THE CAREER HEIGHTS

8.REDOX REACTIONS

Single Correct Answer Type 1) +1,+3,+7 2) +7,+7,+3

1. Which conversion is an oxidation? [Manipal 3) +7,+7,+7 4) +7,+5,+3
2003] 11. The oxidation number of chromium in
1) SO2−
4 ⟶ SO3
2−
2) Cu2+ ⟶ Cu potassium dichromate is [BCECE 2007]
3) H ⟶ H
+
4) H − ⟶ H 1) +2 2) +4
2. Which of the following reaction involves 3) +6 4) +8
oxidation and reduction? [WB JEE 2006] 12. Reaction of Br2 with Na2 CO3 in aqueous
NaBr + HCl HBr +AgNO3 ⟶ solution gives sodium bromide and sodium
1) 2)
⟶ NaCl + HBr AgBr + HNO3 bromate with evolution of CO2 gas. The
Na O + H2 SO4 number of sodium bromide molecules involved
3) H2 + Br2 ⟶ 2HBr 4) 2
⟶ Na2 SO4 + H2 O in the balanced chemical equation is [IIT JEE
3. The oxidation state of chromium in the final 2011]
product formed by the reaction between KI 1) 1 2) 3
and acidified potassium dichromate solution is 3) 5 4) 7
[AIEEE 2005] 13. How many electrons are involved in oxidation
1) +3 2) +2 of KMnO4 in basic medium? [OJEE 2003]
3) +6 4) +4 1) 1 2) 2
4. The oxidation state shown by silicon when it 3) 5 4) 3
combines with strongly electropositive metals 14. 𝑎K 2 Cr2 O7 + 𝑏KCl + 𝑐H2 SO4
is [MHT CET 2004] ⟶ 𝑥CrO2 Cl2 + 𝑦KHSO4
1) −2 2) −4 + 𝑧H2 O.
3) +4 4) +2 The above equation balances when [Kerala
5. In which of the following compounds, the CEE 2004]
oxidation number of iodine is fractional? 𝑎= 2, b = 4, c = 6 𝑎 = 4, 𝑏 = 2, 𝑐 = 6
[BCECE 2006] 1) and 𝑥 = 2, 𝑦 = 6, 𝑧 = 2) and 𝑥 = 6, 𝑦 = 2, 𝑧 =
1) IF3 2) IF5 3 3
−
3) I3 4) IF7 𝑎 = 6, 𝑏 = 4, 𝑐 = 2 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = 4, 𝑐 = 6
6. The oxidation state of I in IPO4 is [OJEE 2005] 3) and 𝑥 = 6, 𝑦 = 3, 𝑧 = 4) and 𝑥 = 2, 𝑦 = 6, 𝑧 =
1) +1 2) +3 2 3
3) +5 4) +7 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = 6, 𝑐 = 4
7. Mn can be converted into Mn7+ by reacting
2+ 5) and 𝑥 = 6, 𝑦 = 2, 𝑧 =
with [UP SEE 2003] 3
1) SO2 2) Cl2 15. In permonosulphuric acid (H2 SO5 ), the
3) PbO2 4) SnCl2 oxidation number of sulphur is [AMU 2003]
8. In which of the following reactions, hydrogen 1) +8 2) +4
is acting as an oxidising agent? [BCECE 2003] 3) +5 4) +6
1) With Li to form LiH 2) With I2 to give HI 16. The oxidation state of Cr in chromium trioxide
3) With S to give H2 S 4) None of the above is [J&K CET 2007]
9. In the compounds KMnO4 and K 2 Cr2 O7 , the 1) +3 2) +4
highest oxidation state is of the element 3) +5 4) +6
[Manipal 2003] 17. In the ionic equation,
1) Mn 2) K BiO− +
3 + 6H + 𝑥𝑒 ⟶ Bi
− 3+
+ 3H2 O
3) O 4) Cr The values of 𝑥 is [KCET 2007]
10. The oxidation states of iodine in 1) 6 2) 2
HIO4 , H3 IO5and H5 IO6 are respectively [UP 3) 4 4) 3
SEE 2006] 18. The oxidation number of Xe in XeF4 and XeO2

