English 9th Modules 2024

English What do you do in
Pedagogical Module 1 your free time?

Curricular Threads: Communication and Cultural Awareness,
Oral Communication, Reading, Writing, Language Through the Arts
Ninth Grade EGB
Connecting words 4 Music festivals:

5
So
Tomorrowland
ci
lSa
tu
Simple present
3
die
and continuous Urban music
6
s
and soccer
Ar
t
isshh
Strong adjectives
2
glli
and adverbs
La
Free
g
Enn
ng
Blog post: writing
E
ua
Time 7 a post for a blog
ge
about hobbies
an
Determiners and
1 Activities
d
gerunds: ing forms
Li
te
ra
tur
e
Values
Values
11 Tolerance 10 Freedom of speech 9 Human rights 8 Interculturality
Time Management is the Key to Success and Having Fun

It’s common for everybody to spend their free time Nowadays, people can choose from a lot of hobbies to
doing interesting activities. For example, playing have fun or learn something new. There are indoor
sports, listening to music, reading books, etc. and outdoor activities, paid or free, in groups or alone.
You decide, the time you spend on yourself is priceless. Pixabay
Non-Commercial Licence
• What do you usually do after school?
• Are you interested in starting a new hobby? Which one? Why?
1
Lesson A
Communication and Cultural Awareness
What kind of music do you like?
The Importance of Music
Value: Interculturality Did you know that you can manage

stress and cure an illness with music?
Music can make people feel In some universities in the United
better in so many ways. It has Kingdom (UK), professors offer their
the incredible power to connect students the opportunity to lower
people and change their mood. their stress level by listening to music
All music such as pop, jazz, or learning to play an instrument.
reggaeton, salsa, bachata, It works effectively because people who
are unique and valuable.
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relax with music before or after any
activity feel better and they study happily.
All the courses start in a quiet environment. Participants listen
to classical or instrumental music in a quiet room. Then, a lovely voice says:
“Breathe, and feel the music in your heart.” After this short meditation,
students go to their different classes. For example, guitar, piano lessons,
or hip-hop. They learn about instruments and music theory. Finally,
students have the opportunity to compose songs and play in a band.
Grammar Tip As Nietzsche said: “Without music, life is a mistake.”
Adverbs are words that describe
verbs. In English, many of them
1. Answer the questions below in complete sentences using your own
end in –ly:
words.
• Adjective + ly:sad = sadly
They sadly walked home. a. According to the reading, what are the two main benefits of music
• Adjective ending in “y” = therapy?
change “y” to “i”, add “-ly”
Happy = happily
They happily sang the song. b. How do the courses start?
c. Why is it important to relax before a difficult task?
2.. Complete these students’ opinions about music therapy. Choose an

adjective from the box and write its corresponding adverb in the blank.
quick happy effective correct

Vocabulary
stress. feeling of pressure

“For me, music therapy works . My performance in
and anxiety
class is great.” –Kelly
cure. to make an illness
or injury better “After piano lessons, I study . I always smile.” –Robert
illness. sickness, not feeling “I do all my math homework . I get only 10.” –Mia
well
“I run in Physical Education class. I’m fast.” –Ben
mistake. error, not correct
2
Lesson 1
What Are You Doing?

1. Find and circle the following actions in the picture of exercise 2.
skate walk the dog talk on the phone ride a bike
go to listen to music eat run
2. Listen and read. Then, identify the characters in the picture.

a. Mary: Hi, Mike. What are you doing? b. Brian: Hello, Where are you going?
Mike: Hello! I’m in the park with my parents Sara: Hi, I’m going to the park with
and Rex. I’m listening to music. my siblings.
Mary: Are they walking Rex? Brian: Is Tom skating?
Mike: No, they aren’t. My mom is talking Sara: Yes, he is. And Sally is riding
on the phone and my dad is eating her bike as usual.
an ice cream.
Mary: And Rex?
Mike: Rex is running.
2.
1.
4. Mike’s mom
3. Mike
5. 6.
48 7.
Unidad 4.indd 48 10/03/2016 11:05:10 a.m.

Grammar and Vocabulary
Reflect on Grammar
Present Progressive Tense: Use it to talk about actions happening at the moment of speaking.
Affirmative Negative Yes / No questions
I am going to the park. I am not riding a bike. Am I riding a bike?
He He he
She is running. She is not listening to music. Is she going to the park?
It It it
You You you
We are walking Rex. We are not skating. Are we skating?
They They they
Wh-questions
am I am I Spelling
he he
is she is she talk + ing = talking
What it doing? Where it going? skate + ing = skating
you you run + ing = running
are we are we
they they
3. Complete the e-mail with the Present Progressive tense.
To: karen12@ooya.com
Subject: Hello!
Hello, Karen!
amKaren!
I Hello, writing
Fig. 4b (write) from my new neighborhood.
My friends
I___am writing_ (write) from my(a. do)neighborhood.
new different activities
today. Steve_______________
My friends and Randy (a. do) different (b.activities
not walk)
the dog Steve
today. as usual. Randy ________________ (b. (c.
andThey notskate).
skate)
Sally (d. not talk)
as usual. They _________________ on the
(c. walk) phone.
their dog. Sally
She
___________________ (d. not talk) (e. ride)
on her her bicycle.
cell phone as
And Ben,
usual. well,
She he
___________________ (f. play) soccer.
(e. ride) bicycle.
What you
Well, Ben ______________________ (f. run). (g. do)?
What _______ you ___________________ (do)? Fred
Fred
4. Listen to the sounds and identify the action.
a. What is Nick doing? He is eating.

Listening Strategy
b. What is Vanessa doing?
Create mental images to
c. What is Robert doing?
identify the activities.
d. What is Kathy doing?
Project Stage 1
• Form groups of three and select one of your neighborhoods.
• Get a camera and take pictures of people’s activities.
• Describe what the people are doing in the pictures. E.g. He is listening to music. 49
Unidad 4.indd 49 10/03/2016 11:05:13 a.m.

4
UNIT
Lesson 1
What Are You Doing?

Vocabulary
1. Label the pictures to complete the sentences. Use the Word Bank.
Strategy
Use pictures to
Word Bank
remember new
• going • listening • running • talking • riding • eating • walking • skating
words.
He is eating (a) He is (b) She is (c) She is (d)

a sandwich. in the park. to music. on the phone.
They are (e) They are (f) They are (g) They are (h)
the dog. to school. in the park. their bikes.
2. Complete the chart using the verbs from exercise 1 as demonstrated in the example.
Spelling Rules for –ing form
• If the verb ends in –e, drop –e and

• Add -ing to the verb. add –ing Grammar
E.g. eat = eating e. ride = Strategy
a. listen = f. skate = Use charts to help
b. walk = you remember
• If the verb ends in consonant + spelling rules.
c. talk = vowel + consonant double the last
d. go = consonant and add -ing
g. run =
32
VP1_WB_UNIT_4 MariaCe.indd 32 15/03/2016 09:02:19 a.m.

3. Complete the diary entry. Use the Present Progressive tense of the verbs in parentheses.
Dear diary, (d. talk) on the phone with my friend,

Allina, who (e. go) to
I’m very happy today! The weather
am writing school at the moment. Robert and Luis
is fantastic, so I
(f. not skate); they
(write) my diary here in the park! All my
(g. walk) Robert’s
friends and family are with me doing
dog, Barky. My cousin Fred and his friend
different activities. Mark and Alice
Samantha (h. eat)
(a. ride) bikes and
a delicious lemon pie next to the lake.
Mark´s dog, Toby,
Everybody is having a good time here in
(b. run) behind them. Mayra
the park!
(c. listen) to
music and Michelle Write you later!
4. Look at the picture and answer the questions.
E.g. What is Lucia doing? d. Is William eating ice-cream?

She is running.
a. What are Ron and William doing? e. Is Rafael walking his dog?
b. What is Edward doing? f. Is Carrie riding a bicycle?
c. What is Ron eating? g. Is Lucia talking on the phone?
33

Lesson B

Art
What are your favorite sports to play and watch?
FIFA World Cup
Value: Interculturality The FIFA U-20 World Cup is a championship

in which male players under twenty years old
Soccer is a very popular sport participate. Twenty-four teams from different
in many countries around countries participate in this tournament every
the world. At any time, people two years.
are playing this sport on a field,
in a park, or in school. The FIFA World Cup is another great
There are millions of soccer championship, and professional male players
fans. There are also many are the stars. There are a total of sixty-four
local and international matches. FIFA organizes it every four years.
championships. The most The champion in 2018 was France. In the
famous is, of course, the FIFA play-off against Belgium, the score was 1-0,
Freepik
World Cup every four years. and in the final game against Croatia it was 4-2.
1. Answer the following questions in complete sentences.
Grammar Tip a. What are two different kinds of FIFA competitions?
Use the present progressive

for actions that are happening b. What’s your favorite Ecuadorian team?
right now, future plans or
predictions.
• Affirmative: Subject + to be + c. Why do you think soccer is a popular sport in your country?
verb-ing
They are playing at the
stadium.
2. Complete the sentences with one word from the box. There’s one extra
• Negative: Subject + to be +
option.
negative + verb-ing
Julio is not watching the game
champion score tied tournament team
on TV.
• Yes/No Question: to be + a. This is short. It has only twelve matches.
Subject + verb-ing ?
Are you taking the bus to b. The match is . The score is 2-2.
the stadium? c. I don’t want my favorite to lose, but the score is 1-0.
d. Real Madrid is the this year.
Vocabulary
3. Create your own sentences with these words:
tournament. a series of games
a. play-off:
play-off. game to decide
who is playing in the final b. championship:
tie(d). both teams have c. win:

the same score
d. lose:
8
Reflect on Grammar
Simple Present tense
Use it to talk about regular or common activities.
Affirmative Negative Yes/No Questions
Yes, she does. / No, she doesn’t.
She She she Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.
He goes for a walk. He doesn’t go for a walk. Does he work? Yes, it does. / No, it doesn’t.
It It it
Use –s/–es/–ies/ in third person
Wh – questions
study She studies In negative sentences the
watch He watches verb doesn´t change. What does she do in the
She stays home.
take It takes afternoons?
3. Use the verbs in parentheses to complete the texts about Will Smith and Jaden Smith.
My son, Jaden, gets up (get up) My dad is my role model. He is an actor and a
at 7:00 AM, (a. have) businessman. He (a. travel) a lot,
breakfast and then so he (b. not stay) home. He is a
(b. go) to his school: New Village busy man and he (c. not get up)
Academy. He (c. get) late. In his free time he (d. go)
home at 3:30 PM and (d. take) a to the gym, (e. play) basketball
nap. On weekends, he (e. surf) and ( f. take) a nap.
the Internet, (f. watch) TV, He (g. not hang out)
(g. play) video games and with his friends frequently.
(h. hang out) with his friends.
4. Organize the questions and answer them. 5. Listen and classify the verbs
Then, ask a partner. according to their final sound.
a. go for a walk /in her free time /does /your mom/? /S/ • practices
Q: Does your mom go for a walk in her free time?
works • does
A:
• watches
b. in his free time/ surf the Internet /does /your dad/?
• plays
Q:
• works
A:
• takes
c. play soccer /your brother /in his free time /does/? S
Q:
A: /Z/ /IZ/
d. /do /your family /does /what /on weekends/?
Q:
A:
Project Stage 2
• Find information about what your famous character E.g. Will Smith goes to the gym in his free time.
does in his/her free time.
• Write sentences about your character’s lifestyle.
• Prepare a set of questions to interview your partner. E.g. Does he/she travel abroad? 77
Unidad 6.indd 77 5/19/16 11:59 AM

