2022 International

2022 International Conference on Machine

Conference on Machine Learning,
Learning, Computer
Computer Systems Security (MLCSS)
Systems and Security (MLCSS)

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ResNet50V2 : A Transfer Learning Model to Predict
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Pneumonia with chest X-ray images

Sashikanta Prusty1
6DVKLNDQWD3UXVW\ Srikanta P atnaik2
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Prof. Sujit Kumar Dash3
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Prof.
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2022 International Conference on Machine Learning, Computer Systems and Security (MLCSS) | 978-1-6654-5493-3/22/$31.00 ©2022 IEEE | DOI: 10.1109/MLCSS57186.2022.00046

Department of Computer Department Department of Electrical

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Abstract:
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In the Covid-19 pandemic days, it is critical to diagnose EHHQLPSOHPHQWHG$QRWKHURIWHQW\SLFDODSSOLFDWLRQRIDFKHVW
been implemented. Another often typical application of a chest
WKHGLVHDVHGXHWROHVVDYDLODELOLW\RIPHGLFDOEHGVDQGRIKDYLQJ
the disease due to less availability of medical beds and of having ;UD\ LV
X-ray is toWR LGHQWLI\
identify DQRPDOLHV
anomalies LQ WKH OXQJV
in the lungs, KRZHYHU
however,
DODUJHQXPEHURILQIHFWHGSHRSOH7KXVLQLWLDOVFUHHQLQJRIWKH
a large number of infected people. Thus, initial screening of the VRPHWLPHV
sometimes LW it FDQ XQFRYHU defects
can uncover GHIHFWV inLQ the
WKH heart,
KHDUW YDOYHV
valves, DQG
and
FKHVW
chest LV
is PXFK
much QHHGHGWR
needed to DYRLG WKH diseases
avoid the GLVHDVHV OLNH
like &RYLGOXQJ
Covid-19, lung SOHXUDO OLJDPHQWV
pleural ligaments. )RU For H[DPSOH
example, JODQGXODU
glandular HSLWKHOLXP
epithelium,
FDQFHUKHDUWGLVHDVHDQGPDQ\RWKHUFRQGLWLRQVEHIRUHWKHVHDUH
cancer, heart disease, and many other conditions before these are SQHXPRQLD influenza,
pneumonia, LQIOXHQ]D DEVFHVVHV
abscesses, PDOLJQDQFLHV
malignancies, FDQFHU
cancer,
FDXVHGWRVHYHUH+RZHYHUWKHELJJHVWDGYDQFHPHQWRIWKH;UD\
caused to severe. However, the biggest advancement ofthe X-ray
DVWKPDFDUGLDFDUUHVWSQHXPRWKRUD[DQGIUDFWXUHVFDQDOOEH
asthma, cardiac arrest, pneumothorax, and fractures can all be
PDFKLQHLVWKDWLWXVHVDYHU\PRGHVWGRVDJHRILRQL]LQJUDGLDWLRQ
machine is that it uses a very modest dosage of ionizing radiation
LGHQWLILHGE\XVLQJDFKHVW;UD\7KHYLUDOSQHXPRQLDFDVHV
identified by using a chest X-ray. The viral pneumonia cases
WRREWDLQLPDJHVRIWKHLQVLGHRIWKHFKHVW,QWKHPHDQWLPH'HHS
to obtain images of the inside of the chest. In the meantime, Deep
GLVFRYHUHG during
discovered GXULQJ Da &29,'
COVID- 1 9 RXWEUHDN
outbreak KDYHhave a D KLJK
high
OHDUQLQJ
learning (DL)'/  in
LQ healthcare
KHDOWKFDUH SURYLGHV
provides Da SURPLQHQW
prominent VROXWLRQ
solution toWR
OLNHOLKRRG of
likelihood RI being
EHLQJ COVID-
&29,' 1 9 LQIHFWLRQV>@
infections [2]. 7KHThe YDULDQFHV
variances
LGHQWLI\ WKH disease
identify the GLVHDVH IURP WKH KXJH
from the huge DPRXQW
amount RI of PHGLFDO
medical LPDJHV
images.
7KH'/EDVHG7UDQVIHU/HDUQLQJ
The DL-based Transfer Learning (TL) 7/ PRGHODFWVDVDSRZHUIXO
model acts as a powerful
VXFKDVWKRVHLQWKHOXQJVKHDUWIDLOXUHDQGFKHVWERQHVDUH
such as those in the lungs, heart failure, and chest bones, are

