Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
REGION VI - WESTERN VISAYAS
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF CADIZ CITY

Multisensory Approaches: A Remedy for Numeracy Gap

An Action Research
Submitted by:
LEA C. LAYOS
Proponent

For the Grant Facility of the

BASIC EDUCATION RESEARCH FUND (BERF)
of the Department of Education
Region VI- Western Visayas

April 2024

Address: Abelarde St., Cadiz City, Negros Occidental 6121

Telephone No.: (034) 493-03-52
Email Address: deped.cadizcitydivision@deped.gov.ph
Website: http://deped.in/cadizcitydivision
 I. CONTEXT AND RATIONALE
Numeracy refers to the knowledge, abilities, behaviors, and dispositions that children

require in order to apply mathematics in a variety of circumstances. It entails recognizing and

comprehending the function of mathematics in the world, as well as possessing the dispositions

and capacities to use mathematical knowledge and skills meaningfully (Victoria State

Government 2022, January 25).

According to the results of the 2018 Programme for International Student Assessment

(PISA), the Philippines was placed second to last in Mathematics based on country means.

Specifically, 18.5% of the pupils met the minimal criterion set in the PISA 2018 (i.e., Level 2 or

higher), 26.9% were at Level 1 competence, and the majority (54.6%) of the Filipino students

that participated scored below the lowest proficiency level (Level 1). This clearly reveals that

more Filipino kids fall below international standards in terms of mathematical competency,

demonstrating a lack of math skills as compared to their age-group peers from other ethnicities.

In contrast, kids from private schools performed somewhat (Aguhayon, H., Tingson, R., &

Pentang, J. 2023).

The results of the E-RUNT pre-test conducted show that 15 out of 54 Grade 5 learners

cannot even solve basic mathematical problems. This implies that teachers need to make an

appropriate intervention to address this learning deficiency. In today's schooling, closing the

numeracy gap among non-numeric grade 5 pupils has arisen as a critical issue. Despite

concerted attempts in traditional teaching methods, a sizable proportion of grade 5 pupils

continue to struggle with basic numeracy skills, impeding their academic development and

future opportunities. This emphasizes the importance of new techniques to effectively bridge

this divide.

The school's urgency in addressing the numeracy gap among students cannot be

emphasized. Failing to provide pupils with fundamental numeracy abilities at this critical period

not only impairs their academic performance, but also perpetuates a cycle of underachievement
Address: Abelarde St., Cadiz City, Negros Occidental 6121
Telephone No.: (034) 493-03-52
Email Address: deped.cadizcitydivision@deped.gov.ph
Website: http://deped.in/cadizcitydivision
and disengagement from mathematics. Without help, these adolescents would face

considerable challenges in their educational path and future possibilities, exacerbating existing

inequities in academic performance.

Using multimodal methods in math instruction is a promising way to narrow the

numeracy gap among learners in Grade 5. Multisensory approaches make use of the senses of

sight, hearing, touch, and movement in order to improve the acquisition and recall of

mathematical knowledge. These methods better serve the needs of non-numeric learners by

providing deeper understanding of numerical ideas and accommodating a range of learning

styles through the use of several sensory modalities.

The primary purpose of conducting research on multisensory approaches for grade 5

learners is twofold. Firstly, it aims to evaluate the effectiveness of these innovative teaching

methodologies in improving numeracy skills among learners who struggle with numbers.

Secondly, it seeks to fill the existing gap in empirical evidence regarding the efficacy of

multisensory approaches tailored specifically to the Grade 5 demographic, thereby informing

evidence-based practices and policy decisions in mathematics education.

In summary, the proposed action research endeavors to investigate the potential of

multisensory approaches as a remedy for the numeracy gap among Grade 5 learners. By

addressing this critical issue through empirical inquiry and innovative pedagogical strategies,

this research aims to contribute to the enhancement of mathematical skills and the academic

success of all students.

