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tfesp ecfie sandfth eflo c a
fl ofldbo yw a saft ack edandw a sfl
afterknownftob eS an k ara
peop fle(WPCR e comm end afion s20 ,2003 ). V
fi
j ay an(M ah ad e v an2014 ).
Hum an -w fi
fldfl
fi
tfeconfl ficftfi
son eo tffthem ajo rp rob flem s
tf
a cfingw fi
fldfl
fi
tfecon s er vafiona roundfth ewo rfld(R afiefta fl
.
2013 ;A gr aw a
fle ftafl
.2016 ; IUCN /S SCHum an -W fi
fldfl
fitfeT as k STUDYAREA
Fo rc e2017 ).A shum anpopu flafion sg rowa ftana flarm fing
ra ft
e,ap ro fl
fi
tfer afin gd em andtfo rn aftur aflr e sou r c esfis Gu j ar aftS ftafte
ac comp an fiedb yr ap fidd ep flefiono tfn a fturaflh ab fi
ftaft
s, Gu j ar aftS ft
aftefi
ss fi
ftu aftedon fth ew e sfternco as ftotfInd fia
andfin cr e a s
fin gen c ro a chm en ftfinftop r e vfiou sfl
yw fi
fldo r b eftw e en22 .309425N&72 .136230E .I ftfi
sbound edb y
unfinh abfifteda re as.E xp and fin ghum anpopu flafion sand fth eA r ab fianS eafinfth ew e sft
,b yfth es ftafteo tfR aj as fthan
fthea s so cfiafted finc re as e find em andtfo rn a fturaflr esou rc es finfth eno r fthandno rfthe a sft
,b yM adh y aP r ad e shfinfth e
ac cefler afte sfth ed ep flefiono tfn afturaflh ab fi
fta ft
s,andb r
fin gs e as ftandb yM ah ara sh ft
r afinfth esou fthandsou fthe asft
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hum an sand w fi
fld
fl
fi
tfefin ftoc flos erp ro x
fim fi
fty. Andg fi
v en Th es ftafteh asan finft
e rn afion a
flbound a ryandacommon
fim e,fth fisp ro x
fim fi
ftyftu rn sfin ftoconfl ficft
. Con sequ en ce s bo rd erw fi
fthP a k
fi
sftanonfth eno rfthw esfterntf r
fin g e.
otfhum an -w fi
fldfl
fi
tfeconfl fi
cftc anb ebo fthd fi
r ecft
,fin cfludfin g Gu j ar aftS ft
a ft
eh a sana r eao tf196 ,000 km2 fth aft m ak es
fin
ju r y and d ea fthtf rom en coun ft
e rsw fi
fth d an g erou s tfor5 .98%o tfftheflanda r e ao tffth ecoun ft
r y
. Th es ftaftefis
anfim afl
s,andfind fi
r e cft
,fin cflud fingflo sso tfc rop s,fl
fiv esfto ck adm fin
fisft
r afi v e
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sftr
ficfts
. Th eph y sfi
c a
fl
andd am a gedfin tf
r as ft
ru cftu re. W eshou flda fl
so m enfion tf e aftur eso tffth es ft
afteshow fi v ed fisfin cftftopo gr aph fic
fthaftconfl ficftfi
saftwo -w a ys ftre eft
:ju s fta sp eop fleand zon esb as eduponfth er efl
fi
e tf
