lOMoARcPSD|41611699

PROJECT WITH EXTRAORDINARY ACOUSTICS:

THE BIG

DOME
ing
Featur
THE smart ARANETA COLISEUM
IN ARANETA CITY, CUBAO, QUEZON CITY, METRO MANILA

The Smart Araneta Coliseum, known as The

Big Dome, is an indoor multi-purpose sports
arena that is part of the Araneta City in the
area of Quezon City, Philippines. It is one of the
largest indoor arenas in Asia, and it is also
one of the largest clear span domes in the
world. The dome measures approximately
108.0 meters making it the largest dome in
Asia from its opening in 1960 until 2001 when it
was surpassed by the Ōita Stadium in Japan
with a dome measuring 274.0 meters.

The Smart Araneta Coliseum is mostly used

for sports such as basketball. It is a main
venue of the Philippine Basketball
Association and for the basketball games
of the National Collegiate Athletic
Association and the University Athletic
Association of the Philippines. The Big Dome is
also used for boxing, cockfighting, local and
international concerts, circuses, religious
gatherings, beauty pageants and more.

the remarkable history

The Big Dome -- as it is commonly referred to -- is the iconic centerpiece of the historic Araneta
City. It is among the first establishments built in Araneta City since the land was purchased by
Don J. Amado Araneta in 1952. The coliseum was Don J. Amado’s bid to give his countrymen something
extraordinary, something spectacular – but within the reach of ordinary Filipinos.

The conceptual design was rendered by Don Araneta, later drawn by Architect Rufino Antonio
and executed by Engineer Dominador Lugtu from 1957 to 1959. Considered as an engineering marvel,
it was the largest indoor arenas in Asia, and the biggest clear span dome with no single post
obstructing anyone’s view of any event being staged.

The Coliseum officially opened on 16 March 1960 with the World Junior Lightweight boxing match
against the American Harold Gomes and Filipino Gabriel "Flash" Elorde. The Coliseum was filled up
to a capacity crowd of 36,000 screaming fans, some of whom occupied the rafters. Elorde beat
Gomes after almost 2 minutes in the 7th of the 15-round bout.

Since then, the Smart Araneta Coliseum has housed a number of memorable sports games, local
and international concerts, religious gatherings, beauty pageants, and other events.

On 1 October 1975, the historic boxing event Thrilla in Manila took

place at the Big Dome, which featured boxing legends Muhammad Ali
and Joe Frazier battled in what is considered the greatest
heavyweight battle of all time.

On 18 February 1981, the Coliseum welcomed Pope John Paul II through a

mass that is among the country’s largest indoor gathering ever. In an
emotional moment, the Pope announced then that, “This place will be
called the Colosseo of Papal Audiences.”

The Big Dome has been considered home of the Philippine Basketball
Association (which played its inaugural game on 9 April 1975) and
Binibining Pilipinas (which was first held on 5 July 1964). It also hosted
collegiate sports tournaments, events for TV shows, and sold-out
concerts for local and international artists.

Through the years, Smart Araneta Coliseum has undergone vital

improvements to provide better viewing experience to its audience. It
underwent a complete overhaul, though no structural interventions
required, in 1999. A giant LED screen nicknamed the “Big Cube” was
installed in 2010 to replace the old scoreboard system. A grand atrium,
made from all steel and glass and surrounded by lush landscaping,
was inaugurated as part of the Big Dome’s transformation in 2012.

Even with other event venues rising near its vicinity, Smart Araneta
Coliseum remains an important and sought-after event place for
artists and organizers. Now, in its 60th year, the Big Dome continues to
offer memorable experiences worth sharing, and remains as an
instrument of entertainment for Filipinos.