Address: Abelarde St., Cadiz City, Negros Occidental 6121

Telephone No.: (034) 493-03-52
Email Address: deped.cadizcitydivision@deped.gov.ph
Website: http://deped.in/cadizcitydivision
 II. ACTION RESEARCH QUESTIONS

This study aims to determine the level of numeracy skills of Grade 5 pupils of Egido-

Fernandez Elementary School for School Year 2024-2025 before and after the

implementation of the Multisensory Approach as an intervention.

Specifically, it answers to the following questions:

1. What is the level of numeracy skills of Grade 5 pupils of Egido-Fernandez

Elementary School before and after the implementation of Multisensory Approaches?

2. How can the Multisensory Approach enhance the level of numeracy skills of

Egido-Fernandez Elementary School Grade 5 learners?

3. What are the issues and challenges encountered by the pupils in the

implementation of Multisensory Approaches?

4. Based on the findings of the study, what program or activity may be proposed?

III. PROPOSED INTERVENTION AND STRATEGY

In this investigation, the study explores the importance of multisensory approaches as

effective measures to address the numeracy gap, emphasizing their potential to enhance

mathematical abilities and promote inclusive learning environments. Multisensory learning

fosters a positive attitude towards math among learners (Magrid, 2023), making math more

enjoyable and engaging rather than daunting. This positive mindset significantly influences

learners' motivation and eagerness to learn.

The intervention, titled "Multisensory Approaches: A Remedy for Numeracy Gap,"

involves integrating multisensory techniques into math instruction. This encompasses utilizing

Address: Abelarde St., Cadiz City, Negros Occidental 6121

Telephone No.: (034) 493-03-52
Email Address: deped.cadizcitydivision@deped.gov.ph
Website: http://deped.in/cadizcitydivision
manipulatives, visual aids, songs, and movement-based activities to engage students' senses

and reinforce mathematical concepts. The approach includes:

 Providing hands-on manipulatives like counters and basic operation charts to represent

mathematical concepts tangibly.

 Incorporating visual aids such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division tables,

diagrams, and illustrations to improve comprehension and visualization of fundamental

math concepts.

 Using songs and mnemonic devices to aid in the memorization of basic facts.

 Including movement-based activities such as skip counting and hopping on number lines

to reinforce basic math skills kinesthetically.

The intervention sessions will occur daily over a four-month period, each lasting 30

minutes, targeting grade 5 students after their lunch break. These sessions will incorporate a

range of differentiated activities aimed at reinforcing numeracy concepts. For example, hands-

on exploration activities will engage tactile and kinesthetic senses to enhance comprehension,

visual learning activities will stimulate participants' visual senses to deepen their understanding

of numeracy, and auditory engagement activities will explore numeracy concepts through

sound-based experiences.

IV. ACTION RESEARCH METHODS

In this context, the Enhanced Regional Unified Numeracy Test (E-RUNT) serves as a

valuable tool for assessing and enhancing numeracy skills. By employing a pre-test and post-

test framework, researcher can systematically measure the effectiveness of Multisensory

Approaches as an interventions and strategies aimed at bolstering numeracy proficiency. A

sample of the pre-test and post-test E-RUNT tool is shown in Appendix A.

Address: Abelarde St., Cadiz City, Negros Occidental 6121

Telephone No.: (034) 493-03-52
Email Address: deped.cadizcitydivision@deped.gov.ph
Website: http://deped.in/cadizcitydivision
 In this study, multisensory approaches within four (4) months will be administered to 15

Grade 5 learners. E-RUNT posttest will then be administered to determine the effectiveness of

the intervention.

A. Participants and Sources of Data

The participants of the study will be the Grade 5 learners of Egido-Fernandez

Elementary School. Specifically, the participants are 15 Grade 5 learners composed of 9 males

and 6 females, who are all officially enrolled for the school year 2024-2025. The participants are

chosen since they are the only learners handled by the researcher.

B. Data Gathering Methods

The study will utilize a mixed methods research approach, combining quantitative and

qualitative methods, specifically employing an explanatory design. This design involves two

phases, where the results of the initial quantitative data collection inform the subsequent

qualitative data collection. Quantitative data offers precise measurements that qualitative data

cannot provide, while qualitative data yields insights that quantitative data alone cannot capture

(Hassan, 2022).

