aT OF tte | anguage RN aAPPENDIX A [RICICNERS A aaareas.. get off -> got off. also... 3 get on got on . anything . 3 get out > got out 2 anything else 2 get (to) ~ got (to) 2 at first . : 2 give > gave... ... se eee 3 atlast, 4 fo sightseeing ~ went sightseeing .. 4 awful 4 grade B 2 4H bank... helicopter. . 2 because 8 help (n) 3 blade 4 he. ood boat . 2 Here you are. 2 ak 20 him... 3 ys 4 home (ady) (n) 2 c 2 hotel......+ 4 camera... 1 = 2 cash a check ; Be 1 change (n) . a How's it going? . 1 oer 3 2 identification. .. 3 cheek in . $ 1 on “3 check out feces ek 1 Fil sinmeai@lacanmanasunecrnets 2 Mok ‘3 lake . it tg later. “f cut—> cut . <2 leave ~ left 3 D leave a tip aS delicious. . e letter .. | deliver . +68 letter carrier . 3 Do you think it'll rain? . 1 load ... 4 driver's license . : 13 long (time/trip) . = “1 (OM “A mail (n) (v)..... 3 2 mailman/mailmen, . 3 me... 8 menu 2 film. 4 money order . - wz final . 4 mountain +B finish .3 ON ot for (time) . os 3 6 3 get + got (become) - al nothing . : : get in-> gotin.... +2 nothing else 3 BOOK 6 APPENDIX =o P CCCI son nenaneciseneieenies order (n) (v) overnight. . package . pick out . posteard. i wiste Rm rain (n) (v) raincoat . rainy . relax... Test (n) (v) return address , roll (of)... homme short (time/trip) . show (v)... shower . sight. sightsecing sign . sky. smile .... snow (n) (v) snowy... something something else stamp. state. stay. storm stormy. street sun sunny, sunshine : sure (adj) (adv)... 2... Memmi DHE Ee RRO ee N took a vacation teller them. think ~ thought (about) This is on me. . tip. travel. . traveler's check Robe be meh ee umbrella . upset us. tote vacation. vehicle . = we waiter waitress. weather . . without .... would like (to), write a check... bebo toe RR BD ‘ANERICAN LANGUAGE COURSEUN did th) Structure List PART OF WORDOR SPEECH STRUCTURE SENTENCE PATTERN LESSON Adverb Connective of addition Sara went to the bank, She 3 also also went to the post office. Adverb Interrogative How will he get to the 2 how (in what way?) airport? Adverb Interrogative How's your dinner? 1 how (in what condition?) Adverb Interrogative Why are you smiling? 4 why (for what reason?) Because I'm happy. with because answer Conjunction Simple coordinating I swim,and youplay soccer. 4 connective and, but You play soccer, but you don't swim. Noun Indirect Object Sue mailed Bill a package. 3 Noun clause Direct Object I think (that) I'll go home. 1 think that + noun clause (that optional) Pronoun _ Indefinite Is anything wrong? 2 something, nothing, No, nothing's wrong. anything ‘Yes, something is wrong. Pronoun Personal objective Bruce will like it. 2 me, you, him, her us, Henry doesn't see us. them, it, you (pl) Sara is talking to her. Verb Modal of desire/want What would you like to eat? 2 would like (to) I'd like chicken, please. BOOK 6 APPENDIX— USER NOTES - ‘AMERICAN LANGUAGE COURSEAPPENDIX C MRZESimertets Bk6 1:1 BkG6 1:2 Bk6 1:3 Bk6 1:4 Bk6 1:5 Bk6 1:6 Bk6 1:7 Bk6 1:8 Bk6 1:9 Bk6 1:10 Bk6 1:11 Bk6 1:12 Bk6 1:13 Bk6 1:14 Bk6 1:15 Bk6 1:16 Bk6 1:17 Bk6 2:1 Bk6 2:2 Bk6 2:3 Bk6 2:4 Bk6 2:5 Bk6 2:6 Bk6 2:7 Bk6 2:8 Bk6 2:9 Bk6 2:10 Bk6 2:11 BkG 2:12 Bk6 2:13 change clear cloudy raincoat. rainy score shower sky snowy stormy sunny think + thought (about) umbrella wet windy blade boat check cut ~ cut helicopter home house jet leave a tip > left a tip menu order server ship Bk6 3:1 Bk6 3:2 Bk6 3:3 Bk6 3:4 Bk6 3:5 Bk6 3:6 Bk6 3:7 Bké6 3:8 Bk6 3:9 Bk6 3:10 Bk6 3:11 Bk6 3:12 Bk6 3:13 Bk6 3:14 Bké6 44 Bké 0 Bk6 4:11 address bank check crowded driver's license letter mail