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 is [MP PET 2003] 3) 3 4) 2
1) +6 2) +4 5) 1
3) +1 4) +3 28. Oxidation state of chromium
19. Oxidation number of S in [BCECE 2005]
1) +6 2) +3
3) +2 4) −2
20. State the oxidation number of carbonyl carbon
in methanal and methanoic acid respectively [OJEE 2008]
[Guj CET 2010] 1) +10 2) +6
1) 0 and 0 2) 0 and +2 3) +3 4) +2
3) +1 and +2 4) +1 and +3 29. Cerric ammonium sulphate and potassium
21. When K 2 Cr2 O7 is converted into K 2 CrO4 , the permanganate are used as oxidising agents in
change in oxidation number of chromium is acidic medium for oxidation of ferrous
[Jamia Millia Islamia 2006] ammonium sulphate to ferric sulpahte. The
1) 0 2) 5 ratio of number of moles of cerric ammonium
3) 7 4) 9 sulphate required per mole of ferrous
22. During a redox titration involving a solution ammonium sulphate to the number of moles of
containing Fe2+ ions against MnO− 4 in the
KMnO4 required per mole of ferrous
presence of excess of H + ions, the number of ammonium sulphate, is [DCE 2010]
electrons that gets transferred is [J&K CET 1) 5.0 2) 0.2
2008] 3) 0.6 4) 2.0
1) 6 2) 5 30. In the conversion of Br2 to BrO− 3 , the oxidation
3) 4 4) 2 number of Br changes from [Jamia Millia
23. The oxidation number of xenon in XeOF2 is Islamia 2008]
[J&K CET 2005] 1) Zero to +5 2) +1 to +5
1) Zero 2) 2 3) Zero to −3 4) +2 to +5
3) 4 4) 3 31. Oxidation state of oxygen in H2 O2 is [OJEE
24. Which of the following acts as an oxidising as 2004]
well as reducing agent? [Manipal 2005] 1) −1 2) +2
1) Na2 O 2) Na2 O2 1
3) + 4) −2
3) NaNO3 4) NaNO2 2
25. Which one of the following reaction is possible 32. The reaction,
at anode? [Jamia Millia Islamia 2005] Ag +2 (𝑎q) + Ag(𝑠) ⇌ 2Ag + (aq)
1 is an example of [Manipal 2004]
2H + + O2 + 2e− 1) Reduction 2) Oxidation
1) F2 + 2e− ⟶ 2F − 2) 2
⟶ H2 O 3) Disproportionation 4) None of these
2Cr 3+ + 7H2 O 33. For the reaction,NH3 + OCl− ⟶ N2 H4 + Cl−
3) ⟶ Cr2 O2−7 + 14H
+ 4) Fe2+ ⟶ Fe3+ + e− occurring in basic medium, the coefficient of
+ 6e− N2 H4 in the balanced equation will be [RPET
26. The oxidation state of two sulphur atoms in 2010]
H2 S2 O8 [OJEE 2009] 1) 1 2) 2
1) −6 2) −2 3) 3 4) 4
3) +6 4) −4 34. Among NH3 , HNO3, NaN3 and Mg 3 N2 ; the
27. In acid medium Zn reduces nitrate ion to NH4+ number of molecules having nitrogen in
ion according to the reaction negative oxidation state is [UP SEE 2008]
Zn + NO3 Zn2+ + NH4+ + H2 O (unbalanced) 1) 1 2) 2
How many moles of HCl are required to teduce 3) 3 4) 4
half a mole of NaNO3 completely? Assume the 35. In the reaction [Kerala CEE 2011]
availability of sufficient Zn. [Kerala CEE H Sis an acid and H S is a base and
1) 2 2) 2
2009] H2 O2 is a base H2 O2 is an acid
1) 5 2) 4 3) H2 S is an oxidising 4) H2 S is a reducing
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 agent and H2 O2 is a agent and H2 O2 is an reaction reaction
reducing agent oxidising agent 3) Double- 4) Pyrolytic reaction
H O is hydrolysed to decomposition
5) 2
S reaction
36. The oxidation state of Fe in Fe3O4 is [Manipal 45. What is the oxidation state of P in [Manipal
2010] 2005]
1) +3 2) 8/3 1) +1 2) +2
3) +6 4) +2 3) +3 4) −1
37. Oxidation state of sulphur in Na2 S2 O3 and 46. Oxidation number of ‘N’ in N3 H(hydrazoic
[DCE 2006] acid) is
1) 4 and 6 2) 3 and 5 1
1) − 2) +3
3) 2 and 2.5 4) 6 and 6 3
38. In the equation , 3) 0 4) −3
CrO24 + SO23 Cr(OH)4 + SO24 47. The oxidation number of Cr in K 2 CrO4 is [MP
the oxidation number of Cr changes from PET 2004]
[UP SEE 2008] 1) +3 2) −6
1) 6 to 4 2) 6 to 3 3) +6 4) −3
3) 8 to 4 4) 4 to 3 48. In which of the following reactions, chlorine
39. Which quantities are conserved in all acts as an oxidising agent?
oxidation-reduction reactions? [UP SEE 2009] (i)CH3 CH2 OH + Cl2 CH3 CHO + HCl
1) Charge only 2) Mass only (ii)
3) Both charge and 4) Neither charge nor (iii)CH4 + Cl2h
mass mass The correct answer is [BITSAT 2008,AMU
40. In the reaction, SO2 + 2H2 S ⟶ 3S + 2H2 O, the 2008]
substance oxidised is [JCECE 2010] 1) (i) only 2) (ii) only
1) H2 S 2) SO2 3) (i) and (iii) 4) (i),(ii) and (iii)
3) S 4) H2 O 49. The reaction,
41. Which of the following chemical reactions Ag 2+ (a𝑞) + Ag(𝑠) ⇌ 2Ag + (𝑎q)
depicts the oxidising behaviour of H2 SO4 ? is an example of [BCECE 2003]
[AIEEE 2006] 1) Reduction 2) Oxidation
2HI + H2 SO4 Ca(OH)2 + H2 SO4 3) Comproportionation 4) Disproportionation
1) 2) 50. The value of ′𝑛′ in the reaction
⟶ I2 + SO2 + 2H2 O ⟶ CaSO4 + 2H2 O
2PCl5 + H2 SO4 Cr2 O2− +
7 + 14H + 𝑛Fe
2+
NaCl + H2 SO4 ⟶ 2Cr 3+ + 𝑛Fe3+ + 7H 2 O
3) 4) ⟶ 2POCl3 + 2HCl
⟶ NaHSO4 + HCl will be [MP PET 2008]
+ SO2 Cl2
42. Oxidation states of the metal in the minerals 1) 2 2) 3
haematite and magnetite, respectively, are 3) 6 4) 7
[IIT JEE 2011] 51. Which of the following is a redox reaction?
1) II, III in haematite 2) II, III in haematite [Jamia Millia Islamia 2005]
and III in magnetite and II in magnetite NaCl + KNO3 CaC2 O4 + 2HCl
1) 2)
3) II in haematite and 4) III in haematite and ⟶ NaNO3 + KCl ⟶ CaCl2 + H2 C2 O4
II, III in magnetite II, III in magnetite Ca(OH)2 + 2NH4 Cl 2K[Ag(CN)2 ] + Zn
43. The oxidation number of oxygen in KO3 , Na2 O2 3) ⟶ CaCl2 + 2NH3 4) ⟶ 2Ag
is [VITEEE 2008] + 2H2 O + K 2 [Zn(CN)4 ]
1) 3,2 2) 1,0 52. Of the following reactions, only one is a redox
3) 0,1 4) −0.33,−1 reaction. Identify this reaction. [J&K CET
44. The reaction, 2003]
P4 + 3NaOH + 3H2 O ⟶ 3NaH2 PO2 + PH3 Ca(OH)2 + 2HCl 2S O2− + 2H O
1) 2) 2 7 2− 2 +
is an example of [OJEE 2008] ⟶ CaCl2 + 2H2 O ⟶ 2SO4 + 4H
1) Disproportionation 2) Neutralisation

