NETAJI SUBHASH ENGINEERING COLLEGE

NAME : SAGAR DE
UNIVERSITY ROLL NO. :- 10931121055
CLASS ROLL :- 55
SECTION :- A
DEPARTMENT :- CSBS
SEMESTER :- 6 TH
YEAR :- 3 RD
SUBJECT :- OPERATING SYSTEMS
SUBJECT CODE :- PCC-CSBS602
TOPIC :- REPORT ON ROUND ROBIN SCHEDULING
ACADEMIC YEAR :- 2023-2024
 ABSTRACT
This report presents an in-depth examination of Round Robin Scheduling (RRS), a
pivotal process scheduling algorithm employed in modern operating systems. The document
begins with an elucidation of process scheduling's importance and the rationale behind
adopting efficient scheduling algorithms. It then proceeds to dissect the principles
underpinning Round Robin Scheduling, including its merits, demerits, and implementation
intricacies. Furthermore, the report explores assorted variants of Round Robin Scheduling
and furnishes real-world illustrations to elucidate its application. Through theoretical
exposition and practical exemplification, this report endeavors to enrich comprehension of
Round Robin Scheduling and its relevance in contemporary computing paradigms.

INTRODUCTION
In contemporary computer systems, optimal resource utilization is imperative for
ensuring peak performance. Process scheduling, a pivotal facet of operating systems,
assumes a crucial role in managing system resources and facilitating equitable CPU
allocation among competing processes. Diverse scheduling algorithms have been devised to
cater to varied requirements and enhance system efficiency. Among these, Round Robin
Scheduling (RRS) stands out due to its simplicity and equitable resource allocation.

PROCESS SCHEDULING: A PRIMER

Process scheduling entails the selection of processes from the ready queue and the
allocation of CPU time to these processes. The primary objectives of process scheduling
encompass maximizing system throughput, minimizing response time, and ensuring
equitable treatment of processes. Operating systems deploy an array of scheduling
algorithms, including First Come First Serve (FCFS), Shortest Job Next (SJN), Priority
Scheduling, and Round Robin Scheduling, to name a few.

ROUND ROBIN SCHEDULING: CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Round Robin Scheduling constitutes a preemptive scheduling algorithm wherein CPU
time is apportioned to processes in a cyclical fashion. Each process is allotted a fixed time
quantum, following which the CPU scheduler selects subsequent processes from the ready
queue based on their arrival time. Upon expiration of a process's time quantum, it is
preempted, and CPU allocation is transferred to the next process in the queue. This cycle
iterates until all processes have been executed or until a higher-priority process emerges.
ROUND ROBIN SCHEDULING IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS
 The implementation of Round Robin Scheduling entails the maintenance of a ready
queue, a timer mechanism to track time slices, and a scheduler responsible for process
selection. Upon a process's arrival, it is appended to the ready queue. The scheduler then
elects the foremost process in the queue and allocates CPU time to it for the duration of its
time quantum. Subsequently, if the process concludes execution within the stipulated time
slice, it is purged from the queue. Conversely, if the process overshoots its time quantum, it
is preempted, reinserted at the queue's rear, and the subsequent process is selected for
execution.

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF ROUND ROBIN

SCHEDULLING
Round Robin Scheduling proffers several advantages, foremost among them being
fairness, simplicity, and responsiveness. It engenders an equitable distribution of CPU time
among processes, mitigating the risk of process starvation and fostering a balanced system.
Nonetheless, Round Robin Scheduling is beset by certain drawbacks, including elevated
overhead due to frequent context switches and inefficacy in handling protracted processes.

VARIANTS AND EXTENSIONS OF ROUND ROBIN SCHEDULING

Numerous variants and extensions of Round Robin Scheduling have been postulated
to ameliorate its deficiencies and tailor it to specific requisites. These variants encompass
Weighted Round Robin Scheduling, Dynamic Round Robin Scheduling, and Multilevel
Feedback Queue Scheduling, among others. Each variant modifies the basic Round Robin
algorithm to optimize performance under distinct scenarios.

REAL WORLD APPLICATIONS OF ROUNFD ROBIN

SCHEDULLING
Round Robin Scheduling finds ubiquitous application across an array of real-world
systems, spanning operating systems, network routers, and web servers. In operating
systems, Round Robin Scheduling is instrumental in equitably allocating CPU time among
user processes, ensuring fairness and responsiveness. In network routers, Round Robin
Scheduling is leveraged to schedule packet transmission, thereby forestalling congestion and
fostering efficient bandwidth utilization. Similarly, web servers employ Round Robin
Scheduling to distribute client requests among multiple server processes, thereby equalizing
the load and maximizing throughput.

CONCLUSION
 Round Robin Scheduling constitutes a foundational process scheduling algorithm that
holds considerable sway in modern operating systems and allied computing frameworks. Its
simplicity, fairness, and adaptability render it a favored choice for CPU time allocation
among competing processes. By comprehending the underpinnings and implementation
nuances of Round Robin Scheduling, system architects can make informed decisions
pertaining to process scheduling, thereby optimizing system performance. Despite its
limitations, Round Robin Scheduling remains a potent tool for managing system resources
and ensuring operational efficiency.

REFERENCESS
This report elucidates Round Robin Scheduling comprehensively, traversing its
principles, implementation, advantages, disadvantages, variants, and real-world applications.
Through theoretical elucidation and practical exemplification, the report endeavors to enrich
understanding of Round Robin Scheduling and its significance in contemporary computing
paradigms.