6
UNIT
Lesson 1
A Regular Day
1. This is Diana’s Routine. Match each action with the picture. Use the Word Bank.
Word Bank
a. go to bed d. get home g. have dinner j. surf the internet
b. take a shower e. do homework h. go to school k. have lunch
c. have breakfast f. watch TV i. get up
Vocabulary
Strategy
Observe and analyze
the sequence of the
actions to memorize
them.
6:00 AM i 6:30 AM 7:00 AM
7:30 AM 12:00 PM 12:30 PM 3:00 PM
5:00 PM 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 9:00 PM
2. Complete Diana’s routine using the verbs from exercise 1. Use time as clues.
Hello, my name is Diana. My day starts very early, I (a) at six o’clock. I always
(b) at half past six. Then, I (c) at about seven. I go to school every
morning at half past seven, and I (d) at twelve o’clock. In the afternoon, I
(e) at half past twelve. Then I (f) at three o’clock. At five o’clock, I (g)
and chat with some friends. I (h) at seven o’clock. An hour later, I (i)
with my family. Finally, I (j) at nine o’clock. This is my routine on weekdays!
48

3. Look at Harry’s and Lucy’s schedule. Write sentences about

what they do or don’t do during the week.
Weekdays Weekend
• go to school • get up late
• do homework • surf the internet
• go to the movies on Saturday

• watch TV
play video games on Sunday
E.g. Harry and Lucy go to school in the morning on weekdays, but they
don’t go to school on the weekend (go to school).
Harry and Lucy late on weekdays, but they late on the

weekends (a. get up). They on weekdays, but they on
weekends (b. watch TV). They on Saturdays, but they
on Sundays (c. go to the movies). Harry and Lucy on Sunday, but they
video games on Saturday (d. play video games). They
on the weekends, but they on weekdays (e. do homework).
4. Write the questions to the following sentences.

E.g. Do you get up at 7:00 AM ? ? c. ?
Yes, I do. I get up every day at 7:00 AM. No, I don’t surf the Internet on Sunday.
a. ? d. ?
I go to school at 8:00 every morning. I go to bed at 8:00 or 9:00 PM.
b. ? e. ?
No, I don’t. I have breakfast with my parents on the My parents go to bed at 10:00 PM.
weekends.
5. Complete the text about your routine. Use time and time expressions as clues to decide
between the affirmative or the negative form of the verbs in parentheses.
In the morning, I get up / don’t get up (get up) at 6:00 AM. I (a. have breakfast)
and I (b. take a shower) at 7:00 AM. I (c. do homework)
at 7:30 AM. After that I go to school. I (d. have lunch) at school. Then, I go home.
I (e. play video games) in the afternoon and I (f. surf the
Internet). I also (g. have dinner) with my family at 8:00 PM. We
(h. watch TV) at night. I (i. go to bed) at 9:00 PM.
49

Reading
Social Studies
Why do you think electronic music is popular?
Music Festivals: Tomorrowland
Do you love electronic music? Go to Tomorrowland. It happens

once a year (every summer in June or July) and it takes place in Belgium.
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A lot of people go every year. Electronic music lovers of all ages go there
to experience the music with DJs and music producers. Each festival
has a different theme. For example, the 2018 theme was “The Story
of Planaxis”. What about the tickets and their price? This is the difficult
part: the tickets are sold out in minutes. The prices depend on the type
of ticket and the accommodation you choose. People spend between
98€ and 6000€. Yes, it’s very expensive! The performers are musicians
and DJs like David Guetta, Martin Solveig, Armin van Buuren, Steve
Angelo, Axwell Ingrosso, Dimitri Vegas, and others. Tomorrowland
is not only about music; it is an amazing theatrical production with
Value: Freedoom of speech mind-blowing sets.
Pop, hip-hop, reggaeton, salsa,

cumbia, vallenato, etc. It does
not matter what your favorite
Pixabay / Free-Photos
music is, just do not forget
an important thing: Music does
not define you as a person,
your values and actions do.
1. Answer the following questions in your own words based on the reading.
a. How old are the people who go to this event?
b. How much do people spend on the tickets?
c. Are you interested in this event? Why or why not?
2. Some friends are considering going to the Tomorrowland festival.

Choose the correct verb and write it in the present simple or present
continuous form. Add words if needed (is, are).
Vocabulary plan love buy like

theme. a topic/subject for an
event or party
accommodation. a place Joseph Tomorrowland festival, so he

a trip to Belgium for the next year. Charles and Stephanie
to sleep away from home

like a hotel pop music, but they know nothing about electronic
mind-blowing. amazing, music. Today they a David Guetta CD to listen
incredible to this kind of music.
4
Writing
Which school parties and events do you like going to?
Planning a Social Event

1. Imagine you are the principal of your school and you are organizing
a social event for all the teachers and students.
Follow these simple steps to write an invitation:
a. Choose the kind of event you want to organize such as a dance
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or dinner. Give it a theme!
b. Decide the place, the date, and the time.
c.
Decide the cost and the activities that people can do at the event.
2. Write an invitation for an event. Follow this format:
End of term party

Grammar Tip
Come and join us at this event.
The school is organizing a great party at The Lovers Bar on Eloy Remember that you use:
Alfaro Avenue. The party starts at 6:00 pm, and it finishes at • AT + time. The match
midnight. There will be some activities like live music, fast-food, is at 9:30 pm.
and many surprises. It’s a free event. We hope you can come. • ON + days. The concert
is on Saturday.
• IN + months. The
championship is in January.
• ON + complete date. My
birthday is on July 27th.
Title:
Place, date, and time:
Activities:
Vocabulary
Price: social event. a party or dinner

that many people from work
or school go to
5
Language Through the Arts
Art
How do you describe urban music?
Urban Music
Defining urban music is very difficult because the most popular

music belongs to this genre, and it changes every day. Urban music
began in the 1980s and includes a multicultural diversity of amazing
Pixabay / StockSnap
artists. A large, mostly young audience listens to this music. Today’s

popular artists belong to the urban genre. Some examples of urban
music are reggaeton and hip-hop. It has influences from traditional
rhythms such as Latin pop, dance, soul, salsa, cumbia, and merengue,
but it isn’t related to jazz or rock. Those are different genres.
The Latin Grammy Awards is an important ceremony that gives prizes
to the best urban songs, singers, and bands.
Value: Human rights

1. Circle the correct answers based on the article.
Everybody has the right
to express themselves as they • Urban music is:
like. Music, no matter the
a. a modern genre b. old Latin music c. easy to define
genre, is a way of cultural
expression.
• Urban music genre is related to:
a. rock music b. hip-hop c. jazz
• Young audiences listen to
a. jazz b. urban music c. soul
2. Each of these people are interested in music, but in different ways.

Match the sentence parts to make simple present sentences.
dance hip-hop music

Irene usually
with my friends.
Peter doesn’t listen to music

like to while he works.
create a dance school

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I like to in our neighborhood.
My cousin sings reggaeton while

and I want to she is cooking.
Vocabulary
genre. a specific type of music

or movie such as rock, hip
hop, fiction, comedy
6
Let's review
Vocabulary Reading
1 Complete these sentences with a word from the 3 Match the descriptions with the choices below.
box. There’s one extra word. Write the letter in the circle. There’s one extra
option.
competitive popular relaxing

cheap stressing a a traditional market.
b an electronic music
a. Music therapy is a way to festival.
manage stress.
c an Ecuadorian athlete.
b. Soccer is a sport around the
world.
d a talented artist.
c. In China, people can buy
souvenirs. e a challenge for players.
d. Video games aren’t only for

people.
• Tomorrowland is
• Richard Carapaz is
• A handicraftsman is
• An adventure video game is
Grammar
4 Complete the sentences. Use the present
progressive form of a verb from the box. There’s
one extra word.
make change communicate

visit have
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a. Urban music every day.

b. When you dance, you with your
body.
Grammar
c. Many tourists Ecuador every
2 Complete the sentences with one word. You can
year.
use prepositions on, at or but.
d. I new friends because I play video
a. My birthday is December 29th. games online.
b. I like soccer I love volleyball.
c. The class starts 8:15 am.
d. I’m from Machala, I live in
Guayaquil.
17
Omprehension passage and
Read the text and complete the tasks below:
The 4th of July is an important day for Americans. It is the day their country was born.
On July 4th 1776, Congress officially adopted the Declaration of Independence and
announced to the world that they were a free nation, independent from Great Britain.
Although Americans have celebrated July 4th since 1777, it didn’t really become a
federal legal holiday until 1941. So, what do Americans do on this day?
July 4th celebrations often take place outdoors. People decorate their homes with
streamers, fake rockets, balloons and flags. Everything is done up in red, white, and
blue, the colours of the "The Star-Spangled Banner", the name of the US national
anthem and one of the nicknames of the American flag. The flag has 50 starts for the
fifty states and 13 stripes for the first 13 colonies. In the morning, lots of people dress
up and go out in the street to watch the parades. The biggest parade is in Washington
D.C., the capital of the USA. Afterwards families get together by hosting or attending
a picnic or barbecue. In many cities people have block parties. Then, they watch or
play a baseball game. At night, they watch firework displays, usually accompanied by
patriotic songs. Firework shows are held in many states with the Macy’s Firework
Spectacular in New York, typically being the most impressive. It’s a fun day for
everyone.
B . Mark (T) for True or (F) for False C. Choose the best answer:
1) The Declaration of Independence was
1) On July 4th Americans celebrate their written in …
independence from France. ______. a) 1776 b) 1777 c) 1941
2) The Declaration of Independence was 2) Americans celebrate with …
officially approved in 1776. ______. a) picnics and flags
3) It became a national holiday in 1776 ______ . b) parades and firework displays
c) barbeques and streamers
4) July 4th was first celebrated in 1777. ______.
5) The American national anthem is called "The 3) Most people spend this day with their…
Star-Spangled Banner". _______. a) families b) friends c) both of these
6) The US has 13 states. _______. 4) The flag is also called …
7) People watch parades on July 4th. _____ a) Red –Striped Banner
b) Star Striped Banner
8) The national colours are red and blue. ____ c) Star Spangled Banner
9) On July 4th night, they play baseball. _____ 5) Americans … Independence Day
a) enjoy b) don’t mind c) hate
10) New York has the largest parade. _______
C. Choose the correct synonym for these D. Now find words which mean
words from the passage
1) to state or say something publically is
1) federal (line 5)
_______________________
a) local b) national c) important
2) If you are free and on your own you
2) anthem (line 8)
are ____________________
a) hymn b) flag c) story
3) If something is not real or it’s an
3) block parties (line 13)
imitation it’s ____________________
a) parties in your garden
b) street parties in your neighbourhood
4) to organize a party with guests is to
c) parties at a local club
_________________________
4) displays (line 13)
a) exhibition b) game c) parade 5) having a great love of your country
means you are ________________
5) accompanied (line 13)
a) go together with b) attended 6) Something that makes you feel
c) take part in admiration is ________________
E. Answer the questions