In this investigation, quantitative data will be gathered through pre-experimental

assessments conducted by the researcher to assess the effectiveness of the intervention

among a group of learners. Subsequently, qualitative data will be obtained through Focus Group

Discussions with selected participants after analyzing the quantitative findings.

C. Ethical Issues

Address: Abelarde St., Cadiz City, Negros Occidental 6121

Telephone No.: (034) 493-03-52
Email Address: deped.cadizcitydivision@deped.gov.ph
Website: http://deped.in/cadizcitydivision
 To be able to collect data needed for the study, the researcher will secure permission

from the office of the principal to conduct the study. For the participants, a letter will be given for

them to sign to signify their consent. The letter will be printed in English language. It will contain

in detail the nature and extent of the participation in the study. A sample of this consent letter is

shown in Appendix A.

D. Data Analysis Plan

This study adopts a mixed method of analyzing data. Results of the validity of the

materials will be subjected to qualitative analysis. This study analyzes the result of the pre-test

and post-test and get the mean of the 15 Grade 5 learners after conducting the post test. The t-

test for independent samples will be used to determine the significance in the mastery level of

the learners before and after the implementation of the intervention.

V. ACTION RESEARCH WORK PLAN AND TIMELINES

Activity Timeline Timeline Persons

Responsible
Pre-Implementation Activity

1. Preparation of Action 1 weeks Aug. 22-29, 2024 Proponent

Research Proposal

2. Development of Action 3 weeks Aug. 30, 202 to Researcher

Research Materials Sept 20, 2024

3. Asking permission from the 2 days Sept 23-24, 2024 Researcher

principal to conduct the study Principal
validation and revision of
instruments as
Address: Abelarde St., Cadiz City, Negros Occidental 6121
Telephone No.: (034) 493-03-52
Email Address: deped.cadizcitydivision@deped.gov.ph
Website: http://deped.in/cadizcitydivision
 recommended by the
validator.

4. Conduct an interview to the 2 weeks Sept 25, 2024 Researcher

parents of the Grade 5 to October 11, Principal
learners. 2024 Grade 5
parents

During Implementation Activity

5. Conduct pre-test using the E- 1 weeks Oct 14-22, 2024 15 selected

RUNT worksheets Grade 5
Learners
Researcher

6. Conduct the intervention. 4 months Oct 23, 2024 to 15 selected

(Multisensory Approaches) Jan 24, 2025 Grade 5
Learners
Researcher

Post Implementation Activity

7. Conduct post-test using the 2 weeks Jan.27,2025 Researcher

E-RUNT posttest worksheets to Feb. 7,2025 Respondent

8. Consolidate, analyze, and 2 weeks Feb 10-21, 2025 Researcher

interpret the result of pre-test
and post-test

9. Report the accomplishment 1 week Feb 11-17, 2025 Researcher

of the study

VI. COST ESTIMATES

The table below shows the costs associated with implementing "Multisensory

Approaches" for enhancing numeracy mastery among Grade 5 learners, several factors need to

be considered. Here's the breakdown of the cost estimate:

Address: Abelarde St., Cadiz City, Negros Occidental 6121

Telephone No.: (034) 493-03-52
Email Address: deped.cadizcitydivision@deped.gov.ph
Website: http://deped.in/cadizcitydivision
 Item Description Quantity Estimated Cost Total

A. Hands-on Manipulatives and Visual Aids Supplies: Procurement of

manipulatives such as counters, multiplication charts, and other tactile
materials to facilitate multisensory learning experiences.

1. popsicle sticks 20 bundles 38.00/bundle 760.00

2. A4 Bond Paper 5 reams 215/ream 1,075.00

3. Laminating Films 1 ream 959.00 959.00

4. Art supplies 10 set 28.00 280.00

3,074.00

B. Miscellaneous Expenses: Budget allocation for unforeseen expenses, travel costs,

refreshments for workshops, and other miscellaneous expenses incurred during the
implementation of the research study.

