Expansion joint

Sealant is a Substance used to block the Passage of fluids through the surface or joints or opening in
materials, a type of mechanical seal. construction Sealant is also serve the purposes of blocking dust
sound and heat transmission.

joint shall be designed with a depth to width ratio 1:2 control the depth of the Sealant by using a
Polyethylene backer rod that is 25% larger than the joint opening at standard temperature.

To prevent threepoint adhesion use a backer rod or bond breaker tape to ensure Proper joint
movement and a longlasting weatherproof seal. or bond

Formwork

1. Inspection and Cleaning:

o Inspect the formwork to confirm that dimensions and locations align with the structural
plans.

o Clean the formwork thoroughly to remove any dust, dirt, or stubborn bits of concrete or
grout. Use a stiff brush for effective cleaning.

2. Release Agent Application:

o For timber formwork and uncoated plywood, apply a release agent to the surface
before storing. This prevents concrete from sticking to the formwork.

o For steel formwork, lightly coat it with oil to prevent corrosion during storage.

3. Damage Assessment and Repair:

o Sort out and repair any damaged formwork components before storing them. Damaged
formwork can compromise the quality of the concrete and concrete slump was
inspected.

Formwork vibration

The congestion situations includes where lateral ties, spacers and regular longitudinal reinforcement
produce a impossible condition to provide usual internal vibration to concrete. This formwork vibration
produce a excellent finishing surface of concrete.

Training Diary Entry - Embankment Construction at Highway Site

Details and Notes of Works Carried Out:

1. Site Preparation and Excavation:

 Cleared the site of vegetation and obstacles to facilitate construction.

  Excavated the ground to reach the desired foundation level for the embankment.

2. Rock Filling Process:

 Filled the excavated area with rocks, using large rocks for the bottom layers, medium-
sized rocks in the middle, and a small layer of ABC (Aggregate Base Course) at the top to
minimize damage to the geotextile.

3. Placement of Geotextile and Soil:

 Placed geotextile on top of the ABC layer to provide additional stability and prevent soil
erosion.

 Soil was then placed on top of the geotextile, sourced from stockpiles and tested for
suitability through laboratory tests.

 Layers of soil, typically 200mm thick, were placed one at a time, with settlement
observed between each layer.

 Field density tests were conducted for each soil layer to ensure proper compaction.

Challenges Encountered:

1. Material Suitability and Testing:

 Ensuring the suitability of materials sourced from stockpiles and conducting laboratory
tests presented challenges in maintaining quality and stability.

2. Settlement Management:

 Managing settlement between soil layers posed challenges in ensuring uniform

compaction and stability throughout the embankment.

3. Construction Schedule and Height Requirements:

 Adhering to the construction schedule while ensuring the embankment reached the
required height presented challenges in efficient resource management and scheduling.

Strategies Used to Address the Above Challenges:

1. Thorough Material Testing and Quality Control:

 Implemented rigorous testing procedures for materials sourced from stockpiles and
conducted regular quality control checks to ensure suitability and stability.

2. Settlement Monitoring and Adjustment:

 Monitored settlement between soil layers closely and adjusted compaction techniques
as needed to achieve uniform density and stability throughout the embankment.

3. Efficient Construction Management:

  Developed efficient scheduling and resource management strategies to meet height
requirements while maintaining quality standards and adhering to the construction
schedule.

New Experiences Gained:

1. Material Testing and Quality Assurance:

 Acquired experience in material testing procedures and quality assurance measures for
embankment construction, enhancing understanding of soil mechanics and engineering
principles.

2. Settlement Management Techniques:

 Learned techniques for managing settlement between soil layers and ensuring uniform
compaction, improving skills in construction monitoring and adjustment.

3. Project Management Skills:

 Developed project management skills through effective scheduling and resource

allocation, contributing to a more organized and efficient construction process.