Professional Documents
Culture Documents
GSR 2024
GSR 2024
GSR 2024
Global
Skills
Report
Trusted skill insights for
a rapidly changing world
01 02 03 04
Foreword
I’m delighted to present the sixth annual The report captures several significant trends While skill rankings are crucial, they are not
Global Skills Report, which has become a trusted driven by GenAI, digital transformation, and the sole indicators of advancement. There are
resource for leaders and institutions worldwide automation. Notably, in 2023, a learner signed several countries that have witnessed a surge
as they navigate the rapidly changing skills up for a GenAI course on Coursera every in new learners coming online for the first time,
landscape. The report draws on data and insights minute; by 2024, this rate had quadrupled. An including those with basic skills. It may reduce
from our global learning community—including astounding 1,060% year-over-year increase their ranking in the short term, but it signals
over 148 million learners and 7,000 institutional in global GenAI course enrollments highlights major strides towards a digitized workforce.
customers—and content from 325 of the world’s how learners are actively preparing for AI’s Institution-led initiatives are expected to boost
leading university and industry partners. impact on their careers. Improved technical the nations’ skills rankings as more individuals
skill rankings in regions like Latin America and gain access to essential skills.
The rise of generative AI (GenAI) underscores the Caribbean reinforce the global appetite
the pressing need for new and innovative We trust this report will provide actionable
for acquiring digital skills as a way to achieve
strategies to build a competitive workforce. Jobs insights for leaders, inspire collaboration
greater economic mobility.
and industries stand on the cusp of profound among institutions, and contribute to a
transformation, with two-thirds of jobs exposed Several factors may influence a country’s skill future where access to high-quality
to some degree of automation1 and GenAI poised ranking. To provide a holistic view, this edition learning empowers everyone.
to deliver $4.4 trillion in productivity gains to of the report introduces an evolved skills
Jeff Maggioncalda
the global economy.2 In response, businesses, ranking methodology that combines our skill
CEO, Coursera
governments, and higher education institutions proficiency data with leading economic indices
must coordinate their efforts to equip people on global innovation, 3 labor force participation,4
with critical skills. human capital, 5 and GDP per capita.6
Table of contents
Executive summary
1 AI literacy emerges as a
global imperative
Turn insight into action
Businesses
2 AI readiness initiatives
drive emerging skill
the stage for AI training and adoption. India’s
$1.2 billion investment in AI projects,8 Malaysia’s
National AI Studies Centre,9 and Thailand’s AI
Understand regional AI skill readiness to build an
The 2022 launch of ChatGPT ignited a global race AI-proficient global team. adoption across regions infrastructure development program are just a
few examples.10
toward AI literacy. GenAI course enrollments
Governments The steep increase in GenAI course enrollments
surged by 1,060% globally over the past year See a list of national initiatives in the appendix
Align AI training programs with regional skill isn’t just a reflection of learner interest. It
as learners sought foundational AI skills and
needs to build an AI-ready workforce. demonstrates the efforts of businesses,
enrolled in courses like “Prompt Engineering
governments, and higher education institutions Turn insight into action
for ChatGPT” by Vanderbilt University and
Higher education institutions to prepare AI-ready economies. Across the globe,
“Introduction to Generative AI” by Google Cloud. Businesses
Tailor curricula to regional AI skill gaps to prepare various AI initiatives are laying the foundation for
students for the future of work. skill development and innovation. Prioritize AI training to equip employees with
Learners in regions like Latin America and the
mission-critical skills to drive innovation
Caribbean are focusing more on foundational
Learners In North America, 72% of US CEOs say generative and productivity.
skills, while learners in North America are diving
Build AI skills applicable to your current or AI is a top investment priority, driving the rapid
into more advanced courses like “Generative AI Governments
desired career path. growth of the AI talent pool and increasing
with Large Language Models” by Amazon Web Invest in regional and national AI infrastructure,
investments in employee AI training.7
Services and DeepLearning.AI. This suggests research, and workforce development.
that while regions are at different stages of AI Regions like Asia Pacific (1,270% YoY) and Sub-
adoption, there’s a universal recognition of the Saharan Africa (1,500% YoY) are also witnessing Higher education institutions
need to develop AI proficiency. significant growth in GenAI course enrollments. Upskill faculty and staff in AI to enhance
Targeted government initiatives in countries productivity and leverage AI tools like
such as India, Malaysia, and Thailand are setting Course Builder to create content.
Learners
Access AI training from universities, employers,
and/or workforce agencies to boost productivity
For instance, learners in Peru are more likely to
focus on skills like culture and resilience, while
those in Canada gravitate to storytelling and
4 Cybersecurity skills
remain crucial amid
enrollments, which could stem from increased
government focus, like the creation of the
Council of Ministers for Cybersecurity.17
and stay competitive. social media. While these skills are valuable, they talent shortages and
do not align with the pressing need for advanced
evolving threats Turn insight into action
3 The
digital skills in domains like machine learning,
digital skills gap data science, and programming languages. These Businesses
Cybersecurity plays a crucial role in building
persists in a rapidly are among the fastest-growing skills globally.13
resilient digital infrastructure, especially with
Equip your team with cybersecurity skills to
manage cyber risks and develop talent to fill
evolving job market the challenges posed by emerging technologies
skill gaps.
Turn insight into action like GenAI. Despite this, enrollment growth in
More than 9 in 10 jobs now require at least cybersecurity skills falls behind high-growth Governments
Businesses
some level of digital proficiency,11 such as using areas like cloud computing and data science. Foster public-private partnerships to
Invest in upskilling employees in mission-
a computer to email and create documents. boost cybersecurity awareness, fund
critical digital skills to keep pace with digital Worldwide, the gap between the number of
Despite this need, there’s still a big difference skill development, and collaborate on
transformation in your industry. needed and available skilled cybersecurity
between what employers expect in terms of threat management.
professionals rose by 12.6% year-over-year.14 This
digital skills and what many workers actually Governments
trend points to an urgent need for cybersecurity Higher education institutions
know and can do. Use labor market data to design local and
skill development, especially given the increasing Integrate cutting-edge cybersecurity content
national training programs that emphasize the
Seventy percent of European businesses view frequency and sophistication of cyberattacks into curricula to prepare students for in-demand
most in-demand digital skills.
the lack of digital skills as a major obstacle to and the growing talent shortage.15 cybersecurity careers.
investment, with 40% of adults lacking even basic Higher education institutions
While cybersecurity enrollments have remained Learners
digital skills.12 This challenge is not unique to the Integrate digital skills into curricula to ensure
relatively stable in some regions, there are Build and strengthen cybersecurity skills to
region. We found that learners in many regions learners are well-prepared for jobs.
notable variations. In Europe, cybersecurity prepare for an in-demand job or advance your
are prioritizing human skills over the digital skills
Learners enrollments declined by 5% year-over-year, existing career.
that are in high demand.
Build in-demand digital skills that are valuable to despite the region being heavily impacted by
your field and desired career path. cyberattacks.16 Meanwhile, the Middle East and
North Africa saw a 17% increase in cybersecurity
5 Micro-credentials are
a rapid pathway for
saw a 41% growth, with learners focusing on
similar skills.
Learners
Pursue micro-credentials to gain practical skills
for in-demand digital roles.