money order package posteard post office envelope sign stamp street traveler's check camera film hotel lake mountain ocean relax rest smile state tree BOOK6 APPENDIX~USER NOTES — ‘ANERIOAN LANGUAGE COURSEgdh The English Alphabet CURSIVE SMALL CAPITAL Eo Gwe e seaqrew HAND PRINTED TYPESCRIPT CAPITAL SMALL CAPITAL SMALL. = zoegrea FoR eH a Zonernn rFa> Bx +N eos > BR AS Hpb BRN BOOK 6 APPENDIXry ~ USER NOTES — ‘AMERICAN LANGUAGE COURSE| APPENDIX E | 138) American English Sounds English is not spelled phonetically. The same sound is spelled several different ways. For this reason it is helpful to assign separate symbols to each sound, The following is the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) system. Twenty-four (24) consonant symbols, eleven (11) vowel symbols, and five (5) symbols representing diphthongs are used to represent the significant sounds of American English. These charts are only aids and not to be memorized. However, the students must be aware of the different sounds represented in these charts. They must be able to recognize and repeat them accurately. VOWELS CONSONANTS Symbol Examples Symbol Examples MM he, meet, teach, chief /p! past, stop, put, paper hi in, is, sit, big Jb! bed, baby, barber, lab Je/ day, make, train, vein, steak Iti take, sent, ten, gentle fel met, let, said, bread id! date, student, do, hard Je/ cash, half, laugh, hand Jk! car, chemical, recorder, book Ja/ father, far, heart, pot, not Jo! gas, eggs, dog, cigar ofall, saw, bought, caught /m/ arm, my, number, from Jou] go, know, coat, tow, pole In! no, line, find, noon Jv] book, took, good, should Jn) sing, long, wrong, rank Ju/ food, blue, blew, do, soup M ~~ well, laboratory, always, let lal cup, son, sun, enough ed read, course, for, write MM farmer, affirm, phone, laugh Jox/ I, nice, tie, buy; by, write fof noise, boy, point, oil Jav/ out, now, town, mouth Ja! ago, alphabet, listen, student Wi very. give, live, seven /8{ thank, Thursday, bath, north PI! the, this, these, weather BI her, bird, doctor, earn Js} see, this, lesson, tapes J2| zero, rose, blows, dozen 4! ship, nation, should, push /3/ pleasure, measure, usual Jnl have, he, how, hot If! chair, teacher, picture, march Ids judge, bridge, page, July Iwi we, walk, wish, away il yes, you, yesterday, young BOOK 6 APPENDIX- USER NOTES — "AMERIGAN LANGUAGE COURSEEGGENE Ga List of Contra arent ~ (are not) welll (we will /we shall ) can't — (cannot) weve: = (rerené) couldn’t — (could not) we've — (wehave) didn't — (did not) what's — (whatis) doesn't — (does not) where's — (where is) don’t —- (donot) who's — (who is /who has) hasn't — (has not) won't = (will not) haven't — (have not) wouldn’t - (would not) hed = — (he would /he had) youd — (you would/ you had) hell — (he will) you'll — (you will) he's — (he is /he has) you're — (you are) how's — (howis) you've — (you have) ra = (would /Thad) rll — (will /I shall) Tm — (am) I've - (have) isn’t — (isnot) its - (it is /it has) let’s - (let us) mustn't — (must not) she'd — (she would / she had) she'll - (she will / she shall) she’s — (sheis/she has) shouldn't - (should not) that's - (that is) they'd — (they would / they had) theyll — (they will / they shall) they're - (they are) they've - (they have) we'd - (we would / we had) BOOK 6 APPENDIX Zz130 — USER NOTES — ‘AMERICAN LANGUAGE COURSETTT EH Spelling Rules for VERB ENDING -ED ENDING BASE FORM | PASTTENSE talked | 2 consonants cc = es want wanted 2 vowels + 1 7 repeat repeated aor Is conso- we Pp add clean cleaned vowel +y vy ved iy ised vowel + consonant d ina2syallable | VQ Span: SPER word with stress on first syllable answer answered Drop the-e circle cireled consonant + Ce and add -ed shave shaved vowel + consonant te ina L-syllable word | YS re atop stomped consonant vowel + consonant and add occur occurred ina 2-syllable word | yo a with stress on sec- veh , ond syllable prefer preferred stud Stud Change y toi 2 studied consonant + cr and aa ary dried “ try tried BOOK 6 APPENDIX132 - USER NOTES— ANERICAN LANGUAGE COURSEGiga LS Patterns of Irregular Verbs PAST INFINITIVE | PAST Eee vCELE 1. Three principal parts the same | hit hit hit quit quit quit split split split bet bet bet let let let set set set put put put cut. cut cut shut shut shut bid bid bid hurt hurt burt burst burst burst cost cost cost shed shed shed spread spread spread cast cast cast 2. Last two principal parts the same a. Final consonant change only have had had make made made build built built bend bent bent spend spent spent send sent sent meat met met ‘b. Vowel change only ee ae iat bleed bled bled feed fed fed lead led led light lit lit slide slid slid sit ‘sat sat shoot shot shot hold held held win won won shine shone shone BOOK 6 APPENDIK ro)PAST INFINITIVE | PAST PARTICIPLE find found found wind wound wound bind bound bound dig dug dug stick stuck stuck strike struck struck c. Vowel change - Addition oft or-d | sleep slept slept keep kept kept creep crept crept weep wept wept think thought | thought teach taught taught buy bought bought catch caught caught fight fought fought seek sought sought mean meant meant leave left left flee fled fled tell told told sell sold sold lose lost lost hear heard heard understand | understood | understood 3. Three principal parts differ a. No similarity be was baa go went nae do did done b. Vowel change - Addition of -n arise arose -aitbei, drive drove driven fly flew Ree ele rode ridden eae | rose risen, ¢. Vowel change - No- sing sang _ ning. rang runy drink drank aris swim swam iKitn begin began begun ea ‘AMERICAN LANGUAGE COURSEd. First and third vowels similar e, Second and third vowels similar INFINITIVE PAST PAST PARTICIPLE blow blew blown know knew known grow grew grown throw threw thrown run ran run come came come eat ate eaten give gave given see saw seen draw drew drawn break broke broken speak spoke spoken choose chose chosen steal stole stolen tear tore torn wear wore worn swear swore sworn bear bore born get got got (gotten) forget forgot forgotten BOOK 6 APPENDIX- USER NOTES - ‘AMERICAN LANGUAGE COURSECs) Punctuation and Capitalization Punctuation A. PERIOD (,) 1. Use a period at the end of a statement or command. The pen and paper are on the table. Go to the chalkboard and write your name. Use a period after an abbreviation or an initial, NOTE: Abbreviated military ranks do not require a period. Feb, (February) Mr. Brown am. Dr. Smith (Doctor Smith) Ms. Little pm. J.Jones (John Jones) Mrs. White ‘Maj Johnson B. QUESTION MARK (?) Use a question mark afler a question, Sometimes the question may be written like a statement, How many children are in your family? He's here today? . EXCLAMATION MARK (!) Use an exclamation mark after words, sentences, or expressions that show excite- ment, surprise, or emotion. Any exclamation, even ifnot a sentence, will end with an exclamation mark. What a game! Look out! Doit! Wow! Oh! 1, Use quotation marks to show the words of a speaker. They're always placed above the line and are used in pairs. John said, "The commissary closes at 2100 hours today." “Where are the children?” she asked. 