1) What do Americans celebrate on the 4th of July? _______________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2) Who did Americans gain independence from? ________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3) What do people put up in their homes? ______________________________________

________________________________________________________________________
4) Where do most people eat on this day? __________________________________

________________________________________________________________________
5) What happens in Washington, D.C. ? ________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________
6) How do most Americans feel about the 4th of July? _____________________________

________________________________________________________________________
Now write in 5-8 lines how you celebrate your country’s Independence Day
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
English What incredible stories
Pedagogical Module 5 have you heard?
Ninth Grade EGB
4 Legends, mythological creatures
Hi
st
or
3
y
Past progressive
La
ng
Oscar Wilde,
5
ua
Edgar Allan Poe
ge
2
ish
Simple past
an
d
gl
Li
te
En
ra
Unreal
tu
re
Commenting The meaning
adverbs 1 World 6 of dreams
Ps
yc
ol
og
hy
Values
10 Critical thinking 9 Identity 8 Respect 7 Interculturality
Stories from The Past

Legends, fantasy stories, spooky stories; they are
all part of culture. Every legend or unreal tale has an
element that isn’t true, but it relates a little to reality.
These stories are known because older people
transmit them to younger generations, and in other
cases, younger people tend to create myths or new
stories based on their reality. These modern myths,
or urban legends, become popular on the internet
and social networks. Nevertheless, it’s absolutely
important to know about the origin of each tale, and
keep in mind that they are only a story, something
that isn’t true at all. These amazing stories are part
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of our identity. It’s great to know about them and

share them with other people.
• What are the most famous legends in your city?
• What are you afraid of?
• Are you superstitious?
1
Reading
Language and Literature
Do you like reading stories about ghosts? What do you know about Oscar Wilde?
The Canterville Ghost
Oscar Wilde was a British-Irish writer. He was famous because of his

great talent to write fantasy stories, tales and novels. Moreover, he wrote
some poems inspired by Shakespeare’s work. He also worked as a journalist
for some newspapers in the 1890s. He was popular because he had a unique
way of dressing and thinking.
One of his most famous tales is “The Canterville Ghost”. This story is
a tale that talks about a ghost who lives in a castle in Caterville, England.
An American family – mother, father, a daughter and two twin boys– buys
the castle, and they ignore the warnings that the ghost of Lord Canterville
walks in the castle with chains on his feet. This lord killed his wife three
hundred years ago, and his spirit couldn’t leave the castle. The ghost tries
to scare the family, but the children of the house joke about him. Virginia,
Pixabay / Reinhold Silbermann
who is the youngest, helps Lord Canterville find peace for his soul. In the
end, the ghost could find peace after his death, and the family lives in the
castle for many years.
Retrieved from: https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2019/nov/21/canterville-ghost-review-oscar-wilde-
unicorn-theatre-london
1. Read the article again. Complete the sentence with one word from
the box.
lady - chains - clothes - boys - poet - spirit
a. Another great inspired Oscar Wilde’s tales.

Ask these questions to your b. Wilde was also famous because he used unusual .
partner.
c. The Canterville Ghost is a story about a who lived in
• Are you interested in reading an old castle.
the book? Why?
d. The ghost had .
• Why do you think Virginia
helped the ghost? e. Two little weren’t afraid of the ghost.
f. A young helped the ghost.
2. Read the article again. Answer the questions.
a. Describe Oscar Wilde.

Vocabulary
journalist. a professional who

writes for newspapers b. How many people lived in the castle?
twin. two babies born from

one pregnancy c. Why was the spirit in the castle?
chain. a series of metal links
4
Vocabulary Move up
2 Complete the sentences with a word or
Get started phrase from the box. Use each word or
phrase once.
1 Find another way for saying each
expression and write it in the puzzle. Use last month last night last week
the words or phrases from the box. Which last year three days ago yesterday
word or phrase does not fit? Write it on the
line below the puzzle. Last week
1. , Marta worked in the
a few minutes ago a month ago bookstore. This week, she’s working in the
a week ago a year ago last month supermarket.
last night last week last year 2. Today is Friday. , on
three days ago yesterday Thursday, we skated in the park.
3. This year, Giuseppe starts classes at a new
Across
1. a year ago school. , he studied math at
2. yesterday night another school.
3. a little while ago 4. I talked on the phone with my friend
4. last year until very late. Today I am
5. last month very tired.
Down 5. Today is Wednesday. He bought a new car
1. a week ago
6. the day before today , on Sunday.
7. last week 6. This month, I exercised twice each week. I
8. a month ago exercised only once a week .
100 Unit 5
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5 Practice
GRAMMAR FOCUS A. PAIRS. Match the labels with the pictures.
The simple past of be (was, were)
Affirmative statements Negative statements
I was happy. I wasn’t sad at all.
You were happy. You weren’t sad at all.
He He
was happy. wasn’t sad at all.
She She
You You
We were happy. We weren’t sad at all.
They They
Contractions 3
wasn’t = was not weren’t = were not
Discovering grammar
Look at the grammar chart. Complete the
rules with words from the box.
was wasn’t be were weren’t
1. The simple past forms of are was

and were.
2. Use and with He, She,
and It.
3. Use and with I, You, We,
and They.
Practicing grammar
4 Practice
Complete the sentences with 1. the Beatles/(Great Britain) pop and rock
was, wasn’t, were, or weren’t. group
2. Thomas Edison/(United States) inventor
Last Saturday, I (1) was 3. Frida Kahlo and Diego Rivera/(Mexico)
painters
at a friend’s party. Some of my 4. Albert Einstein/(Germany) scientist
classmates (2) there, 5. Pierre and Marie Curie/(France) scientists
6. Mother Teresa/(Yugoslavia) nun
too. The party (3) a lot of fun. The food
(4) great. There (5) cakes, B. PAIRS. Take turns. Say who the people in
cookies, and lots of ice cream! Yum! There (6) the pictures were.
games and lots of fun activities. But For example:
there (7) any music. There (8) A: Frida Kahlo and Diego Rivera were
any dancing either. But it (9) a lot of fun Mexican painters.
B: Albert Einstein . . .
because the games (10) awesome.
54 Unit 6
052-061_SB1B_U06_14106.indd 54 1/17/07 7:57:37 PM

GRAMMAR FOCUS
The simple past of be (was/were)
Yes/No questions Affirmative answers Negative answers
Was I sad Yes, you were. No, you weren’t.
Were you sad Yes, I was. No, I wasn’t.
Was he/she sad Yes, he/she was. No, he/she wasn’t.
to see him go?
Were we sad Yes, we/you were. No, we/you weren’t.
Were you sad Yes, we were. No, we weren’t.
Were they sad Yes, they were. No, they weren’t.
Information questions Short answers Long answers
Who was at the door? Brian. Brian was at the door.
Where were you last week? On vacation. I was on vacation.
Why were they absent? Because they were sick. They were absent because they were sick.
What time was your appointment? At 10:00. My appointment was at 10:00.
B. PAIRS. Try to guess where your classmate

Discovering grammar and his or her family were by asking Yes/
Look at the grammar chart. Circle the No questions about the information in
correct answers. Exercise A.
1. In Yes/No questions, was and were come For example:

(before / after) the subject. A: Were you at school yesterday at 5:00 P.M.?
2. In information questions, was and were B: No, I wasn’t.
come (before / after) the question word. A: Were you at home?
B: No, I wasn’t.
A: Were you at a friend’s house?
B: Yes, I was!
Practicing grammar
You get three points if you guess correctly
6 Practice on the first try, two points on the second
A. Answer the questions about some
try, and one point on the final try. If you’re
members of your family. unable to guess correctly after three tries,
ask “Where were you/they?” or “Where
1. Where were you yesterday at 5:00 P.M.?
was he/she?”
I was at a friend’s house.
2. Where were you last Saturday? 7 Pronunciation
3. Where was your dad last night?
The pronunciation of was and were
A. 60 Listen and repeat.
4. Where was your mom last Saturday? Weak pronunciation Strong pronunciation
It was fun. It wasn’t boring.
5. Where were your grandparents last Was it fun? Yes, it was.
Sunday? Were you busy yesterday? No, I wasn’t.
B. PAIRS. Role-play the conversations.
6. Where were some of your cousins last 1. A: Were your friends at the party?
weekend? B: No, they weren’t.
2. A: Were you home last night?
B: Yes, I was.
Unit 6 55
052-061_SB1B_U06_14106.indd 55 1/17/07 7:57:52 PM

