2324_S4_MA_UT1_MS

Mathematics Department
HKUGA College
MATHEMATICS
S4 UNIT TEST 1 – EQUATIONS OF STRAIGHT LINES
2023 − 2024

45 minutes

MARKING SCHEME

TOTAL: 50 MARKS

Name: _____________________________________ Class: _______________________ ( )

Teacher: CC / JKL / JY / LN / SYC / TYL _

INSTRUCTION TO STUDENTS

◼ Do not open this test paper until instructed to do so.

◼ Unless otherwise specified, all numerical answers should be either exact or correct to 3
significant figures.
◼ The diagrams in this paper are not necessarily drawn to scale.

ADVICE TO STUDENTS

◼ Full marks are not necessarily awarded for a correct answer with no working. Answers must be
supported by working and/or explanations.
◼ Where an answer is incorrect, some marks may be given for a correct method, provided this is
shown by written working. All students should therefore be advised to show their working.
◼ A maximum of 2 marks will be deducted throughout the whole paper for poor presentation of
answers and for missing units.
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Section A Multiple Choice Questions – Write answers on page 3.

1. The straight line L passes through (1, 2) and 3. The straight line L: y = 2x + 1 passes
(3, 6). Find the inclination of L, correct to through the points P(1, a) and Q(b, 5).
the nearest degree. Find the distance of PQ.

A. 18° A. 5
B. 27° B. 3
C. 63° C. 17
D. 72° D. 5

Let inclination be θ. The coordinates of P

6−2 = (1, 2(1) + 1)
tan θ = = (1, 3)
3 −1
θ ≈ 63° Sub (b, 5) into y = 2x + 1:

5 = 2b + 1
2. If (–1, a) is the mid-point of (a, –3) and b= 2
(6, b), then b =
Required distance
A. –13. = (5 − 3)2 + (2 −1)2
B. –8. = 4 +1
C. 5.
= 5
D. 7.

a+6
–1 =
2
a = –8

−3 + b
a=
2
−3 + b
–8 =
2
b = –13

….
0
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4. In the figure, the equation of straight line L1 5. Which of the following may represent the
is graph of 5x – 3y + 17 = 5?

y L2

A.
L1 y
2

15

θ 45
O x x
O

A. x + 3y − 2 3 = 0 .
B. x − 3y + 2 3 = 0 .
C. 3x − y + 2 3 = 0 .
B.
D. 3x − y + 2 = 0 . y

(Q4)
Refer to the figure,
x
O
θ + 15 ° = 45°
θ = 30°

Slope of L1 = tan 30° C.

y
1
=
3

Equation of L1: O
x
1
y= x+2
3
x − 3y + 2 3 =0
D.
(Q5) y
Rewrite into general form:
2x – 3y – 1 = 0

2 2 x
Slope = − = >0 O
−3 3 O
x

−1 1
y-intercept = − = < 0
−3 3
Therefore, the answer is D.

Turn Over
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4
6. The straight line L1 : ax + 5y – c = 0 and 7. In the figure, the coordinates of the
L2 : bx – 10y + a = 0 have infinitely many orthocentre of ΔOAB are
intersections. It is given that a ≠ 0. Which y

of the following are true?

B(5, 1)
I. a = –2b
II. b = –4c O x
III. a2 = –bc Y
X

A. I and II only A(3, –3)

B. I and III only
 4 8
C. II and III only A.  ,− .
D. I, II and III.  3 3
8 4
B.  ,− .
3 3
∵ L1 and L2 have infinitely many intersections.
8 1
C.  ,−  .
3 3
slope of L1 = slope of L2
1 8
−a b D.  ,−  .
− = − 3 3
5 −10
b = –2a Refer to the figure,
∵a≠0 −3 − 0
Slope of XB = −1 
∴ I is not true. 3−0
=1
y-intercept of L1 = y-intercept of L2
Equation of XB:
−c a
− = − y – 1 = x – 5……(1)
5 −10 1 − ( −3)
a = 2c Slope of YO = −1 
5−3
∴ b = –2a = –2(2c) = –4c. 1
∴ II is true. = −
2
Equation of YO:
x-intercept of L1 = x-intercept of L2 1
y = − x……(2)
−c a 2
− = −
a b Sub (2) into (1),
a = –bc
2 1
− x–1= x–5
∴ III is true. 2
8
x=
3
1 8
y= − 
2 3
4
= −
3
8 4
∴ The coordinates are  , −  .
3 3
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5
8. The figure shows the graph of the straight Answers for multiple choice questions:
line x – ay + b = 0. Which of the following
must be true?
y

x
O
–5

x – ay + b = 0

I. a<0
II. b > 0
III. 5a + b > 0

A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III.