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 Cu2 S + 2FeO ⟶ 2Cu If one mole of MnO4 oxidises 2.5 moles of 𝑀 𝑥+
BaCl2 + MgSO4
3) 4) + 2Fe then the value of 𝑥 is [Kerala CEE 2009]
⟶ BaSO4 + MgCl2
+ SO2 1) 5 2) 3
53. Sulphur in +3 oxidation state is present in 3) 4 4) 2
[DCE 2003] 5) 1
1) Sulphurous acid 2) Pyrosulphuric acid 63. Manganese acts as strongest oxidising agent in
3) Dithionous acid 4) Thiosulphuric acid the oxidation state [MP PET 2003]
54. Which is the best description of behaviour of 1) +7 2) +2
bromine in the reaction given below? 3) +4 4) +5
H2 O + Br2 ⟶ HBr + HOBr [Manipal 2007] 64. The oxidation state of sulphur in sodium
1) Proton accepted 2) Both oxidised and tetrathionate (Na2 S4 O6) is [J&K CET 2008]
only reduced 1) 2 2) 0
3) Oxidised only 4) Reduced only 3) 2.5 4) 3.5
55. For redox reaction, 65. Arrange the following as increase in oxidation
MnO− 2− +
4 + C2 O4 + H ⟶ Mn
2+
+ CO2 + H2 O number
coefficient of reactants in balanced states are (i)Mn2+ (ii)
MnO− 2−
4 C2 O4 [MP PET 2003] (iii) KMnO4 (iv) K 2 MnO4 [BCECE 2004]
1) 2 5 16 2) 16 5 2 1) (i)>(ii)>(iii)>(iv) 2) (i)<(ii)<(iv)<(iii)
3) 5 16 2 4) 2 16 5 3) (ii)<(iii)<(i)<(iv) 4) (iii)>(i)>(iv)>(ii)
56. Oxidation number of sulphur in Caro’s acid is 66. MnO− 4 is a good oxidising agent in different
[WB JEE 2007] medium changing to
1) +6 2) +4 MnO− 4 ⟶ Mn
2+