NiñaSTEM Pueden—a joint initiative by the
Organization for Economic Co-operation and
Development (OECD) and the Government
Sub-Saharan Africa saw the smallest growth
learners to prepare for (12%), indicating a need for increased access
of Mexico22 to increase careers for women in
6
STEM—and Colombia’s efforts to close the digital
in-demand jobs to learning resources and support to overcome The global gender gap in gender gap.
barriers—such as underdeveloped digital
Learners are increasingly turning to industry infrastructure, lack of accessible and affordable
online learning continues The Middle East and North Africa has the largest
micro-credentials, including Professional connectivity, and inadequate regulatory and to narrow, but regional disparity, with a 13-percentage-point difference
Certificates, to gain digital skills for jobs. With policy environments. between women learners and women in the
60% of workers requiring retraining by 2027, the disparities persist general population. In Saudi Arabia, women
need for accessible learning pathways is more represent just 32% of learners yet make up
Turn insight into action More women globally have been learning
pressing than ever.18 42% of the general population. Technological,
on Coursera, up from 43% in 2022 to 46% in
Businesses 2023. In North America and Europe, women economic, and educational barriers are limiting
Coursera learners are enrolling in job-relevant
Adapt hiring practices to recognize micro- experience strong barriers to equitable women’s access to education.23
Professional Certificates to prepare for in-
credentials and prioritize developing skills education and careers—yet, with a gender gap
demand roles, such as data analysts, project Sub-Saharan Africa has a 14-percentage-
in-house for data analytics, cybersecurity, and of five percentage points, far fewer than almost
managers, and IT professionals. The most point gap, with Botswana being a bright spot,
project management. anywhere else.20 In the European Union, for
popular Professional Certificates align closely achieving gender parity in online learning. The
with the top target roles learners are pursuing, example, more women aged 16–44 have basic
Governments gap could be due to socioeconomic challenges,
which also have the highest number of digital skills than men, 21 despite only 18% of
Invest in micro-credential programs to keep your cultural norms, poor internet access, and the
job openings.19 information and communication technology
workforce competitive, and focus on increasing general unaffordability of data and devices.24
(ICT) specialists being women.
access to learning in regions with slower growth. Botswana’s success is likely a result of
There was a 61% year-over-year growth in
Mexico and Colombia have achieved gender progressive initiatives, such as SmartBots and
Professional Certificate enrollments in North Higher education institutions
parity in online learning, with women making GIGA, which connect schools to high-speed
America, with learners gravitating toward Recognize or integrate micro-credentials for
up 51% and 50% of learners, respectively. internet to strengthen access to online learning.25
data analytics, cybersecurity, and project credit within your curriculum to help meet
management. The Middle East and North Africa This is supported by programs like Mexico’s
evolving student and market needs.
The Asia Pacific region has a seven-percentage- salaries, economic opportunities, and However, this does not diminish the value of Governments
point gap in gender parity. The Philippines job flexibility. foundational skills, which are equally important Apply these insights to your policy-making and
and Thailand have achieved parity, likely due for a well-rounded skill set. In regions like invest in initiatives that strengthen foundational
Learners capabilities and support emerging skill
to effective educational reforms and STEM Sub-Saharan Africa and other parts of Asia
Use online learning resources and support development, recognizing that both impact
initiatives for girls and young women.26 Thailand’s Pacific, learners are building foundational
from institutions to build skills and advance economic growth and competitiveness.
Girls in ICT program builds awareness about the business and digital capabilities, such as risk
their careers.
digital divide, supports technology education management, supply chain systems, business
Higher education institutions
and skills training, and encourages women to communication, auditing, spreadsheet software,
7 Different
Use these trends to guide curriculum and
pursue careers in STEM.27 India is working toward and general accounting. These skills form the
closing its 12-percentage-point gap, despite
regions bedrock of many industries and are crucial for
program enhancements. Offer courses that
The Global Skills Report Domains are the broadest skill categories and Skills taxonomy example
include business, technology, and data science.
presents a comprehensive These are the only three domains featured in the Domain Competency Skills
view of skill and credential report. Respective competencies and skills fall
under one of these domains.
trends at a country, Business Accounting Auditing
Competencies are more granular skills tied to a
regional, and global level respective domain. For instance, “accounting”
by drawing on insights from or “communication” are competencies in the Communication Writing
“business” domain.
over 148M learners.
Skills are the most granular skills that are Technology Cloud computing Software as a service
Coursera’s skills taxonomy covered in this report and ladder directly up
to competencies.
Skills in Coursera’s taxonomy fall into three Data science Statistical programming Python
cascading levels: from broad to granular, they
include “domains,” “competencies,” and “skills.”
We use “skills” to describe all three categories
in the foreword and executive summary. And in
the regional and country spotlights, we use “top
skills” to refer to the third level illustrated here. Explore the methodology for the complete list
of skills featured in this report
How to read skill rankings This formula aims to provide a more representative picture of skill Top skills and target roles use an over-indexing methodology
proficiency across countries. We invite our readers to interpret to capture what learners in a specific country or region are
The global and regional skill rankings represent how learners
these findings thoughtfully and consider them as a starting point for disproportionately enrolling in compared to learners globally.
across countries perform in the business, technology, and data
further exploration and action.
science domains. To provide a more comprehensive picture of Most popular content highlights the most enrolled-in courses,
skill proficiency in a country, this year’s skill ranking methodology A country’s overall rank (1–109) represents the aggregate Guided Projects, and Professional Certificates in the past year.
combines both learner skill proficiency on Coursera and third-party performance of a country across all domains, and the individual
indicators illustrated below. domain performance is represented as a percentile (0–100%). See How to interpret recommended content by country
the table below for an example.
This year’s country spotlights also introduce recommended content
that aligns to a country’s top skills and top target roles. These
Country skill ranking formula Regional Global Country Business Technology Data are customized recommendations vetted by Coursera’s curation
rank rank science
50% Country’s aggregated skills measurement experts. Consider them a starting point for identifying which
on Coursera 1 2 Japan 96% 99% 99% content you may want to include in a learning program.
• Learners’ on-platform skill proficiency scores 2 12 Singapore 91% 91% 87%
3 13 Hong Kong 88% 83% 91%
+ Recommended content for top skills and roles
50% Country’s aggregated skills measurement
How to read enrollment trends Professional Certificate
index using third party metrics Prompt Engineering
IT Support
for ChatGPT
• Global Innovation Index (GII)29—skill The report also features enrollment trends on the Coursera
Professional Certificate
application to innovation platform that capture which competencies, skills, or top target Financial Markets UX Design
roles learners are engaging with over time. Enrollment trends
• Labor force participation30—skill matching
are presented at global, regional, and country levels and are
in labor market
presented in three ways:
• Human capital index31 (HCI) and GDP per
capita32—output metrics of skill application Year-over-year (YoY) enrollment growth measures For more details, explore the robust methodology
in economy cybersecurity, GenAI, and Professional Certificate enrollment used in this year’s report
growth year-over-year. Timeframes for YoY enrollment may vary.
Global
Skill Trends
Amanda Brophy
Director, Grow with Google
10
01 02 03 04
Global overview
Global averages
These figures reflect the
averaged data for the 109
countries covered in this report.
148M+ 33 1,060%
Coursera Median age GenAI course
learners enrollment growth
Where they are Where they are Where they are Where they are
Europe, parts of Asia Pacific, and Primarily Europe, Latin America, and parts North America and parts of Asia Primarily Asia Pacific, the Middle East
Latin America of Asia Pacific, though also countries like Pacific, Europe, and the Middle East and North Africa, and Sub-Saharan Africa
Turkey and United Arab Emirates and North Africa
Global skills rankings are calculated using a 50/50 blend of Coursera skill proficiency
and third-party data.
Global skill proficiency rankings across business, technology, and data science for 109
countries, based on the performance of learners on Coursera and key economic indices.
that are actively training the highest percentage Global All 0.73%
of their labor force on Coursera and investing 1 Asia Pacific Uzbekistan 6.25%
in their populations to provide the skills 2 Asia Pacific Singapore 3.83%
employers need. 3 Middle East and North Africa United Arab Emirates 2.07%
The table on this page ranks the top 20 countries 4 North America Canada 2.03%
globally based on the percentage of their 5 Asia Pacific Hong Kong 2.02%
labor force active on Coursera. By investing in 6 North America United States 1.66%
accessible, job-relevant learning, these digital 7 Europe Luxembourg 1.51%
champions are not only driving economic 8 Middle East and North Africa Lebanon 1.47%
growth and competitiveness, but also creating 9 Latin America and the Caribbean Uruguay 1.42%
opportunities for individuals to adapt and
10 Europe Ireland 1.41%
succeed in the face of change.
11 Latin America and the Caribbean Trinidad and Tobago 1.21%
12 Europe Switzerland 1.13%
13 Asia Pacific Cyprus 1.12%
14 Europe Estonia 1.11%
15 Europe Netherlands 1.09%
16 Europe Latvia 1.07%
17 Middle East and North Africa Saudi Arabia 1.07%
18 Asia Pacific Kazakhstan 1.06%
Active learners are those who have started
19 Europe United Kingdom 1.06%
at least one course item on Coursera within
20 Latin America and the Caribbean Colombia 1.02%
the past year.
