ring spalling Rollout in bearing outer ring Outer ring subcase fracture
Typical causes include improper cleaning methods, poor oil Typical causes include damaged packaging, improper storage, and Typical causes include improper grease or oil viscosity, low Typical causes include high load, misalignment, and stress Typical causes include excessive load, and/or misalignment,
filtration, or seal wear. worn or damaged seals. flow rate, and high operation temperatures. concentration. and improper mounting procedure.

Foreign Material Corrosion/Etching Inadequate Lubrication Fatigue Spalling Excessive Preload,Overload and Rollout

Irregular roller path caused by Geometric Stress Concentration

deflection (GSC) spalling Cage deformation Roller binding and skewing Localized spalling Marks from high spot on the housing Loose outer ring fit in a wheel hub
Outer ring Fractured inner ring rib Fracture on inner ring
denting

Irregular roller path (180 degree Geometric Stress Concentration (GSC)

opposite of above) spalling on bearing outer ring Broken rib on outer race Roller spaced nicking Bent bridge Deep dent on cage Metal tearing and wear Pinch point Metal contaminant
Typical causes include high load, shaft or housing deflection, Typical causes include improper tool selection (hardened drivers), and Typical causes include improper handling, tools, and procedures. Typical causes include improper machining, grinding, or Typical causes include wrong size and poor form, shaft or
inaccurate housing, or shaft machining. poor handling practices. repair methods. housing stress riser, and inaccurate machining.

Misalignment Handling Damage Cage Damage High Spots and Fitting Practices Improper Fit in Housing or Shafts

False brinell on a shaft where a Spherical roller bearing with

Roller impact damage True metal deformation cylindrical bearing was mounted Electric arc fluting Fluting caused by electric current Roller flats and adhesive wear adhesive wear Roller lock-up
Extreme vibration

Shock loading True brinell on needle bearing drawn Cylindrical roller end with
cup race Wear caused by vibration False brinell on outer race Electric arc pitting Roller with electric arc burns Skidding, raceway surface adhesive wear Bearing stamping lip fracture
Typical causes include rough handling, and shock loads Typical causes include excessive vibration during shipment, or Typical causes include improper electrical grounding of equipment, Typical causes include improper oil film, excess cage friction, and Typical causes include improper tool design, tool positioning,
exceeding the material's limits. when the shaft is stationary. welding damage, or static discharge. gross roller sliding. poor roller alignment, and excessive force.

Brinell and Impact Damage False Brinelling Burns from Electric Current Adhesive Wear Needle Bearing Installation Damage

Timken® is the registered trademark of The Timken Company.

• Never spin a bearing with compressed air. The rollers may be forcefully expelled creating a risk of serious bodily harm.
WARNING • Proper maintenance and handling practices are critical. Failure to follow installation instructions and to maintain proper
lubrication can result in equipment failure, creating a risk of serious bodily harm.
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Printed in U.S.A. 5M 03-09-29 Order No. 7352