Voxidov Sardor Sanjarovich Telegram kanallar: @kimyosamarqand @kimyosvs

YUQORI MOLEKULAR BIRIKMALAR 5. Quyidagi sopolimerning molekulasida 3,2⦁104

dona atom bo’lsa, uning polimerlanish darajasini
1. nA → (A) n+(n–1) H2O sxemaga binoan aniqlang.
olinadigan polimer va uning molar massasini (–CH2–CH2–CH2–CH=CH–CH2–) n.
(g/mol) aniqlang. Polimerlanish darajasi 250. A) 400 B) 2000 C) 4000 D) 200
A) kapron, 28250 B) lavsan, 48000 Yechim: [-C6H10-]n = 16n = 32000
C) polipropilen, 10500 D) poliizopren, 17000 n= 2000 polimerlangan.
Yechim: Reaksiya polikondensatsiyalanish bo’lishi ---------------------------------------------------------------
zarur. 6. Molekulasida 32000 ta atom saqlagan
Berilgan javoblardan ikkitasi sopolimerning molekular massasini aniqlang.
polikondensatsiyalanish reaksiyasi mahsuloti (–CH2–CH2–CH2–CH=CH–CH2–) n.
xisoblanadi. A) 164000 B) 32800 C) 16400 D) 328000
Kapron va lavsan . ikkalasini qo’yib ko’ramiz va Yechim: [-C6H10-]n = 16n = 32000
polimerlanish darajasi mos tushganni olamiz. n= 2000 polimerlangan.
A) Kapronni tekshiramiz. 2000*82 = 164000
250NH2(CH2)5COOH = H[-NH(CH2)2CO]250OH ---------------------------------------------------------------
113*250 = 28250g/m 7. 56 g polietilen (–CH2–CH2–) 20000 necha mol?
Demak javob A. Qanoatlantirdi. A) 10–2 B) 10–5 C) 10–3 D) 10–4
--------------------------------------------------------------- Yechim: 56g/28 = 2mol monomer.
2. Polietilendan polipropilenning molar massasi 4,5 20000m-----------1m
marta ko’p bo’lsa, ularning polimerlanish darajasi 2m--------x=1∙10-4 mol .
necha marta farq qiladi? ---------------------------------------------------------------
A) 6 B) 5 C) 4 D) 3 8. 10–4 mol polistirol 52 g bo’lsa, polimerlanish
Yechim: darajasini aniqlang.
Polietilen : [-C2H4-]n = 28n massasi . A) 5000 B) 500 C) 4000 D) 400
Polipropilen . [-C3H6-] = 42m massasi . Yechim:
42𝑚 10-4mol----------52g
= 4.5
28𝑛 1m--------x=520000/104= 5000 polimerlanish
42m = 126m darajasi.
m =3n ---------------------------------------------------------------
m/n = 3 ekan. 9. 10–4 mol polietilen (–CH2–CH2–) 20000 necha
-------------------------------------------------------------- gramm keladi?
3. Butadiyen–1,3 va stirolning sopolimerlanishidan A) 56 B) 112 C) 11,2 D) 560
hosil bo’lgan kauchukning 73,2 g namunasi 400 g Yechim:
8% li bromli suvni rangsizlantirsa, kauchukda 28 * 20000= 560000g -------------1m
butadiyen va stirol qanday mol nisbatda bo’lgan? x-----------------10-4m
A) 3:1 B) 1:3 C) 6:1 D) 1:6 x=56g
Yechim: ---------------------------------------------------------------
400g *0.08= 32g/160=0.2mol butadiyen bo’lgan 10. Polietilen (–CH2–CH2–) n molekulasidagi asosiy
chunki butadien polimerlanganda ham qo’sh bog’ uglerod zanjiri uzunligi 308 nm ga teng bo’lsa,
saqlaydi. polimerlanish darajasini aniqlang. l(C – C) = 0,154
C4H6 = 54 * 0.2 = 10.8g nm.
73.2 – 10.8 = 62.4g stirol olingan. A) 200 B) 100 C) 1000 D) 2000
C8H8 = 104g-------------1m Yechim: Har bir etilen molekulasi qo’shilaganda
62.4g--------x=0.6mol stirol. 2ta C-C bog’ hosil bo’ladi.
0.2:0.6 => 1:3 mol nisbat. 308nm /0.154 = 2000 ta (C-C) /2 = 1000 pol.dar.
--------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------
4. Quyidagi sopolimerning molekular massasi 11. Polietilen (–CH2–CH2–) n molekulasidagi asosiy
164000 bo’lsa, uning polimerlanish darajasini uglerod zanjiri uzunligi 308 nm ga teng bo’lsa,
aniqlang. polimerning molekular massasini aniqlang. l(C – C)
(–CH2–CH2–CH2–CH=CH–CH2–) n. = 0,154 nm.