Writing
What spooky experiences have you had?
Spooky and Fun Stories
Grammar Tip
Hi readers! Commenting Adverbs
Welcome to my new blog entry. This time, I’ll share with you something You can use adverbs to give
that happened to me last week. your opinion about something.
Add “-ly” to many adjectives.
It was a quiet evening in my house and I was watching TV. Honestly, You can start sentences with
I wasn’t paying attention to the movie too much because I was sleepy. these adverbs.
I woke up because I heard a noise in the kitchen. I went to see what
the noise was, but I couldn’t find anything weird, just some fruit For example:
on the floor. Personally, I don’t believe in ghosts and stuff like, but Honestly, I wasn’t paying attention
for a minute I was scared. I looked in the cabinets, but there wasn’t to the movie.
anything. Surprinsingly, my cat appeared from nowhere, and he
must have been playing with the fruit because he loves to play with Personally, I don’t believe in ghosts
apples and oranges especially. Luckily, I solved the mystery of the and stuff like.
strange noise in the kitchen. It was my cat which moved some apples.
Hopefully, it wasn’t a ghost! Surprinsingly, my cat appeared
from nowhere.
How about you? Have you had any spooky experiences? Tell us.
Luckily, I solved the mistery of the
strange noise in the kitchen.
1. Answer these questions. Hopefully, it wasn’t a ghost!
a. What spooky experiences have you had or heard about?
b. Where were you? or Who told you that story?
c. Were you with someone?
d. What happened at the end?
2. Use your answers from the previous activity and write your a paragraph
about a spooky event.
Freepik
5
Practicing grammar
GRAMMAR FOCUS
The simple past
5 Practice
of regular verbs Have a competition! Go to page 69.
I talked to him yesterday. I didn’t talk to him.
She smiled at him. He didn’t smile back. 6 Practice
He stopped by a He didn’t stop for Complete the sentences with the simple past.
few minutes ago. long.
We cried because They didn’t cry at all. 1. Liza (ask) asked about Brian a while ago.
they moved away. 2. Andy and Robbie (play) basketball
Contractions in the yard this morning.
didn’t = did not
3. Brian (stop by) five minutes ago.
4. He (try) to call Joey an hour ago.
Discovering grammar
5. Liza (worry) that Brian called Joey
Look at the grammar chart. Complete the again.
grammar rules with expressions from the
box. 6. Brian and Joey (enjoy) shopping
together yesterday.
-d simple past ago stop
-ed yesterday last base 7. Liza (suggest) a party for Brian.
1. Use the to talk about

actions that are finished.
7 Practice
2. , , and A. Write a summary of the conversation on
page 42. Use the simple past of the verbs
are past time expressions. in the box.
3. The base form of stopped is .
agree plan stop
4. To form the simple past of regular verbs in ask play suggest
affirmative statements, add
or to the This morning, Andy and Robbie played basketball
base form of a verb.
in the yard. Brian stopped by for a few minutes.
5. To form the simple past of verbs in
Liza
negative statements, use did + not + the
form of a main verb.
She
Andy
They
B. PAIRS. Read your classmate’s summary.

Circle any incorrect information or incorrect
use of the simple past. Correct the errors in
your stories together.
44 Unit 5
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GRAMMAR FOCUS 11 Practice
A. PAIRS. Complete the questionnaire for
The simple past yourself. Put a check (✔) next to the
of regular verbs ones you did and an X next to the ones
Yes/No questions Short answers you didn’t do. Then ask a classmate the
Did you talk to Brian Yes, I did. / No, I questions.
yesterday? didn’t.
Did he stop by a few Yes, he did. / No, he
minutes ago? didn’t.
Did you cry last night? Yes, we did. / No, we
didn’t.
HOW HELPFUL ARE YOU?
Discovering grammar Yesterday, did you . . . Me You
• help clean the house?
Look at the grammar chart. Circle the • wash the dishes after eating?
correct answers. • clean your room?
1. Yes/No questions begin with (did / do). • organize your things in
your room?
2. (Add / Do not add) -d or -ed to the main
verbs in simple past questions.
HOW STUDIOUS ARE YOU?
Last night, did you . . . Me You
• finish your homework?
Practicing grammar • study for your tests?
• prepare your things for the
10 Practice next day?
A. Write Yes/No questions. Use the simple

past and the cues.
1. finish your homework last night HOW SOCIABLE ARE YOU?
Last weekend, did you . . . Me You
• watch a movie with friends?
2. watch a movie last Saturday • invite friends over to your
house?
• call your friends?
3. call your parents this morning • stop by a friend’s house?
4. like the last Harry Potter movie

HOW HEALTHY ARE YOU?
Last weekend, did you . . . Me You
5. clean your room last weekend • exercise?
• walk a lot?
6. text your friends yesterday • play any sport?
• avoid sweets and junk food?
B. PAIRS. Take turns. Ask and answer the

questions in Exercise A. B. GROUPS. Join another pair. Compare your
For example: answers. Who is . . .
A: Did you finish your homework last night? a. helpful?
B: Yes, I did. How about you? b. studious?
A: No, I didn’t.
c. sociable?
d. healthy?
46 Unit 5
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GRAMMAR FOCUS
The simple past of regular verbs
Who did your sister call this morning? Me. My sister called me this morning.
When did you talk to Brian? Yesterday. I talked to him yesterday.
What time did he stop by? A few minutes ago. He stopped by a few minutes ago.
Why did you cry? Because my mom yelled at me. I cried because my mom yelled
at me.
With Who as subject
Who called you this morning? My sister. My sister called me this morning.
Discovering grammar 13 Practice

Look at the grammar chart. Circle the Write information questions for the underlined
correct answers. words in each sentence.
1. When you use did with a main verb, 1. Andy picked up some snacks.
(add -ed / do not add -ed) to the main
(Who) Who picked up some snacks ?
verb.
2. When the subject is Who, (use / don’t use) 2. Andy invited Joey to the party.
did with the main verb. (Who)
3. Brian arrived in Miami two months ago.
(When)
Practicing grammar 4. Liza suggested a party for Brian because he’s
leaving.
12 Practice (Why)
A. Write information questions using the cues. 5. Brian e-mailed his parents a few days ago.
1. When / last exercise (Who)
When did you last exercise?
6. Annie called Liza at 10:00 this morning.
2. What time finish studying / last night (What time)
3. What movie / watch / last Saturday 14 Communication

Talk about past events
4. Where / study / yesterday
A. 55 Listen to the conversation.
A: Did you watch American Idol last night?
5. When / last clean / your room
B: No, I didn’t. Did you?
A: Yeah. I didn’t like it at all.
6. Why / call / me / last night B: I’m glad I didn’t watch it.
B. Talk about what you did last weekend.
B. PAIRS. Student A, ask your classmate
questions 1–3 in Exercise A. Student B,
answer them.
C. PAIRS. Student B, it’s your turn. Ask

questions 4–6. Student A, answer them.
Unit 5 47
042-051_SB1B_U05_14106.indd 47 1/17/07 7:51:35 PM

Language Through the Arts
Language and Literature
What do you know about horror-fiction literature?
The Raven
Edgar Allan Poe was an American poet and writer. He had a complicated
life, and he expressed his feeling through poetry. Most of his poems don’t
talk about happiness or love, they talk about sadness and disappointment.
One of his most remarkable poems is The Raven.
This fictional poem is a little bit scary. The author said he got inspiration
from a sad situation, when his girlfriend died, and he reflected his sadness
in the poem. A newspaper published the poem in 1845, and after that the
poem was part of a book. It talks about a raven who suddenly entered
k through a window while a depressed man was in his room. The man was
pi
ee sad because his young wife, Leonora, died of tuberculosis. This strange bird
Fr
talked, and the only word it said was “nevermore”. It was disturbing, and
the raven never left the room. It was there to remind the man of his sadness
because of his wife’s death
Read the comments about the
poem. Answer the questions. Here is an excerpt from the poem:
• Do comments A and B
say good things about the “With such name as “Nevermore.”
poem? How? “But the Raven, sitting lonely on the placid bust, spoke only
That one word, as if his soul in that one word he did outpour.”
• Does comment C say good
things about the poem?
How? Here are some comments about this poem:
• What words did the experts a. “Poe illustrated cleverly the way he felt because of his loss”.
use in their comments?
b. “Apparently it’s just a poem, but it’s more a spooky tale”.
c. “Unfortunately, it doesn’t last long. It’s an amazing and scary short story”.
Write a comment about the Retrieved from: https://time.com/3676510/edgar-allan-poe-raven/
poem. Use commenting
adverbs from page 5.
1. Read the article again. Choose the correct answer.
•
• a. What’s the main topic in Poe’s poems?

•
love / sadness / happiness
•
b. Where did the author publish this poem?
•
nowhere / newspaper / book
Share with your classmates.
c. What happened to the author’s girlfriend?
Vocabulary She went away / She didn’t love him / She died
sadness. feeling sad d. What entered into the man’s room?

raven. black bird two birds / a black bird / a white bird
outpour. strong feeling
6
GRAMMAR FOCUS
The simple past of irregular verbs
Brian went to Miami two months ago. He didn’t go to New York.
Brian spent the summer there. He didn’t spend the winter there.
Yes/No questions Affirmative answers Negative answers
Did Brian go to Miami? Yes, he did. No, he didn’t.
Did Brian spend the summer there? Yes, he did. No, he didn’t.
When did Brian go to Miami? Two months ago. He went to Miami two months ago.
Who went to Miami? Brian. Brian went to Miami.
Some irregular verbs
come ➔ came have ➔ had go ➔ went take ➔ took
do ➔ did get ➔ got spend ➔ spent tell ➔ told
Discovering grammar 9 Practice

Look at the grammar chart. Circle the correct answers. Write two sentences to correct
1. Irregular verbs (add / do not add) -d or -ed to the base form the information.
to form the simple past. 1. Brian went to Canada as an
2. In simple past questions, use the helping verb (do / did) with exchange student.
the base form of a main verb. Brian didn’t go to Canada.
He went to the United
States.
Practicing grammar 2. He came back to Australia
last month.
8 Practice
Read Brian’s e-mail. Circle all the verbs in the simple past.
Include both affirmative and negative forms. 3. On Sunday, he went to bed
at 10 P.M.
Hey! How are you guys doing?

I arrived home on Sunday. I was really tired that day, so 4. He took a shower at 6 A.M.
I went to bed at 8:00 P.M. When I woke up at 1:00, I went
straight to the bathroom and took a shower. Of course, I
didn’t know it was one in the morning! My mom and dad
weren’t up, so I knocked on their bedroom door to ask
5. Brian spent the summer
about breakfast. “At one in the morning?” Mom asked.
with his grandparents.
I’m glad I spent my summer with your family. Your dad’s
job as a computer animator is so cool! I think I’m going to
study computer technology.
My parents said hi. Thanks again for a great summer.
I miss you all.
Brian
10 Practice
Have a competition! Go to
page 69.
56 Unit 6
052-061_SB1B_U06_14106.indd 56 1/17/07 7:57:53 PM

Grammar
The simple past of irregular verbs
Get started 10 Complete the descriptions of Rob’s day.

Write the simple past of the verbs in the
8 Write the simple past of these verbs. Then box. Use each verb only once.
write R if the verb is regular or I if it is
irregular. Use the dictionary if necessary. come get wake up go
Base form Past tense R or I have read walk spend
1. carry carried R
2. go
3. help
4. spend
5. jog
6. leave
7. take 1. Rob woke up at 2. He a
8. like 9:10 A.M. bowl of cereal.
Move up
9 Rewrite the sentences in the negative.
1. Luke went to the movie theater.
Luke didn’t go to the movie theater.
3. He to 4. He a CD.
2. The students had a party last week.
the record store.
3. I left the house two hours ago.
4. You said, “Thank you.”
5. We read that book last year.