Miscellaneous Fees 500.00

VII. PLAN FOR UTILIZATION AND DISSEMINATION

Upon completion of the research study, the first step will involve sharing the findings with the

school administration and staff. A comprehensive presentation will be organized to present the

research outcomes, including key findings, implications for instructional practices, and

recommendations for learner’s development. This presentation aims to inform school

administrators and educators about the effectiveness of multisensory approaches in improving

basics mathematic skills among 15 Grade 5 learners.

Following the presentation to the school administration and staff, the next phase will involve

disseminating the findings to the participating teachers. Group meetings will be arranged to

discuss the research outcomes in detail and provide researchers with an opportunity to reflect

on their instructional practices. This interaction will facilitate a deeper understanding of the
Address: Abelarde St., Cadiz City, Negros Occidental 6121
Telephone No.: (034) 493-03-52
Email Address: deped.cadizcitydivision@deped.gov.ph
Website: http://deped.in/cadizcitydivision
research findings and encourage collaboration among teachers in implementing multisensory

approaches in their classrooms.

Moreover, efforts to engage parents and guardians in the dissemination of research findings

is also needed. A parent-beneficiary information session will be organized to inform parents

about the research study and its implications for their children's learning. This session will

provide parents with insights into the importance of mathematics mastery and strategies to

support their children's learning.

Address: Abelarde St., Cadiz City, Negros Occidental 6121

Telephone No.: (034) 493-03-52
Email Address: deped.cadizcitydivision@deped.gov.ph
Website: http://deped.in/cadizcitydivision
 VIII. REFERENCES

Victoria State Government. (2022, January 25). Numeracy for all learners.
Www.education.vic.gov.au.https://www.education.vic.gov.au/school/teachers/
teachingresources/discipline/maths/Pages/numeracy-for-all-learners.aspx

Aguhayon, H., Tingson, R., & Pentang, J. (2023). Addressing Students Learning Gaps in
Mathematics through Differentiated Instruction. International Journal of Educational
Management and Development Studies, 4(1), 69–87. https://doi.org/10.53378/352967

The Power of Multisensory Learning In Math Education - Magrid. (2023, October 16).
Magrid.education. https://magrid.education/the-power-of-multisensory-learning-in-math-
education/

Address: Abelarde St., Cadiz City, Negros Occidental 6121

Telephone No.: (034) 493-03-52
Email Address: deped.cadizcitydivision@deped.gov.ph
Website: http://deped.in/cadizcitydivision
ANNEX 1: Research Proposal Application Form and Endorsement of
Immediate Supervisor

A. RESEARCH INFORMATION

RESEARCH TITLE: Multisensory Approaches: A Remedy for Numeracy Gap

SHORT DESCRIPTION OF THE RESEARCH/STUDY

Multisensory learning helps children develop a positive attitude toward math.

Incorporating multisensory activities, children will be able to see math as a fun and

engaging subject rather than a boring and difficult one. This positive mindset can

significantly impact their motivation and willingness to learn.

The proposed action research endeavors to investigate the potential of

multisensory approaches as a remedy for the numeracy gap among Grade 5 learners. By

addressing this critical issue through empirical inquiry and innovative pedagogical

strategies, Multisensory Approaches: A Remedy for Numeracy Gap aims to contribute

to the enhancement of mathematical skills and the academic success of all students.

RESEARCH CATEGORY RESEARCH AGENDA CATEGORY/THEME

(check only one main research theme)
(check only one) o Teaching and Learning
o Child Protection
o National o Human Resource Development
o Region o Governance
o Schools Division (check up to one cross-cutting theme, if
o District applicable)
o School o DRRM
o Gender and Development
o Inclusive Education
(check only one) o Others (please specify): ____________

o Action Research RESEARCH AGENDA/TOPIC(source: National

o Basic Research and Regional Research Agenda, please
indicate)
Address: Abelarde St., Cadiz City, Negros Occidental 6121
Telephone No.: (034) 493-03-52
Email Address: deped.cadizcitydivision@deped.gov.ph
Website: http://deped.in/cadizcitydivision
 Teaching and Learning

____Grade 5 Learners_______

FUND SOURCE (e.g. BERF, SEF, AMOUNT

others)* (Note: Action Research-Maximum of 30T regardless of
level)

TOTAL AMOUNT Php. 3,574.00

*indicate also if proponent will use personal funds

*amount requested should be proportionate to the study being conducted, subject to liquidation process
as per government accounting rules and regulations.