Regional
Skill Trends
Elisa Graceffo
General Manager of Technical Content,
Worldwide Learning at Microsoft
15
01 02 03 04
Asia Pacific
45% 31 31%
Learning Median Women
on mobile age learners in STEM
See page 19 for country skill rankings in Cutting-edge Rankings 1–28 Emerging Rankings 56–82
Asia Pacific
on Coursera. 33 Despite this momentum, the region 3. Data Visualization 3. Computer Systems
Foundations: Data, Data, Everywhere
faces the challenge of digitally skilling 5.7 billion Software Engineer
people by 2025. 34 4. Applied Machine Learning 4. Database Administrator
Small Business Marketing Using YouTube
5. Machine Learning 5. Engineering Manager
Some countries, like Bangladesh, Myanmar, and
Algorithms 6. Business Analyst
the Philippines, have noticeable gaps in tech and Foundations of Cybersecurity
6. Regression 7. Network Engineer
data science skills. Coursera collaborates with
7. Software Architecture 8. Data Engineer
local institutions to create tailored programs that Foundations of Project Management
8. Artificial Neural Networks 9. SEO Specialist
address these gaps.
9. Network Architecture 10. Market Research Analyst
Introduction to Microsoft Excel
For instance, IMS Ghaziabad incorporated micro- 10. Data Analysis Software
credentials into their curricula well before the Foundations of Digital
Marketing and E-commerce
National Education Policy (NEP 2020) emphasized
skill development. Differentiated learning Financial Markets
experiences that strengthen academic excellence
will be critical to preparing more students for a Supervised Machine Learning:
Regression and Classification
rapidly changing workforce.
AI for Everyone
Industry micro-credentials, such as Professional
Certificates, offer pathways for businesses, Methodology snapshot
governments, and educational institutions to equip To identify top skills and target roles, we use an over-indexing
the workforce with essential tech skills. methodology. Over-indexing means that learners in a specific
country or region are disproportionately enrolling in a given skill
compared to learners globally.
Asia Pacific
for ChatGPT
Professional Certificate
Introduction to Generative AI Crash Course on Python Cybersecurity
Professional Certificate
Generative AI with Large Programming for Everybody Project
Language Models (Getting Started with Python) Management
Dr. Fr. Sebastian George, S J Professional Certificate
Digital
Director at XLRI, Delhi-NCR Generative AI for Everyone Algorithms, Part 1
Marketing & E-commerce
Professional Certificate
Introduction to Large Analyze Data to
UX Design
Language Models Answer Questions
CampusTalks with XLRI:
Learning beyond curriculum
Asia Pacific
Regional Global Country Business Technology Data Regional Global Country Business Technology Data
rank rank science rank rank science
India 98
Business
74
Tech
77
Data science
1.
2.
HTML and CSS
Applied Machine Learning
1.
2.
Web Developer
Network Engineer
3. Python Programming 3. Cloud Security Engineer
4. Regression 4. Software Developer
24.6M 87 30 Enrollment trends
GenAI
5. Machine Learning Algorithms 5. Machine Learning Engineer
Coursera Global Median 6. BlockChain 6. Securities &
learners rank age
1,648% YoY enrollments 7. Distributed Computing Commodities Trader
focus on programming languages and applied machine Recommended content for top skills and roles
learning to prepare for technical roles, like web developer, Professional Certificates Introduction to HTML, CSS, Blockchain and
software developer, and machine learning engineer. static YoY enrollments & JavaScript Cryptography Overview
Indonesia 83
Business
35
Tech
21
Data science
1.
2.
Artificial Neural Networks
Applied Machine Learning
1.
2.
Cloud Security Engineer
Network Engineer
3. Computer Graphic Techniques 3. Operations Manager
4. BlockChain 4. Product Marketing Manager
1.8M 41 29 Enrollment trends
GenAI
5. Machine Learning Algorithms 5. Personal Financial Advisor
Coursera Global Median 6. Computer Vision 6. Contract Administrator
learners rank age
1,158% YoY enrollments 7. Deep Learning 7. IT Project Manager
Seluk Beluk
Indonesia’s 116% year-over-year increase in Jaringan Komputer
big data are projected to account for over 40% Recommended content for top skills and roles
of technology training programs in the next five Professional Certificates Foundations of
AI for Everyone
years, supporting Indonesia’s strategy to become a 116% YoY enrollments Machine Learning
Malaysia 77
Business
79
Tech
74
Data science
1.
2.
Spreadsheet Software
SQL
1.
2.
General Manager
IT Director
3. FinTech 3. Business Analyst
4. Supply Chain Systems 4. Operations and
782K 79 32 Enrollment trends
GenAI
5. Market Research Maintenance Specialist
Coursera Global Median 6. Business Communication 5. Personal Financial Advisor
learners rank age
806% YoY enrollments 7. Investment Management 6. Operations Manager
The launch of the national AI Studies Centre Recommended content for top skills and roles
emphasizes tech education to prepare the Professional Certificates
Concepts in SQL Portfolio and Risk Management
workforce for AI and ML opportunities.38 Learners 97% YoY enrollments
focus on SQL, FinTech, blockchain, and business Applying Data Analytics
Python with Power BI
analytics in response to the growing demand for Top Professional Certificates in Finance
The Philippines 91
Business
103 101
Tech Data science
1.
2.
Audit
Spreadsheet Software
1.
2.
Personal Financial Advisor
Product Marketing Manager
3. Graphic Design 3. Operations Manager
4. Storytelling 4. General Manager
2.4M 101 31 Enrollment trends
GenAI
5. Social Media 5. IT Director
Coursera Global Median 6. General Accounting 6. IT Project Manager
learners rank age
642% YoY enrollments 7. Advertising 7. Project Manager
Prompt Engineering
In the Philippines, learners pursue skills in for ChatGPT
Singapore 11
Business
11
Tech
15
Data science
1.
2.
Epidemiology
FinTech
1.
2.
Software Developer
Machine Learning Engineer
3. Resilience 3. Bookkeeper
4. BlockChain 4. Securities & Commodities Trader
1.1M 12 34 Enrollment trends
GenAI
5. Investment Management 5. Auditor
Coursera Global Median 6. Bayesian Statistics 6. Network Engineer
learners rank age
815% YoY enrollments 7. Machine Learning Algorithms 7. Data Analyst
Introduction to Generative AI
Singapore’s focus on future-oriented skills,
like blockchain and machine learning, aligns Prompt Engineering
with its strategy to maintain its position as a for ChatGPT
global learning hub.40 The SkillsFuture credits Recommended content for top skills and roles
program reflects Singapore’s commitment to Professional Certificates Essential Epidemiologic Tools Neural Networks and
lifelong learning, ensuring the workforce remains 57% YoY enrollments for Public Health Practice Random Forests
Thailand 76
Business
85
Tech
67
Data science
1.
2.
Culture
SQL
1.
2.
Media Buyer
Social Media Marketer
3. Writing 3. Public Relations Manager
4. Business Communication 4. Communications Specialist
941K 81 32 Enrollment trends
GenAI
5. Brand Management 5. Personal Financial Advisor
Coursera Global Median
6. FinTech 6. Product Marketing Manager
learners rank age
1,073% YoY enrollments 7. Spreadsheet Software 7. Bookkeeper
Introduction to Generative AI
Thailand’s 311% year-over-year increase in
Professional Certificate enrollments highlights a Prompt Engineering
push toward digital fluency and tech innovation. for ChatGPT
Thai learners are diversifying their skills—from Recommended content for top skills and roles
SQL to business communication and FinTech—to Professional Certificates Cultural intelligence: Communication Strategies
meet the evolving global job market demands. 311% YoY enrollments Become a global citizen for a Virtual Age
Data Analytics SQL for Software Developers The Power of Team Culture
38% 35 34%
Learning Median Women
on mobile age learners in STEM
Europe
ambitious targets for the Digital Decade, which 3. Culture Commodities Trader
aims to accelerate progress in skills, government, 4. Epidemiology 3. Machine Learning Engineer Foundations of Project Management
infrastructure, and business.44 However, the Digital 5. Human Learning 4. Software Developer
Economy and Society Index (DESI) reveals that four 6. Machine 5. Personal Financial Advisor The Science of Well-Being
out of 10 adults and every third person who works Learning Algorithms 6. Operations Manager
Learning How to Learn: Powerful mental
in Europe lack basic digital skills, with over 70% of 7. Artificial Neural Networks 7. Network Engineer tools to help you master tough subjects
businesses citing this as an obstacle to investment.45 8. Applied Machine Learning 8. Financial Analyst
AI for Everyone
9. Regression 9. Budget Analyst
While countries like Switzerland, Germany, and
10. Bioinformatics 10. Web Developer
the Netherlands demonstrate cutting-edge Financial Markets
proficiency across business, technology, and data
science domains, others like Romania, Georgia, and Foundations of Cybersecurity
Azerbaijan have room for improvement, particularly
in technology skills. To address this, the European Supervised Machine Learning:
Regression and Classification
Commission aims to reach 80% of EU adults with at
least basic digital skills and 20 million ICT specialists— Foundations of User Experience (UX) Design
especially women—employed across the EU by 2030.46
Methodology snapshot English for Career Development
Coursera’s partnerships with institutions like the
To identify top skills and target roles, we use an over-indexing
University of Szeged, whose students have access
methodology. Over-indexing means that learners in a specific
to all Professional Certificates, demonstrate the
country or region are disproportionately enrolling in a given skill
collaborative effort needed to bridge the digital
compared to learners globally.
