Assignment 1B: Aquinas' ethical outlook

1. What is the natural law and what role does it play in Aquinas' philosophy?
Natural law, in Aquinas' philosophy, refers to the inherent order established by God, reflecting His
rational purpose for all things. It serves as a guide for human conduct, emphasizing that actions align
with reason. According to Aquinas, the natural law plays a crucial role in determining what is morally
right or wrong. Humans, distinct from other beings, are designed to act in accordance with reason,
and adherence to the natural law allows individuals to fulfill their purpose within God's eternal plan.
2. What role does God play in Aquinas' philosophy?
In Aquinas' philosophy, God is a central figure who plays a twofold role. While God's commands are
acknowledged, Aquinas rejects the notion that God's commands determine what is morally
acceptable. Instead, God's commands serve as a guide, helping humans understand rather than
dictating what is right or wrong. God, in this context, is not an arbitrary enforcer but a source of
guidance for individuals seeking moral clarity.
3. How do we know what the right thing to do is according to Aquinas?
Determining the right course of action, according to Aquinas, involves rational reflection and
adherence to the natural law. Humans, by acting in accordance with reason, participate in the eternal
law and contribute to the overarching principles outlined in the natural law. The primary precepts,
such as pursuing good and avoiding evil, serve as general rules binding on all rational agents,
providing a framework for ethical decision-making.
4. What are the benefits of using Aquinas' philosophy for organizational ethics?
Applying Aquinas' philosophy to organizational ethics can offer benefits. The emphasis on reason and
adherence to natural law provides a foundation for ethical decision-making within an organization. It
encourages leaders and employees to align their actions with moral principles, creating a sense of
moral responsibility and integrity. Additionally, Aquinas' approach provides a comprehensive guide
that integrates divine, natural, and human laws, offering a unique perspective on ethical conduct
within organizations.
5. What are the difficulties of using Aquinas' philosophy for organizational ethics?
Using Aquinas' philosophy for organizational ethics poses challenges. The reliance on rational
reflection may lead to differing interpretations of what constitutes morally acceptable behavior. The
subjective nature of moral reasoning can create disagreements within an organization. Additionally,
the integration of divine law may raise questions in diverse organizational settings, where different
belief systems may conflict with or challenge the application of Aquinas' ethical framework. Finding
a balance between moral principles and organizational dynamics can be difficult, requiring careful
consideration.