A) 2000 B) 4000 C) 400 D) 200 A) 56000 B) 28000 C) 2800 D) 5600
Yechim: Yechim: Har bir etilen molekulasi qo’shilaganda
Formulasi: [C6H10]n = 82n = 164000 2ta C-C bog’ hosil bo’ladi.
n=2000 308nm /0.154 = 2000 ta (C-C) /2 = 1000 pol.dar.
--------------------------------------------------------------- 1000*28 = 28000g/mol.
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Voxidov Sardor Sanjarovich Telegram kanallar: @kimyosamarqand @kimyosvs
--------------------------------------------------------------- 0.4mol-----------80%
12. Molekular massasi 56000 bo’lgan polietilen (– x--------------100%
CH2–CH2–) n molekulasidagi asosiy uglerod zanjiri x=0.5mol izopren , 0.4mol polimerllangan 0.1mol
uzunligi (nm) hisoblang. l(C – C) = 0,154 nm. qolgan.
A) 616 B) 308 C) 61,6 D) 30,8 C5H8 = 68g-------------1mol
Yechim: x----------0.5mol
Har bir etilen molekulasi qo’shilaganda 2ta C-C x=34g .
bog’ hosil bo’ladi. --------------------------------------------------------------
56000/28 = 2000polimerlanish darajasi. 17. Toshko’mir smolasidan olingan, qaynash
2000*2 = 4000 ta C-C bog’ bor. harorati 170 – 2300C bo’lgan fraksiya haqida to’g’ri
4000*0.154 = 616nm fikrni aniqlang.
-------------------------------------------------------------- A) o’rta moy, tarkibi fenol, naftalin
13. (–CH2–CH2–) 20000 bo’lgan polietilen B) og’ir moy, tarkibi naftalin va uning gomologlari
molekulasining asosiy uglerod zanjiri uzunligini C) antrasen moyi, tarkibi anstrasen va fenantren
(nm) hisoblang. l(C – C) = 0,154 nm. D) karbol moyi, tarkibi fenollar
A) 61,6 B) 616 C) 308 D) 30,8 --------------------------------------------------------------
Yechim: 18. 34 g 2–metilbutadiyen–1,3 polimerlanganda sp3
2000*2 = 4000 ta C-C bog’ bor. – gibridlangan orbitallar soni 3,2 ∙ NA ga ortgan
4000*0.154 = 616nm bo’lsa, polimerlanish reaksiyasi unumi (%)
-------------------------------------------------------------- hisoblang.
14. Etilen polimerlanganda 100 ta (–CH2–CH2–) 100 A) 60 B) 75 C) 80 D) 85
va 400 ta (–CH2–CH2–) 400 hosil bo’ldi. Polimerning Yechim:
o’rtacha molekular massasini aniqlang. Izoprenda – 4ta
A) 7280 B) 9520 C) 4480 D) 6720 Poliizoprenda -12 ta . 8 ta ortadi 1molda.
Yechim: 1mol------------8m ortadi.
100 ∗ 2800 + 400 ∗ 11200 0.4=x-----------------3.2m
𝑀𝑟 = = 9520𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙
100 + 400 0.5mol------------100%
-------------------------------------------------------------- 0.4mol----------x=80%
15. 5,4 g divinilning ma’lum qismi polimerlanganda --------------------------------------------------------------
0,00025 ∙ NA ta makromolekula hosil bo’ldi. 19. Poliizopren molekulasida 2700 dona gibrid
Olingan reaksion aralashma 800 g 3% li bromli orbitallar mavjud bo’lsa, 2–metilbutadiyen–1,3 ning
suvni rangsizlantirsa, polimerlanish darajasini polimerlanish darajasini aniqlang.
aniqlang. A) 300 B) 200 C) 100 D) 150
A) 200 B) 250 C) 500 C) 400 Yechim: [-CH2CH(CH3)=CHCH2-]
Yechim: 5.4/54=0.1mol divinil bor, polimerlanganda gibridlanish o’zgaradi. Jami
polimerlanganda hosil bo’lgan monomer taribinda orbitallar soni 18ta (12ta sp3 va 6 ta sp2) bo’ladi.
bitta qo’sh bog’ saqlaydi, polimerlanmagani esa 18n = 2700
ikkita qo’shbog’ saqlaydi. n= 150
800*0.03=24g/160 = 0.15mol brom birikadi. --------------------------------------------------------------
0.1m dan x moli polimerlansa qolgani x molga 20. Polimerlanish darajasi 300 bo’lgan polimerning
kamayadi brom . massasi 324 g. Agar polimerlanishda 6,0 mol
0.2 – x = 0.15 monomer qatnashgan bo’lsa, polimerni toping.
x=0.05mol polimerlangan. A) polipropilen B) divinil
0.00025NA --------0.05m C) poliizopren D) neylon
1m---------------x= 200 ta monomer. Yechim :
-------------------------------------------------------------- 6mol --------------324g
16. Izopren namunasi 80% unum bilan 1mol---------x=54g/mol monomer miqdori.
polimerlanganda sp3–gibrid orbitallari soni 3,2 ∙ NA --------------------------------------------------------------
ga ortdi. Namunadagi alkadiyen massasini (g) 21. Molekular massasi 16968 bo’lgan kapron H–[–
hisoblang. HN–(CH2) 5–CO–]n–OH tolasining bitta
A) 34 B) 27,2 C) 102 D) 54,4 makromolekulasida nechta bog’ hosil qilishda
Yechim: qatnashgan sp3–gibrid orbital mavjud?
