Practice Sheet WARRIOR SERIES CLASS – 10th

CARBON AND ITS COMPOUNDS

1. Which of the following bonds is formed by sharing 9. Which of the following is an example of a
2 electrons? saponification reaction?
(A) Single bond (B) Double bond
(A) CH3COOH + C2H5OH → CH3COOC2H5 +
(C) Triple bond (D) No bond
H2O
2. Which of the following is not an example of a (B) CH3COOH + NaOH → CH3COONa + H2O
saturated hydrocarbon? (C) CH3COOC2H5 + NaOH → C2H5OH +
(A) Cyclohexane CH3COO–Na+
(B) Benzene
(D) CH3CH2OH + [O] → CH3COOH
(C) Butane
(D) Propane
10. Assertion: Graphite is slippery to touch.
3. Which of the following is not a characteristic of a Reason: In graphite, the various layers of carbon
homologous series? atoms are held together by weak van der waal’s
(A) They differ by CH2 units.
forces of attraction.
(B) They differ by 14 units in mass
(A) Both assertion and reason are true and Reason
(C) They all contain a triple bond
(D) They can be represented by a general formula. is the correct explanation of Assertion.
(B) Both assertion and reason are true but reason
4. An organic compound 'P' with molecular formula is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
C2H4O2 turns blue litmus to red and gives brisk (C) Assertion is true but reason is false.
effervescence with NaHCO3. Identify the
(D) Assertion is false but reason is true.
compound
(A) Methanoic acid (B) Ethanoic acid
(C) Propanol (D) Butanoic acid 11. Name the following compound.
H
|
5. Which among the following compounds can give H–C–C–H
an addition reaction with chlorine? || |
(A) C2H4 (B) C2H5OH O H
(C) C3H8 (D) None of these
12. Write the names of the given functional groups:
6. How many covalent bonds are there in a methane (i) —CHO (ii) —COOH
molecule?
(A) 1 (B) 2
13. Name a chemical test used to distinguish saturated
(C) 3 (D) 4
and unsaturated compounds.
7. The organic compound contains 4 carbon atoms,
the root word according to IUPAC is 14. Why carbon can not form C4+ cation and C4- anion?
(A) Meth (B) Eth
(C) Bute (D) But
15. State two characteristic features of carbon which
8. Which of the following is an example of a when put together give rise to a large number of
substitution reaction?
carbon compounds.
(A) CH2 = CH2 + H2 ⎯⎯
h
→ CH2 – CH3
(B) CH3CH2OH ⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯
KMnO4 (alkaline)
→ CH3COOH 16. What is a homologous series? Explain with an
(C) CH4 + Cl2 ⎯⎯
h
→ CH3Cl + HCl example.
(D) CH  CH + H2 ⎯⎯
h
→ CH2 = CH2
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17. Differentiate between Ethanol and Ethanoic acid 20. Identify and name the functional groups present in
depending on their physical and chemical the compound.
properties.
H H H
| | |
a. H – C – C – C – OH
| | |
18. What is the difference between soap and H H H
detergents? H H O
| | ||
b. H – C – C – C – OH
19. In three test tubes A, B, and C, three different | |
H H
liquids namely, distilled water, underground water, H H O H H
and distilled water in which a pinch of Calcium | | || | |
c. H – C – C – C –C – C– H
sulphate is dissolved, respectively are taken. An | | | |
equal amount of soap solution is added to each test H H H H
H H H H H
tube and the contents are shaken. In which test tube | | | | |
will the length of the foam (lather) be the longest? d. H – C – C – C –C = C– H
| |
Justify your answer. H H

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 ANSWER KEY
1. (A) 11. (Check Solution)
2. (B) 12. (Check Solution)
3. (B) 13. (Check Solution)
4. (B) 14. (Check Solution)
5. (A) 15. (Check Solution)
6. (D) 16. (Check Solution)
7. (D) 17. (Check Solution)
8. (D) 18. (Check Solution)
9. (C) 19. (Check Solution)
10. (A) 20. (Check Solution)

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 HINTS AND SOLUTIONS
1. (A) A single bond is formed by sharing 2 14. Carbon cannot form a C4+ cation because the
electrons. removal of 4 electrons from a carbon atom would
require a large amount of energy. Further, Carbon
2. (B) Benzene is not a saturated hydrocarbon, as it
cannot form C4- anion because it would be difficult
contains double bonds.
for the nucleus with 6 protons to hold on to 10
3. (B) It's not necessary that all compounds of a electrons. Hence carbon atoms share electrons
homologous series contain the triple bond. forming covalent compounds.