3) +8 4) +7
57. The number of moles of KMnO4 reduced by
one mole of KI in alkaline medium is [BCECE
2008] Changes in oxidation number respectively are
1) 1 2) 5 [Jamia Millia Islamia 2005]
3) ½ 4) 1/5 1) 1,3,4,5 2) 5,4,3,2
58. What is the oxidation number of chlorine in 3) 5,1,3,4 4) 2,6,4,3
ClO− 3 ? [OJEE 2003] 67. In which of the following oxygen shows −1
1) +5 2) +3 oxidation state? [MP PET 2003]
3) +4 4) +2 1) H2 O2 2) CO2
59. One mole of acidified K 2 Cr2 O7 on reaction 3) H2 O 4) OF2
with excess KI will liberate………mole(s) of 68. White phosphorus reacts with caustic soda, the
[Kerala CEE 2006] products are PH3 and NaH2 PO2 . This reaction
1) 6 2) 1 is an example of [DCE 2003]
3) 7 4) 2 1) Oxidation 2) Reduction
5) 3 3) Disproportionation 4) Neutralisation
60. Oxidation states of 𝑋, 𝑌, 𝑍 are +2, +5 and −2 69. In which of the following, the oxidation
respectively. Formula of the compound formed number of oxygen has been arranged in
by these wii be [DCE 2007] increasing order? [Kerala CEE 2008]
1) 𝑋2 𝑌𝑍6 2) 𝑋𝑌2 𝑍6 OF < KO2 < BaO2 BaO2 < KO2 < O3
1) 2 2)
3) 𝑋𝑌5 4) 𝑋3 𝑌𝑍4 < O3 < OF2
61. When sulphur dioxide is passed in an acidified BaO2 < O3 < OF2 4) None of these
3)
K 2 Cr2 O7 solution, the oxidation state of < KO2
sulphur is changed from [KCET 2008] 70. The difference in the oxidation numbers of the
1) 4 to 0 2) 4 to 2 two types of sulphur atoms in Na2 S4 O6 is [IIT
3) 4 to 6 4) 6 to 4 JEE 2011]
62. In the following reaction 1) 4 2) 5
1 3) 6 4) 7
𝑀 𝑥+ + MnO4 𝑀O3 + Mn2+ + O2 ,
2
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71. Oxidation number of nitrogen is highest in 82. In the reaction, SO2 + 2H2 S → 3S + 2H2 O the
[J&K CET 2003] substance that oxidizes is,
1) N3 H 2) N2 O4 1) H2 S 2) SO2
3) NH2 OH 4) NH3 3) S 4) H2 O
72. Which one of the following reactions involves 83. The oxidation number of N and Cl in NOClO4
disproportionation? [Kerala CEE 2008] respectively are
2H2 SO4 As2 O3 1) +2 and +7 2) +3 and +7
1) + Cu CuSO2) 4 + 3H2 S As2 S3 3) −3 and +5 4) +2 and −7
+ 2H2 O + SO2 + 3H2 O 84. In the following reaction, 4P + 3KOH +
2KOH Ca3 P2 3H2 O → 3KH2 PO2 + PH3
3) + Cl2 KCl4) + 6H2 O 3Ca(OH)2 1) P is only oxidized 2) P is only reduced
+ KOCl + H2 O + 2PH3 3) P is both oxidized as 4) None of the above
4NH3 + 3O2 2N2 well as reduced
5)
+ 6H2 O
73. Which of the following acts as an oxidizing Assertion - Reasoning Type
agent?
1) HNO3 2) Cl2 This section contain(s) 6 question(s) numbered 85
3) FeCl3 4) All of these to 90. Each question containsSTATEMENT
74. The value of 𝑛 in MnO− + − 1(Assertion) and STATEMENT 2(Reason). Each
4 + 8H + 𝑛𝑒 →
Mn2+ + 4H2 O is question has the 4 choices (1), (2), (3) and (4) out
1) 5 2) 4 of which ONLY ONE is correct.
3) 2 4) 3 1) Statement 1 is True, Statement 2 is True;
75. The number of electrons lost or gained during Statement 2 is correct explanation for Statement
the change Fe + H2 O → Fe3 O4 + H2 is 1
1) 2 2) 4 2) Statement 1 is True, Statement 2 is True;
3) 6 4) 8 Statement 2 is not correct explanation for
76. Which of the following is not a redox reaction? Statement 1
1) 2Na + Cl2 → 2NaCl 2) C + O2 → CO2 3) Statement 1 is True, Statement 2 is False
AgNO3 + NaCl Zn + H2 SO4 → ZnSO4 4) Statement 1 is False, Statement 2 is True
3) 4) 85
→ AgCl + NaNO3 + H2
77. In the reaction, H2 O2 + Na2 CO3 → Na2 O2 + Statement 1: Nitrous acid may acts as an
CO2 + H2 O the substance undergoing oxidation oxidizing agent as well as
is reducing agnet.
1) H2 O2 2) Na2 CO3 Statement 2: The oxidation number of
3) Na2 O2 4) None of these nitrogen remains same in all
78. The oxidation number of Cr in CrO5 is the compounds.
1) +3 2) +5 86
3) +6 4) 0
79. The coefficients of I − , IO− +
3 and H in the redox Statement 1: Bromide ion is serving as a
reaction, I − + IO− +
3 + H → I2 + H2 O in the reducing agent in a reaction.
balanced form respectively are Statement 2: Oxidation number of Br
1) 5, 1, 6 2) 1, 5, 6 increases from -1 to5.
3) 6, 1, 5 4) 5, 6, 1 87
80. Which of the following acts as both an
oxidizing as well as reducing agent? Statement 1: Change in colour of acidic
1) HNO3 2) HNO2 solution of potassium
3) HI 4) H2 SO4 dichromate by breath is used
81. Oxidation number of P in HP2 O− to test drunk drivers.
7 ion is
1) +5 2) +6 Statement 2: Change in colour is due to the
3) +7 4) +3 complexation of alcohol with
potassium dichromate.

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88
Statement 1: Both oxygen atom in O2 or O3
has an oxidation number of -
2.
Statement 2: Oxygen is assigned an
oxidation number -2 in
almost all their compounds.
89
Statement 1: Oxidation number of Ni in is
zero.
Statement 2: Nickel is bonded to neutral
ligand carbonyl.
90
Statement 1: Mg(s)+F2(s)→MgF2(s):
Magnesium loses electrons
and acts as a reducing agnet.
Statement 2: Reduction in general means
acceptance of electrons by a
reactant.
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 8.REDOX REACTIONS

: ANSWER KEY :
1) 4 2) 3 3) 1 4) 2 49) 3 50) 3 51) 4 52) 4
5) 3 6) 2 7) 3 8) 1 53) 3 54) 2 55) 1 56) 1
9) 1 10) 3 11) 3 12) 3 57) 1 58) 1 59) 5 60) 2
13) 1 14) 4 15) 4 16) 1 61) 3 62) 2 63) 1 64) 3
17) 2 18) 2 19) 1 20) 2 65) 2 66) 3 67) 1 68) 3
21) 1 22) 2 23) 3 24) 4 69) 2 70) 2 71) 2 72) 3
25) 4 26) 3 27) 1 28) 2 73) 4 74) 1 75) 4 76) 3
29) 1 30) 1 31) 1 32) 4 77) 4 78) 3 79) 1 80) 2
33) 1 34) 3 35) 4 36) 2 81) 2 82) 1 83) 2 84) 3
37) 3 38) 2 39) 1 40) 1 85) 3 86) 1 87) 3 88) 4
41) 1 42) 4 43) 4 44) 1 89) 1 90) 1
45) 1 46) 1 47) 3 48) 4

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 8.REDOX REACTIONS

: HINTS AND SOLUTIONS :