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fl
,
prop e rft
ya refin ju r edo rflo s ftfto w fi
fld
fl
fi
tfe,w fi
fld
fl
fi
tfesp ecfies d rafin ag ep aft ern,c fl
fim afi cv ar
fiafion and a grficu fl
fturafl
andfth efi
rh ab fi
ftaft
sa r eo tfcou rs efimp a cft
ed a sw efl
fl d e veflopm en ft
:(1 )no rfth ernGu jar aft
,(2 )c en ft
r aflGu ja raft
,
(no rm afl
fl
y mu chwo r sefth anp eop fleandp rop erfty). Th e (3 )sou fthe rnGu j ar aft
,(4 )S au ra sh ft
r aand(5 )Ku ft
ch( F
fig.
re suflftanftflo sso tfb fiod fi
v er sfi
ftyh asan e gafi v efimp a cfton 1 ).
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afion sa sw efl
fl
,p arficu flarflyo v erfth e Th er afinfi se rr aficfinfth es ft
a ft
e,fth eretfo r ee v ery
flon gft erm . dec ad efth es ftaft
e tf
a c esbo fths e ver ed rou gh ftandflood fing
Hum an - cro cod fi
fl
econfl ficft(HCC )h asb e enr epo rfted fin cond fifion s.Th er a
find en sfi
ft
yd ecr e as esa son eft r a vefl
s
ov er33coun ft
r
fie ssp ann fin gfth eftrop fi
c sandsub ftrop fics, tf romsou fthftono rfth,fth e re tfore mo s fto tffther fi
v er s finfth e
and fth ep rob flem p rob ab flye xfi
s ft
sfin m an y mo r e s ft
aftea r es e ason afl
,e x c ep ftatf ewfl arg erp erenn fiaflrfi
v er s
(L am arqu ee fta fl
.2009 ). Th erew er ee figh ftsp e c
fieso tf fl
fikefth eT ap fi
,N arm ad a,M ahfiandS ab a rm afi.P eop fleo tf
cro cod fi
fl
fian sfimp fl
fi
c aftedfinaft a cksonhum an s,fin c
flud fing fth es ftafted ep endonfth ev fi
fl
fl
a gepond s,ft an ksandfl a rg e
A
fl
fl
figa ftor m fi
s sfi
ssfipp fi
en s
fis, M e
flano su chu s n fig er, w afterr e s er vofirstfo rfth e
fird a
fi
fl
yr equ fi
r em en fttforw after
.
Cro cod y
flu sn fi
floficu s,C .po ro su s,C . mo r efl
efifi,C .a cu ftus, F arm su su afl
flyy fiefld w efl
fl on fl
y wh enfth erefi samp fl
e
C.m findo r en sfis andC .pa flusft
rfis(C afld
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.2005 ; r afintf
afl
fl
.
Cro cB I T E2013 ).
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aftefi ss fi
ftua ft
edfinfth ew e sfterne xften fto tf
Ind fiaandfi shom eftoon eo tffthefl ar ge sftpopu flafion so tf
Mu g g ero rM a rshc ro cod fi
fl
e(C .pa flu s
ftrfi
s)-fth esp e cfi
e s
re spon sfib
fletfo raft a c ksonhum an sw fi
fthfinfth es ftafte
.
Th eflfift
er aftu rer ev e a
flsfth aftV y as(1993 ,2005 ,2010 a,b ,