4. (B) P is ethanoic acid (CH3COOH). It is acidic and
hence turns blue litmus red. It releases carbon
dioxide (CO2) when treated with Na2CO3 and
NaHCO3 which is responsible for
effervescence.
The reaction is given by:
2CH3COOH + NaHCO3 → 2CH3COONa +
H2O + CO2
5. (A) Unsaturated hydrocarbon shows an addition
reaction. Hence, compounds with the general
formula CnH2n or CnH2n-2 can show an addition
reaction with chlorine. Therefore, among the
given options only C2H4 (CnH2n) gives an
addition reaction with chlorine.
C2H4 + Cl2 → C2H4Cl2
6. (D) A methane molecule contains 4 covalent
bonds.
15. The two characteristic features of carbon that give
rise to a large number of compounds are as follows:
(i) Catenation − Catenation is the self-linking
property of carbon atoms to create chains and
rings with other atoms of carbon.
(ii) Tetravalency − With a valency of four, carbon
is capable of bonding with four other atoms.
16. A homologous series is a series of carbon
compounds that have different numbers of carbon
atoms but contain the same functional group.
For example, Methane CH4, Ethane CH3CH3,
Propane CH3CH2CH3, and Butane
CH3CH2CH2CH3 are all part of the alkane
homologous series.
The general formula of this series is CnH2n+2.
It can be noticed that there is a difference of −CH2
unit between each successive compound.

7. (D) But 17.

Ethanol Ethanoic acid
8. (D) CH  CH + H2 ⎯⎯
h
→ CH2 = CH2
Physical Properties
9. (C) CH3COOC2H5 + NaOH → C2H5OH + Ethanol is a colorless Ethanoic acid is a colorless
CH3COO–Na+ liquid that has a colorless liquid with a pungent odor
10. (A) In graphite, each carbon atom is joined to three pleasant smell. of vinegar.
other carbon atoms by strong covalent bonds. Ethanol has a burning Ethanoic acid has a sour
The various layers of carbon atoms in graphite taste. taste.
have weak vander wall's forces of attraction Ethanol exists as a liquid at
Ethanoic acid has a
between them and thus can easily slide over room temperature, and it melting point of 16oC. It
one another hence making them slippery to has a melting point of often freezes in the winter
touch. 156K and a boiling point season when the climate is
11. Ethanal of 351 K. cold and is also known as
glacial acetic acid.
12. (i) —CHO: Aldehyde Chemical properties
(ii) —COOH: Carboxylic Acid Ethanol does not react with Ethanoic acid reacts with
13. A bromine water test is usually used to differentiate react with carbonates or carbonates and
between saturated and unsaturated compounds. bicarbonates. bicarbonates liberating
Unsaturated compounds decolorise the red-brown CO2 gas.
color of bromine water whereas saturated color CH3CH2OH + NaHCO3 → CH3COOH + NaHCO3 →
does not decolorise bromine water solution. No Reaction CH3COONa + H2O + CO2

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18. 19. ● Test tube A contains distilled water which is
Soap Detergent considered soft water containing no free ions,
Soaps are the sodium salts Detergents are sodium and thus the length of foam in test tube A will
of long-chain carboxylic salts of long-chain benzene be longest.
acids. sulphonic acids. ● Test tube B contains underground water which
The ionic group in soaps The ionic group in contains ions like Mg+2, Ca+2, etc. which reacts
is: detergents is: with soaps to form salts of fatty acids called
–COO–Na+ SO3–Na+ scum which is insoluble in water, and thus the
Soaps do not clean well in Detergents are effective in length of foam will be less as compared to that
hard water. hard water. in test tube A.
Soap form scum with hard Detergent form lather with ● Test tube C contains distilled water with
water. hard water. CaSO4, which contains Ca+2 ions that react
with soaps to form salts of fatty acids, i.e.,
Soaps are derived from Detergents are synthetic
scum, and thus the length of foam in test tube
natural sources such as derivatives.
C will be less as compared to that in test tube
vegetable oils and animal
A.
fats.
Soaps are completely Detergents containing a
20. a. Alcohol
biodegradable branched hydrocarbon
b. Carboxylic Acid
chain are non-
c. Ketone
biodegradable.
d. Alkene
Examples of soaps are Examples of detergents are
sodium palmitate and deoxycholic acid and
sodium stearate. sodium lauryl sulfate.

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