Scientific Research Course 2023-2024 Instructor: An Le

HANDOUT 1
Read the research design below. Fill in the blank using the given words

Research topic Methodology Methods Qualitative Method Epistemology

Quantitative Qualitative Ontology Quantitative Mixed-Method
Approach Approach Method Approach

Research Design: Perceptions of Online Learning During the COVID-19 Pandemic

1. Research topic
Investigating the perceived benefits and challenges of online learning among juniors during the COVID-19
pandemic.

2. Ontology
- Question: What is the nature of juniors' experiences with online learning during the pandemic?
- Assumption: Online learning experiences are shaped by both objective realities and individual perceptions.

3. Epistemology
- Question: How can we know and understand juniors' perceptions of online learning?
- Assumption: Combining quantitative data (numerical) and qualitative data (insights) will provide a
comprehensive understanding of their perceptions.

4. Methodology ( quy định bởi 2,3) world views

- Approach: Mixed-Method Research
- Rationale: To gain a thorough understanding of the benefits and challenges of online learning by
integrating quantitative and qualitative data.

5. Method
a. Quantitative approach : Survey giống methodology
- Instrument: Questionnaire with closed-ended questions
- Purpose: To collect numerical data on juniors' perceptions of online learning.
- Example Questions:
- "On a scale of 1-5, how effective do you find online learning compared to traditional classroom
learning?"
- "How many hours per week do you spend on online learning?"

b. Qualitative approach : Interviews

- Instrument: Semi-structured interview guide
- Purpose: To collect detailed insights and personal experiences about the benefits and challenges of online
learning.
- Example Questions:
- "Can you describe any challenges you have faced with online learning?"
- "What do you think are the main benefits of online learning during the pandemic?"

c. Quantitative Method
- Data Collection: Distribute the survey to a sample of juniors.
- Data Analysis: Use statistical methods to analyze the survey responses and identify common trends.

d. Qualitative Method ( nhỏ hơn approach)

Scientific Research Course 2023-2024 Instructor: An Le

- Data Collection: Conduct in-depth interviews with a subset of survey respondents.

- Data Analysis: Use thematic analysis to identify key themes and insights from the interview data.

e. Mixed-method approach

- Integration: Combine the quantitative data from the surveys with the qualitative insights from the
interviews to provide a comprehensive analysis of the benefits and challenges of online learning.
- Triangulation: Use the qualitative data to explain and provide context for the quantitative findings,
ensuring a robust understanding of juniors' perceptions.

Based on the provided research design, identify the key terms and their applications:

1. What is the nature of juniors' experiences with online learning during the pandemic?
Ontology
2. How can we know and understand juniors' perceptions of online learning?
2. Làm thế nào chúng ta có thể biết và hiểu được nhận thức của học sinh lớp dưới về việc học trực tuyến?
Epistemology
3. What approach is being used to gain a comprehensive understanding of the research question?
Phương thức nào tìm đc
Qualitative approach
4. What specific techniques are used to collect data in this research design? In depth
Method
5. How is numerical data collected and analyzed?
Quantitative method

6. How are detailed insights and personal experiences collected and analyzed?
6. Những hiểu biết chi tiết và kinh nghiệm cá nhân được thu thập và phân tích như thế nào?
Qualitative method

7. How are the quantitative and qualitative data integrated to provide a comprehensive analysis?
Mixed- method approach.

Approach: term lớn hơn + method, + rationale ( why?)

Method: tool để sd để collect data