Single Correct Answer Type Mn has +7 oxidation state in KMnO4 .
1 (4) 1 + 𝑥 + 4(−2) = 0
Loss of an electron or increase in oxidation 1+𝑥−8=0
number is oxidation process. 𝑥 = +7
𝑖. 𝑒., H− ⟶ H + 𝑒 − 10 (3)
2 (3) The oxidation state of iodine inHIO4 is + 7 as
1 + 𝑥 + 4(−2) = 0
𝑥 = +7
The oxidation state of iodine in H3 IO5 is +7 as
3+𝑥 + 5(−2) = 0
𝑥 = +7
The oxidation state of iodine in H5 IO6 is +7 as
Only this reaction involves oxidation and 5+𝑥 + 6(−2) = 0
reduction. 𝑥 = +7
3 (1) 11 (3)
Cr2 O2− +
7 + 14H + 6I ⟶ 2Cr
− 3+
+ 7H2 O + 3I2 Let the oxidation number of Cr be 𝑥
Cr2 O2−
7 is reduced toCr .
3+
∴ For K 2 Cr2 O7
Thus, final state of Cr is +3. Hence, (a) +1 × 2 + 2𝑥 + 7(−2) = 0
4 (2) 2 + 2𝑥 − 14 = 0
Si has 4 electrons in its valence shell. When it 2𝑥 = 12
reacts with strongly electropositive metal like Na, 𝑥=6
Mg, K etc., it gives 4 electrons and its oxidation 12 (3)
state in this case is −4. Br2 is disproportionated in basic medium as
5 (3) 3Br2 + 3Na2 CO3 ⟶ 5NaBr + NaBrO3 + 3CO2
Oxidation number of iodine in given species is as 13 (1)
follows In basic medium
O.N. of iodine in IF3 =+3 2KMnO4 + 2KOH ⟶ 2K 2 MnO4 + H2 O + O
1
O.N. of iodine in I3− = − 3 Net reaction is +7 +6
− −2
O.N. of iodine in IF5 =+5 MnO4 ⟶ MnO4
O.N. of iodine in IF7 = +7 Change in oxidation number
6 (2) =7−6 = +1
Let oxidation state of I in IPO4 = ′𝑥 ′ . So, electrons involved =1𝑒 −
𝑥 + (−3) = 0 14 (4)
3−
(PO4 ion has charge equal to − 3) 𝑎K 2 Cr2 O7 + 𝑏KCl + 𝑐H2 SO4
𝑥 = +3 ⟶ 𝑥CrO2 Cl2 + 𝑦KHSO4 + 𝑧H2 O
1 4 6 2 6
7 (3)
3
2MnCl2 + 5PbO2 + 6HNO3
⟶ 2HMnO4 + 2PbCl2 15 (4)
+ 3Pb(NO3 )2 + 2H2 O Permonosulphuric acid (H2 SO5 ) has two oxygen
8 (1) atoms in peroxide linkage, hence,
0 +1 -1
2(+1) + 𝑥 + 2(−1) + 3(−2) = 0
Li + H2 ⟶ 2LiH 2+𝑥−2−6 = 0
Oxidation number of hydrogen is decreasing from 𝑥=+6
0 to −1. So, H2 is acting as oxidising agent in this 16 (1)
reaction. Oxidation state of Cr in Cr2 O3 is
9 (1) Cr2 O3 ,

8
 2𝑥 + (−2)3 = 0 Let the oxidation number of Xe is 𝑥 in XeOF2 .
2𝑥 − 6 = 0 𝑥 + (−2) + 2(−1) = 0
2𝑥 = 6 𝑥−2−2=0
𝑥 = +3 𝑥 = +4
17 (2) 24 (4)
BiO− +
3 + 6H + 2𝑒 ⟶ Bi
− 3+
+ 3H2 O NaNO2 (Sodium nitrite) acts both as oxidising as
𝑥=2 well as reducing agent because in it N-atom is in
18 (2) +3 oxidation state (intermediate oxidation state).
The oxidation state of Xe in both Oxidising property
XeO2 and XeF4 is 4. 2NaNO2 + 2KI + 2H2 SO4
XeO2 XeF4 ⟶ Na2 SO4 + K 2 SO4 + 2NO
𝑥 + 2(−2) = 0𝑥 + 4(−1) = 0 + 2H2 O + I2
𝑥 = 4𝑥 = 4 Reducing property
19 (1) H2 O2 + NaNO2 ⟶ NaNO3 + H2 O
The sum of oxidation states of all elements in an 25 (4)
ion is equal to charge on it. Oxidation takes place at anode (c) is not feasible,
Let the oxidation state of S in SO2−4 =𝑥 𝑖. 𝑒. , Cr 3+ is not oxidised to Cr2 O72− under given
∴ 𝑥 + (−2 × 4) = −2 conditions. Hence, option (d) is correct.
Or 𝑥 = +6 26 (3)
20 (2) The chemical structure of H2 S2 O8 is as follows
Let the oxidation number of carbonyl carbon in O O
methanal (HCHO) and methanoic acid (HCOOH) is || ||
𝑥 and 𝑦 is respectively. H−o−s−o−o−s−o−H
In HCHO, || ||
2(+1) + 𝑥 + (−2) = 0 O O
2+𝑥 − 2 = 0 2 × (+1) + 2 × 𝑥 + 6 × (−2) + 2 × (−1) = 0
𝑥=0 for H for S for O for O −O

In HCOOH, +2+2𝑥 − 12 − 2 = 0
2(+1) + 𝑦 + 2(−2) = 0 2𝑥 = +12
2+𝑦 − 4 = 0 𝑥 = +6
𝑦=2 27 (1)
21 (1) ∴ 4Zn + NO− +
3 + 10H ⟶ 4Zn
2+
+ NH4+ +
Let oxidation state of Cr in K 2 Cr2 O7 = 𝑥 3H2 O(Net equation)
(+1 × 2) + 2𝑥 + (−2 × 7) = 0 4Zn + NO− 3 + 10HCl
or +2 + 2𝑥 − 14 = 0 ⟶ 4Zn2+ + NH4+ + 5Cl2 + 3H2 O
∴ 𝑥 = +6 −
∵ 1 mole of NO3 (0r NaNO3 ) is reduced by
Let oxidation state of Cr in K 2 CrO4 = 𝑥 =10 moles of HCl
+1 × 2 + 𝑥 + (−2 × 4) = 0 1
∴ mole of No−
3 will be reduced by
2
2+𝑥 − 8 = 0 1
= 10 × 2moles of HCl
𝑥=6
∴ Change in oxidation state of Cr is zero when it = 5 moles of HCl
changes from 28 (2)
K 2 Cr2 O7 to K 2 CrO4.
22 (2)
MnO− +
4 + 8H + 5𝑒 ⟶ Mn
− 2+
+ 4H2 O
[Fe ⟶ Fe + 𝑒 − ]5
2+ 3+