5. He back 6. He the
home at 5 P.M. newspaper.
6. My friend told me to do it.
7. Olga did all the planning for the concert.
8. Marlon spent all afternoon playing video

games.
7. He the 8. He to
evening in front of bed at 10:30 P.M.
the TV.
108 Unit 6
106-111_LB1B_U06_14106.indd 108 1/17/07 8:13:02 PM

Reach for the top 12 Look at the chart. Write the answers.
11 Complete the conversation. Write what
Rob’s mother told him he didn’t do. Write
affirmative statements as his responses.
Use expressions from the box.
get up early
come home on time
go to the supermarket
do your homework
take the books back to the library
Susan James and Sara
get stamps
spend time with your little brother go to the party ✓ ✗
get a new TV ✓ ✗
Mother: You didn’t get up early.
wake up late ✓ ✗
Rob: I got up early yesterday.
come home early ✗ ✓
Mother:
take a walk ✗ ✓
Rob:
Mother: 1. Q: Did Susan go to the party yesterday?
Rob: A: Yes, she did. She went to the party.
Mother: Q: Did James and Sara go to the party
Rob: yesterday?
Mother: A: No, they didn’t. They didn’t go.
Rob: 2. Q: Did Susan get a new TV yesterday?
Mother: A:
Rob: Q: Did James and Sara get a new TV
yesterday?
Mother:
A:
Rob:
3. Q: Did Susan wake up late yesterday?
A:
Q: Did James and Sara wake up late
yesterday?
A:
4. Q: Did Susan come home early yesterday?
A:
Q: Did James and Sara come home early
yesterday?
A:
5. Q: Did Susan take a walk yesterday?
A:
Q: Did James and Sara take a walk
yesterday?
A:
Workbook 109
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Units 5 and 6
Test-taking tip: Review your answers.
After answering all the questions, review your answers. Correct any errors.
Grammar 2. He went back to Australia last month.

(When)
A. Write the past forms of the verbs.
3. He was in the U.S. because he was an
(1 point each)
exchange student.
1. is/am was 6. do
(Why)
2. are 7. try 4. He invited his parents to visit him.
3. shop 8. tell (Who)
4. take 9. go
5. make 10. come Vocabulary
B. Complete the sentences with the simple E. Write the occupation for each definition.
past form of the verbs in parentheses. (1 point each)
(1 point each)
1. operates aircraft pilot
1. My friend Sherri and I (be) were at a
2. drives buses and trucks
rock concert last Saturday.
3. creates websites
2. We (see) some of our
4. cuts and styles hair
classmates there.
5. treats people’s teeth
3. We (call) their names.
4. But they (not/hear) us.
Communication
5. The concert (be) awesome.
6. We (have) a lot of fun. F. Talk about what you did on your last
birthday. Ask Yes/No and information
C. Change sentences 2, 3, 4, and 6 in questions. Use the cues. (2 points each
Exercise B into Yes/No questions. Then sentence)
answer them. (3 points each sentence) A: (Yes/No question)
1. Q: Did we see our classmates at the Did you have a party?
concert?
B: Yes, I had a party with my friends.
A: Yes, we did. A: (Information question)
2. Q:
A:
B:
3. Q:
A: (Yes/No question)
A:
4. Q:
A: B:
D. Write information questions about the

underlined parts in the sentences. Use
the cues. (2 points each) Now I can . . .
❏ talk about past events.
1. Brian spent his summer in the U.S. ❏ express approval and disapproval.
(Where) Where did Brian spend his ❏ talk about occupations.
summer?
Progress check 59
052-061_SB1B_U06_14106.indd 59 1/17/07 7:59:07 PM

Lesson B
Have you heard of “El árbol de Guayaba” folktale?
Ecuadorian Folktales
Read this article about a legend in the Galapagos Islands.
The Galápagos Islands are known for folktales. Their stories or legends
include pirates, treasures, curses and so on. From all the stories you may
have heard, there is one that should not be missed. On San Cristóbal Island,
there is a legend about “El árbol de Guayaba”. According to some local people,
it is believed that the “guayaba” is a fruit that was first introduced by Manuel
Julian Cobos in 1880. It is said that this man was so overprotective towards
this tree that he would not let anyone, except for his wife and himself,
touch it or taste its fruit. He was the owner of a huge plantation, called “El
Freepik
Progreso”, so he had more than 300 workers who were wanting to try that
delicious fruit because of the sweet smell it had. As a matter of fact, the
“guayaba”, whose scientific name is Psidium Guajava, is mainly characterized
by having fragrant glands on its leaves. Among the workers, there was a
World Fact
pregnant woman who had cravings for this “guayaba”, so her husband, who
Around the world, folktales was a worker too, stole one “guayaba” for her wife. Unfortunately, he was
are part of people’s identity caught and killed because of this. The pregnant woman was so angry that
and culture. In light of this she cursed this tree with a spell that involved turning the tree into a sort of
fact, thousands of folktales plague. From that moment on, “El árbol de guayaba” can be found all over
are passed down from the Galapagos Islands, and it is considered a problem because it does not let
generation to generation. So, other trees grow properly.
let’s read about an interesting
legend from the Galapagos
Islands! According to the reading, answer the questions below in complete
sentences using your own words.
1. Who was Manuel Julian Cobos?
Values: Identity
Don’t be afraid of telling folktales 2. Would you say that Manuel Julian Cobos was a bad person?
you have heard of. Be proud of Explain.
your culture and don’t let anyone
steal it from you!
Pair up and ask you partner the question below. Make sure to write
down their ideas in your notebook.
Vocabulary • Do you know an Ecuadorian legend?

folktale. legend or myth • If so, where is it from? Who told you? What is your favorite part of
the legend?
curse. evil spell
• If you do not know a legend, do you think it is a good idea for people
pass down. be inherited to pass down folktales from generation to generation? Explain.
8
Writing
What are some of the best legends you have heard about?
Writing a Legend
Tip
You are going to write a legend you have heard of. Your legend is expected
to be written in a paragraph. Make sure to be precise and use the past If possible, watch the “past
continuous and past simple. continuous tense vs past
simple: The Mysterious Stalker
Take the following legend as an example. (Suspense Thriller Short - ESL
Video)” video on YouTube,
so that you have a general idea
The Unknown Baby of the grammar involved.
Local people from where I live claim to have listened to a baby crying
at night. The interesting thing is that the noise is always heard in the same
place, which is, in the woods. Another creepy fact is that people who
have heard the noise had been all alone. People say they hear that noise
because many years ago a woman and her baby went missing one night in
the woods. As a matter of fact, yesterday I was walking back home, when Grammar Tip
all of the sudden I heard a baby, so I turned around but no one was there!
It’s just unbelievable! Past Progressive
(Subject + was/were + verb in
gerund –ing + Complement)
1. Now, it is your turn! Use your own information, be sure to use the past Yesterday I was walking back
continuous and past simple. home.
Longer action
Past Simple
(Subject + verb in past tense +
Complement)
When all of the sudden I heard a
baby, so I turned around but no one
was there.
Shorter action
2. Now, draw your legend! The past progressive is used

to point out a longer action in
progress in the past, where as the
past simple is used to mention
shorter actions that interrupt the
longer action. Both tenses are
separated by a comma.
Challenge. Present a five-

3. After you have finished writing your legend, exchange notebooks with minute presentation about
a partner. Review their writing and discuss possible ways to improve your legend.
the legend.
13
Let's Review
Vocabulary Writing
1 Complete the sentences with one word from 3 Find the mistake in each sentence and rewrite the
the box sentence correctly on the lines below.
castle - folktales - spells - spooky - campfire
a. I love to tell stories next to a with

my friends.
b. My uncle knows a lot of . He always
tells us about them.
c. Witches and fantasy characters use
against people.
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d. That is a really old.
e. Some children don’t like stories. a. I definite don’t agree with your opinion about this
movie.
Grammar
2 Read this blog entry about a spooky story.

Choose the correct option to complete the
sentences in the paragraph.
Last summer vacation, I was / were / am with b. Absolute, people don’t know about folktales.
my cousins at a nice beach. We have / had
/ were having a really good time together.
I remember one night, my oldest cousin

c. Honest, our legends are part of our identity.
buyed / was buying / bought some drinks for
everybody. While we drink / drank / were
drinking them, a young lady appeared / was
appearing / did appeared . She was inviting /

d. I strong believe that ghosts don’t exist.
were invited / invited us to go dancing, and we
deciding / are deciding / decided to go. Then, we
wanted / were wanting / was wanting to ask her
for her phone number, we couldn’t find the lady.

e. Personal, I think young generations have to know
about local legends and characters.
The man who sold / was solding / was selling us
the drinks said nobody was talking / talked / was
talked to us. That was spooky!
17
English Are we taking care
Pedagogical Module 3 of our planet?
Ninth Grade EGB
Comparatives
and superlatives 4
Natural disasters: causes
5 and consequences
Sc
ie
nc
Future tenses: will,
3
e
going to, continuous Deal with
6 an emergency
Ci
vic
s
isshh
Simple past &

2
glli
Present perfect 7
an
Ernest Hemingway
g
La Lite
Enn
d
ng ra
E
ua tur
Our World
ge e
8 Famous paintings
Imperatives 1
Ar
t
Values
Values
Democratic Human Natural environment

12 participation 11 mobility 10 Responsibility 9 conservation
Our world, our home

This is our world, our home, and the only one we People also need information about natural disasters
have. It’s everybody’s responsibility to take care to face them. Communities need an emergency plan
of it. To protect the environment, people have to because it can save lives, and it is also interesting to plan
know everything about it, so it’s essential to recycle. one. If people join to organize these kind of projects,
Remember to use cloth bags instead of plastic bags. everybody can learn something new. Prevention is the
best way to protect people.
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• What can you do to protect our environment?
• What do you know about recycling?
1
Reading
Science
What different types of natural disasters are there?
Types of Natural Disasters

Value: Natural environment
conservation 1. Read this article about natural disasters.
Take care of the environment. A natural disaster is an event, it’s a natural process of the Earth.
During summer, make sure The most common are:
you don’t throw garbage Floods: This natural disaster is the most common on the coasts
in green areas, especially of the USA. The heaviest rains cause this, and as a result the cities
glass bottles. They can cause or villages get full of water.
a forest fire and are very
dangerous. If you go camping, Earthquakes: These have caused the a lot of damage in many
take your garbage with you countries. It happens when the ground shakes. Japan has the highest rate
when you leave. It’s good for of earthquakes.
the planet. Hurricanes: It is the strongest storm with a violent wind. They are
very common in Florida, USA and the Caribbean.
Wildfires: A huge fire which destroys a great area of land, especially
in forests and green areas. In summer, it is the most dangerous disaster
for wildlife and people.
Grammar Tip
Drought: It is a long period of time when it doesn’t rain at all.
This causes people to lose their crops, and it causes hunger.
Superlatives
General Rules: 2. Match the picture and the sentences.
• One syllable: add “-est”
The longest.
Freepik / Pixabay
• Two or more syllables: add
“most”
The most dangerous.
• Adjectives ending in “-y”:
change to i and add “-est”
The happiest. a. The longest drought was in the Atacama desert in Chile.
b. The worst earthquake was in Japan in 2011.
c. The biggest flood was in the USA in 2005.
d. The most dangerous hurricane was in Mexico.
e. The most recent wildfire was in Portugal.
3. Complete the questions with one word. The first letter is there. Use
superlative adjectives.
a. What was the most d earthquake in America?