Izoprenda – 4ta A) 3452 B) 3602 C) 3302 D) 3152
Poliizoprenda -12 ta . 8 ta ortadi 1molda. Yechim:
1mol------------8m ortadi. H–[–HN–(CH2) 5–CO–]n–OH
0.4=x-----------------3.2m 113n+ 18 = 16968 n=150 n
2
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Bitta zvenoda . 23 *150 + 2 = 3452 27. Butadiyen–1,3 ning o’rtacha polimerlanish
OH dagi 2 ni ham qo’shdik. darajasi 300 bo’lsa, 405 g monomerdan necha mol
-------------------------------------------------------------- butadiyen kauchuk olinadi?
22. Polipropilen tarkibidagi N(H) – N(C) = 450 A) 0,020 B) 0,025
bo’lsa, polimerning molekular massasini hisoblang. C) 0,030 D) 0,040
A) 10500 B) 8400 C) 4200 D) 6300 Yechim:
Yechim: 405 / 54=7.5mol monomer.
[-C3H6-]n = 6-3=3n ta farq. 300mol--------------1mol kauchuk.
3n = 450 7.5mol----------------x=0.025mol kauchuk.
n= 150 --------------------------------------------------------------
42 * 150 = 6300g/mol 28. Polietilen massasi uning tarkibidagi uglerod
-------------------------------------------------------------- atomlari massasidan 800 g ga ko’p bo’lsa,
23. Sis–1,4–poliizopren namunasi tarkibida sp2– polimerning o’rtacha molar massasini (g/mol)
gibrid orbitallar soni 1200 ∙ NA. Ushbu fragmentning hisoblang.
massasini (g) hisoblang. A) 8400 B) 9800
A) 23800 B) 17000 C) 7000 D) 5600
C) 13600 D) 20400 Yechim: [-C2H4-] = 28n-24n=4n farq
Yechim: 4n = 800
[-CH2C(CH3)=CHCH2-]n = 6n ta sp2 bor. n= 200
6n = 1200 28 * 200 = 5600
n= 200 --------------------------------------------------------------
68 * 200 = 13600g/mol 29. Molekular og’irligi 17700 ga teng bo’lgan
-------------------------------------------------------------- xloropren kauchukning polimerlanish darajasini
24. 324 g butadiyen–1,3 dan 0,02 mol butadiyen toping.
kauchuk olinsa, o’rtacha polimerlanish darajasi A) 150 B) 250 C) 300 D) 200
qanday bo’lgan? Yechim:
A) 500 B) 600 C) 300 D) 400 Xloropren kauchuk: [-CH2C(Cl)CHCH2] =88,5n
Yechim: Butadien mollarini topamiz. 88,5n = 17700
324 / 54 = 6 mol butadien. n=200
0.02mol---------6m --------------------------------------------------------------
1m--------x=300 ta zveno bor. 30. 25,2 g propilenning polimerlanishidan hosil
-------------------------------------------------------------- bo’lgan namunada 0,002 ∙ NA dona makromolekula
25. Poliizopren molekular massasi 13600 ga teng bor. Reaksiyaga kirishmagan propen bromli suv
bo’lsa, polimer tarkibida necha dona gibrid orbitallar orqali o’tkazilganda idish massasi 4,2 g ga ortdi.
mavjudligini aniqlang. Polipropilenning polimerlanish darajasini aniqlang.
A) 3600 B) 5400 C) 4500 D) 7200 A) 350 B) 250 C) 300 D) 200
Yechim: Yechim: Bromli suvda propilen qoladi,
Zveno: [CH2C(CH3)CHCH2]n 25.2 – 4.2 = 21g polimerlangan .
68n = 13600 21g----------------------0.002mol
n=200 x------------------------1m
Monomer zvenoda 12+6 = 18 ta gibrid bor. x=10500/42=250 polimerlanish darajasi.
200 * 18 = 3600ta gibrid orbital bor. --------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------
26. Trans–1,4–poliizopren molekular massasi 13600 Javoblar:
ga teng bo’lsa, uning molekulasida necha dona 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
vodorod atomi borligini toping. 0 A D B A B A D A A
A) 1600 B) 2800 C) 2000 D) 2400 1 C B A B B A A A C D
[CH2C(CH3)CHCH2]n 2 B A D C C A A B D D
68n = 13600 3 B
n=200
200 * 8 = 1600ta H atomi bor.
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