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finGu
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M
apw
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cafle

F
fi
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ftud
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jar
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:bfio
geo
graph
yandc
fl
fimafi
cdfi
v
fis
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tffthes
ft
aft
e.

METHODS An afl
y sfi
so tfaft ac ks
Ye arand mon ftho tfafta ck s:F rom1960fto2013 ,a
Th eHCCD aft
aw asco fl
flecft
edtf romv arfiou ssou r ce s, ftoft
aflo tf64 Mu gg eraft acksw erer e gfi
sfteredfinfth es ft
afte
fincfludfingP ress,TVandE flec
ftron fi
cm edfia, NGO sand (App end fi
x1 )
,w fi
fthana ver ag eo tf1 .18c rocod fi
fleaft ack s
va r
fiou s go vernm en ft a g en c
fi
e s; tfo r es
ft d ep arftm en ft
, ea chy ear. Th ee a rfl
yHCCr eco rd sw er etfoundfin1960
ho spfift
afland pub fl
fi
ch e afl
fthc en ft
r es,and po fl
fi
c e
. A fl
fl and 1970fin Ahm ed ab ad D fi
sft
rfi
cft
,aft er wh fichfth ere
fthe HCCfin c
fidenft
sw erech eck ed w fi
fthfloc afls
,andfth e wer enotfu rftherfincfid en cesfinfth es ftafteunfi fl1991 .O v e
r
fincfiden fts fi
ft
e sw e rev fi
sfift
ed ,v ficfim s /vfi
cfim ’ sr efl
afiv e s fthen exft23y ears— tf
rom1991fto2013— aflmo sfte ver y
we r efinfter v
fiew eda flongw fi
fthr eflev an fttfo
r e sftofi c
fia
fls. ye araft a cksh av eb e enr eco rd edfinfth es ft
afte
. On flyfthe
Aft emp ft
sw e
r em ad eftound e
rs ft
andandfin ft
e rpre ftfthe ye ars1992 ,2000 ,2001and2002h adnoHCC fincfidenft
s
s
fiftuafionsu rround fingfth es efin cfiden ft
s. C ro csu r ve y re cord ed( Ffi
g.2 )
. Th ehfigh esftfincfiden ftso tfHCC w er e
andh abfi
ftaftan afl
ysfi
sw asc arrfi
edou ftfinanda roundfth e ob ser v edfinfth ey ea r2011 w fi
fth12aft a cks,fin c
fludfing
floc afions fi
ftesotfHCC . e
figh fttfaft
aflandtfou rnon -
tfafta
fl
. Th eaft a ckso tf Mu ggers
A
fl
flfth e HCCfin tfo
rm afionco fl
fle cft
ed ,fin cfludfingd aft
e, wer eno ft
ed fina fl
fl mon fth
s,e x cep ftfthe mon ftho tfJanu ary
.
floc afion ,g eo -
coo rd fin
aftes,ft ypeo tf w aft
erbod y,vficfim ’ s Num erou saft acksw er enofi c edfinfth e mon fthso tfAp r
fi
fl
ag e,c asfte
,g end e
randa ccfidenftfim eanda cfivfifi
e sw a s ftoS ep ftemb e
r,andh figh e
sftnumb e ro tfaft ack sw asno ft
ed
an aflyzedu sfingM SE x
cefl
. Th ed a ft
aw e
r ep floft edona finfth e mon ftho tf M ayw fi
fth14fin c
fid en ceso tfaft acks,
mapfin o rd erftoco rre
flaftefth eflo c afion o tffincfiden ft
s esp e c
fiafl
fl
yfinfth ep r e-mon soon .
a
flon g w fi
fth fth e mu gg er popu flafion . Th ep r es en ft F aftaflandnon -tfa ft
afl:W fi
fth
fina54 - ye arsp an ,afto ft
aflotf
upd afted fintfo
rm afiononHCCa flon gw fi
fthp rfiorpub fl
fi
sh ed 64c ro cod fi
fl
eaft ac kso ccurr edfinfth es ft
afte,o tfwh fich33
fintform afiontf romfl fi
fte
ra ftureonHCC w asg aftheredand wer etf aft
afland31w e r enon -tfafta
flbu ft12 .90%o tfvficfims
re vfiew ed . aresutf erfingtfromp erm an enftd fi
s abfi
fl
fi
ft
y. Afto ft
aflotf44
aft acks(24tf aft
afland20non -tf
aftafl
)w er er e cord edon
maflesand20aft ac k sontf em afles(9tf a ft
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F
fi
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ear
-wfi
se Mu
gge
raft
ack
sfinGu
jar
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ft
aft
e.

T
abfle1
.Re
gfion
-wfi
se Mu
gge
rCro
cod
yflu
spa
flu
sft
r
fi
saft
ack
sno
ft
edfinGu
jar
aft
,Ind
fi
a(1960
–2013
)