B. PROPONENT/S INFORMATION (Maximum of 3 Proponents per Study and 1 Study Only

per Year should be submitted)

Note: Previous researcher/s with unfinished study/research will not be accepted/ recommended
for further evaluation by the RRC and TWC
LEAD PROPONENT / INDIVIDUAL PROPONENT
LAST NAME: FIRST NAME: MIDDLE NAME:

LAYOS LEA CARACAS

BIRTHDATE (MM/DD/YYYY) SEX: POSITION / DESIGNATION:

10 / 24 / 1976 FEMALE T III

REGION / DIVISION / SCHOOL (whichever is applicable)

VI CADIZ CITY EGIDO-FERNANDEZ ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

CONTACT NUMBER 1: CONTACT NUMBER 2: EMAIL ADDRESS:

0950-622-7764 lea.layos01@deped.gov.ph
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT TITLE OF THESIS / RELATED RESEARCH PROJECT
(DEGREE TITLE)
enumerate from bachelor’s
degree up to doctorate degree

Bachelor of Elementary
Education

SIGNATURE OF PROPONENT:

Address: Abelarde St., Cadiz City, Negros Occidental 6121

Telephone No.: (034) 493-03-52
Email Address: deped.cadizcitydivision@deped.gov.ph
Website: http://deped.in/cadizcitydivision
 IMMEDIATE SUPERVISOR’S CONFORME

I hereby endorse the attached research proposal. I certify that the proponent/s has/have the
capacity to implement a research study without compromising his/her office functions.

JESSICA V. CADIZ
_____________________________________
Name and Signature of School head

Principal 1
Position / Designation : _____________

April 29, 2024

Date: _________________

Address: Abelarde St., Cadiz City, Negros Occidental 6121

Telephone No.: (034) 493-03-52
Email Address: deped.cadizcitydivision@deped.gov.ph
Website: http://deped.in/cadizcitydivision
 ANNEX 2: Declaration of Anti-Plagiarism

DECLARATION OF ANTI-PLAGIARISM

LEA C. LAYOS
1. I, __________________________________, understand that plagiarism is the act of
taking and using another’s ideas and works and passing them off as one’s own. This
includes explicitly copying the whole work of another person and/or using some parts of
their work without proper acknowledgment and referencing.

2. I hereby attest to the originality of this research proposal and has cited properly all the
references used. I further commit that all deliverables and the final research study
emanating from this proposal shall be of original content. I shall use appropriate citations
in referencing other works from various sources.

3. I understand that violation from this declaration and commitment shall be subject to
consequences and shall be dealt with accordingly by the Department of Education and
(insert grant mechanism).

LEA C. LAYOS
Proponent 1 Printed Name: ____________________________________

Signature:_______ ___________________________

April 29, 2024

Date Signed: ____________________

Address: Abelarde St., Cadiz City, Negros Occidental 6121

Telephone No.: (034) 493-03-52
Email Address: deped.cadizcitydivision@deped.gov.ph
Website: http://deped.in/cadizcitydivision
 ANNEX 3: Declaration of Absence of Conflict of Interest

DECLARATION OF ABSENCE OF CONFLICT OF INTEREST

1. I, _________________________________,
LEA C. LAYOS understand that conflict of interest refers to
situations in which financial or other personal considerations may compromise my
judgment in evaluating, conducting, or reporting research.1

2. I hereby declare that I do not have any personal conflict of interest that may arise from
my application and submission of my research proposal. I understand that my research
proposal may be returned to me if found out that there is conflict of interest during the
initial screening as per (insert RMG provision).

3. Further, in case of any form of conflict of interest (possible or actual) which may
inadvertently emerge during the conduct of my research, I will duly report it to the
research committee for immediate action.

4. I understand that I may be held accountable by the Department of Education and (insert
grant mechanism) for any conflict of interest which I have intentionally concealed.