MnO− +
4 + 8H + 5Fe
2+
⟶ Mn2+ + 5Fe3+ + 4H2 O It is chromium peroxide.
∴ Five electrons gets transferred. Let the oxidation number of Cr is ′′𝑥 ′′ .
23 (3) Cr 𝑥+ + O−
2 +O
2−
+ O−
2 − CrO5
𝑥 + (−1)2 + (−1)2 + (−2)1 = 0

9
 𝑥−6=0 Hence, three molecules
𝑥 = +6 (𝑖. 𝑒. , NH3 , NaN3 , Mg 3 N2 ) have negative oxidation
Hence, the oxidation state of Cr is +6. state.
29 (1) 35 (4)
Fe2+ + Ce4+ ⟶ Fe3+ + Ce3+
5Fe2+ + MnO− +
4 + 8H ⟶ 5Fe
3+
+ Mn2+ + 4H2 O
Moles of cerric ammonium sulphate 1
∴ =
Moles of potassium permanganate 1/5
= 5.0
30 (1) H2 S – Oxidation, Reducing agent.
Bromine has zero oxidation state because it is in H2 O2 − Reduction, Oxidising agent.
free state. 36 (2)
0 Let the oxidation state of Fe in Fe3 O4 =𝑥
Br2 ⟶ BrO− 3 ∴ 3𝑥 + 4 × (−2) = 0
Let the oxidation number of Br in BrO− 3 is 𝑥. Or 3𝑥 − 8 = 0
𝑥 + (−2 × 3) = −1 8
∴ 𝑥=
𝑥 + (−6) = −1 3
𝑥 = +6 − 1 37 (3)
𝑥 = +5 Na2 S2 O3 ,
So, oxidation number changes from 0 to +5. 2(+1) + 2𝑥 + 3(−2) = 0
31 (1) 2 + 2𝑥 − 6 = 0
Oxidation state of oxygen in H2 O2 is −1. −1 is the 𝑥 = +2
intermediate oxidation state of oxygen. Na2 S4 O6
32 (4) 2(+1) + 4(𝑥) + 6(−2) = 0
2 + 4𝑥 − 12 = 0
4𝑥 = +10
𝑥 = +2.5
38 (2)
CrO2− 2−
4 + SO3 ⟶ Cr(OH)4 + SO4
− 2−

Let the oxidation number of Cr is 𝑥 in CrO2−

4
𝑥 + 4(−2) = −2
Hence, those reactions in which two or more 𝑥 =6
species undergo oxidation as well as reduction and in Cr(OH)− 4 the oxidation number of Cr is 𝑦
are called comproportionation. 𝑦 + 4(−2) + 4(1) = −1
33 (1) 𝑦 − 8 + 4 = −1
2NH3 + OCl− ⟶ N2 H4 + Cl− + H2 O 𝑦=3
34 (3) Hence, oxidation number of Cr changes from +6
The oxidation state of N in NH3 is to +3.
𝑥 + 3(+1) = 0 39 (1)
𝑥 = −3 Oxidation involves loss of electrons and reduction
The oxidation state of N in HNO3 is involves gain of electrons, hence in case of
1 + 𝑥 + 3(−2) = 0 oxidation-reduction reactions(redox
𝑥=5 reactions)charge remains conserved
The oxidation state in N in NaN3 is 40 (1)
+1 + 3𝑥 = 0
𝑥 = −1/3
The oxidation state of N in Mg 3 N2 is
3(2) + 2𝑥 = 0
6 + 2𝑥 = 0 ∴ H2 S is oxidised in this reaction.
𝑥 = −3 41 (1)

10
 -1 +6 0 +4 𝑥 = +6
2HI + H2 SO4 ⟶ I2 +SO2 + 2H2 O 48 (4)
H2 SO4 − Reduced to ⟶ SO2 In a reaction, the reagent, which is reduced or
oxidising remove hydrogen from the other reactant
agent (reagent), is termed as oxidising agent.
42 (4)
Haematite is Fe2 O3 , in which oxidation number of
iron is III.
Magnetite is Fe3 O4 which is infact a mixed oxide
(FeO. Fe2 O3 . ), hence iron is present in both II and
III oxidation state.
43 (4)
𝐊𝐎𝟑 𝐍𝐚𝟐 𝐎𝟐
Suppose O.N. of O = 𝑥 suppose
O.N. of O = 𝑥
+1 + 3𝑥 = 02 × 1 + 2𝑥 = 0
3𝑥 = −12 + 2𝑥 = 0
1
𝑥 = − 2𝑥 = −2
3
2
𝑥 = −0.33𝑥 = −
2
𝑥 = −1
44 (1) Hence, in all of the above reactions, chlorine acts
Reduction (oxidation number decreases) as an oxidising agent.
49 (3)
The reaction, in which two or more species
undergo reduction as well as oxidation to give a
Oxidation (oxidation number is increases) single species are called comproportionation
The reactions in which the same substance reaction. This is reverse of disproportionation
undergoes oxidation as well as reduction, are reaction.
called disproportionation reactions. Ag 2+ (𝑎𝑞) + Ag(𝑠) ⇌ 2Ag + (𝑎𝑞)
So, the above reaction is an example of 50 (3)
disproportionation reaction. Cr2 O2− +
7 + 14H + 𝑛Fe
2+