WHFKQLTXH for
technique IRU H[WUDFWLQJ
extracting IHDWXUH
feature ZKHQ
when WKHUH
there KDYH
have EHHQ
been OHVV
less
UHFRUGHGRQ;UD\ILOPDQGDSSHDUDVVKDGRZVRQWKHLPDJHRI
recorded on X-ray film and appear as shadows on the image of

DPRXQWRIGDWDDQGDOVRKDVWKHSRWHQWLDOWRSURYLGHDSURPLVLQJ
amount of data, and also has the potential to provide a promising
ERGLO\WLVVXHVWUXFWXUHV$OWKRXJKDSSO\LQJDUDGLRORJ\WHVWRQ
bodily tissue structures. Although applying a radiology test on
VROXWLRQ
solution. 7KXV
Thus, D a 7/
TL PRGHO
model FDOOHG 5HV1HW9 has
called ResNet50V2 KDV EHHQ
been
FKHVW ;UD\ involves
chest X-ray, LQYROYHV treating
WUHDWLQJ the
WKH FKHVW ZLWK UDGLDWLRQ
chest with radiation IRU
for D
a
SURSRVHG
proposed IRU GHWHFWLQJ SQHXPRQLD
for detecting pneumonia IURP
from 
52 16 VDPSOH
sample LPDJHV
images. VKRUWDPRXQWRIWLPHWRJHWDQLPDJHRIWKHFKHVWDQGLWVLQQHU
short amount of time to get an image of the chest and its inner
7KLVPRGHOKDVEHHQHYDOXDWHGVXFFHVVIXOO\ZLWKHSRFKVDQG
This model has been evaluated successfully with 10 epochs and RUJDQV$VWKHQXPEHURILQVWDQFHVFRQWLQXHVWRULVHWKHUHLVD
organs. As the number of instances continues to rise, there is a
SUHGLFWVSQHXPRQLDZLWKDQDFFXUDF\RI7KLVPLJKWDOVR
predicts pneumonia with an accuracy of99.69°/o. This might also SUHVVLQJQHHGWRGHYHORSDQDFFXUDWHTXLFNDQGORZFRVWUDSLG
pressing need to develop an accurate, quick, and low-cost rapid
KHOSWKHGRFWRUVWRSUHGLFWRWKHUGLVHDVHVOLNHOXQJFDQFHU&RYLG
help the doctors to predict other diseases like lung cancer, Covid- VFUHHQLQJDSSURDFK%HFDXVHWKH\DUHTXLFNWRREWDLQDQGHDV\
screening approach. Because they are quick to obtain and easy
DQG+HDUWIDLOXUHEHIRUHWKHVHEHFRPHWRGHDWK
19, and Heart failure before these become to death. WR DFFHVV
to access, FKHVW ;UD\ LQVSHFWLRQ
chest X-ray inspection SLFWXUHV
pictures canFDQ be
EH XVHG
used DV DQ
as an
 DOWHUQDWHVWUDWHJ\>@$PRGHVWGRVDJHRIUDGLDWLRQLVHPLWWHG
alternate strategy [3] . A modest dosage of radiation is emitted
Keywords: DL, CNN, Transfer learning, ResNet50V2, chest X-ray
.H\ZRUGV'/&117UDQVIHUOHDUQLQJ5HV1HW9FKHVW;UD\ E\DQ;UD\ILOPWKDWLVSODFHGLQRSSRVLWLRQWRWKHFDPHUD
by an X-ray film that is placed in opposition to the camera's V
SRVLWLRQ When
position. :KHQ radiation
UDGLDWLRQ FRPHV
comes LQWR FRQWDFW GLVWLQFW
into contact, distinct
,