skills gap.
Europe
775% 5% 34%
Generative AI (GenAI) is YoY enrollment growth YoY enrollment growth YoY enrollment growth
transforming the skill
requirements for employees in Top courses Top courses Top Professional Certificates
Language Models
must possess the ability to work Professional Certificate
Prompt Engineering Project
collaboratively with AI systems, for ChatGPT
Crash Course on Python
Management
Julia Ewen-Hoffman
Head of Learning & Development,
Deutsche Telekom AG
Europe
Regional Global Country Business Technology Data Regional Global Country Business Technology Data
rank rank Science rank rank Science
France 4
Business
4
Tech
7
Data science
1.
2.
Resilience
Culture
1.
2.
Operations Manager
Bookkeeper
3. Collaboration 3. Securities & Commodities Trader
4. Emotional Intelligence 4. IT Project Manager
1.9M 5 35 Enrollment trends
GenAI
5. Conflict Management 5. Project Manager
Coursera Global Median 6. People Development 6. Personal Financial Advisor
learners rank age
783% YoY enrollments 7. Investment Management 7. Budget Analyst
Prompt Engineering
Learners in France demonstrate an aptitude for ChatGPT
Germany 9
Business
5
Tech
4
Data science
1.
2.
Artificial Neural Networks
Applied Machine Learning
1.
2.
Network Engineer
Web Developer
3. Machine Learning Algorithms 3. Software Developer
4. Regression 4. Machine Learning Engineer
2M 3 34 Enrollment trends
GenAI
5. Linear Algebra 5. Securities & Commodities Trader
Coursera Global Median
6. Python Programming 6. Cloud Security Engineer
learners rank age
662% YoY enrollments 7. Epidemiology 7. Bookkeeper
Spain 12
Business
7
Tech
8
Data science
1.
2.
Culture
Calculus
1.
2.
Communications Specialist
Budget Analyst
3. Adaptability 3. Public Relations Manager
4. C Programming Language Family 4. Advertising Manager
2.3M 7 38 Enrollment trends
GenAI
5. Bioinformatics 5. Bookkeeper
Coursera Global Median
6. Other Programming Languages 6. Machine Learning Engineer
learners rank age
962% YoY enrollments 7. People Analysis 7. Cloud Security Engineer
Turkey 35
Business
61
Tech
63
Data science
1.
2.
Supply Chain Systems
Market Research
1.
2.
Securities & Commodities Trader
Machine Learning Engineer
3. Human Learning 3. Public Relations Manager
4. Epidemiology 4. Budget Analyst
1.4M 57 32 Enrollment trends
GenAI
5. Experiment 5. Communications Specialist
Coursera Global Median 6. Writing 6. Software Developer
learners rank age
545% YoY enrollments 7. Brand Management 7. Bookkeeper
United Kingdom 52
Business
46
Tech
32
Data science
1.
2.
Epidemiology
Bioinformatics
1.
2.
Bookkeeper
Risk Analyst
3. Regression 3. Data Analyst
4. FinTech 4. Database Architect
3.8M 45 35 Enrollment trends
GenAI
5. Machine Learning Algorithms 5. Software Developer
Coursera Global Median 6. Python Programming 6. Financial Analyst
learners rank age
961% YoY enrollments 7. Investment Management 7. Product Manager
Prompt Engineering
Learners in the United Kingdom are over-indexing in for ChatGPT
Latin America
and the Caribbean
46% 34 46%
Learning Median Women
on mobile age learners in STEM
882% 1% 17%
Achievable knowledge available YoY enrollment growth YoY enrollment growth YoY enrollment growth
via platforms like Coursera is the
present and future of learning. Top courses Top courses Top Professional Certificates
Professional Certificate
Prompt Engineering for Foundations:
Data Analytics
ChatGPT Data, Data, Everywhere
Professional Certificate
Introducción a la programación Project
Introduction to Generative AI en Python I: Aprendiendo a Management
programar con Python
Professional Certificate
Hasari Teddy Andrade Generative AI with Large
Technical Support
Digital
Language Models Marketing & E-commerce
Coursera Learner, Puebla, Mexico Fundamentals
Professional Certificate
Generative AI for Everyone Programming for Everybody IT Support
(Getting Started with Python)
Professional Certificate
ChatGPT Advanced Data
UX Design
Analysis Foundations of Cybersecurity
Regional Global Country Business Technology Data Regional Global Country Business Technology Data
rank rank Science rank rank Science
Brazil 38
Business
17
Tech
17
Data science
1.
2.
Graphic Design
Collaboration
1.
2.
Advertising Manager
Cloud Security Engineer
3. Calculus 3. Communications Specialist
4. Other Programming Languages 4. Public Relations Manager
5.8M 19 35 Enrollment trends
GenAI
5. Organizational Development 5. Machine Learning Engineer
Coursera Global Median
6. Culture 6. Operations Manager
learners rank age
1,079% YoY enrollments 7. Adaptability 7. Engineering Manager
Prompt Engineering
Brazil ranks in the top 20 countries for overall for ChatGPT
and machine learning engineer show Brazil’s Laboratório de Programação Introduction to Computer
enthusiasm for developing a digital-ready Top Professional Certificates Orientada a Objetos - Parte 1 Vision and Image Processing
Chile 39
Business
29
Tech
19
Data science
1.
2.
Geovisualization
C Programming Language Family
1.
2.
Operations Manager
Public Relations Manager
3. Other Programming Languages 3. Advertising Manager
4. Calculus 4. Budget Analyst
1.6M 20 35 Enrollment trends
GenAI
5. Culture 5. Communications Specialist
Coursera Global Median
6. Negotiation 6. Product Marketing Manager
learners rank age
700 % YoY enrollments 7. Adaptability 7. Bookkeeper
Cultural intelligence:
C# Class Development
A 700% increase in GenAI course enrollments Top Professional Certificates Become a global citizen
reflects Chile’s AI leadership commitment. Chile Professional Certificate
Análisis
1.- El Cálculo - Modelo Lineal Agile Project Management
also achieves gender parity in online learning. de datos
Government initiatives supporting digital skill Professional Certificate Professional Certificate
Diseño de Habilidades humanas y de Social Media
development prepare the workforce for the experiencia del usuario (UX) negocios para negociar Marketing
IT sector’s projected $3.9 billion growth from Professional Certificate Professional Certificate
Gestión de Digital
HTML and CSS in depth
2022–2027.59 Proyectos Marketing & E-commerce
Colombia 55
Business
30
Tech
24
Data science
1.
2.
Culture
Negotiation
1.
2.
Communications Specialist
Public Relations Manager
3. Calculus 3. Budget Analyst
4. C Programming Language Family 4. Operations Manager
3.3M 29 33 Enrollment trends
GenAI
5. Other Programming Languages 5. Advertising Manager
Coursera Global Median
6. Geovisualization 6. Machine Learning Engineer
learners rank age
659% YoY enrollments 7. Adaptability 7. Bookkeeper
Mexico 51
Business
26
Tech
22
Data science
1.