2, Ifthe words of the speaker are divided into two parts, use quotation marks around both parts. “Do you," she asked, “go to the library after class?” 3, Use quotation marks around the titles of chapters, articles, parts of books and magazines, short poems, short stories, and songs. Last night, | read the chapter “Grammar Is Easy” in our book. Then, I read the article “Learning English” in the newspaper. BOOKS APPENDIX re—. APOSTROPHE (’) 1. Use an apostrophe in contractions. Im she's theyre isn't aren’t can't what's where's Bob's o'clock (of the clock) 2, Use an apostrophe to indicate possession. a, If the noun is singular, add~'s. Bill's book the girl's coat b. When the noun is plural, add~’s, if the plural does not end in s. the children’s clothes the men's shirts ¢. If the plural noun ends in s, add only an apostrophe. the boys’ shoes the libraries’ books F. COMMA(,) 1, Use commas to separa items in a se Wo ato sandwiches, potato chips, and truit for lunch, She looked behind the chairs, under the bed, and in the kitchen for her notebook. 2. Use 1 comma before the conjunctions and, but, of, nor, for, yet when they join independent clauses. Wo lived in Venezuela for three years, and then we retumed to the United States. Frank can speak Chinese well, but he can't read it. 3. Use a comma after an introductory clause or phrase to separate it from the rest of the sentence. Alter wo study this book, we want to take a break Because John was sick, he didn't take the test. Looking up at the sky, the small boy suddenly ran home. 4, Use a comma after words such as yes, no, well when they begin a sentence. Do you want fo go tothe library? I didn’t pass the test. Yes, Ido. Well, study more. o Use commas to separate the words of a speaker from the rest of the sentence. “Listen to me.” she said. Jack asked, “Where's my lunch?” “I don't know," said John, “the answer to the question.” 6. Use a comma in dates and addresses. June 9, 1970 143 Main Street, Los Angeles, California =a AMERICAN LANGUAGE COURSE7. Use a comma in figures to separate thousands. 5,000 (or 5000) Capitalization 1. Capitalize the first word ofa sentence. The boy stood up and walked outside. Your book is behind the chair. 2. Capitalize the names of people, cities, states, countries, and languages. Mark Bill Mary Linda San Antonio Chicago Houston London Texas California Florida New York Spain United States Canada Venezuela Arabic Chinese Russian English 3. Capitalize the names of schools, streets, buildings, bridges, companies, and orga- nizations. Defense Language Institute University of Chicago Main Street Empire State Building Golden Gate Bridge Ford Motor Company General Motors National Football League 4. Capitalize the days of the week, months of the year, and holidays. Sunday Monday Tuesday June uly August Christmas Easter Thanksgiving a . Capitalize titles and military ranks before names. Gen Roberts Capt Smith Sgt Jones Professor Land President Lincoln . Capitalize the pronoun “I.” I can't go with you. I'm happy to see you again. . Capitalize the first word of every direct quotation, She asked, “Can | sithere?” a “We saw her,” said John, ‘at the university.” 2 x BOOK 6 APPENDIX =- USER NOTES — "AMERICAN LANGUAGE COURSEC\dd502)).G0) Transparency Masters and Activity Photographs The following masters may be copied for use with an overhead projector or as. photocopies: TV Schedule; BELI#1 Car ad; B6L1#2 Blank postcard; B6L3#2 . Blank check; B6L3#3.. Blank traveler's check; B6L3#4 . Blank money order; B6L3#5 Map; B6L3#6 Activity photograph; B6L2 #1 Activity photograph; B6L2 #2 BOOK6 APPENDIX