I. ,1752'8&7,21
INTRODUCTION
ELRORJLFDO WLVVXHV
biological tissues FROOHFW
collect LW
it LQ
in GLIIHUHQW DPRXQWV GHSHQGLQJ
different amounts depending
7KH
The ILQGLQJ
finding RI &29,'SRVLWLYH
of COVID- 19-positive SHRSOH
people LQ WKH first
in the ILUVW XSRQ whether
upon ZKHWKHU D
a VXEVWDQFH
substance LV
is FRPSRVHG RI DLU
composed of air, IOXLG
fluid, EORRG
blood,
VHPHVWHURIDSDQGHPLFWKDWLQIHFWHGDKXJHSRUWLRQRI
semester of 2020, a pandemic that infected a huge portion of ERQHRUPXVFOH%RQHVIRUH[DPSOHFDUU\DORWRI;UD\UDGLR
bone, or muscle. Bones, for example, carry a lot of X-ray radio
WKH KXPDQ
the human SRSXODWLRQ ;5D\ LPDJHV
population . X-Ray images IURP
from &29,'
COVID- 19 ZDYHV whereas
waves, ZKHUHDV HPSK\VHPD ZKLFK LV
emphysema (which is PRVWO\
mostly DLU
air) UHWDLQV
retains
SDWLHQWV
patients, SQHXPRQLD SDWLHQWV DQG
pneumonia patients, KHDOWK\ SHRSOH
and healthy ZHUH
people were DOPRVWQRWKLQJHQDEOLQJWKH;UD\SXOVHWRIORZRYHUWKHOXQJ
almost nothing, enabling the X-ray pulse to flow over the lung.
FODVVLILHGE\ XVLQJ&RQYROXWLRQDO1HXUDO
classified by using Convolutional Neural 1HWZRUNV &11V 
Networks (CNNs). :KLWHVKDGRZVRQDFKHVW;UD\LQGLFDWHWKLFNHURUVRPHZKDW
White shadows on a chest X-ray indicate thicker or somewhat
7KH&11VFDQDFKLHYHJUHDWVHQVLWLYLW\DQGSUHFLVLRQRQWKH
The CNNs can achieve great sensitivity and precision on the PRUH VXEVWDQWLDO
more substantial LVVXHV
issues, OLNH ERQH RU
like bone or KHDUW
heart, ZKLOH
while GHHSHU
deeper
XVXDOFODVVORZHULQJIDOVHSRVLWLYHVIRULQIHFWLRQFODVVHVDQG
usual class, lowering false positives for infection classes and VSRWOLJKWV
spotlights UHIOHFW VXUIDFH tissues,
reflect surface WLVVXHV DV ZLWK the
as with WKH OXQJV
lungs. )URP
From
SRWHQWLDOO\OHVVHQLQJWKHSUHVVXUHRQWKHKHDOWKFDUHV\VWHP>@
potentially lessening the pressure on the healthcare system [ 1 ] . SXEOLFO\ DYDLODEOH
publicly available JURXSV RI FKHVW
groups of ;UD\ SLFWXUHV
chest X-ray pictures, GHHS
deep
7KXVWRH[DPLQHEUHDWKLQJSUREOHPVOXQJLQIHFWLRQLOOQHVV
Thus, to examine breathing problems, lung infection, illness, OHDUQLQJDUFKLWHFWXUHVDQGDQDO\VLVPHWKRGRORJLHVKDYHEHHQ
learning architectures and analysis methodologies have been
FKHVWSDLQRULQMXULHVLQWKHKHDUWDQ;UD\
chest pain, or injuries in the heart, an X-ray RIWKHFKHVWKDV
of the chest has WHVWHG
tested.