45 (1) ⟶ 2Cr 3+ + 𝑛Fe3+ + 7H2 O

Let oxidation state of P in Ba(H2 PO2 )2 is 𝑥, then Cr2 O2− +
7 + 14H + 6𝑒 ⟶ 2Cr
− 3+
+
2(+1) + 2[2(+1) + 𝑥 + 2(−2)] = 0 7H2 O(reduction)...(i)
2 + 2(2 + 𝑥 − 4) = 0
Fe2+ ⟶ Fe3+ + e− (oxidation)…(ii)
2 + 4 + 2𝑥 − 8 = 0
Eq.(ii)is multiplied by 6
2 + 2𝑥 − 4 = 0
6Fe2+ ⟶ 6Fe3+ + 6e−
2𝑥 = 2
Thus, balanced equation is
𝑥 = +1
Cr2 O2− +
7 + 14H + 6Fe
2+
46 (1)
⟶ 2Cr 3+ + 6Fe3+ + 7H2 O
N3 H (hydrazoic acid)
Hence, the value of ‘𝑛’ is 6.
+3(𝑥) + 1 = 0
51 (4)
3𝑥 + 1 = 0
1 2K[Ag(CN)2 ] + Zn → 2Ag + K 2 [Zn(CN)4 ]
𝑥=−
3
47 (3)
Let the oxidation number of Cr in K 2 CrO4 is 𝑥.
2(+1) + 𝑥 + 4(−2) = 0
2+𝑥−8=0 52 (4)

11
 So, coefficients of
MnO− 2− +
4 , C2 O4 and H are 2,5, and 16 respectively.
56 (1)
Caro’s acid is H2 SO5 . It has a peroxide linkage so,
oxidation state of S is

In this reaction Cu and Fe undergo reduction

while sulphur undergoes oxidation. Hence, this is
a redox reaction. Let the oxidation state of S is 𝑥.
53 (3) H2 SO5 (one peroxide bond)
1. Sulphurous acid H2 SO3 +2 + 𝑥 + 3(−2) + 1(−2) = 0
2+𝑥−6−2 = 0
2 + 𝑥 + (−2 × 3) = 0 𝑥−6 =0
𝑥=6
𝑥−4=0 57 (1)
In alkaline medium
∴ 𝑥=4
+7 +6

2. Pyrosulphuric acid (H2 S2 O7 ) KMnO4 + OH − ⟶ K 2 MnO4

Change in oxidation number
2 + 2𝑥 + (−2 × 7) = 0 = 7−6
= 1
or 2𝑥 = 12
Hence, moles of KI = moles of KMnO4 .
∴= 6 58 (1)
Oxidation number of Cl in ClO− 3.
3. Thiosulphuric acid (H2 S2 O3 ) ClO3 = −1
𝑥 + 3(−2) = −1
2 + 2𝑥 + (−2 × 3) = 0
𝑥 = +6 − 1
or2𝑥 = 4 𝑥 = +5
59 (5)
𝑥=2 Cr2 O2− + − 3+
7 + 14H + 6𝑒 ⟶ 2Cr + 7H2 O
− −
(2I ⟶ I2 + 2𝑒 ) × 3
4. Dithionous acid (H2 S2 O4 ) 2−
Cr2 O7 + 14H + + 6I − ⟶ 2Cr 3+ + 7H2 O + 3I2
2 + 2𝑥 + (−2 × 4) = 0 Hence, number of moles of I2 produced =3
60 (2)
2𝑥 = 6 The sum of the oxidation states is always zero in
∴ 𝑥 =3 neutral compound.
The oxidation state of 𝑋, 𝑌, and 𝑍 are +2, +5 and
54 (2) −2 respectively.
5. In 𝑋2 𝑌𝑍6
In reaction 0 +1 -1
H2 O + Br2 ⟶ HOBr + HBr 2 × 2 + 5 + 6(−2) ≠ 0
The oxidation number of bromine increases from 6. In𝑋𝑌2 𝑍6
0 to +1 and decreases from 0 to −1, so due to this
reason bromine is both oxidised as well as 2 + 5 × 2 + 6(−2) = 0
reduced in the above reaction.
55 (1) 7. In 𝑋𝑌5
Following is balanced redox reaction. 2+5× 5 ≠ 0
2MnO− 2−
4 + 5C2 O4 + 16H
+

⟶ 2Mn2+ + 10CO2 + 8H2 O

12
 8. In 𝑋3 𝑌𝑍4 ∴ 𝑥 = +6

3 × 2 + 5 + 4(−2) ≠ 0 ∴ Increasing order of oxidation states is

Hence, the formula of the compound is 𝑋𝑌2 𝑍6 . (i) < (ii) < (iv) < (𝑖𝑖𝑖)