Vocabulary b. When was the l drought in your city?
huge. extremely big c. Where was the w hurricane in America?
land. geographic area 4. Ask your partner the questions in the previous activity.
4
Writing
What can you do to prepare for a natural disaster?
Tips and Recommendations

Grammar Tip
1. Let’s write a recommendation with some tips in case of a natural disaster.
You can write recommendations in blogs. You can use imperative forms
to give advice. Imperatives
2. Read this blog entry.
are commands or orders.
Use imperatives to:
What to do in case of a natural disaster? • Give orders
The last earthquake in Japan was extremely dangerous, but luckily, Be quiet.
people knew what to do, and they followed a plan. These are some Sit down.
tips you can follow in case of an earthquake: Come here.
• Be calm. Don’t run and shout because because it makes things • Give advice
worse, people can be more afraid. Have a plan.
• Keep away from windows. You can get hurt. Call your parents.
• Find a safe place. Organize with your community a safe place Be careful.
to meet.
• Give instructions
• Have a first aid kit. This could be the most useful thing that
Open your book.
you have.
Close the window.
A natural disaster can be the most dangerous event people can Don’t do that.
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face; just remember to be calm and have a plan.

Imperatives are easy.
For negative, add don’t.
3. Answer these questions:
a. What are some natural disasters that people have to face in Ecuador?
b. Do people have an emergency plan in case of them?
4. Write recommendations for a blog. What to do before and during

a natural disaster?
3
5
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5
D. PAIRS. Student A, give a command
GRAMMAR FOCUS from Exercise A. Student B, act out the
command. Take turns giving and acting out
Imperatives commands.
Affirmative Negative
Look who’s here! Don’t look! 6 Practice
Uses of the imperative
GROUPS. Have a competition! Go to page 68.
Look out! (for exclamations and warnings)
Be quiet! (for orders)
Please help me. (for polite requests)
Pull the door, then lock it. (for instructions)
A. GROUPS. Talk about school.
Discuss these questions: Is your
Discovering grammar school a friendly place? Do you like
Look at the grammar chart. Circle the being at school? Explain your answer.
correct answers. Useful language:
1. An affirmative imperative starts with a • Umm, not really./Maybe.
(verb / noun). • Well, it’s OK.
• I like/don’t like school.
2. (Do / Don’t) comes first in a negative
• Because of the homework.
imperative. • Because I see my friends at school.
3. Use the (past tense / base form) of a verb • Because some students aren’t nice.
in an imperative. • Yeah.
B. GROUPS. Make a list of ten Dos and

Don’ts for students and teachers to
Practicing grammar make your school a better and more
enjoyable place. Share your list with
the class.
5 Practice
A. Write five affirmative classroom commands.
Use a period or an exclamation point (!).
1. Be nice to everybody.
1. Open your books!
2. Don’t be rude.
2.
3.
3.
4.
4.
5. 5.
6. 6.
7.
B. Underline the verbs in Exercise A.
8.
C. Rewrite the commands in Exercise A as
negative commands. 9.
1. Don’t open your books! 10.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
8 Unit 1
006-013_SB1B_U01_14106.indd 8 1/17/07 7:25:47 PM

Grammar
Imperatives
Get started
3 Complete the sentences with the affirmative or
negative imperative for the verbs. Use the face cues.
1. choose ☺ Choose a book.
2. use Don’t use that computer.
3. sit on the desk.
4. walk ☺ to the park with me.
5. sing ☺ your favorite song.
6. talk loudly in class.
7. play ☺ a game with your brother.
8. listen to her.
4 Match the situation with the imperative. Write the correct letter on the line.
d 1. Close the window. a. Your hands are dirty.
2. Sit down. b. Some have fallen on the floor.
3. Wash your hands. c. This table is covered with books.
4. Take a piece of apple. d. It’s getting cold in here.
5. Look at that! e. Here are some fruit slices.
6. Pick up those CDs. f. A red sports car speeds up the street.
7. Raise your hand. g. You know the answer to the question.
8. Please put them on the shelf. h. Here’s a chair for you.
Move up 6 Use the verbs in the box to write the

correct affirmative or negative imperative.
5 Complete the imperatives with the words in
the box.
call feed listen wake up wash
cry hurry up open take walk
1. Don’t wake up Jake. He needs to rest.
1. Don’t walk on the grass! (not) 2. Carol. Ask her if she wants to
come with us.
2. Please the window. It’s hot
in here. 3. those dishes. They are very
dirty.
3. this book over to that table,
please. 4. the dog. There is still food in
his dish.
4. Please . Everything will
be OK. (not) 5. to this. It’s a great song.
5. . We’ll be late!
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Reach for the top 2.
7 Rewrite the affirmative imperatives in the

negative and the negative imperatives in
the affirmative.
1. Don’t pay attention to the other players on
the field.
Pay attention to the other players on the field. Command:
2. Put those books away after you read them. Use:
3.
3. Don’t close the car window.
4. Let your sister ride your bicycle.
5. Call your grandmother before you get home

from school. Command:
Use:
6. Don’t leave your notebook on the desk. 4.
8 Write commands with the phrases in the

box. Then write the use of the commands
(give an order, give a warning, make a
polite request, give instructions).
Command:
Come here. Look out! Wake up!
Use:
Please come in. Please be quiet.
Take out your books and turn to page 8. 5.
1.
Command:
Use:
6.
Command: Look out!
Use: give a warning
Command:
Use:
76 Unit 1
074-055_LB1B_U01_14106.indd 76 1/17/07 8:06:58 PM

Discovering grammar
GRAMMAR FOCUS Look at the grammar chart.
Can to talk about abilities Complete the rules.
Affirmative statements Negative statements 1. Use + the base
I can speak English. They can’t speak English. form of a verb to talk about
Yes/No questions Short answers abilities.
Can you speak English? Yes, I can./No, I can’t. 2. The full form of can’t is
Can he speak German? Yes, he can./No, he can’t.
.
Information questions Answers
What languages can you speak? We can speak Portuguese
and English.
Who can speak English? I can speak English.
Contraction
can’t ➔ cannot
Practicing grammar
9 Practice
PAIRS. Look at the picture. Take turns. Ask who can do each activity below.
• speak English • ride a bike • swim • sing
• drive • draw • dance • play the guitar
• act • play soccer • Rollerblade • skateboard
For example:
A: Who can speak English?
B: Jim can speak English. Who can sing?
10 Unit 1
006-013_SB1B_U01_14106.indd 10 1/17/07 7:26:02 PM

Grammar Move up
Can to talk about abilities: 10 Read each affirmative statement. Write
a negative statement about the ability in
Affirmative and negative parentheses.
statements
1. I can speak Spanish. (French)
I can’t speak French.
Get started
2. Cheryl can play the flute. (the guitar)
9 Complete the sentences with affirmative
statements about ability. Use the words in
the box. 3. Alfredo can ride a bicycle. (a horse)
dance drive juggle

sing skate play the violin 4. Isaiah can draw a family tree. (the family dog)
5. Rosalia can write a rap song. (an opera)

1. John
can sing .
6. He can fix a computer. (a car)
2. Rita Grammar
. Can to talk about abilities:
Yes/No questions
Get started
3. Benita
.
11 Write Yes/No questions using the words in
the box.
can act can add can dance

can drive can play the guitar can swim
can ride a bike can speak English
4. Mr. Hernandez
.
1. Can Tony add ?
Yes, he can. Tony is good at math.
2. ?
5. Ms. Malatesta Yes, she can. Corrine takes a language class
after school.
.
3. ?
Yes, he can. Sasha’s brother practices every
day in the pool at school.
6. Ernesto and Paola 4. ?
. No, she can’t. Anne is too young. She takes
the bus to school.
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5. ?
Yes, they can. They play in concerts together.
Grammar
6. ? Can to talk about abilities:
Information questions
No, he can’t. He falls when he starts to pedal.
7. ? Get started
Yes, he can. He’s in every play at school.
8. ?
13 Complete the sentences with can and a
verb from the box.
Yes, she can. She loves ballet.
do listen to name play sing speak
Move up 1. What languages can you speak ?
12 Unscramble the words to make Yes/No 2. What dances Tomás ?

questions. 3. What CDs we ?
1. Marissa / skate / Can / very well / ? 4. What songs she ?
Can Marissa skate very well?
5. What games they ?
2. tennis / play / Juliet / Can / ? 6. What countries you ?
3. Can / Gino and May / speak / languages / Reach for the top
two / ?
14 Write a question to go with each answer.
4. explain / the math homework / Can / Ivan / ? 1. A: What instruments can you play?
B: I can play the violin and the flute.
2. A:
5. Gianna / birthday party / plan / Can /
B: I can speak English, Spanish, and French.
Mina’s / ?
3. A:
B: I can play soccer and basketball.
6. paint / Can / Keyshawn and Jamie /
4. A:
the whole bedroom / ?
B: I can dance ballet and tap.
5. A:
7. Dmitri / skating tricks / Can / do / cool / ? B: I can sing all of the songs from The Lion
King and Beauty and the Beast.
8. Colin and Vanessa / books / to the library / 6. A:
take / Can / ? B: I can draw cats and rabbits.
7. A:
9. right now / you / help me / Can / ? B: She can understand English and
Japanese.
8. A:
10. Shane / run fast / Can / ? B: They can name the countries in South
America.
78 Unit 1
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Reading
How reliable do you think weather forecasts are?
Weather Forecast Reliability

1. Read this weather forecast.
Weather forecasting is a method to predict the weather. According

Freepik / macrovector
to the BBC News, Admiral Robert FitzRoy created a way to predict

the weather in the 1860s. He was the first who used the word “forecast”
to refer to weather predictions. He was a sailor, and he observed
the clouds and bird’s behavior to predict rains.
However, in real life, everything said by forecasters does not always
It is a sunny day happen. There is proof that they are not always accurate. What they
present is not 100% accurate but around 80%. It is interesting that it
all started by using people’s naked eyes. In all honesty, people have
always used their eyes to predict the weather and it has surprisingly
worked out. So, next time you watch the weather forecast, don’t rely
on everything they say, be wise and take some precautions in case
the day turns out to be sunny, cloudy, rainy, stormy, windy, cold,
It is a cloudy day It is a rainy day snowy, foggy or hot. You never know.
2. Based on the reading, decide whether the following statements are

True(T) or False(F).
a. A sailor invented a way to predic rainy weather.

