WEEK #14

Lesson A: Adjectives vs Adverbs

Lesson B: Comparative and
superlative adjectives and adverbs
 V E S V S AD
T I VE
E C RB
J
D

S
A
GRAMMAR
TOPIC
ADJECTIVES VS. ADVERBS
ADJECTIVES ARE WORDS THAT ADVERBS ARE WORDS THAT MODIFY
DESCRIBE EVERYTHING. VERBS AND OTHER ADVERBS.

EXAMPLES EXAMPLES

SHE HAS A GENERAL KNOWLEDGE ABOUT HE IS EXTREMELY GOOD TO EXPRESS HIS

MATHEMATICS. IDEAS.

IN THIS CASE GENERAL IS THE ADJECTIVE IN THIS CASE EXTREMELY IS THE ADVERB
 AS A REVIEW
EXTREMELY
ADVERBS...
IT IS EXTREMELY
IMPORTANT TO FOLLOW TO TALK ABOUT DEGREE RELATIVELY
THE DIRECTIONS
EXACTLY. I FOUND THE TEST
HE WORKS EXTREMELY RELATIVELY EASY
HE WAS CHARGED
HARD.
HIGHLY WITH A RELATIVELY
SHE HAD A HIGHLY MINOR OFFENCE
SUCCESSFUL CAREER
AS A PORTRAIT
PAINTER.
IT IS HIGHLY
UNLIKELY THAT
SHE'LL BE LATE
 AS A REVIEW
SCIENTIFICALLY
ADVERBS...
OUR INGREDIENTS
ARE SCIENTIFICALLY
LUNGUISTICALLY
MESTIZOS ARE
TESTED
CULTURALLY,
HE APPROACHES
LINGUISTICALLY, AND
EVERYTHING VERY
OFTEN RACIALLY MIXED
SCIENTIFICALLY
PEOPLE
THIS IS AN ETHNICALLY
TO TALK AND LINGUISTICALLY
DIVERSE REGION
ABOUT
TYPE
 AS A REVIEW
INCREDIBLY
ADVERBS...
ORGANIZATIONS DOING
INCREDIBLY IMPORTANT
REMARKABLY
WORK THE CAR IS IN
IT WAS ALL INCREDIBLY REMARKABLY GOOD
DIFFICULT. CONDITION FOR ITS
AGE.
THE TWO REPORTS
ARE REMARKABLY
TO TALK SIMILAR.

ABOUT
OPINION
 AS A REVIEW
SPECIALLY
ADVERBS...
IT WILL BE HARD TO
WORK TODAY— PARTICULARLY
SPECIALLY WHEN IT'S I PARTICULARLY LIKE
SO WARM AND SUNNY THE COLOUR OF THE
OUTSIDE.
WALLS.
WE CAME SPECIALLY TO
TRAFFIC IS BAD,
SEE YOU.
PARTICULARLY IN
TO TALK THE CITY CENTRE.

ABOUT
FOCUS
 TIME TO
PRACTICE
 TIME TO
PRACTICE
 A R C O M P
M M A RI
R A N G
G
Comparative and Superlative
Adjectives and Adverbs
COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE ADJETIVES AND ADVERBS

A Comparative Adjective is a word that describes a noun

by comparing it to another noun. Comparative
adjectives typically end in ‘er' and are followed by the
word ‘than’.

A Superlative Adjective is a word that describes a noun

by comparing it to two or more nouns to the highest or
lowest degree. Superlative adjectives typically end in
‘est’ and are preceded by the word ‘the’.
 EXAMPLES
Adjectives

COMPARATIVES
- I feel happier, and I ́ve gotten better at it.
- I'm more confident and less nervous.
- I ́m not as fast as I ́d like to be.

SUPERLATIVES
-The race is my biggest and best challenge.
-Taking a course was the most sensible idea.
-I was the least experienced presenter.
 EXAMPLES
Adverbs
COMPARATIVES
- I ́m training harder, and I ́ve gotten better at it.
- I ́m improving more slowly than I'd hoped.
- I practiced less often than I should
- I don ́t play as often as I should.

SUPERLATIVES
- We all train hard, but I train (the) hardest
- I train (the) most often on weekends. (Superlative adverbs with least are not common)
 NOTICE

- Use in for places and organizations: I ́m the fastest rider in the club.
(NOT... of the club)
- Don't confuse worse and worst: The worst thing is speaking ... (NOT
the worse thing...)
 Short adjectives ended in
consonant-vowel-consonant
We have to double the final consonant and add -er or the -est:

Big: Bigger/The biggest.

Sad: Sadder/The saddest.
Hot: Hotter/The hottest.
*Don't double a final "w":
New = Newer/The newest.
Some two-syllable adjectives have two forms

Simple: Simpler - More simple/The simplest - The most

simple.
Common: Commoner - More common/The commonest
- The most Common.
Handsome: Handsomer - More handsome/The
handsomest - The most handsome.
Clever: Cleverer - More clever/The cleverest - The
most clever. Some others: Quiet, gentle, narrow,
friendly, polite, stupid.
Exercises with comparatives
and superlatives
 COMPARATIVE AND AS ... AS
WE USE AS + ADJECTIVE/ADVERB + AS TO
MAKE COMPARISONS WHEN THE THINGS WE
ARE COMPARING ARE EQUAL OR UNEQUAL IN
SOME WAY:
EXAMPLES

I ́m not as fast as I ́d like to be.

Erik is as strong as Mike.
 COMPARATIVE AND AS ... AS,
EXERCISE:
USE THE FOLLOWING WORDS AND THE FORM "AS...AS" TO FILL IN THE
BLANKS SPACES: STRONG, DANGEROUS, CLEARLY.
1. ROCK CLIMBING IS NOT ________________
MOUNTAIN CLIMBING.
2. AT HIGH ALTITUDES, YOU CAN'T THINK
________________ YOU CAN AT LOWER
ALTITUDES.
3. JOSH TRAINED WELL, AND HE WAS
_________________ HIS FRIEND DIEGO.
 Some adjectives and adverbs have
the same form:

Adjectives
Farmers are hard workers.
He wants a fast meal.
We had a late dinner.
He had an early lunch.
Adverbs
They work hard.
Don't eat so fast.
We ate dinner late.
He ate lunch early.

Note: The -ly in "early" isn't an adverb ending.

 Similar advers with different
meaning:

Examples:
She worked hard to prepare a good meal.
Her son hardly ate anything.
HE CAME HOME LATE AND MISSED
DINNER.
HE DOESN'T GET ENOUGH EXERCISE
LATELY.