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Fig. 1 . Normal and Pneumonia chest X-ray images recognition

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Figure 
1 , GLVSOD\V WZR types
displays two W\SHV RI
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chest X-ray images LH
i.e. IUHTXHQWO\
frequently LQFOXGHG
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X-ray technique. $ ODWHUDO
lateral
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pneumonia and normal where the view has taken sight of the FKHVW;UD\LVDYLHZRIWKHFKHVWIURPWKHVLGH,QQHFHVVDU\
chest X-ray is a view of the chest from the side. In necessary
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body mostly IURP WKH rear
from the UHDU towards
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front, ZKLFK
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978-1-6654-5493-3/22/$31.00 ©2022 IEEE 208

DOl 10.1109
DOI /MLCSS57186.2022.00046
10.1109/MLCSS57186.2022.00046

Authorized licensed use limited to: Siksha O Anusandhan University. Downloaded on April 13,2023 at 05:02:01 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
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additional views are incorporated. The radiology technologist UHSODFHG the
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Normal Pneumonia 
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Fig. 2. ResNet50: A Proposed Model for predicting Pneumonia

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Figure 2 describes the process of identifying pneumonia at LPDJHV which
images, ZKLFK can
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efficiency and reliability [ 6] .
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model. This process takes chest X-ray images from different
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angles of a patient for identifying any kind of anomalies are
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X-ray images to identify COVID- 1 9 instances [7] . The system
present or not. In the early stages, precaution is much needed
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to avoid serious diseases like heart failure, Covid- 1 9 virus, or
ZDV built
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pneumonia cases and COVID-1 9 cases from various data sets.
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 describes
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 YDOXDEOHLQVLJKWVIURPWKHKXJHQXPEHURIFKHVW;UD\LPDJHV
valuable insights from the huge number of chest X-ray images
information chest x-ray
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which seems to be a significant impact on Covid- 1 9 screening
contains
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[8] .
transfer learning; Section 5, describes the method; Section 6,
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A deep learning framework for COVID- 1 9 detection from
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WORKS (DUO\GLVFRYHU\
Early RISQHXPRQLD
discovery of DEQRUPDOLWLHVLQ
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209
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redesign the previous system. A trustworthy deep TL-based
LPDJHV are
images DUH taken
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technique that requires fewer operations and is significantly
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captured using recent technologies. This image dataset could EHWWHU7/LV
better. TL is a DYLDEOHDQGVXFFHVVIXOPHWKRGIRUGHWHFWLQJ
viable and successful method for detecting
EH able
be DEOH to
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and diagnosing pneumonia kinds from chest X-ray pictures
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disease, covid- 1 9, lung cancer, and many more in advance so [>@
1 7] . TL7/ considerably
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VLPSOLILHV deep
GHHS neural
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that able to prevent them at early stages. This dataset consists WUDLQLQJ and
training, DQG fine
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RI 52
of  FKHVW X-ray
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LPDJHV from
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ZKLFK  LPDJHV are
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performance WKDQ alternative
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 are
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7/ model
PRGHO toWR
ILJXUH$PRQJWKRVHLPDJHVRXUPRGHOWHVWHGZLWK
figure 3. Among those 52 1 6 images, our model tested with 234 FKHFNWKHLUGLDJQRVLVDQGKHQFHPLQLPL]HWKHLUHIIRUW2YHU
check their diagnosis and hence minimize their effort. Over
QRUPDO and
normal DQG 390
 pneumonia
SQHXPRQLD images
LPDJHV that
WKDW were
ZHUH also
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YDOLGDWHG aD collection
FROOHFWLRQ of RI publicly
SXEOLFO\ available
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HOHPHQWV and DQG their
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7KHUHVXOW
The RIResNet
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ZHOOwith
ZLWK an
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DFFXUDF\ ofRI
9DQGFDQWKXVEHFRQVLGHUHGDSURPLVLQJPRGHOIRU
8 . 3 3%, and can thus be considered a promising model for
&29,'
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1 9 virus SUHGLFWLRQ [>@ 7/LPSURYHV
1 8] . TL improves the WKH
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methodologies as it has pre-trained with image datasets.

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ResNet was first employed to improve image recognition,
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Fig. 3. Chest X-ray image classification EXW as
but DV detailed
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WKH research,
UHVHDUFK this
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DUFKLWHFWXUH can FDQ also
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STUDY 'HHS residual
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GHFDGHV the
WKH availability
DYDLODELOLW\ of RI medical
PHGLFDO images
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approach to extract hierarchical features from particular x-ray
EHHQ grown
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WKHUH is
LV aD need
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helpful WR predict
SUHGLFW diseases
GLVHDVHV like
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SDQGHPLF ,PDJH1HW dataset.
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7KLV model
PRGHO isLV aD ResNet
5HV1HW variation
YDULDWLRQ of
RI 48

