Edema & Effusions

Edema is the result

of movement
of fluid from
•

the vasculature into the interstitial

spaces
.

Fluid be Protein Transudate )

may poor ( protein
•
-
or

rich ( Exudate ) .

Edema be caused
can
by :

Increased hydrostatic
i
pressure

Iii , Decreased colloid osmotic pressure

caused
by reduced plasma protein .

Iii , Increased Vascular

(
Permeability
( in
lymphatic obstruction .

a) Nat & lnlater Retention .

°
Disorders that perturb cardiovascular renal hepatic , , or

function are
often marked by Accumulation of fluid
in tissues ( edema ) or
body cavities ( effusions ) .

°
Elevated hydrostatic pressure or diminished colloid

osmotic pressure disrupts the balance and results in

increased movement
of fluid out
of vessels .

• Hittin tissue ,
the result in Edema &
if fluid
accumulate within body cavity ,
it in
effusion .
 Edema .

Table : Path physiologic

.

→
categories of Edema .

Types of
Edemas
Peripheral
:>
Edema :
Affects
and
the
legs feet
.
ankles ,

can also happen in the arms .

Could be
sign of problems with
circulatory system
-

a .

lymph nodes ,
or
kidneys .
Iii, Pedal Edema : Fluid
gathers in
feet & lower
legs .

iii,
lymphedema swelling : in one arm / leg caused
by
a
lymphatic system blockage
caused
•
Most
commonly by lymph node removal

due to cancer treatment

or
damage .

lead to
• Cancer can
itself block lymph nodes &

fluid buildup .
 ( in
Pulmonary Edema : Fluid collects in air sacs in

caused
lungs . 9T in
usually by Heart conditions .

• Other causes includes Pneumonia to certain

,
exposure
elevations
toxins and drugs ,
and
being at
high

in Cerebral Edema :
Very serious condition in which

builds
fluid up in
brain .

•
Cause an increase in Pressure as Intracranial
pressure .

This
typically causes
Impaired Nerve Function
•

A
pressure
within skull .
and can
eventually
direct
compression of brain tissues
lead to 4

blood Vessels .

C
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