2.
Negotiation
Calculus
1.
2.
Operations Manager
Public Relations Manager
3. Budget Management 3. Communications Specialist
4. Bioinformatics 4. Budget Analyst
6.7M 26 34 Enrollment trends
GenAI
5. Culture 5. Advertising Manager
Coursera Global Median
6. Adaptability 6. Bookkeeper
learners rank age
1,091% YoY enrollments 7. Emotional Intelligence 7. Machine Learning Engineer
Introduction to Generative AI
A 1,091% GenAI course enrollment increase
mirrors Mexico’s strong interest in AI and machine Generative AI with Large
learning, expected to see 35% growth in specialist Language Models
roles.62 Learners focus on culture, adaptability, Recommended content for top skills and roles
and emotional intelligence, aligning with top Professional Certificates Introducción al mundo de
1.- El Cálculo - Modelo Lineal
target roles like operations manager, PR manager, 29% YoY enrollments las negociaciones
Peru 29
Business
32
Tech
36
Data science
1.
2.
Culture
Resilience
1.
2.
Advertising Manager
Operations Manager
3. Other Programming Languages 3. Public Relations Manager
4. Negotiation 4. Communications Specialist
1.5M 23 32 Enrollment trends
GenAI
5. Social Media 5. Budget Analyst
Coursera Global Median 6. Emotional Intelligence 6. Product Marketing Manager
learners rank age
953% YoY enrollments 7. C Programming Language Family 7. Bookkeeper
Introduction to Generative AI
In Peru, learners pursue soft skills like resilience
and hard skills like programming to prepare for
Generative AI for Everyone
marketing, operations, and engineering roles. A
953% GenAI course enrollment increase indicates Recommended content for top skills and roles
strong AI interest, aligning with the government’s Professional Certificates Cultural intelligence:
Fundamentos del Management
plan to significantly increase digital capacities by 16% YoY enrollments Become a global citizen
9.4M 9% 35%
Coursera YoY enterprise Women
learners enrollments learners
55% 31 27%
Learning Median Women
on mobile age learners in STEM
See page 47 for country skill rankings in the Middle Cutting-edge Rankings 1–28 Emerging Rankings 56–82
East and North Africa Competitive Rankings 29–55 Lagging Rankings 83–109
the young, tech-savvy population, the region To identify top skills and target roles, we use an over-indexing Professional Certificate
Project Management
can build a skilled workforce to drive economic methodology. Over-indexing means that learners in a specific
growth and competitiveness in sectors like country or region are disproportionately enrolling in a given skill
manufacturing, logistics, and cybersecurity. compared to learners globally.
for ChatGPT
rapid technological advancements and Professional Certificate
Project
changing industries demand continuous Introduction to Generative AI Introduction to Data Analytics
Management
learning and adaptation, upskilling and Generative AI with Large Programming for Everybody
Cybersecurity
Professional Certificate
Egypt 73
Business
68
Tech
68
Data science
1.
2.
Audit
Storytelling
1.
2.
Operations Manager
Machine Learning Engineer
3. Advertising 3. Securities & Commodities Trader
4. Leadership Development 4. Public Relations Manager
2.9M 72 29 Enrollment trends
GenAI
5. Social Media 5. Communications Specialist
Coursera Global Median 6. Experiment 6. Social Media Marketer
learners rank age
585% YoY enrollments 7. Brand Management 7. Marketing Associate
64% accessing courses through smartphones Recommended content for top skills and roles
or tablets. This tech-savvy generation focuses Professional Certificates فن رواية قصة البيانات أساسيات الموازنة
on skills like advertising, deep learning, and 34 % YoY enrollments The Art of Data Storytelling التخطيطية الفعالة
Saudi Arabia 15
Business
67
Tech
79
Data science
1.
2.
Leadership Development
Supply Chain Systems
1.
2.
IT Project Manager
Project Manager
3. Resilience 3. Personal Financial Advisor
4. People Development 4. Bookkeeper
1.2M 60 35 Enrollment trends
GenAI
5. Graphic Design 5. Securities & Commodities Trader
Coursera Global Median 6. Change Management 6. Machine Learning Engineer
learners rank age
1,788% YoY enrollments 7. Conflict Management 7. Market Research Analyst
Prompt Engineering
Cybersecurity attacks cost organizations in for ChatGPT
Saudi Arabia and the UAE $6.53 million in 2023, Generative AI with Large
driving a surge in demand for cybersecurity Language Models
professionals.68 Coursera data shows a 65% Recommended content for top skills and roles
year-over-year increase in cybersecurity course Professional Certificates Fundamentals of
القيادة المتناقضة كأسلوب تفكير
enrollments. This aligns with Saudi Arabia’s 98% YoY enrollments Graphic Design
United Arab 2
Business
64
Tech
50
Data science
1.
2.
Resilience
Leadership Development
1.
2.
Operations Manager
IT Project Manager
North America
40% 36 38%
Learning Median Women
on mobile age learners in STEM
North America
programming aligns with the high demand for 4. General Accounting Intelligence Analyst
digital competencies in the job market, where 5. Epidemiology 4. Risk Analyst Foundations of Cybersecurity
92% of US job ads require digital proficiency.72 6. Spreadsheet Software 5. Technology Consultant
Foundations of Project Management
7. Bayesian Statistics 6. Financial
Governments and industry leaders invest
8. Python Programming Quantitative Analyst
in initiatives like the North American Technical Support Fundamentals
9. Change Management 7. Network Engineer
Semiconductor Conference (NASC) and the North
10. Project Management 8. Database Architect
American Ministerial Committee on Economic Foundations of Digital
9. Financial Analyst Marketing and E-commerce
Competitiveness (NAMCEC) to strengthen the
10. Cyber Analyst
region’s competitiveness in industries of the The Science of Well-Being
future, including semiconductors.73
AI for Everyone
Collaboration among government, industry,
and academia is key to creating quality jobs and Supervised Machine Learning:
providing talent for growth in the digital age. Regression and Classification
North America
1,040% 8% 61%
What I’m excited about is GenAI YoY enrollment growth YoY enrollment growth YoY enrollment growth
opens the door for all of our
employees to have access to tools Top courses Top courses Top Professional Certificates
for ChatGPT
Professional Certificate
Technical Support
Introduction to Generative AI Cybersecurity
Fundamentals
Professional Certificate
Generative AI with Large Play It Safe: Project
Language Models Manage Security Risks Management
Alison Klein Professional Certificate
Connect and Protect: Networks
Information Systems Talent Manager, Dow Generative AI for Everyone
and Network Security
IT Support
Professional Certificate
ChatGPT Advanced Programming for Everybody Digital
Data Analysis (Getting Started with Python) Marketing & E-commerce
How to Bridge the Generative AI Skills
Gap: Insights from Dow, Microsoft, and
Vanderbilt University
North America
Students want to know that their learning is linked The AI revolution is not on the horizon, it is already Building a thriving workforce in Missouri means equipping
to a career pathway. They want to acquire skills that here. Its impact will be as profound as the Industrial everyone with the skills needed to succeed. Delivering
prepare them for work immediately, and employers Revolution or the Digital Revolution. Your organization on our commitment to provide equitable access to skills
want the same thing. must embrace this transformation or risk being development, we have created unique courses like
left behind. The choice is clear: adapt or become Missouri Job Ready Day One and learning pathways
irrelevant. The time to act is now. tailored to both the needs of populations facing barriers
to employment and demands in the job market.
Canada 59
Business
56
Tech
46
Data science
1.
2.
Storytelling
Culture
1.
2.
Product Marketing Manager
Marketing Manager
3. Social Media 3. Marketing Specialist
4. Negotiation 4. E-commerce Analyst
4M 59 36 Enrollment trends
GenAI
5. Resilience 5. Media Buyer
Coursera Global Median
6. SQL 6. Personal Financial Advisor
learners rank age
914 % YoY enrollments 7. Epidemiology 7. Search Engine
e-commerce analyst, and social media marketer. 63% YoY enrollments Become a global citizen Spreadsheets and SQL
the skills gap, as 45% of Canadians lack the digital Professional Certificate
Natural Creativity
this crucial workforce.77 Management Marketing
United States 70
Business
71
Tech
55
Data science
1.
