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Ac..rivit v
Topic • Factorisation of Poh·nomi,lls.
j
Objective To interpret geometrically the factors of a quadratic expression of the type xl I hx
using square grids strip s and paper slips. +c

Previous knowledge required :

1. Area of rectangle, square.
2. Splitting of middle term to make factors of a quadratic polynomial.
3. Multiplication of polynomial.
Materials required :
Square grids, strips and paper slips.
Preparation for the activity :
,,

Take b = 6, c = 8 :. The polynomial is x2 + 6x + 8.

The numbers whose sum is 6 and product is 8 are 4 and 2.
l ;
Therefore, x2 + 6x + 8 = x2 + 4x + 2x + 8.
(t) Take a square grid of dimensions 10 x 10 lx = 10] as shown
in Fig. 6(a ). It represents x2.
(ii) Add four strips of dimensions xx 1 as shown in Fig. 6(b) to
the Fig. 6(a), we get the Fig. 6(c).
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(iu) Fig. 6(c) represents a rectangle of dimensions (x + 4) x x.
Therefore, its area is x2 + 4x.
- .,
(w ) Add two strips of dimensions x x-1 as shown in Fig. 6(e) to Ag.\ <•l
the Fig. 6(c), we get the Fig. 6(d). ~ - - x• ...... 2 ..

(v) Area of the two strips

- , -r---

- - .+~ I - - :J ~l
added to Fig. 6(c) is -
2 Y x x l = 2x.
Therefore, total a rea
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t
+
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-- >- -
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,_
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-
- >-- -
-- 1--r-•+--+-·
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E l1 _J_
of Fig. 6(d) is
xi+ 4x + 2x.
x
I ~ l1
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1
>- >----
x
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~ ~
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I - -~- >---- ,.

·- l I- ~

4
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-~ ~ r ~
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t - - -- T '

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ll!
4
- t -- l
,--

X
Ag. 6 (c) Fig. 6 (d) • S g I
Candid Laboratory Manual in Mathematic ..
~rz") Add eigh t strip s of dim ensi ons 1 x 1 as show n
in Fig. 6(f) to Fig. 6(d), we get Fig. 6(g).

I□ D □□□□ G i.J
,. " ,.._!

Fig. 6 (,,

(en) By add ing eigh t strip s to Fig. 6{d), a recta ngle

is com plete d of dim ensi ons (x + 4) x
(x - 2) in Fig. 6<g)_ ~o\\ -, th~ tota l area of this
recta ngle is x 2 + 4x + LY + 8.
Res ult : Area of rectangle fonnea in Fig. 6(g) = ~ + 4-x
+ lx + 8
Also , d1mc JistC1 1s of tJu.s rectm gle is (x + 4) x (x + 2)
Area = (x ~ 4) x <x + 2)
.·. <x - 4) <x -- 2 ) = x2 + 4x T 2.x + 8
.·. fx - 4J i x -r 2J = x2 + 6x + 8.

Tak e b = - 5 and c =6
:. The poly norr ial is x2 - 5x - 6.
The num bers who se sum is - 5 and prod uct is 6
T
X 2
-
are - 3 and - 2. '
Tner e:ore, x2 - 5x - 6 = x2 - 3x - 2x + 6. I

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(i) Tak e a squa re grid of dim ensions 10 x 10 as i r
show n X
I ,.,
m Fig. 6 l hJ. It repr esen ts x-"l . I i l
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(a) Rem ove three s trip s of dim ensi ons x x 1 from the l I l i I
Fig . 6f h, as s h o \.,·n in F ig . 6 (e ). It repr e~en t_ I I I
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a ' I
rect angl e of dim ensi on.s Cr - 3) x x as show n m Fig. I I I
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I I I
6lh. rne refore, its area is x2 - 3x. I I
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. I \ ,.
(ni; Rem O\'e h~ientv stnp s of d:.rr.e:-L5io:1.s 1 x 1 from the
Hg~ fl l J ~o get the Fig. 6{ 1. Area of rn:enty strip s
1
4 I

I
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I !
1
I I
\
I
J

\ Ui!i.
:

= Area o f h\.,. 0 strip s of dim ensi ons x x 1 = 2·r. ...t. I

I
l , t
I
I • .. ·

:. _rl..rca or t~e Fig. 6 _r • :ea ~~ced tO ·.,,2 - 3 X - ? \'

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Fig. 6 (g)
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