R
egfion No
rfth Cen
ft
rafl Sou
fth S
aur
ash
ft
ra Ku
ft
ch T
oft
a
fl

A M
afl
eNon
-tf
aft
a
fl 1 14 0 4 2 21

B M
afl
eFa
ft
afl 2 20 0 0 1 23

C T
oft
a
flAft
ackon M
afl
e(A
+B) 3 34 0 4 3 44

D F
ema
fl
eNon
-tf
aft
a
fl 0 10 0 1 0 11

F F
ema
fl
eFa
ft
afl 1 8 0 0 0 9

G T
oft
a
flAft
ackonF
ema
fl
e(D
+F) 1 18 0 1 0 20

T
oft
a
flo
tfAft
ack
s(C
+D) 4 52 0 5 3 64

tf
aft
afl
),show fing fthes eaft acksftob ebfiased ftow a
rd sm a
fles
. basfina re a
,o tfwh fi
ch27aft ackv fi
cfim sw erem a
fleandfth e
Re g
fion s:Th eh fi
gh esftnumb erso tfHCC fin
cfiden ft
sw ere rem afin
fing14 w er etf
em a
fl
es. Th fi
sw astfofl
flow edb y11
reco rded finc en ft
raflGu jaraftwfi
fth52aft ac ksfincfludfing28 aftac ksfinfth eR fi
v erba s
fina r easo tfN a
rm ad a,finc
fludfing
tf
aft
afland24non -tfaft
afl
.Th es econdh fi
gh e sftw asr eco rd ed sev en m aflevfi
cfim sandtfou rtfem a
fle
sv fi
cfim s
. Bo fthfth e
fin S aura sh ft
rar egfion w fi
fth fi
v e aft ac ks, andflow esft r
fi
v erb asfina reasa reap arftotfcenft
r a
flGuj ara ft
.
numb e
ro tfcro cod fi
fl
eaft ac ksw asr ecord edfinfth eKu ftch Acfivfi
fty and HCC: Mu g ger aft a
c kso c curred on
are aw fi
fthfth r eeaft acks. Noc ro codfi
fl
eaft ack sw ere hum an s wh fi
fl
efth eyw e reen g agedfinv a
rfiou sa cfi
vfifi
es,
reco rded finsou fth ernGu jar a
ft(Tabfl
e1 ). e
fi
ftherd fi
r ecft
flyfin w a
ft
e rbod fi
e so ronfth eed g eo tffthe
Habfi
ftaftandHCC: Afto ft
aflotf68.75%(44 )o tfaft a cks waft
e rbod fi
es( Tabfl
e2 )
. W ash fingfi
sfthea cfivfi
fty mo sfta ft
occu rredfinflow fingw aft
er(no ft
eda sr fiv er
fineh ab fi
ft
aft
) r
fi
s ko tfaft ack,w fi
fth15aft ack sr ecord ed
.Th fis fi
stfo
fl
flow ed
and 31 .25%(20 ) aft acksfins ft
a gnan ft
-w aft
ers- varfious byc ro ssfingw afterbod fi
esw fi
fth13aft acks,andb afth
fing
pond s,v fi
fl
fla geftan ksandfl akesfinfth es ftaft
e.O tfafto fta
fl w
fi
fth 11 aft ac k
s.H e
rdfingfl
fiv es
ftock and fi sh fing bo fth
otf41aft a ck s
,33o ccu r
r edfinVfi
shw am fi
ft
rfi
-Dh adh arR fiver reco rd ede fighftaft a
ck s
,andfth erew er etfou raft ack s

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Hum
an-Mu
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rconfl
fi
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finGu
jar
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as&S
ft
even
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T
abfle2
. Mu
gge
rCro
cod
yflu
spa
flu
sft
r
fi
saft
ack
sanda
cfi
v
fifie
sotfv
fi
cfim
s,Gu
jar
aft
,
Ind
fi
a(1960
–2013
)

Toft
afl
s
A
cfi
v
fift
y ftM
afle F
ema
fle
aft
ac k
s
A B C D E F
To
ft
afl
s To
ft
afl
s Inbofthsex
es
F
aft
a
fl Non
-tf
aft
a
fl F
aft
a
fl Non
-tf
aft
a
fl %
(A+B) (D+E) (C+ F
)
1 W
ash
fin
g 1 0 1 4 7 11 15 23
.43