2.
Geovisualization
SQL
1.
2.
Personal Financial Advisor
Business Intelligence Analyst
3. Business Communication 3. Bookkeeper
4. General Accounting 4. Risk Analyst
27.7M 69 36 Enrollment trends
GenAI
5. Epidemiology 5. Technology Consultant
Coursera Global Median 6. Bayesian Statistics 6. Network Engineer
learners rank age
1,058% YoY enrollments 7. Spreadsheet Software 7. Financial Quantitative Analyst
disproportionately affected.78 As the public and private Python Scripting Financial Accounting
sectors digitize, the need for highly trained STEM workers Top Professional Certificates Fundamentals Fundamentals
Sub-Saharan Africa
65% 34 27%
Learning Median Women
on mobile age learners in STEM
Sub-Saharan Africa
Sub-Saharan Africa
1,500% 2% 12%
My advice to learners is to BE the change YoY enrollment growth YoY enrollment growth YoY enrollment growth
you want to see! Just empower yourself to
give power to others. Top courses Top courses Top Professional Certificates
Professional Certificate
Professional Certificate
Prompt Engineering Technical Support Project
for ChatGPT Fundamentals Management
Professional Certificate
Oluwakemi Sarah Adenekan Generative AI for Everyone Cybersecurity for Everyone Cybersecurity
Coursera Learner, Oyo State, Nigeria
Professional Certificate
Generative AI with Large Play It Safe: Digital
Language Models Manage Security Risks Marketing & E-commerce
Professional Certificate
ChatGPT Advanced Computer Science:
IT Support
Data Analysis Programming with a Purpose
Sub-Saharan Africa
Kennedy Wangari
Coursera Learner, Kenya
Botswana 31
Business
70
Tech
85
Data science
1.
2.
Investment Management
Leadership Development
1.
2.
Project Manager
IT Project Manager
3. Risk Management 3. Operations Manager
4. Audit 4. Contract Administrator
85K 66 33 Enrollment trends
GenAI
5. Resilience 5. Personal Financial Advisor
Coursera Global Median
6. General Accounting 6. Bookkeeper
learners rank age
1,433% YoY enrollments 7. Conflict Management 7. Systems Analyst
and operations manager. Despite unemployment Recommended content for top skills and roles
challenges, with 25% of the labor force and 33% of youth Professional Certificates Innovations in Investment Storytelling and influencing:
aged 20–39 unemployed,84 Botswana has made strides 35% YoY enrollments Technology: Artificial
Intelligence
Communicate with impact
Nigeria 82
Business
109 109
Tech Data science
1.
2.
SQL
Advertising
1.
2.
Product Marketing Manager
E-commerce Analyst
3. Spreadsheet Software 3. Personal Financial Advisor
4. Business Communication 4. Project Manager
2.4M 105 32 Enrollment trends
GenAI
5. Audit 5. IT Project Manager
Coursera Global Median
6. HTML and CSS 6. Social Media Marketer
learners rank age
1,817% YoY enrollments 7. Influencing 7. Cloud Security Engineer
Prompt Engineering
With 76% of learners accessing courses on mobile for ChatGPT
South Africa 99
Business
98
Tech
96
Data science
1.
2.
Risk Management
Supply Chain Systems
1.
2.
IT Project Manager
Project Manager
3. Brand Management 3. Operations Manager
4. Market Research 4. IT Director
1.3M 100 36 Enrollment trends
GenAI
5. Spreadsheet Software 5. Personal Financial Advisor
Coursera Global Median 6. Change Management 6. Business Analyst
learners rank age
1,156% YoY enrollments 7. Operations Management 7. General Manager
Appendix
Leon Katsnelson
Director & CTO,
IBM Skills Network at IBM
64
01 02 03 04
Glossary
Active learners: Individuals who have started at Cybersecurity skills: A collection of skills that Digital skills include everything from typing Generative AI (GenAI): A subset of artificial
least one course item within the past year. allows individuals to protect computer and posting on social media to developing intelligence (AI) that focuses on creating new
systems, networks, and data from software and managing cybersecurity. Digital content, such as text, images, audio, or video,
Artificial Intelligence (AI) skills: A set of skills that unauthorized access, attacks, or damage. skills exist on an ever-evolving spectrum. based on learned patterns and rules from
enables individuals to understand, develop, These skills include risk management, existing data. GenAI technologies include
and apply AI technologies. This report focuses Human skills constitute our ability to relate
network security, cryptography, and incident language models like GPT-4o and image
on both advanced and foundational skills to one another and include skills such as
response, among others. generators like DALL-E.
relevant to AI. creativity, critical thinking, information
Cybersecurity enrollments: The year-over-year interpretation, decision-making, leadership, GenAI enrollments: The YoY increase in the
Advanced skills: Data management, machine (YoY) increase in the number of learners and communication. number of learners enrolling in courses
learning, applied machine learning, artificial enrolling in courses related to cybersecurity related to generative AI technologies on
Note: These two categories are
neural networks, Bayesian networks, big on the Coursera platform. We compare the Coursera platform, calculated for a
complementary. People use human skills
data, computer vision, deep learning, feature cybersecurity enrollments in 2022 to specific country or region. We compare total
to effectively and ethically make use of
engineering, machine learning algorithms, cybersecurity enrollments in 2023. cumulative enrollments on June 13, 2023 with
digital skills. Likewise, digital skills
machine learning software, natural language total cumulative enrollments on May 13, 2024.
enhance human skills.
processing, and statistical machine learning. Digital and human skills: Two broad categories of
skills that are essential in today’s workforce. Industry micro-credential or micro-credential:
Enrollment trends: Patterns in learner
Foundational skills: Computer programming, Digital skills encompass abilities related to A short, focused, and flexible learning
enrollments on the Coursera platform, which
data analysis, mathematics, theoretical understanding, using, and creating value program that allows individuals to acquire
can reveal insights into the popularity and
computer science, applied mathematics, and with technology, while human skills refer to specific job-relevant skills or competencies.
relevance of specific skills, competencies, or
data modeling. cognitive, social, and emotional capabilities Micro-credentials, such as Coursera’s
courses in a given country or region.
that enable effective interpersonal Professional Certificates, prepare learners
interactions and decision-making.
for in-demand industry skills and can Over-indexing (“top skills”): A measure of the Recommended content for top skills and roles: worldwide, and regional skill rankings,
complement traditional degree programs for relative popularity of a specific skill among These sections highlight courses and learning comparing countries within specific regions.
higher education institutions, upskill teams learners in a particular country or region programs that align with the skills and career Skill proficiency is a key metric used in this
for businesses, or develop an entire workforce compared to the global learner population paths trending among learners in each report to benchmark countries and regions.
for governments. on Coursera. Over-indexing is not a measure country or region. Recommendations are
based on learner enrollment data, reflecting Skills: The transference of knowledge into value
of proficiency.
Leadership skills: A set of skills that enable the content that is most popular and relevant and the ability to perform specific tasks.
individuals to guide, motivate, and manage Professional Certificate(s): Coursera offers to the local learning community. Institutions To figure out what skills each Coursera
teams effectively. These skills include Professional Certificates, a type of micro- can leverage these insights to inform their content offering teaches, we use Coursera’s
adaptability, change management, emotional credential, from leading industry partners learning programs, ensuring they offer Skills Graph, which draws information from
intelligence, decision-making, and strategic that teach the specific skills needed for courses and curricula that match learner open-source taxonomies like Wikipedia
thinking, among others. entry-level roles in in-demand digital jobs. interests and market demands. and insights from Coursera educators and
Professional Certificates typically take 4–6 learners. A single course often covers several
Learner: An individual who is registered for Skill ranking: A measure of a learner’s mastery
months to complete and include hands-on different skills.
content on the Coursera platform. Learners of a specific skill, based on their performance
projects that simulate real-world tasks.
can be enrolled in multiple learning programs, in assessments and projects within relevant Top GenAI course(s): The GenAI course or courses
but are counted only once in the platform’s Professional Certificate enrollments: courses on the Coursera platform. This with the highest total enrollments within a
metrics. The skills benchmarking data in this This metric examines the YoY growth in year’s Global Skills Report introduces a new specific country or region, which is based on
report is based on learner data. total enrollments for a country or region. methodology that combines learners’ skill the overall number of learners enrolling in
Growth figures for regions take into proficiency scores on the Coursera platform the course. It helps identify the GenAI course
Most popular content: These sections consideration only the enrollment figures with third-party indicators, including the that is most in-demand among learners in a
highlight the courses, Guided Projects, and of the 109 countries included in this report. Global Innovation Index (GII), Labor Force particular area.