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situation. )RU example,
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layer. Although 3 . 8 x 109 floating-point operations are present
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applying chest X-ray film. As pneumonia and COVID- 1 9 both LQ it.
in LW Chest
&KHVWUDGLRJUDSKV
radiographs, such VXFK as
DV X-rays
;UD\V and DQG CT
&7 VFDQV KDYH
scans, have
DIIHFW the
affect WKH human
KXPDQ lungsOXQJV and
DQG have
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VLPLODURYHUODSSLQJ EHHQ shown
been VKRZQ to WR aid
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GLVHDVH identification.
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symptoms, distinguishing between pneumonia patients' FKHVW chest LQWHUSUHW the
interpret WKH outcome
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SUHFLVH than WKDQ most
PRVW ofRI the
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X-ray images and COVID- 1 9 patients can be difficult [ 1 3] . A SURFHGXUHVDYDLODEOHWRGDWH5HV1HWZDVWKHPRVWSURPLQHQW
procedures available to date. ResNet was the most prominent
GHHSFRQYROXWLRQDOQHXUDOQHWZRUN
deep convolutional neural network (CNN)-based &11 EDVHGPRGHOFRXOG
model could PHWKRGLQ7/WHFKQRORJ\DV5HV1HWRXWSHUIRUPVDOORWKHU
method in TL technology as ResNet-50 outperforms all other
UHFRJQL]H patterns
recognize SDWWHUQV linked
OLQNHG to
WR COVID-
&29,'FDXVHG WXPRUV from
1 9-caused tumors IURP QHWZRUNVLQDOOSDUDPHWHUV7KHPRGHO5HV1HWREWDLQVWKH
networks in all parameters. The model ResNet-50 obtains the
FKHVWFRPSXWHGWRPRJUDSK\
chest computed tomography (CT) &7 LPDJHVDXWRPDWLFDOO\>@
images automatically [ 1 4] . KLJKHVWUHFDOORIDQGHYDOXDWLRQHIILFLHQF\RI
highest recall of 98. 97%, and evaluation efficiency of 93.9 1%,
DQGDQ$8&RIZKHQFODVVLI\LQJFKHVW;UD\LPDJHV
and an AUC of 96.94% when classifying chest X-ray images
$ Deep
A. 'HHS/HDUQLQJ
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[20] . Images may be classified into 1 000 different items using
7KH most
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'/ model
PRGHO is
LV that
WKDW the
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ILOWHUHG aDWUDLQHGPRGHO$VDUHVXOW7/WRFXVWRPWUDLQHGRQFKHVW;
trained model. As a result, TL to custom trained on chest X­
WKURXJK aD VHULHV
through series of RI hidden
KLGGHQ layers,
OD\HUV with
ZLWK the
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RXWSXW from
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WKH UD\ images
ray LPDJHV and DQG then
WKHQ modified
PRGLILHG theWKH network
QHWZRUN to WR predict
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SUHYLRXV layer
previous OD\HU informing
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classes: "Normal" and "Pneumonia. "
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levels. $V more
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GDWD is
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SURFHVVHG this
WKLV model
PRGHO grows
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PRUH
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accurate, essentially learning from prior results to improve its
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capacity WR make
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1 . Take chest x-ray images containing weights from the
FROOHFWLQJ usable
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LQVLJKWV from
IURP datasets
GDWDVHWV that
WKDW haven't
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EHHQ as
DV ,PDJH1HW dataset
ImageNet GDWDVHW and
DQG having
KDYLQJ input
LQSXW shape
VKDSH =  (220,

ZHOO filtered,
well ILOWHUHG DL '/UHTXLUHV OHVV data
requires less GDWD for
IRU preprocessing.
SUHSURFHVVLQJ Deep 'HHS 
220, 3).
/HDUQLQJ(DL)
Learning '/ DSSURDFKHVLQHVSHFLDOO\KDYHEHHQSURYHGWR
approaches, in especially, have been proved to  Transform
2. 7UDQVIRUP theWKH blocks
EORFNV from
IURP CNN
&11 to WR the
WKH residual
UHVLGXDO
EHHIIHFWLYHPHWKRGRORJLHVIRUSDWWHUQUHFRJQLWLRQLQPHGLFDO
be effective methodologies for pattern recognition in medical QHWZRUN
network.
SUDFWLFHV>@
practices [ 1 5] .  Build
3. %XLOG the
WKH convolutional
FRQYROXWLRQDO block
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UHVQHW model
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that takes 50-layers.
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fer Leaming(FL)
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trainable= False,
7/DFWVDVDSRZHUIXOWHFKQLTXHIRUWUDQVIHUULQJNQRZOHGJH
TL acts as a powerful technique for transferring knowledge HQVXULQJ that
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tasks, and it has the potential to provide a promising solution.
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1 9,

210

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 5 $SSO\ Fully-Connected
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Fig. 4. ResNet50 architecture in classifYing chest X-ray image