61 (3) 66 (3)
Acidified K 2 Cr2 O7 solution oxidises SO2 into MnO− 4 = Mn = +7
Cr2 (SO4 )3 . MnO2−4 = Mn = +6
+4 +6 MnO2 = Mn = +4
3SO2 + K 2 Cr2 O7 + H2 SO4 Mn2 O3 = Mn = +3
⟶ K 2 SO4 + Cr2 (SO4 )3 + H2 O Hence, changes in oxidation number are 5,1,3,4.
Hence, oxidation state of sulphur changes from 67 (1)
+4 to +6. Oxygen shows −1 oxidation state in H2 O2 .
62 (2) 2(+1) + 2𝑥 = 0
2𝑥 = −2
𝑥 = −1
68 (3)
∵ In this reaction phosphorus is simultaneously
oxidised and reduced.
∴ It is disproportionation reation.
0 + -3
𝑥+2 = 5
P4 + 3NaOH + 3H2 O ⟶ 3NaH2 PO2 + PH3
∴ 𝑥 = 5 − 2 = +3
69 (2)
63 (1)
Let the oxidation number of oxygen in following
Mn is stronger oxidising agent in +7 oxidation
compounds is 𝑥.
state. 𝑒. g. , KMnO4 .
In OF2
64 (3)
𝑥 + (−1)2 = 0
Let the oxidation state of sulphur in Na2 S4 O6 is 𝑥.
𝑥 = +2
Na2 S4 O6
In KO2
1× 2 + 4 × 𝑥 + (−2) × 6 = 0
+1 + (𝑥 × 2) = 0
2 + 4𝑥 − 12 = 0
2𝑥 = −1
4𝑥 − 10 = 0
1
4𝑥 = 10 𝑥=−
2
10
𝑥= = 2.5 In BaO 2
4 +2 + (𝑥 × 2) = 0
65 (2)
2𝑥 = −2
9. Oxidation state of Mn in Mn2+ = +2
𝑥 = −1
10. Let oxidation state of Mn in MnO2 = 𝑥 In
O3 , oxidation number of oxygen is zero because oxidation n
∴ 𝑥 + (2 × −2) = 0 free state or in any of its allotropic form is always
zero.
∴ 𝑥 =+4
Thus, the increasing order of oxidation number is
(iii) Let the oxidation state of Mn in KMnO4 = 𝑥 BaO2 < KO2 < O3 < OF2
1
−1 − 2 0 +2
∴ +1 + 𝑥 + (−2 × 4) = 0
70 (2)
∴ 𝑥 = +7 Na2 S4 O6 is salt of H2 S4 O6 which has the following
structure
(iv) Let oxidation state of Mn in K 2 MnO4 = 𝑥

∴ (+1 × 2) + 𝑥 + (−2 × 4) = 0

13
 It is a double decomposition reaction
77 (4)

None of the elements changes its oxidation

⇒ Difference in oxidation number of two types of number
sulphur = 5 78 (3)
71 (2)
In N3 H
1
Oxidation number of N = − 𝑖𝑒, it has four peroxide bonds each
3
In N2 𝑂4 Oxidation number of N = +4 having an oxidation number of −1 and one double
In NH2 OH Oxidation number of N = −1 bond in which oxidation number of O is −2
In NH3 Oxidation number of N =−3 Therefore, 𝑥 + 4 × (−1) + 1 × (−2) = 0
Hence, in N2 O4 the oxidation number of nitrogen ∴𝑥 =×6
is highest. 79 (1)
72 (3)
The reactions, in which the same element is
oxidised as well as reduced, are called
disproportionation reactions.

On adding Eq. (i) and (ii), we get

10I − + 2IO−3 → 6I2
To balance O atom, add 6H2 O molecules on RHS
In this reaction, the same element,𝑖𝑒. , Cl2 is and 12H + on LHS, then
oxidised as well as reduced, so it is an example of 10I − + 2IO− +
3 + 12H → 6I2 + 6H2 O
− − +
disproportionation reaction. or 5I + IO3 + 6H → 3I2 + 3H2 O
73 (4) 80 (2)
All these substances can accept electrons and can In HNO2 , the oxidation number of N is + 3 which
decrease their oxidation number and hence, all is less than the maximum possible, oxidation
these act as oxidation agent number 𝑖𝑒, + 5 and more than the minimum
possible oxidation number 𝑖𝑒, −3, therefore, it can
act both as an oxidizing as well as reducing agent
81 (2)
HP2 O−2
7
+ 1 + 2𝑥 − 2 × 7 = −1
𝑥 =+6
82 (1)
74 (1)
MnO− + −
4 + 8H + 5𝑒 → Mn
2+
+ 4H2 O
75 (4)
The oxidation number of S increases from −2 to 0
3Fe → Fe3 O4 + 8𝑒 − oxidation
in elemental sulphur and hence, H2 S gets oxidized
4H2 O + 8𝑒 − → 4H2
83 (2)
Thus, there are lose of 8 electrons in the reaction
Oxidation no. of N in NO+ is
76 (3)
(1 × 𝑥) + 1 × (−2) = + 1
None of elements in reaction (c) undergoes a
∴ 𝑥 =+3
change in oxidation number, therefore reaction
Oxidation no. of Cl inClO−
4 is
(c) is not a redox reaction
(1 × 𝑥) + 4 × (−2) = − 1
𝑥 =+7
84 (3)

14
 and dichromate (orange red) changes to Cr3+
(green).

88 (4)
Each atom in an elemental from is assigned an
Hence, P is both oxidized as well as reduced oxidation number of zero. For example, hydrogen
Assertion - Reasoning Type atom in H2 and oxygen atom in O2 or O3 , carbon in
85 (3) diamond and graphite, all have oxidation number
Oxidation number of N is changed according to equal to zero.
compounds
89 (1)
(-1 to +5) N has five types of oxides as Oxidation number of N CO=0 (zero) as it a neutral
NO2 , NO, N2 O3 , N2 O4 and N2 O5 . All have different ligand.
oxidation states in different compounds.
Oxidation number of Ni in [Ni(CO)4 ] is also zero.
86 (1)
+7 90 (1)
In general, oxidation is the loss of electrons and
2 MnO− −
4 (𝑎𝑞) + Br (𝑎𝑞) + H2 O(𝐼) → the reactant like, magnesium that loses electrons
acts as a reductant or reducing agent.
+4 +5

MnO2 (𝑎𝑞) + BrO− −

3 (𝑎𝑞) + 2OH (𝑎𝑞)

Oxidation number is changes as -1 to + 5 (so loss

of 6𝑒 −).

87 (3)
Potassium dichromate react with alcohol and the
reduction of potassium dichromate takes place

15