Professional Certificates with the highest We compare Professional Certificate Participation Rate, Human Capital Index (HCI),
enrollments in the past year among learners Top Professional Certificate(s):
enrollments in 2022 to Professional and GDP per capita. This approach provides a
in each region. Most popular content is The Professional Certificate or Certificates
Certificate enrollments in 2023. more comprehensive view of skill proficiency
based on the overall number of enrollments with the highest total enrollments within a
across countries. The report includes both
and provides insights into the content that specific country or region, which is based on
global skill rankings, comparing countries
attracts the most learners in a given area.
Methodology
Overview The Coursera Skills Graph For the Global Skills Report, we leverage the Skill to learner
following parts of the Skills Graph: Connects skills to learners who have
The Coursera Skills Graph maps the connections
Coursera’s Global Skills Report assesses the skill demonstrated them by passing relevant
among skills, content, careers, and learners on Skill to skill
proficiency of learners, measures which skills are graded items, measured using a variant of the
the Coursera platform. Describes the connections among skills and
trending globally, and identifies roles that engage Glicko algorithm.
highly with skills critical for the future of work. generates a skills taxonomy where broad,
Outcome of
This year’s report focuses on the 109 countries higher-level skills are parents of more granular, The full set of skills and competencies for which
Learner
with the most learners on the Coursera platform, lower-level skills. we measure learner proficiency, grouped by
accounting for over 95% of learners. domain (business, technology, and data science),
Skill to content
Goal of
are listed in the table provided on the next page.
is a p
The report’s methodology incorporates data ar Maps skills to the Coursera content that
en Required by teaches them.
from several components: t of
Skills Career
1. Accounting focuses on proper record keeping and Cloud Computing involves delivering computing resources—namely Data Management comprises everything related to managing and
communication of financial information for corporations in hardware, software, or software development platforms—via accessing data for reporting, analysis, and model building.
accordance with government regulations. the internet.
Sample skills: cloud APIs, Hadoop
Sample skills: auditing, financial accounting Sample skills: software as a service (SaaS), Kubernetes
2. Business Analysis is the discipline of recognizing business needs Computer Architecture is the set of rules and methods that specify the Data Visualization involves the creation and study of visual
and developing solutions to business problems. structure, organization, and implementation of computer systems. representations of data to communicate information clearly and
efficiently.
Sample skills: business intelligence, spreadsheet software Sample skills: network architecture, distributed
computing architecture Sample skills: Tableau, plotting data
3. Business Psychology applies the science of human psychology Computer Graphics is the creation and manipulation of visual data Machine Learning creates algorithms and statistical models that
to practical business applications in order to train and motivate through the use of computational tools and techniques. computer systems can use to perform a specific task without explicit
employees and teams to work more effectively. instructions.
Sample skills: graphic design, interactive design
Sample skills: marketing psychology, organization development Sample skills: multitask learning, deep learning
4. Communication is the practice of discussion between two or Computer Networking is the process of creating a digital Math is the study of numbers and their relationships, applying these
more individuals in written or oral forms. telecommunications network where connected devices exchange principles to models of real phenomena.
data with each other.
Sample skills: people skills, writing Sample skills: calculus, linear algebra
Sample skills: cloud computing, Internet of Things
5. Data Analysis is the process of inspecting, cleansing, Computer Programming is the process that professionals use to Statistical Programming is the set of programming languages and
transforming, and modeling data with the goal of discovering write code that instructs how a computer, application, or software tools used to create statistical models and algorithms.
useful information, informing conclusions, and supporting program performs.
decision-making. Sample skills: R, Python
Sample skills: JavaScript, Java
Sample skills: exploratory data analysis, spatial data analysis
6. Entrepreneurship is the process of designing, launching, and Databases are an organized collection of data, generally stored and Statistics deals with all aspects of data collection, organization,
running a new business. accessed electronically from a computer system. analysis, interpretation, and presentation.
Sample skills: adaptability, innovation Sample skills: relational database, key value database Sample skills: regression, A/B testing
7. Finance is focused on the efficient allocation of capital toward Design & Product is about how to create software products that N/A
investment opportunities under conditions of risk or uncertainty. effectively solve user problems or otherwise provide them value.
Sample skills: financial ratios, blockchain Sample skills: product management, user research
8. Human Resources refers to the corporate function of overseeing DevOps is focused on building software delivery pipelines, deploying N/A
the various aspects of employment, such as onboarding/ and monitoring services, and designing accelerated feedback loops
offboarding, labor law compliance, employee benefits, and talent to improve development speed.
acquisition.
Sample skills: continuous integration, storage security
Sample skills: benefits, employee relations
9. Management is about how to set a company’s strategy and Human Computer Interaction studies the design and use of N/A
coordinate the efforts of employees. interfaces between people and computing environments.
Sample skills: people management, business analytics Sample skills: user experience, interactive design
10. Marketing is the process of creating relationships with potential Mobile Development is the process of developing software N/A
and actual customers, allowing businesses to identify how they applications for mobile devices such as mobile phones or tablets.
should present themselves and who they should cater to.
Sample skills: Android development, iOS development
Sample skills: digital marketing, product placement
11. Research & Design is about problem framing and solution Operating Systems consists of building system software that N/A
modeling to inform business strategy. provides common services for other types of computer programs.
Sample skills: innovation, market research Sample skills: mobile app development, C programming language
12. Sales is focused on taking a company’s products and services to Security Engineering is a specialized field that focuses on the N/A
market and transacting with actual customers. security aspects in the design of systems that need to be able to deal
robustly with possible sources of disruption.
Sample skills: cross-selling, lead generation
Sample skills: cybersecurity, cryptography
13. Strategy & Operations consists of the planning and strategic Software Engineering involves applying rigorous principles to N/A
work organizations undertake to grow and prosper. the design, development, maintenance, testing, and evaluation of
computer software.
Sample skills: operations management, strategy
Sample skills: software architecture, software development
14. Supply Chain & Logistics is about the systems involved in the Theoretical Computer Science focuses on mathematical aspects of N/A
efficient flow of goods and services from suppliers to consumers. computer science and the theory behind algorithms, data structures,
computational complexity, and related topics.
Sample skills: supply chain systems, planning
Sample skills: algorithms, cryptography
15. N/A Web Development is the work involved in developing websites. It N/A
can range from developing a simple static page to complex web
applications such as e-commerce sites.
Relationships between skills Coursera skill benchmarking Individual skill scores We compare countries via percentile ranking of
and content the aggregate scores. To get a country’s overall
To benchmark skill proficiency at the country Using the set of assessments for each
Coursera skill proficiency, we rank the average
The skills in the Coursera Skills Taxonomy are level, we first measure each learner’s proficiency competency, we train machine learning models
of its business, technology, and data science
mapped to the content that teaches them using in each skill. Then, we aggregate those to simultaneously estimate learners’ skill
percentiles. State-level scores are computed
a machine learning model trained on a dataset proficiencies to compute statistics like the proficiencies and assessment difficulties. This
similarly and compared only to other states
of instructor and learner-labeled skill-to-content country skill proficiency in a particular skill. methodology allows us to measure learner skill
within the same country. The same 250-learner
mappings. The model considers features proficiencies while adjusting for item difficulty,
minimum applies to states.
like occurrence counts in lecture transcripts, ensuring fair comparisons across the wide range
assignments, and course descriptions, as well as of content on the platform. The full details of
Learner attempts
our methodology for individual skill scoring are Third-party data
learner feedback. Assessment quizzes
detailed in a public technical paper.91 In conjunction with the average Coursera skill
With over 10,000 content offerings across proficiency of each country, we incorporate other
Skill scoring
business, technology, and data science from Item difficulty
Country and state skill scores country-level indicators from the World Bank
leading university and industry partners and the World Intellectual Property Organization
With skill scores computed at the individual level
worldwide, our catalog spans the wide variety of (WIPO) to create a skills index for the country
and using connections between users, states,
skills relevant to the competencies in this report. rankings. This allows us to corroborate our
Learner
and countries, we calculate country and state
skill score on-platform scores with external metrics and
For each skill-content pair, this machine learning proficiency levels for each skill by averaging the
captures a more holistic view of learner skill
system outputs a score that captures the individual skill scores.
application in the economy.
likelihood of the skill being taught in the content.