,Q figure
In ILJXUH 4,
 each
HDFK level
OHYHO of
RI the
WKH ResNet-50
5HV1HW model
PRGHO has
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best in classifying pneumonia and normal chest X-ray images
FRQYROXWLRQ and
convolution DQG identity
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7KHUH are
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(96. 1 percent accuracy for Dataset-1 , 99.5 percent accuracy for
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layers in each convolution block, and three convolution layers 'DWDVHW and
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SDUDPHWHUV can
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There i s a total o f 521 6 chest X-ray images are trained, among
WUDLQHGZLWKWKH5HV1HW(DUO\6WRSSLQJLVD.HUDVFDOOEDFN
trained with the ResNet-50. EarlyStopping is a Keras callback WKHP 
them LPDJHV are
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QRUPDO and
DQG the
WKH remaining
UHPDLQLQJ 3875
 are
DUH
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that helps us to terminate training early. This callback allows SQHXPRQLD%HVLGHVWKDWQRUPDODQGSQHXPRQLDFKHVW
pneumonia. Besides that 234 normal and 390 pneumonia chest
XVWRVSHFLI\WKHSHUIRUPDQFHPHWULFWRPRQLWRULQFOXGLQJWKH
us to specify the performance metric to monitor, including the ;UD\LPDJHVDUHWHVWHGE\XVLQJWKH5HV1HW9PRGHOWKDW
X-ray images are tested by using the ResNet50V2 model that
WULJJHUZKLFKZLOOKDOWWKHWUDLQLQJZKHQLWLVDFWLYDWHG:KHQ
trigger, which will halt the training when it is activated. When SUHGLFWVWKHRXWFRPHLQDGYDQFH2XUPRGHOKDVSDVVHGZLWK
predicts the outcome in advance. Our model has passed with
WKH EarlyStopping
the (DUO\6WRSSLQJ callback
FDOOEDFN is
LV invoked
LQYRNHG with
ZLWK arguments,
DUJXPHQWV itLW is
LV  HSRFKV to
10 epochs WR complete
FRPSOHWH the
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7KLV research
UHVHDUFK also
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FRQILJXUHG To
configured. 7R fILQLVK WUDLQLQJ now
inish training, QRZ apply
DSSO\ the
WKH PRQLWRU
"monitor" SURYLGHVWKHGRRUIRUWKHGHVLJQRIIXWXUHGHHS&11GHVLJQV
provides the door for the design of future deep CNN designs
FRPPDQG to
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ZKLFK performance
SHUIRUPDQFH measure
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WR track
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(based on residual connections) IRUWKHGLDJQRVLVRI&29,'
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such as 'val loss' for the validation dataset loss. LQIHFWLRQ
19 infection.

9, PERFORMANCE
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In figure 5, the accuracy of training is represented in dots
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and validation accuracy in a straight line whereas training and
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validation loss is below 1 0%. As a result, the ResNet50 model
FRPELQLQJKDQGSLFNHGIHDWXUHVZLWKWKRVHREWDLQHGWKURXJK
combining hand-picked features with those obtained through ILQGVEHWWHUDFFXUDF\LQSUHGLFWLQJSQHXPRQLDZLWKLQFKHVW;
finds better accuracy in predicting pneumonia within chest X­
7/ with
TL ZLWK ResNet50.
5HV1HW Among
$PRQJ allDOO the
WKH four
IRXU models
PRGHOV (ResNet50,
5HV1HW UD\ images
LPDJHVthat
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ZRXOG be
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Heart disease, and lung cancer at early stages.
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211
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 VII. 5(68/76& ',6&866,21
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In this work training and testing of chest X-ray results are
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applied, secondly fully connected layers withZLWKDUDWHDQG
a 0.5 rate, and
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displayed. All photos are scaled for the target network model
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the dropout approach was applied. Finally, to avoid overfitting
EHIRUH the
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Epoch 3/19
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212
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The loss and accuracy results shown in figure 7 represent >@
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this model would apply for real-time prediction of pneumonia RQFKHVW;UD\LPDJHV´$SSOLHG,QWHOOLJHQFH±
19 on chest X-ray images," Applied Intelligence, 5 1 :1690-1700, 2020,
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Elsevier, 2020, https:lldoi.orgl1 0.10161j .rnedia.2020.101794.
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T. Youssef et a!., "Classification of chest pneumonia from x-ray images
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and also implementing it with 52 16 chest X-ray images in the XVLQJ D
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within the lungs, and this can also reveal disorders in the heart, >@ MM. Eid and Y. H. Elawady, "Efficient pneumonia detection for chest
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radiography using ResNet-based SVM," European Journal ofElectrical
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Classification
8VLQJ
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Applied ,QWHOOLJHQFH
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for detection and diagnosis of &29,'IURPFKHVW;UD\
COVID-19 from chest X-ray LPDJHV´images,"
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Computer 0HWKRGV
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Authorized licensed use limited to: Siksha O Anusandhan University. Downloaded on April 13,2023 at 05:02:01 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.