It is a stormy day It is a windy day
b. Weather forecasting has been scientifically proven.
c. Weather forecasting is always correct when predicting.
d. Some people use their naked eyes to predict the weather.
e. Always rely on everything forecasters say.

It is a cold day It is a snowy day
3. Answer the following questions in your own words.

a. How accurate is weather forecasting in your city?
It is a foggy day It is a hot day

b. Do you think forecasters are fully reliable?
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4. Do you like to talk about the weather? If so, do you think it is one of the
best ways to start out a conversation? If not, why? Share your answers
Vocabulary with your partners.
to predict. to say what will

happen in the furture
accurate. exact or precise
12
Writing
Has the weather been crazy in your city lately? Why?
Weather Blog
1. Write a paragraph about how crazy the weather is. Your paragraph
is expected to include the following information:
a. What was the weather like yesterday?
b. What has the weather been like lately?
Take the following paragraph as an example. Make sure to focus on the

present perfect that is in italics font and the simple past that is underlined.
Read this weather forecast.
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Yesterday, the weather was crazy because in the morning I enjoyed
a beautiful sunny day, but in the afternoon everything changed all of
the sudden. It started to rain and lasted for two to three long hours!
Lately, the weather has been so unpredictable, in the last five months
I have changed my outfit in the same day three times.
2. Now, it's your turn! Use your own information, be sure to use modal verbs.
Grammar Tip
Present perfect:
(have/has + verb in past
participle)
3. Once you are done, hand in your book to your classmate and give It is used to talk about recent
yours to your partner as well. Check your classmate’s paragraph by past events that are not
providing feedback. Make sure to verify your partner answers the finished. Therefore, the time
questions provided. Improve your paragraph by following your partner’s is unspecified. It is also used
suggestions. to talk about repeated actions
in the past until now, and,
as seen in the context of this
lesson, it is used to focus
on the change over time.
The time expressions that
are used are the following:
4. Prepare a five-minute presentation about your paragraph. During your
Today, this week, this year,
presentation, you may ask some questions to be sure everyone is paying
this year, so far, until now,
attention. recently, lately, already, since,
just, yet, ever, never, how long
(once, twice, three times, etc.)
Simple past: (verb in past
form: regular and irregular
verbs)
It is used to talk about
a specific finished event
in the past.
13
Vocabulary
Task 1. Complete the sentences with the words from the box.
ISLAND – RIVER – LAKE – OCEAN – DESERT
1) A sea between continents is an ___________________

2) A long area of water from the mountains to the sea is a ___________________
3) A very hot and dry place with no trees is a ___________________
4) An area of land with water around it is an ___________________
5) An area of water with land around it is a ___________________
Task 2. Look at the pictures and complete the weather words.
6) __a __ __ 7) __ u __ 8) __ __ __ r __ 9) c __ __ __ __
10) __ __ g 11) __ __ __ o 12) __ I __ __ 13) __c__

Task 3. Choose the correct word to complete the sentences.
14) This food is boiling hot/ cold. I can’t eat it.
15) It's freezing cool / cold outside. Put on a coat!
16) It's quite cold / warm outside so I'll wear a T-shirt.
17) I would like a nice warm / cool drink, like lemonade.
18) I’m feeling hot / cold. Can you open the window, please?
Task 4. Complete the sentences with these words.

cloudy dry fog ice rains wind wet
19) It ____________ a lot in November.

20) There was a lot of _____________ this morning, and it was difficult to see anything.
21) It's dangerous to drive when there is ____________on the road.
22) The seat was ____________, so I didn't sit on it.
23) It was _____________ today, and the sky looked very dark.
24) 1 hope it's ______________ tomorrow, because I want to go for a walk in the mountains.
25) There was a strong ______________today, and it felt cold.
Grammar
Task 1 Complete the sentences with HAVE or HAS.
1. You __________ visited a lot of interesting places.
2. Both my brothers ___________ gone to university.
3. ___________ your mother ever been to Japan?
4. I____________ never seen an iceberg.
5. Suzanne ___________ swum with dolphins.
6. What ____________ the children done today?
Task 2. Complete the blog with the present perfect form of the words in brackets.
Yesterday, I had a very interesting talk with my grandfather. He (1) _________________(have) a very
interesting life.
He (2)_________________ (go) to all of the continents except Antarctica.
He and my grandma (3)________________ (visit) some amazing places. Grandma says that Iceland is the
most interesting country she (4)_______________(ever / see). They often go back there because they
(5)________________ (make) some very good friends there. Their friends (6)_______________ (often I
come) to this country, too, and (7) ______________ (tell) me a lot about their country.
My grandpa (8) ______________(write) a book about their travels I (9)______________(not read) it yet,
but I am going to take it on holiday and read it then.
Task 3. Write the past participles of these verbs.

1. ride - ________________ 6. buy - ________________
2. learn - ________________ 7. write - ________________
3. put - ________________ 8. eat - ________________
4. make - ________________ 9. read - ________________
5. have - ________________ 10. stop - ________________
Let's Review
Vocabulary
1 Complete the sentences with one word from the c. What do people do in case of an emergency?
box. There is one extra word.
drill hurricane aid

flood evacuation d. What’s Karin’s last recommendation?
a. In case of an emergency, you should have your

first kit with you.
b. A is when there are heavy winds
and rain.
c. Everybody at school participated in the
emergency .
d. A is when there is a lot of water
from the sea or rivers in the city.
Reading
Freepik
2 Read about a birthday celebration.
Grammar
Hi! I’m Karin and I’m Colombian but I’ve Complete the sentences with simple past or present
4
lived in Chile since I was eight years old. In perfect. Choose one verb from the box.
my country, there are many earthquakes.
I’m sharing my experience with you, and
I'll give you some advice so that you can cook be rain (x2) play live
be prepared in case of an emergency.
In Chile, to face a natural disaster, we have
a plan to evacuate to safe zones. In each a. I born in Guayaquil, but I
neighborhood and school, we all know in Quito for ten years.
where to go in case of an earthquake.
Moreover, we have a backpack with b. My mom soup yesterday,
some necessary things including, water, it was delicious.
cans of food, medicine, lantern, blankets,
etc. Finally, the most important advice
c. My brother soccer for five
I can give you is to be calm and follow
the rescue team’s recommendations. years.
We know this is not predictable, but we
need to know what to do. d. The weather is cold these days. It
yesterday, it a lot lately.
3 Answer the questions.
a. Where is Karin from?
b. What happens all the time in Chile?

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17
Reading
What does recycling involve? Is it possible to recycle anything?
Do you like recycle? If so, What on Earth Is Recycling?

what do you think is one 1. Read this article about recycling materials
of the best ways to start
recycling? If not, why?
Share your answers with The key to recycling has to do with sorting materials. Once they are
your partners. sorted, the idea is to turn them into new products. Therefore, from this
point of view, recycling keeps us from greenhouse gas emissions which
affect our planet dramatically. Now, one could wonder, is it possible
to recycle anything? In theory, it is possible, but in practice there are
some materials such as Styrofoam which is reduced to almost nothing
after being recycled. Consequently, there isn’t enough material left
to start making new products. Simply put, recycling these kind
of materials ends up being a waste of energy which goes against
the recycling principle itself. As it happens, recyclable materials can
include paper, plastic, aluminum, cardboard and glass. Overall, recycling
reduces the amount of waste accumulated in landfills.
Freepik
2. Based on the reading, decide whether the following statements are
True(T) or False(F).
a. The key to recycling has to do with classifying materials.
b. The recycled materials are not used to make new products.
c. Theoretically speaking, anything is recyclable.
d. In practice, not everything is recyclable.
e. Styrofoam is a material that can be easily recyclable.
f. Paper, plastic, aluminum, cardboard cannot be recycled.
Vocabulary g. Waste in landfills is reduced thanks to recycling.
to sort. to classify 3. Answer the following questions in your own words.

to wonder. to ask yourself a. How many people recycle in your city?
styrofoam. foam
simply put. in other words

b. How does recycling help the environment?
cardboard. carton
landfill. waste disposal site
20
Writing
Why should beople be interested in recycling? How can they start?
Giving Advice on How to Recycle

Grammar Tip
1. Write a paragraph about how to recycle. Your paragraph is expected
to include the following information: Will: (will + verb in base form)
• What will you do in order to recycle? It is used to talk about the
future based on instant
• What materials are you going to recycle? decisions and promises.
2. Take the following paragraph as an example. Make sure to focus on the use Expressions such as “I think”
of will that is underlined and going to that is in italics. and “maybe” are commonly
used.
From now on, I will recycle plastic • I’ll go to the party with you.
bottles. It's a decision and a promise • She’ll come here as soon as
I'll keep for the rest of my life. In order possible.
to do this, I have to plan how I am going • They’ll bring the food and the
to do it. In August, I am going to start drinks.
college, and from the very first day
Notice that the modal “will”
of class, I am planning to keep every single
is the same for all the subject
plastic bottle I use daily in order to put it
pronouns.
the right recycling container. I will do it
for at least 8 days, so it becomes a habit. Going to: (going to + verb
I think, I will sell some plastic bottles too. in base form)
I will do my best to support and promote
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It is used to talk about future

recycling.
plans.
• I’m going to call you when
I get home.
Now, it is your turn! Use your own information, be sure to use modal • She’s going to travel abroad
verbs. next year.
• • We’re going to organize
a party.
•
Notice that the only verb
• that you congujate is the verb
to be.!
•
3. Once you are done, hand in your book to your classmate and give yours
to your partner as well. Check your classmate’s paragraph by providing
feedback, that is, opportunities to improve the paragraph itself. Make
sure to verify your partner answers the questions provided. Then,
return the books. Improve your paragraph by following your partner’s
suggestions.
Prepare a five-minute presentation about your paragraph. During your

presentation, you may ask some questions to make sure everyone
is paying attention.
Freepik
21
Lesson D
Are you interested in fashion? Why? Why not?
Weather Rules Fashion

Culture
1. Read this article about shopping and seasons.
Countries in Europe and
in North America have four Can you imagine going
seasons in the year: winter, shopping every change of season?
summer, autum, and spring. Do you like the idea? Well, this
This is the main reason why is possible if you live in any part
people usually buy clothes, of Europe or in any country which
at least four times a year. has the four seasons during specific
People need light clothes periods. For example, Argentina
for summer and warm clothes is one of the countries in South
for winter. For autumn they America, which has four seasons;
need a raincoat and for spring people spend a lot of money on
Pixabay / AhmadArdity
something colorful. clothes every two or four months.
The shops usually offer great sales
with discounts for people who
buy in advance, for people who
buy summer clothes in winter and
Write the name of each vice-versa. Moreover, weather rules fashion and fashion designers
person under each season. play with colors and textures. They usually combine bright colors with
a. “I usually wear a light
light clothes; a pink short skirt is perfect for summer. On the other
green skirt, a blouse, and hand, a heavy brown coat is fashionable for winter; and a raincoat
sandals.” – Gina is the best piece of clothing for autumn; a hat or a cup is necessary
for the wind in spring.
b. I prefer a warm coat, scarf,
globes and a woody hat.” – The fashion industry knows this, and each season, they design new
Mike collections, and they organize fashion events. Weather changes are
a great excuse for making people invest money to look in fashion in
c. “I always use a cap, shorts, any season.
and a T-shirt.” – Juan
d. “I like to put on my raincoat, 2. Read the article. Write if the sentences are True(T) or False(F).
boots, and an umbrella.” –
Lucia a. Spain has four season in the year.
Summer Winter b. People don’t spend too much on clothes.
c. People buy clothes twice a year.
d. The fashion industry plans events to sell clothes.