slope of L1 < 0
1
− <0
−a
a< 0
∴ I is true.
TOTAL FOR SECTION A: 16 MARKS
x-intercept of L1 < 0 Teacher’s Use Only
b
− <0
1
b> 0
∴ II is true.

y-intercept of L1 < –5
b
− < –5
−a
b
< –5
a
∵a<0
b> –5a
5a + b > 0

∴ III is true.

Turn Over
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6
Section B Conventional Questions

1. The straight line L passes through (3, −2) and (5, −3).
(a) Find the equation of L.
(b) It is given that L passes through the point (−1, a). Find the value of a.
(4 marks)
Equation of L:
y − (−3) −3 − ( −2)
= 1M
x−5 5−3
1
y + 3 = − ( x − 5)
2
1 1
x + 2y + 1= 0 1A, accept y = − x −
2 2
pp-1 for other forms*
Sub (−1, a) into x + 2y + 1= 0:

−1 + 2a + 1 = 0 1M
a= 0 1A

2. The equation of L1 is 3x – 5y + 1 = 0. The straight line L2 is parallel to L1 and L2 passes through

the point (5, 5).
(a) Find the equation of L2.
(b) Find the y-intercept of L2. (4 marks)

(a)
∵ L1 // L2
∴ Slope of L2 = Slope of L1
3
= − 1M for finding slope
−5
3
=
5

Equation of L2:
3
y−5= ( x − 5) 1M
5
5y − 25 = 3 x − 15
3
3x − 5y + 10 = 0 1A, accept y = x+2
5
pp-1 for other forms
(b)
10
y-intercept of L2 = − =2 1A
−5

*accepted forms:
either ax + by + c = 0, where a, b, c are relatively prime, or y = mx + c.
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7
3. In the figure, L1: x – 3y + 12 = 0 intersects L2: 3y = 6 – x at the point B. L1 cuts the x-axis at A.
y

L1
L2

A O x

(a) Find the coordinates of A and B.

(b) Join OB. Find the area of ΔABO.
(5 marks)
(a)
12
x-intercept of L1 = − = –12
1
∴ The coordinates of A = (–12, 0) 1A
 x − 3 y + 12 = 0 ......(1)
 1M
3 y = 6 − x ......(2)
Sub (2) into (1)
x – (6 – x) + 12 = 0
x = –3
Sub x = –3 into (2)
3y = 6 – (–3)
y=3
∴ The coordinates of B = (–3, 3) 1A

(b)
[0 − (−12)]  (3 − 0)
Area of ΔABO = 1M
2

= 18 1A

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8
4. A(4 , 3) is rotated anticlockwise about the origin O through 90 to the point B. A is reflected in
the x-axis to the point C.
(a) (i) Write down the coordinates of B and C.
(ii) Is BC perpendicular to AO? Explain your answer.
(b) The straight line L has x-intercept –1 and does not intersect with BC. Find the equation of L.
(6 marks)
(a)(i) The coordinates of B = (–3, 4). 1A
The coordinates of C = (4, –3). 1A

(a)(ii) Slope of BC × Slope of AO

4 − ( −3) 3 − 0
= × 1M
−3 − 4 4 − 0
3
= –1×
4
3
= −
4
≠ –1
∴ BC is not perpendicular to AO. 1A f.t.

(b)
∵ L does not intersect with BC.
∴ Slope of L = Slope of BC = –1 1M

Equation of L:
y = (–1)(x + 1)
x+y+1= 0 1A, accept y = –x – 1
pp-1 for other forms
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9
5. In the figure, ΔONQ is a right-angle triangle with ∠ONQ = 90°. P is a point on NO.
It is given that the equation of NQ is x + 3y – 30 = 0.
(a) Find the coordinates of N. (3 marks)
(b) (i) It is given that the area of ΔOPQ is 2 times the area of ΔPQN. Find the equation of the
vertical line L passing through point P.
(ii) Let M be the x-intercept of L. Find the area of the quadrilateral NPMQ.
(3 marks)
1 y
(a) Slope of QN = −
3
N
∵ ON ⊥ QN
 1
Slope of ON ×  −  = –1 1M P
 3
Slope of ON = 3 O Q x
Equation of ON:
y−0
=3
x−0
y = 3x