2 B
afth
fin
g 4 6 10 0 0 0 11 17
.18

3 C
ros
sfin
g 4 2 6 1 1 2 13 20
.31

4 F
fi
shfin
g 4 3 7 0 0 0 8 12
.5

5 G
raz
fin
g 5 2 7 0 0 0 8 12
.5

6 P
fl
ayfin
g 2 2 4 0 0 0 4 6
.25

7 S
andCo
fl
fl
. 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1
.56

8 W
aft
erCo
fl
fl
. 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1
.56

9 Pump
fin
g 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1
.56

10 S
fl
eep
fin
g 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1
.56

11 W
aft
chfin
g 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1
.56

T
oft
a
fls 22 17 39 6 8 14 64

60 flo
fi
fterfing
,s fleep fingonfth eb an ksandw afterpump fing.
50 A geg roup s:Th ed aft
ashow sfthaftafl
fla geg roup sa r eaft
r
fisko tf mu gg eraft ac ks,tf
rom9 -y ear-ofldsfto64 - ye a
r-o fld
s
40 (T abfle3 ). Th eg end er-w fi
s ec aftego ryandc ro caft ac k
s
30 findfi
c aft
efth a ft m afl
ev fi
cfima g e sr an gedtf romn finey e ars
fto52y e ars,wh fi
fletfem afl
ev fi
cfima gesr an gedtf romn fine
20 ye arsfto64y e ars.Th eh figh e sftp erc enftageo tfvfi
cfim s( aft
10 35.93% )b eflon g edftofth e21 –30y e ara g eg roup .
Nu fi
san cean fim aflftrapp fing: Th erew e
r es fi
xc as es
0 wh er efth ecu flp
rfi
ft Mu g ge rs/p rob abflecu flp
rfi
ft Mu g ger s
2004 20052006 2007 2008 20092010 2011 2012 2013
F
fi
gure3.Durfin
gfl
asftdecadev a
rfiou
ssfi
zed Mu
gge
rsr
escuedtf
rom we reft rapp edtf roms fixd fitfe ren ftflocafions fi
ftes. Aft e r
V
adod a
raCfi
ft
y,Gujaraft
,Indfi
a se r
fiou saft ac ksonhum an s,fth efloc a
fl
sd em and edfth e
remo v a
flo tffth es ean fim afl
s. Th eretfor efth es ftaft
etfo re s
ft
dep a rftm enftftrapp edfth e sean fim a
fl
sw fi
fthftheh eflpo tfzoo
T
abfle3
.Thed
aft
aotf Mu
gge
raft
ack
sanda
geg
roupr
efl
afion
,Gu
jar
aft
S
ft
aft
e sftatfandvo flun ft
e erstfrom floc a
flNGO s( T abfl
e4 )
.Infth r ee
ca sesfth es eflar ge,ftrapp edmu gg ersw er ek ep ft
finfthezoo
A
g egroupo
tf T
ofta
fl
sotf
v
fi
cfim
M
afle F
ema
fle
bo
fthse x
es
% andno ftrefl
e as edb ac kfinftofth ew fi
fld.Bu ft
finfthe fl
a ft
erfthr ee
A
geupfto10 4 1 5 7
.81 ca sestf romfth eflo cafions fi
fteso tfT ran j(M aft
a r,Kh ed a
A
ge11fto20 8 3 11 17
.18
D
fisft
rfi
cft
),Kod ar va ya(W aghod fi
a,V adod ar aD fi
sft
rfic
fts
)and
A
ge21
–30 18 5 23 35
.93
Jambu va(V adod araC fi
ft
y),fth eftr app edan fim afl
sw ere
refleas edb ac kfin ftofth ew fi
flda ftP arfi
aj,Kh ed a(1 )and
A
ge31
–40 8 4 12 18
.75
Na rm ad aD am(2 ),r esp ecfi v e
fly.
A
ge41
–50 4 3 7 10
.93

A
geabo
ve50 2 4 6 9
.77

T
oft
a
fls 44 20 64 CONC
LUS
IONS

Aftoft
a
flotf64HCCfin cfid
enft
sw erer eco rded w fi
fth
fin
re cordedonchfi
fldrenandbo yswh fi
fl
s
ftp
fl
ayfingaftfth
eed e a54
g -y earsp an,ana verageo tf1.18c ro codfi
fleaft a cks
otffth
ew aft
er.S fin
gufl
arfin
cfid
en ft
sw er
er e corded wh fie p
fl erye arfinfth
esft
afte
. Th fi
ss eem squ fi
ft
en eg
fl
fi
g
fibfl
efin
fthevfi
cfim
sw e
r efinvo
fl
vedfins andandw afte
rco fl
fl
ecfion, m
agn
fi
ftudeandc er
ft
afin
fl
yfl
esss e
rfiou
sfthano fthe
rw fi
fld
fl
fi
tf
e-

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er2017|9
(12
):11016
–11024
Hum
an-Mu
gge
rconfl
fi
c ft
finGu
jar
aft Vy
as&S
ft
even
son