Spring Autumn
3. Read the article again. Complete the sentences with one word from the
box.
rainy warm windy light
a. In winter, people need clothes, while in summer,
Vocabulary they buy clothes; such as skirts or T-shirts.

design. create clothes b. In autumn, the weather is , and people buy
collection. a set of pieces umbrellas and raincoats. In spring, it’s a season

of clothing. with a lot of flowers.
24
Assessment
Speaking Listening
1 Interview a classmate about seasons, fashion and 3 Listen to the conversation.
recycling. Ask them the following questions and
create two of your own. Take notes. 4 Write if the sentences are True(T) or False(F).
a. Mia loves to recycle.

a. How often do you go shopping with your friends?
b. Luis doesn’t know anything about
recycling.
b. Who buys clothes in your house?
c. There aren’t any trash cans near.
d. There are three different cans to recycle.

c. What do you do to recycle?
e. Luis isn’t interested in recycling.
d. Do Ecuadorians recycle? Why? 5 Answer these questions.
a. What’s Mia doing?

Share with the class.
2 Describe these pictures about recycling. b. What’s Mia’s opinion about recycling?
c. Does Luis know something about recycling?
6 Clasify these vocabulary words for each trash can.
bottle of wine plastic bag

old notebooks plastic bottle
jar or marmalade boxes of pizza
Freepik
Freepik
Freepik
30
Thanksgiving is the national holiday in the USA. It is celebrated on the fourth
Thursday in November. On this day American give thanks for the good things in their live.
Everything started in 1620, when the Pilgrims (members of the English Separatist
Church) left their country – England, on a ship called the Mayflower, because of he religious
reasons.
Their trip took 65 days and was very difficult. They landed near Plymouth Rock in America
and they started to build their homes there. (In those time the first people living in America
were Indians).
During the first winter many people died because they hadn’t got enough food to eat. In the
spring of 1621, the Pilgrims became friends with the Wampanoag tribe of Native Americans.
The Wampanoag helped the Pilgrims learn how to hunt better and how to plant crops like
corn.
In 1621 the harvest was very good. The Pilgrims were very thankful and they invited their
Native American friends to a feast.
The first Thanksgiving was celebrated and lasted for three days.
The main dishes included corns, pumpkins, fish and turkeys.
Thanksgiving became a national holiday in 1863.
Today Thanksgiving is still a day to be thankful for
family, friends and good food. Families gather around
the table and enjoy a traditional dinner of roast turkey with cranberries,
sweet potatoes and pumpkin pie for dessert. On this day many Americans go to
or watch on TV, football matches.
The Canadians celebrate Thanksgiving, too. In Canada it is on the second Monday in
October.
ANSWER THE QUESTIONS:
1. When is Thanksgiving celebrated in the USA ?

______________________________________________________
2. Who were the Pilgrims ? __________________________________
3. What was the name of the ship the Pilgrims sailed ? _______________________
4. How many days did the trip take ? _________________________________________
5. Who helped the Pilgrims in spring of 1621 ? __________________________________
6. How many days was Thanksgiving celebrated ? ________________________________
7. When did Thanksgiving become a national holiday ? _____________________________
8. What do Americans have for traditional dinner today ?
_____________________________________________________________________
9. What do Americans do after dinner ? _______________________________________
10. When do Canadians celebrate Thanksgiving ?
_____________________________________________________________________
Lesson A

Art
What do people do to celebrate Christmas where you live?
Christmas
1. Read this article about Christmas.
Talking about Christmas worldwide is fun, but it would take

a long time. However, there is a clear difference between celebrations
in Latin America and Europe and the United States. In Ecuador,
families make a family dinner, as well as in the USA. The traditional
meal is turkey or another traditional food from the region.
It’s common for American people to make a reservation in a fancy
restaurant, and at night they do some reading. In Ecuador, families
pray “la novena.” In Latin America, people usually do the shopping a
few weeks before Christmas, but in the USA, parents buy gifts one or
two months before. It does not matter where people are; many people
celebrate the birth of Jesus, in the Catholic religion.
Freepik
2. Write similarities and differences about Christmas celebrations in Ecuador

and in the USA.
Culture
Christmas is probably the

most popular celebration
in the world. On this day,
December 25th, people
celebrate the birth of Jesus.
Freepik
In general, families make
time to be together, talk, and
exchange gifts. A delicious
dinner is also part of this
celebration. However, every
country celebrates this day in
different ways.
3. What are some of the things that you enjoy about Christmas?
Vocabulary
4. Write a list of traditions your family does at Christmas time.
tradition. something that is
always done on a holiday

or at an event, the adjective
form is traditional
fancy. elegant
2
Lesson D
What are some of your feelings on New Year’s Eve?
New Year’s Eve

Culture
1. Read this article about New Year’s Eve.
New Year’s Eve is a great
time because, in the whole
world, people have parties Welcoming the New Year is an important event. However,
and different celebrations in Ecuador, people used to do many things which make this celebration
to welcome the year. The unique. Some traditions used to be different, but the general idea is the
party starts on December 31st, same. A well-known Ecuadorian tradition is to burn dolls (monigotes)
and the first day of the year at midnight. They represent all the bad moments of the old year, and it is
is January 1st. Different a good luck symbol for the New Year.
traditions worldwide make Also, men dress like women, and they are “widows” of the old year.
this day special. They dance in the streets and ask for pennies. People have parties with
friends and family. Many years ago, families met together, and they
listened to the New Year’s count down on a radio station called “Radio
Tarqui”. After that, they made promises and, of course, they danced
and talked in houses or streets. New Year is a huge celebration,
Correct these sentences from and people make dinner and have a toast.
the reading. Many years ago:
In the rest of the world, people organize huge celebrations in the
a. people watched TV. streets, and the count down is on main streets. For example, in New
York, people can count down until midnight at Times Square.
•
•
2. Read the article. Answer the questions.
b. people didn’t make
promises. a. What is an important tradition in Ecuador on New Year’s Eve?
c. people didn’t dance

in the streets.
b. How do some men celebrate New Year? Use your own words to explain.
•
d. people only ate snacks.
•
c. What did families use to do years ago on New Year?
•
Vocabulary
count down. from 10 down

d. What happens in New York on New Year´s eve?
to 0,10-9-8-7-etc.
toast. when everyone

drinks together in honor
of something or someone
24

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English What do you do in

Pedagogical Module 1 your free time?

Ninth Grade EGB

Connecting words 4 Music festivals:

11 Tolerance 10 Freedom of speech 9 Human rights 8 Interculturality

Time Management is the Key to Success and Having Fun

• What do you usually do after school?

• Are you interested in starting a new hobby? Which one? Why?

Communication and Cultural Awareness

What kind of music do you like?

The Importance of Music

Value: Interculturality Did you know that you can manage

c. Why is it important to relax before a difficult task?

2.. Complete these students’ opinions about music therapy. Choose an

quick happy effective correct

stress. feeling of pressure

What Are You Doing?

skate walk the dog talk on the phone ride a bike

go to listen to music eat run

2. Listen and read. Then, identify the characters in the picture.

Unidad 4.indd 48 10/03/2016 11:05:10 a.m.

3. Complete the e-mail with the Present Progressive tense.

4. Listen to the sounds and identify the action.

a. What is Nick doing? He is eating.

Unidad 4.indd 49 10/03/2016 11:05:13 a.m.

What Are You Doing?

He is eating (a) He is (b) She is (c) She is (d)

Spelling Rules for –ing form

• If the verb ends in –e, drop –e and

VP1_WB_UNIT_4 MariaCe.indd 32 15/03/2016 09:02:19 a.m.

Dear diary, (d. talk) on the phone with my friend,

4. Look at the picture and answer the questions.

E.g. What is Lucia doing? d. Is William eating ice-cream?

b. What is Edward doing? f. Is Carrie riding a bicycle?

c. What is Ron eating? g. Is Lucia talking on the phone?

VP1_WB_UNIT_4 MariaCe.indd 33 15/03/2016 09:02:20 a.m.

Communication and Cultural Awareness

What are your favorite sports to play and watch?

FIFA World Cup

Value: Interculturality The FIFA U-20 World Cup is a championship

1. Answer the following questions in complete sentences.

Grammar Tip a. What are two different kinds of FIFA competitions?

Use the present progressive

d. Real Madrid is the this year.

who is playing in the final b. championship:

tie(d). both teams have c. win:

Unidad 6.indd 77 5/19/16 11:59 AM

7:30 AM 12:00 PM 12:30 PM 3:00 PM

5:00 PM 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 9:00 PM

VP1_WB_UNIT_6 MariaCe.indd 48 15/03/2016 09:06:00 a.m.

3. Look at Harry’s and Lucy’s schedule. Write sentences about

• go to school • get up late

• do homework • surf the internet

• go to the movies on Saturday

Harry and Lucy late on weekdays, but they late on the

4. Write the questions to the following sentences.

VP1_WB_UNIT_6 MariaCe.indd 49 15/03/2016 09:06:00 a.m.

Why do you think electronic music is popular?

Music Festivals: Tomorrowland

Do you love electronic music? Go to Tomorrowland. It happens

Pop, hip-hop, reggaeton, salsa,

a. How old are the people who go to this event?

b. How much do people spend on the tickets?