 y = 3x
Solving  , 1M
 x + 3 y − 30 = 0
x = 3
we have  .
y = 9

∴ The coordinates of N = (3, 9). 1A

2
(b)(i) y-coordinate of P = 9 × 1M
1+ 2
=6

Sub y = 6 into y = 3x
x=2

∴ The equation of L is x = 2. 1A

Alternative Solution
∵ Area of ΔOPQ : Area of ΔPQN = OP : PN

2(3) + 1(0)
∴ x-coordinate of P = 1M
1+ 2
=2

∴ The equation of L is x = 2. 1A

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 2324_S4_MA_UT1_MS
10
−30
(b)(ii) x-coordinates of Q = − = 30
1

30  9 6 2
Area of NPMQ = –
2 2
= 129 1A

6. In the figure, the straight line L1 cuts the y-axis at A(0, –5). The straight line L2 : 2x + y – 10 = 0
intersects L1 at B(9, –8). M is the mid-point of AB.

y
L2
x
O

L1

A(0, –5) B(9, –8)

M

(a) Write down the coordinates of M.

Hence, find the equation of the perpendicular bisector of AB. (4 marks)
(b) Let C be a point on L2 such that AC = BC.
(i) Find the coordinates of C.
(ii) Find the circumcentre of ΔABC.
(5 marks)

 0 + 9 (−5) + ( −8) 
(a) The coordinates of M =  , 
 2 2  Question Total

 9 13 
=  ,−  1A
2 2

Let L3 be the perpendicular bisector of AB.

∵ L1 ⊥ L3
Slope of L1 × Slope of L3 = –1
−8 − (−5)
× Slope of L3 = –1 1M
9−0
Slope of L3 = 3

The equation of perpendicular bisector of AB:

 13   9
y −  −  = 3 x −  1M
 2  2
3x – y – 20 = 0 1A, accept y = 3x – 20
pp-1 for other forms
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11
(b)(i)
∵ AC = BC (given)
∴ C lies on the perpendicular bisector of AB. (converse of ⊥ bisector property)
2 x + y − 10 = 0 ......(1)
 1M
3x − y − 20 = 0 ......(2)

(1) + (2) : 5x = 30
x =6
Sub y = 1 into (2)
3(6) – y – 20 =0
y = –2

∴ The coordinates of C = (6, –2). 1A

Alternative Solution
(b) (i) Let (x, y) be the coordinates of C.
∵ C lies on L2,
2x + y – 10 = 0
y = –2x + 10

∴ The coordinates of C are (x, –2x + 10).

AC = BC
( x − 0)2 + (−2 x + 10 + 5)2 = ( x − 9)2 + (−2 x + 10 + 8)2 1M
x + (−2 x + 15) = ( x − 9) + (−2 x + 18)
2 2 2 2

x + 4 x2 − 60 x + 225 = x2 −18x + 81 + 4 x2 − 72 x + 324

2

30x = 180
x= 6

∴ The coordinates of C = (6, –2(6) + 10) = (6, –2). 1A

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12
(b)(ii) Let N be the mid-point of AC.
 0 + 6 ( −5) + ( −2) 
The coordinates of N = , 
 2 2 
 7 
=  3, − 
 2

1
Slope of perpendicular bisector of AC = ( −1) 
2
= –2

The equation of the perpendicular bisector of AC:

= −2 ( x − 3)
7
y+ 1M
2
4x + 2y – 5 = 0

4 x + 2 y − 5 = 0 ......(1)
 1M
3x − y − 20 = 0 ......(2)

(1) + (2) × 2: 10x = 45

9
x=
2
Sub y = 1 into (2)
3(4.5) – y – 20 = 0
13
y= −
2
 9 13 
The coordinates of the circumcentre =  , −  . 1A
2 2
Alternative Solution
(b)(ii) Slope of AC × Slope of BC
−2 − (−5)  −2 
= × −  1M
6−0  1 
1
= × (−2)
2
= –1

∴ AC ⊥ BC 1M
∴ ΔABC is a right-angled triangle with ∠C = 90°.
∴ The circumcentre is the mid-point of the hypotenuse.
 9 13 
∴ The coordinates of the circumcentre =  , −  . 1A
2 2

TOTAL FOR SECTION B: 34 MARKS

END OF TEST