arena specifications technical features

ARENA ICE RINK SIZE BASKETBALL FLOOR LOCATION
15,400 square ft. clear 62 ft. x 105 ft. Size: 112 ft x 64 ft. Araneta City, Quezon LAND AREA
area Floor Type: All-Star Plus City 3.6 hectares
ON-SITE PARKING Portable
ARENA AREA 1000 slots (total 7000 Wood Type: U.S. Maple Wood TICKETING AGENCY FLOOR AREA
1,400 sqm. within Araneta City) Manufacturer: Horner TicketNet Inc. 9,660 square meters
Pro-King USA
ACCESS & STAGING AREA DRESSING ROOMS CONSULTANTS DOME
South Gate, Freight & 4 Locker Rooms with ILLUMINATION Denzil E. Skinner CFE Diameter: 354 ft. and 3 in.
Service Shower and 200 Foot Candles International Facility Height: 140 ft.
Toilets; 4 Dormitory Consultant Acoustic
FREIGHT DOORS Type Dressing SOUND P.A. SYSTEM Engineer: Jose Hermano CATWALK/GRID
12 ft. x 12 ft. Rooms with Toilet; 4 Manufacturer: Acoustic Sound Engineer: Martin Height: 70 ft.
Dressing Room Analysis Galan, Acoustic Area: 80 ft. x 180 ft.
STANDARD STAGE Suites Sound System: Array Type Analysis Inc.
size: 32 ft. x 56 ft. JB Tech Sound MAXIMUM LIVE LOAD
height: 4 ft. 4 in. (maximium) OTHER ROOMS BUILDING 74,000 lbs.
1 Press Room COMPUTERIZED SCOREBOARD Dome-type with no post
STAGE GRID 1 TV Press Room Adsystem 4-Sided Center or any kind of
Manufacturer: Mountain 1 Utility Room Hung obstruction at any
Productions, USA 1 Promoter's Room (LED SCREEN SIZE: 4.48 viewing angle of the
Size: 180 ft. x 80 ft. meters x 4.96 meters) P10 audience area
Height: 70 ft. from arena pixels
floor
Load: 74,000 pounds
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floor plan

The Smart Araneta Coliseum is designed in a shape resembling a

dome for several reasons:

Structural Stability: The dome shape provides inherent structural

stability. The curved design allows for an even distribution of forces,
making it more resistant to external loads such as wind or seismic activity.

Acoustic Considerations: The dome shape helps to distribute sound more

evenly throughout the venue. Sound waves reflect off the curved surfaces,
reducing the occurrence of dead spots or areas with uneven sound
coverage. This can contribute to improved acoustics and an enhanced audio
experience for spectators.

Unobstructed Views: The dome shape allows for a large open space without
obstructive pillars or columns, maximizing the number of unobstructed
views for the audience. This design feature is especially important in venues
like the Araneta Coliseum, which is primarily used for sports events and
concerts where spectators need clear sightlines to the stage or playing
area.

Iconic Architecture: The dome shape can give a venue a distinct and
recognizable architectural identity. The Araneta Coliseum's dome design
has become an iconic symbol in the Philippines, representing the venue's
historical and cultural significance.

In Smart Araneta Coliseum, the number of seats available are dictated by the type of event happening on the
venue.

basketball boxing concert center stage

These different number of seats per event changes the amount of

sound absorption and reverberation happening inside the structure.

acoustic features
Sound Absorption: Acoustical features in indoor arenas often include
sound-absorbing materials to reduce reverberation and echo. These
materials can be installed on walls, ceilings, and other surfaces to
minimize sound reflections and improve clarity. Absorptive panels,
baffles, or acoustic treatment systems can be utilized to achieve this.

Diffusion: Diffusive elements may be incorporated to create a more even

distribution of sound throughout the venue. These can be irregularly
shaped surfaces or diffuser panels placed strategically to scatter
sound waves and minimize focused reflections. Diffusion helps to enhance
the clarity and intelligibility of sound within the arena.

Speaker Systems: High-quality speaker systems are essential in arenas to

ensure proper sound reproduction. The Coliseum is equipped with
professional-grade speakers strategically positioned to provide clear
and balanced audio coverage across the seating areas. The design and
arrangement of the speaker systems are crucial to delivering high-
quality sound to the audience.

Acoustic Design: The overall architectural and structural design of the

Araneta Coliseum may have taken acoustics into account. Factors such as
the shape and materials used in construction, as well as the
arrangement of seating and stage areas, can influence the acoustics
within the venue.

Control Rooms: Acoustical considerations are given to control rooms or

mixing booths within the arena. These rooms are designed to provide
accurate monitoring conditions for sound engineers and technicians. The
control rooms allow for adjustments and fine-tuning of the sound
system to ensure optimal sound quality during performances.

Seats - The largest area of sound-absorbinq surface in a performance

hall is the seating. If the seats are made of a sound reflecting material
(wood, vinyl. plastic. etc.), their absorptive properties will change
dramatically when they are occupied.

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acoustic materials used in smart araneta coliseum

acoustic curtains
Acoustic curtains, also known as soundproof curtains or noise-
reducing curtains, are specially designed curtains that help to reduce
unwanted noise and improve the acoustic environment in a room. They
are made with dense and heavy materials that have sound-absorbing
properties.

Acoustic curtains typically consist of multiple layers of fabric, often

including a layer of mass-loaded vinyl or other dense materials. These
layers help to block and absorb sound waves, reducing the amount of
noise that enters or leaves a room. The curtains may also have
additional features such as a noise barrier layer or a sound-absorbing
backing material.