T
abfle4
.Lfi
s
ftandde
ft
afi
fl
sotfcu
flp
rfi
ft
s’ Mu
gge
rft
rapp
fin
gtf
romv
arfiou
sHCCs
fi
ft
esfinGu
jar
aft
,Ind
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soa sftoa vo fidn e gafiv econ sequ en c es. Th es ep rob flem RE
FERENCES
anfim a
fl
sm fi
gh ftr efturno rc re aft
ep rob fl
em sa ftfther efle a se
Agr aw afl
,P .K .,R .B a
fldev,A .S findhu ,S .Ve r ghe se,S .Ke s av an &A .
s
fift
e.Th em a
fin fi
ssu e fi
sfth a
ftw eh av enow ayo tfknow fin g Gup ft
a(2016 ).Human -w fi
fld
fl
fi
tfeconfl fi
cft
. Cu rr enftS cfi
enc e 111 (10 ):
fthe mo v em en ft
s,su rvfi
v afl
,o rconfl fi
cftcon s equ en c eso tf 1581 –1582 .
fthe sean fim afl
s. And au,P .,L .Ambu &T .T subou chfi(2004 ).Ind fi
c afiono tfcro cod fi
fle
r eco v eryandm an ag em en ft
fimp fl
ficafion sfinc ro codfi
flecon s er vafion fin
Th efincr e as efinHCC finfthe fl
asfttf
ewy e ars;e sp ecfi
afl
flyfin Sab ah.C ro codfi
fl
es:P roce edfing so tffthe17fth Wo rkfing M e efingo tffthe
Cen ftraflGu ja raftfi
sa fl
soc au sedb yfth es ca rcfi
ftytfood s tfac ed IUCN - SSCC rocod fi
fl
eSp ec
fiafl
fi
sftG roup . May24 –29 ,2004 ,D arw fin
,N T,
byfth esp e c
fie s
,e sp ecfi
afl
fl
yfinfth eflow ers ft
re ama r ea so tf Au sft
r afl
fia
.G fl
and ,Sw fi
ft
zerfl
and :IUCN .
Cafld
ficoft ,D .,G .E.C rose r
,C .M ano fl
fis,G . Webb&A .B rfifton(2005 ).
R
fiv erV fi
shw am fi
ft
rfi
-Dh adh ar and fth ed ev eflopm en ftafl Cro cod fi
fleaft ac kfinAu sft
r a
fl
fia:anan aflysfi
so tffi
ft
sfinc
fid enc eandr evfiew
re gfion o tf N a rm ad aC an afl N eftwo r k( afl
softh erefi sa otffthep afthoflogyandm an a gem en ftotfcro cod fi
fl
fi
anaft acks fing en erafl
.
go v ernm enftpo fl
ficyfth aftafl
flw afte
rbod fiesb econn ecft
edfto Wfi
fld ern essandEn v
fi
ronm enftafl M ed fi
cfine 16 :143 –159 .
Cro cBI T E(2013 ).Th e Wo rfldwfid eC ro codfi
fl
fian Afta c k Da ftaba se.B fig
fth
fisc an a
fln eftwo r k
). Th fisflar gec an afln eftwo r kp ro vfide s G ec ko,D arw fin
,a cce ssed15fth Au gu s ft2017 .
tfore as y mo v em en fto tf mu g gerstfo rm figr afiontf romon e D
fickm an,A .J.&L .H a z
z ah (2016 ). M y fthsandm an -e aft
ers:comp flex
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wa ft
erbod yftoano fthe r
. Th erea r es e v erafle xamp fles otfhum an -wfi
fld
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cft
,pp .339 –356 .In :An gefl
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,F .M .( ed .)
Prob flemafi cW fi
fldfl
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tfe.Sp rfing er In ft
e rn afion a
flPub fl
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wh er efth esub - adu fl
ft mu g ger sw er eab s en fttfromfth e 592pp .
wa ft
erbod yfinfth er ec enftp a sftdu efto m figrafionfth rou gh G
flas gow ,V .L.(1991 ).ASo cfia
flH fi
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11022 Jou
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(12
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–11024
Hum
an-Mu
gge
rconfl
fi
c ft
finGu
jar
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as&S
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even
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Append
fi
x1.De
ft
afi
fl
sotf Mu
gge
raft
ack
finGu
jar
aftS
ft
aft
e
, Ind
fi
atf
rom1960
–2013

