A binding is strongest at transition state A

allosteric binding >

- substance binds to enzyme not at the active site (affects encyme's
ability to catalyze reactions >
& substances can be activators or inhibitors

videos e six tubes of enzymes

1 .
TRANSFERASE : Some functional group "X" is moved from molecule B to A

A + BX - AX + B

e X-
>.
protein translation
. LIGASE :
2 combining 2 molecules to form a complex
A + B - AB

e .
X-DNA replication
. OXIDOREDUCTASE
3 : transfer of electrons from BOA Or A +O B
A + B : = A : + B

> lactic acid

. X-
e fermentation
4
. ISOMERASE : Molecule is being converted to its isomer
-
A B

.X -
e > Conversion of glucose-6-phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate
5
. HYDROLASE : Use of water to Split I molecule into 2 other molecules
A + H20 >
- B + C

e X > .
-
hydrolysis reactions
6 .
LYASE : disassociation of molecule into 2 molecules wo use of water
A
- B + C

e >
. X- clearage of argininosuccinate >
- arginine + succinate
* need to generate a double bond or ring structure in a molecule in order to work

video 4- cofactors , coenzymes , Vitamins

Coenzyme - organic CARRIER molecule (hold onto something for an enzymes
e X- .
NADH "electron carrier"

"transfer things from one molecule to another

cofactors -> directly involved in an enzymes Catalutic mechanism

e X-DNA .
Polymerase uses Mg2 + as a positively charged molecule to
Stabilize the negative charge of DNA
"Stabilize enzy me/substrates ,
Convert one substrate into another
"

Vitamins >
- can act as a cofactor or coenzyme ,
all organic ,
can only be gained through die+

5-
video > enzymes and their local environment

enzymes work best in specific environments

& PH and temperature