The primary purpose of acoustic curtains is to control sound

transmission by absorbing and dampening sound waves. They can
effectively reduce reverberation, echo, and outside noise, providing a
quieter and more acoustically pleasant environment.

cushion seats

Cushion seats can have an impact on the acoustic properties of a space,

particularly in terms of sound absorption. The type and design of the
cushion material can influence how sound waves interact with the
seats.

Cushion seats with porous and soft materials, such as foam or fabric-
filled cushions, can contribute to sound absorption. The porous
structure of these materials allows sound waves to enter and get
trapped within the cushion fibers, reducing sound reflections and
helping to control reverberation in the space. The density and thickness
of the cushion material also play a role in its sound-absorbing
properties, with denser and thicker cushions typically providing better
sound absorption.

fabric acoustic panel

A fabric acoustic panel, also known as a fabric-wrapped panel or fabric-covered panel,

is a common type of acoustic treatment used to improve sound quality and reduce
unwanted noise reflections in indoor spaces. It consists of a rigid or semi-rigid core
material that is covered with a fabric layer on the front face.The core material of fabric
acoustic panels is typically made of materials such as fiberglass, mineral wool, or
acoustic foam. These materials are chosen for their sound-absorbing properties, which
help to absorb sound waves and reduce echoes and reverberations in a room.

The fabric layer on the front face of the panel serves both functional and aesthetic
purposes. Functionally, the fabric acts as a permeable surface that allows sound to pass
through and be absorbed by the core material. Aesthetically, the fabric can be selected in
various colors, patterns, and textures to complement the interior design of the
space.Fabric acoustic panels offer several advantages. They are effective in absorbing
sound energy across a wide range of frequencies, making them suitable for creating a
balanced acoustic environment. They are also versatile and can be easily customized in
terms of size, shape, and fabric options to suit the specific needs and design preferences of
a room.

metal acoustic panel

A metal acoustic panel, also known as a metal sound-absorbing panel or metal acoustic tile, is a
type of architectural acoustic treatment designed to control sound reflections and
reverberations in a space. Unlike traditional fabric or foam-based acoustic panels, metal panels
utilize metal materials to provide sound absorption and diffusion properties.

Metal acoustic panels are typically made of perforated metal sheets or expanded metal mesh,
which are backed by an absorbent material or placed in front of an air gap. The perforations or
mesh allow sound waves to pass through, and the backing material or air gap helps absorb and
dissipate the sound energy, reducing echo and reverberation in the room.

the use of metal in acoustic panels offers several advantages. Metal panels are generally
more durable and resistant to wear and tear compared to softer materials like fabric or foam.
They are also easier to clean and maintain, making them suitable for high-traffic areas or spaces
with specific hygiene requirements.

public address sound system

is a collection of audio equipment used to amplify and distribute sound to a large audience or public space. It consists of various
components that work together to ensure clear and intelligible audio transmission.
Microphones: These input devices convert sound into electrical signals.
Different types of microphones are used depending on the specific
application, such as dynamic microphones, condenser microphones, or
wireless microphones.
Mixer: The mixer serves as the control center for the PA system. It allows
users to adjust the volume levels, balance, and equalization of different
audio sources, such as microphones, musical instruments, or playback devices.
Amplifiers: Amplifiers receive the audio signals from the mixer and increase
their power so that they can be delivered to the speakers with sufficient
volume. They boost the signals to a level suitable for the size of the venue and
the desired sound level.
Speakers: The speakers are responsible for converting electrical signals
back into audible sound waves. They come in various sizes and designs to
accommodate different needs, from small portable speakers to large
arrays or line arrays for larger venues.
Signal Processors: Signal processors, such as equalizers and
compressors, are often used to shape and enhance the audio signal.
Equalizers adjust the frequency response to optimize the sound
quality, while compressors control dynamic range, ensuring a
more consistent audio output.
Cables and Connectors: PA systems rely on a network of cables
and connectors to transmit the audio signals between different
components. Balanced audio cables, such as XLR or TRS cables, are
commonly used to minimize interference and maintain signal
integrity.
Control and Monitoring: PA systems may include additional devices
for control and monitoring purposes. These can include audio
consoles for advanced mixing capabilities, digital signal
processors for precise signal management, and audio interfaces
for integration with other audio system

array type jb tech system

is An array sound system, also known as a line array sound system, is a type of speaker system
commonly used in professional audio applications, such as concerts, stadiums, theaters, and large
venues. It consists of multiple individual speaker elements arranged vertically in a line or an array. The
main principle behind the array sound system is to create a controlled dispersion pattern of sound,
particularly in the vertical direction. By using multiple speaker elements arranged in a vertical line,
the system can produce a coherent and focused sound projection over long distances. The individual
speaker elements, also called line array modules, are typically comprised of several small drivers,
such as woofers, mid-range drivers, and tweeters. Each driver is responsible for reproducing a specific
frequency range, allowing for better sound distribution and coverage. The drivers are often mounted in
a specially designed enclosure to enhance their performance.