D
aft
e F
aft
a
flo
rNon
-tf
aft
a
fl Se
x A
ge A
cfi
v
fift
y Lo
cafion Sou
rce/V
fi
cfimde
ft
afi
fl
s
1 08 M
ay1960 F
aft
a
fl M 15 B
afth
fin
g K
ank
arfi
ya -
2 28Ap
r1970 F
aft
a
fl M 12 S
fl
eep
fin
g Ch
aflod
a,Dho
fl
aka -
3 M
ay1991 F
aft
a
fl M 32 H
erd
fin
ggr
azfin
g Rud
ram
aft
a L
afi
tfS
fid
akfiSum
ra
4 12M
ay1991 F
aft
a
fl M 10 B
afth
fin
g Dund
efl
av S
anfi
fl
aflSo
fl
ank
fi
5 M
ay1993 Non
-Fa
ft
afl M 30 H
erd
fin
ggr
azfin
g Rud
ram
aft
a V
fi
jy kun
ar
,1997
6 M
ay1994 Non
-Fa
ft
afl M 25 B
afth
fin
g Fod
afl
a V
fi
ja y
kum
ar
,1997
7 M
ar1995 Non
-Fa
ft
afl M 31 B
afth
fin
g Rud
ram
aft
a V
fi
ja y
kum
ar
,1997
8 12Ju
fl1995 Non
-Fa
ft
afl M 42 F
fi
shfin
g V
arkh
ad-N
arm
ada N
and
fl
a
flV
.Sad
arfi
ya
9 05D
ec1995 Non
-Fa
ft
afl M 9 P
fl
y
fin
g P
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afth
fth
a-V
fi
shv
amfi
ft
r
fi F
fi
roj
Ibr
ahfim
10 M
ar1996 Non
-Fa
ft
afl M 28 B
afth
fin
g Fod
afl
a V
fi
ja y
kum
ar
,1997
11 M
ay1996 F
aft
a
fl M 12 P
fl
y
fin
g Fod
afl
a R
aba
rfiN
afth
aramSon
12 31Ju
fl1997 Non
-Fa
ft
afl M 25 P
fl
y
fin
g M
and
vas
,Sfino
r S
anfi
fl
aflV
asa
va
13 01 M
ay1998 Non
-Fa
ft
afl F 30 W
ash
fin
g Th
fi
kar
fi
ya-mub
ark -
14 05Ju
fl1998 F
aft
a
fl M 35 F
fi
shfin
g K
arj
and
am -
15 01Au
g1998 F
aft
a
fl M 10 H
erd
fin
ggr
azfin
g Su
rwad
a,dh
adh
ar -
16 Ap
r1999 Non
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ft
afl M 40 H
erd
fin
ggr
azfin
g Go
fth
aft
ad,B
arad
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voG
fib
an
17 Ap
r2003 F
aft
a
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fi
shfin
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ama
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18 M
ay2004 Non
-Fa
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ros
sfin
g Th
fi
kar
fi
ya-mub
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19 07No
v2004 F
aft
a
fl M 28 B
afth
fin
g D
aye
k,N
arm
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am T
ada
vfiCh
amp
akB
.
20 15No
v2004 F
aft
a
fl F 60 W
ash
fin
g D
aye
k,N
arm
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am T
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vfiU
kard
fiB
.
21 F
eb2005 Non
-Fa
ft
afl M 40 F
fi
shfin
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fi
,vfi
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ft
r
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afthodJ
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ft
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IUCN /S SC Hum an -W fi
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IUCN /S SC (2013 ). Gu fid efl
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rodu cfion s and O fthe r (Pub fl
fi
sh edR epo rft
)
Con s ervafionT ran sflocafion s
.V ersfion1 .0.G fland,Sw fi
ftz erfl
and :IUCN Vyas,R .(2010b ).Mu gg er(Cro cod yfluspa flusft
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Sp ecfiesSu r vfi
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fi
fi
fi+57pp . around V adod araC fi
ft
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fianJou rnaflo tf
Lam arque ,L .,J . Ande rson ,R .Fe r gus son , M .L ag ran ge,Y .O sefi
- He rp eftoflog y17 (1 ):43 –50 .
Owu su&L .B a kke r(2009) .Hum an -wfi
fldfl
fi
tf
econfl ficftfinA tf
rficaC au s es
, Vyas,R .(2012 ). Cu rr enfts ft
aftuso tf M arsh C ro cod fi
flesC ro cod yflus
con s equ en cesand m an a gem enfts ft
rafte g
fies.FAOP ap e r157 ,Food paflu sft
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fift
y,Gu j araft
,Ind fi
a.Jou rna flotfTh r eaften edTa xa4 (14 ):3333 –3341 ;
Mah ade v an,T .M .P.(2014 ). San ka ra cha rya .7 fth
Edfifion,N afion aflBoo k hftp ://do fi
.o rg/10 .11609 /Jo TT.o2977 .3333 -41
Tru sft
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r