Proponent 1 Printed Name: ____________________________________

LEA C. LAYOS

Signature:__________________________________

April 29, 2024

Date Signed: ____________________

Address: Abelarde St., Cadiz City, Negros Occidental 6121

Telephone No.: (034) 493-03-52
Email Address: deped.cadizcitydivision@deped.gov.ph
Website: http://deped.in/cadizcitydivision
 DATA PRIVACY CONSENT FORM

I, LEA C. LAYOS, allow the DepEd RO VI to collect and process my/ our personal
information such as birth date, sex, school address, education, contact number, and
place of work to be used as reference upon the submission of research proposals to
be funded by Basic Education Research Fund (BERF) grant.

I further gave consent to DepEd RO VI to disclose my personal information to Central

Office in case of the approval of my/ our research as well as publication of the manuscript
in print and online.

Proponent 1 Printed Name:_____LEA C. LAYOS _____________________________

Signature:

Date Signed: ______April. 29, 2024_____________

Proponent 2 Printed Name: ________________________________________________

Signature:

Date Signed: ___________________

Proponent 3 Printed Name: ________________________________________________

Signature:

Date Signed: ___________________

Address: Abelarde St., Cadiz City, Negros Occidental 6121

Telephone No.: (034) 493-03-52
Email Address: deped.cadizcitydivision@deped.gov.ph
Website: http://deped.in/cadizcitydivision
This action research proposal is hereby presented to the Division Research Committee on April
29, 20224 by:

Prepared by:
_____________LEA C. LAYOS______________
Proponent

Checked by:
____JOHN PAUL C. SADIA, PhD____
District Research Coordinator

Noted by:
JESSICA V. CADIZ
______________________________ RODELIN B. BECARO
_______________________________
School Head Public Schools District Supervisor

Reviewed by:

__________ HOPE M. TOTICA, EdD_________

SEPS- Planning and Research

Recommending Approval:
__________RANDOLPH G. ALEMAN, PhD_______
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

Approved:
_ARLENE G. BERMEJO, CESO V_
Schools Division Superintendent

Address: Abelarde St., Cadiz City, Negros Occidental 6121

Telephone No.: (034) 493-03-52
Email Address: deped.cadizcitydivision@deped.gov.ph
Website: http://deped.in/cadizcitydivision
Appendix A

Address: Abelarde St., Cadiz City, Negros Occidental 6121

Telephone No.: (034) 493-03-52
Email Address: deped.cadizcitydivision@deped.gov.ph
Website: http://deped.in/cadizcitydivision
Appendix A

Address: Abelarde St., Cadiz City, Negros Occidental 6121

Telephone No.: (034) 493-03-52
Email Address: deped.cadizcitydivision@deped.gov.ph
Website: http://deped.in/cadizcitydivision
Appendix A
Consent Form
Multisensory Approaches: A Remedy for Numeracy Gap

I ____________________________________agree to participate or agree to

participation of my child _____________________________________in the research project
titled Multisensory Approaches: A Remedy for Numeracy Gap, conducted by Lea C. Layos, who
has discussed the research project with me.
I have received, read and kept a copy of the information letter/plain language statement.
I have had the opportunity to ask questions about this research and I have received satisfactory
answers. I understand the general purposes, risks and methods of this research.
I consent to participate in the research project and the following has been explained to
me:

 the research may not be of direct benefit to me

 my participation is completely voluntary
 my right to withdraw from the study at any time without any implications to me
 the risks including any possible inconvenience, discomfort or harm as a
consequence of my participation in the research project
 the steps that have been taken to minimise any possible risks
 public liability insurance arrangements
 what I am expected and required to do
 whom I should contact for any complaints with the research or the conduct of the
research
 I am able to request a copy of the research findings and reports
 security and confidentiality of my personal information.

In addition, I consent to:

 audio-visual recording of any part of or all research activities (if applicable)

 publication of results from this study on the condition that my identify will not be
revealed.

Name:__________________________________________________________(please print)
Signature: ______________________________________________________
Date:________________________

Address: Abelarde St., Cadiz City, Negros Occidental 6121

Telephone No.: (034) 493-03-52
Email Address: deped.cadizcitydivision@deped.gov.ph
Website: http://deped.in/cadizcitydivision