The array sound system usually includes additional components such as amplifiers, signal processors,
and rigging hardware. The signal processors help to optimize the sound quality and adjust the dispersion
pattern according to the specific venue and application requirements.One of the key advantages of an
array sound system is its ability to provide even sound coverage throughout the audience area while
minimizing sound reflections and reducing the risk of feedback. The vertical line array configuration
allows for better control of the sound projection, enabling the system to deliver clear and intelligible
audio even in challenging acoustical environments. Overall, array sound systems offer high output
capability, extended coverage, and improved sound quality, making them ideal for large-scale audio
reinforcement in various live sound applications.
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araneta cluster design

o
p CLUSTER COMPONENTS
t
60 degrees i o
o p
n t
i
1 o
n
center 5 meters Speaker A - High power Mid/High
with 90x40 dispersion
of dome aimed at -15deg. Use 2
Renkus-Heinz CEMH94-2B
Speaker A - High power full range
Speaker B - Low Frequency Speaker with dual 15” low
aimed at -45deg. Use frequency drivers with
Renkus-Heinz CELF15-2 90x40 dispersion aimed at
-15deg.
- 6 Clusters around center of dome
Speaker C - Medium power
- 5m Radius from center
Mid/High with 60x40 Speaker B - Medium power Mid/High
- 60 degree rotation
dispersion aimed at - with 60x40 dispersion
- mounted on rigging grid 20m high
72deg. Use Renkus-Heinz aimed at -72deg.

ACOUSTICAL ANALYSIS OF THE smart ARANETA COLISEUM

The Araneta Coliseum located in Cubao, Metro Manila is due for a renovation and Acoustic Analysis, Inc. was hired as an
acoustical consultant for the renovation. Concern has been brought up regarding the sprayed Asbestos fibers used as acoustic
treatment for the dome when it was originally constructed. But Asbestos is now known to be a health hazard, and therefore the
existing treatment must be removed. Once removed however, new acoustic treatments must be implemented, to the dome and the
other surfaces, to maintain or improve the acoustical properties of the Coliseum.

The Araneta Coliseum with the proposed renovations was modeled using acoustical Computer Aided Design software. The
software facilitated the iterative process of ascertaining the performance of various treatments through reverberation time
testing and ray tracing analyses.

MEAsURED THE ROOM PARAMETER:

LTP CALCULATION BEFORE THE TREATMENT

Through this process the recommended configuration of

treatments was then determined. Final recommendations
based on the CAD testing and simulations in order of
references
importance are the application of acoustical treatment
Acoustic Curtains. (n.d.). Stage and Theatre Curtains |
on the sound/lighting grid, the treatment of walls with
Theatrequip – Theatrequip.
absorptive-backed perforated metal sheets, and the
partial treatment of the outer edges of the dome with
AlphaPerf® Metal Acoustic Panel. (2023, April 18).
suspended acoustical bats.
Acoustical Solutions.

Burkett, J. (2021). Sound Absorbing Materials: Types

TREATED GRID LTP CALCULATION and How They Work! Snoring Source.

Gareth. (2020). Why Choose a Line Array Speaker

System? zZounds Music Blog.

Garrett, S. L. (2020). Understanding Acoustics in

Araneta Coliseum

Hermano, j. (1999), Acoustic Analysis Inc., Acoustic

Analysis of the Araneta Coliseum

Lakansining, V. a. P. B. (2022, January 22). Cubao, Quezon

City: The Legacy of the Araneta Coliseum. Lakbay Ng
Lakan.

Martinez, A. C. J. E. D. (n.d.). Araneta City - The City of

Firsts!

Netwellnoisecontrol. (2023b, March 21). Fabric

Acoustic Panels | Soundproof Fabric | NetWell.

Other possible options for the treatment Smart Araneta Coliseum: Domes. (n.d.).
of the dome were also submitted to the
client. Tania. (2022). Best Fabric For Acoustic Panels. Silver
Bobbin.

veniegas, D. (2021) Acoustics and lighting. Case Study:

Smart Araneta Coliseum

WebFX. (2022, October 3). 7 Auditorium Acoustics

Considerations - Illuminated Integration.
Illuminated Integration.

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