fis)
Moh ap aft
ra,B .,D .A .W a rre fl
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fle Con tfer en ce.P ro ce edfingo tffth e 22nd Wo r k
fin g
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fleSp e c
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Trop fi
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ro v ersfi
afld ams fi
ftenow Mu g g erconfl ficft
Ra
fi
,R .,R . Ch ak rabo rfty &P . Sh resfth a(2013 ). Ch a
fl
flen ge stfo r s
fift
e.C SGN ew sfleft er27 (2 ):28 –30 .
con s er vafionand fl
fi
v efl
fihoods e cu rfi
ft
yfinS fi
k k
fimandD a r
j e efl
fing. Ind fian Vyas, R &S . Bh aft(2004 ). Th e Mu gg er( Cro cod yflus pa flusft
r
fis)
Moun ft
afinIn fifi
afi ve,Su s ft
afinab fle Moun ftafinD e ve
flopm en ftSumm fi
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Ma y25 –26 ,2013 . Vadod a raC fi
ft
y.C SGN ew sfl
eft er23 (3):6 –9.
S
fidefleau ,B .M . &A .R .C .B rfifton(2013 ). Anan a
flysfiso tfc ro cod fi
fl
fian Vyas,R&S .R .Bh a v sar(2009 ). Mo v em enftotfan findfi
vfidu a
flmu g gerfinfto
afta cks wo r
fldw fid etfo rfth ep erfiod o tf 2008 –2013 , pp . 110 –113 . urb ana r ea so tfV adod ar aC fi
fty
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a.C SGN ew sfl
eft er
In: Wo rfldC ro cod fi
fleCon tfer en ce.P ro c e edfin go tffth e22 nd
Wo r kfin
g 28(3 )
:5 –7 .
Me efin go tffth eIUCN - SSCC ro cod fi
fleSp e cfi
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fi
s ftG roup ,IUCN ,G fl
and Vyas,R .,K .Up adh a ya y&P .P aftefl
(2012 ).S fi
ghfin go tf Mu gg erC ro cod fi
fle
Sw fi
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r
fi
s) a ft W adh a van aw a
fterr es ervo fi
r,D abho fi
,
V
fi
ja ykum a r,V .(1997 ).E v afluafiono tfresfto ck edmu g g erc ro codfi
flesand Vadod a ra.C SGN ew s
flefter31 (1 ):13 –15 .
fi
ft
sfimp fl
fi
c afionfinflon g-ftermcon s erv afionand m an a g em enfto tffthe Wh
fi
ftake r,N .(2008 ). Su r ve yo tfhum an -cro cod fi
fleconfl fi
cftfinGu j ar aft
sp ecfiesfinGu j ar aft
,Ind fia,Gu j ara ftInsfiftufteo tfD es erftE co flogy,Bhu j
- andR aja sfthan :T rfi
aflotfconfl fi
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gafionedu cafion m afterfia
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sand
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fi
sh edR epo rft
). tfurfth erfintform afiononconfl ficft
s,UNDP /G EF /SGPP roje cft
,M adr as
Vya s,R .(1993 ).R e cen ftc a s eso tfm an -e afin gb yfth eMu g g er (C rocod yflus Cro cod fi
fleB an k,30pp .(Unpub fl
fish edr epo rft
).
puflusft
rfi
s) finGu j araftS ftafte.Hamad ryad 18 :48 –49 . Wood rotfe ,R .,S .Th fi
rgood & A .R abfinow fift
z(2005 ). P eop fl
eand
Vya s,R .(2005 ).R ec en ftno ftabflefincfiden c eso tfconfl fi
cftb eftw e enmu g g e
r W
fi
fldfl
fi
tf
e:Confl fi
c fto rCo exfi
sftenc e ? Th eZoo flogfic a
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ftyo tfLondon ,
andhum an sfinGu j ar aft
.C SGN ew sflefter24 (2 ):7 –8 . Camb rfidg eUn fi
v ersfi
ft
yP r e ss,UK ,496pp .
Vya s,R .(2008 ). Wh yMu g g ers(C ro cod y
fluspa flusftr
fi
s)a r e tfounda ftsom e WPCre commend afion20(2003 ). P re venfin g& m fifi
gafin ghum an -
otfw afterbod fieso tfGu j ar aftSftafte?C SGN ew sflefter27 (1 ):14 –16 . w
fi
fldfl
fi
tfeconfl fi
cfts. IUCN -Wo rfldP arkCon gr ess.

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SSN0974
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December2017|V o
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:10985 –11104
Da
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DOI
:10.11609/joft.2017 .9
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www .fth
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Pp.11060–11066

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