Linkages
Skill score
For country aggregate scores in each domain, we
To define the set of skill-to-content tags that aggregation Learner country We incorporate the following metrics from the
average the country scores for the competencies
power this report, we tune a cutoff threshold World Bank:
within those domains, including only countries
based on expert feedback from our content
Country score with at least 250 learners in at least three • GDP per capita92
strategy team. benchmark
competencies per domain.
Assessments • Human Capital Index 93
Quizzes
• Labor force participation rate94
We incorporate the following metrics Combined skill index A country’s on-platform skill percentile and popular, over-indexing skills reveal what
from the World Intellectual Property third-party index are weighted equally to is disproportionately popular within a
Organization (WIPO): calculate the final country rankings overall and particular group.
Country skill ranking formula by domain. The percentile rankings are divided
• Global Innovation Index (GII)95 The methodology works as follows:
into four quartiles:
Endnotes
1. The Potentially Large Effects of 11. Closing the digital skill divide 20. The right to higher education in Europe 27. Bigger Bandwidth: Girls in ICT make
Artificial Intelligence on Economic (National Skills Coalition, 2023) and North America: briefing note way for digital equity in Thailand (UN
Growth (Goldman Sachs, 2023) compendium (UNESCO International Sustainable Development Group, 2021)
12. The Digital Economy and Society Index
Institute for Higher Education in Latin
2. The economic potential of generative AI: The (DESI) (European Commission, 2022) 28. India Social Development Report
America and the Caribbean, 2023)
next productivity frontier (McKinsey, 2023) 2023 (Oxford Academic, 2023)
13. The Future of Jobs Report (World
21. Digital skills in 2023: impact of education
3. Global Innovation Index (GII) Economic Forum, 2023) 29. Global Innovation Index (GII)
and age (European Union, 2024)
(WIPO, 2018–2023) (WIPO, 2018–2023)
14. ISC2 Cybersecurity Workforce
22. NiñaSTEM (OECD, 2023)
4. Labor force participation rate Study (ISC2, 2023) 30. Labor force participation rate
(World Bank, 2018–2023) 23. Saudi Arabian Students’ Beliefs about (World Bank, 2018–20233
15. Global Cybersecurity Outlook 2024
and Barriers to Online Education
5. Human Capital Index (HCI) (World Economic Forum, 2024) 31. Human Capital Index (HCI)
during the COVID-19 Pandemic
(World Bank, 2018–2023) (World Bank, 2018–2023)
16. IBM X-Force Threat Intelligence (National Library of Medicine, 2022)
6. GDP per capita (World Bank, 2018–2023) Index 2024 (IBM, 2024) 32. GDP per capita (World Bank, 2018–2023)
24. Preparing girls for the future of Africa:
7. KPMG 2023 U.S. CEO Outlook (KPMG, 2023) 17. Arab League forms cybersecurity 33. How Asia-Pacific CEOs can grow in
Approaches to empowerment through
ministerial council to combat growing the AI era amid economic challenges
8. India announces $1.2 bln investment digital skills (World Bank, 2023)
threats (Forbes Middle East, 2023) (EY CEO Outlook Survey, 2023)
in AI projects (Reuters, 2024) 25. Botswana makes strides in bridging
18. The Future of Jobs Report (World 34. Unlocking APAC’s digital potential:
9. Expanding AI education in Malaysia’s the digital divide (UNICEF, 2022)
Economic Forum, 2023) Changing digital skill needs and
public universities (OpenGov, 2023) 26. Philippine Commission on Women Education policy approaches (AWS, 2021)
19. Occupational Outlook Handbook (U.S.
10. Thailand national AI strategy and Initiatives (Republic of the Philippines, 2022)
Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2024)
action plan (AI Thailand, 2022)
35. India announces $1.2 bln investment 46. Towards 2023: the European year 57. Skills in Latin America (OECD, 2023) 68. Saudi Arabia sees surge in demand
in AI projects (Reuters, 2024) of skills (Publications Office of for cybersecurity experts amid global
58. Brazil’s future workforce trends (CSIS, 2018)
the European Union, 2022) threat (Al Arabiya News, 2024)
36. How can India prepare its youth for the 59. Chile - country commercial guide (U.S.
future of work? Here’s what’s needed 47. Cisco AI Readiness Index - 69. A study to identify the potential skill gaps in
Department of Commerce, 2023)
now (World Economic Forum, 2022) France (Cisco, 2023) the Saudi labor market requirements (Prince
60. Inteligencia Artificial, innovación Mohammad Bin Fahd University, 2023)
37. The Future of Jobs Report (World 48. Germany’s shortage of workers is biggest y datos, las apuestas para volver
Economic Forum, 2023) risk to growth, minister says (Reuters, 2024) 70. The Future of Jobs Report (World
a Colombia una PotencIA Digital
Economic Forum, 2023)
38. Expanding AI education in Malaysia’s 49. Advancing higher education with industry (Gobierno de Colombia, 2024)
public universities (OpenGov, 2023) micro-credentials (Coursera, 2022) 71. Majority of UAE workers see AI as key to
61. The Future of Jobs Report (World
future jobs (Fast Company Middle East, 2023)
39. Bridging the skills gap: Fuelling 50. Cisco AI Readiness Index - Spain (Cisco, 2023) Economic Forum, 2023)
careers and the economy in Malaysia 72. Closing the Digital Skill Divide
51. Unlocking Spain’s digital 62. The Future of Jobs Report (World
(Economist Impact, 2023) (National Skills Coalition, 2023)
potential (AWS, 2021) Economic Forum, 2023)
40. Singapore education and training 73. Joint statement on the launch of
52. How reskilling can play a key role in Turkey’s 63. Política Nacional de Transformación
services industry snapshot (U.S. the North American Semiconductor
recovery (World Economic Forum, 2021) Digital (Gobierno de Perú, 2023)
Department of Commerce, 2023) Conference and North American
53. The Future of Jobs Report (World 64. See how the Middle East is people- Ministerial Committee on Economic
41. 6 lessons from Singapore on upskilling for Economic Forum, 2023) powering the digital revolution Competitiveness (The White House, 2023)
the future (World Economic Forum, 2023) (World Economic Forum, 2023)
54. IT skills gap report 2023 74. University of Texas System and Coursera
42. Thailand National AI Strategy and (Forbes Advisor, 2023) 65. Majority of UAE workers see AI as key to Launch the Most Comprehensive Industry
Action Plan (AI Thailand, 2022) future jobs (Fast Company Middle East, 2023)
55. Inteligencia Artificial, innovación Micro-Credential Program Offered by a
43. AI Act (European Commission, 2024) y datos, las apuestas para volver 66. A study to identify the potential skill gaps in U.S. University System (Coursera, 2023)
44. 2023 report on the state of the Digital a Colombia una PotencIA Digital the Saudi labor market requirements (Prince 75. Nevada DETR and Coursera announce
Decade (European Commission, 2023) (Gobierno de Colombia, 2024) Mohammad Bin Fahd University, 2023) statewide program providing
45. Shaping Europe’s digital future: Digital skills 56. Making the most of technology for learning 67. The Future of Jobs Report (World free job training to thousands
and jobs (European Commission, 2023) and training in Latin America (OECD, 2020) Economic Forum, 2023) of people (Coursera, 2023)
76. Government of Canada creating 85. Botswana makes strides in bridging 94. Labor force participation rate 105. Política Nacional Para La Transformación
more skills training opportunities for the digital divide (UNICEF, 2022) (World Bank, 2018–2023) Digital e Inteligencia Artificial (Consejo
Canadians (Employment and Social Nacional de Política Económica y
86. Challenges and opportunities for a systems 95. Global Innovation Index (GII)
Development Canada, 2023) Social, Gobierno de Colombia, 2019)
approach to skills development in Botswana (WIPO, 2018–2023)
77. Ontario Invests in New and (International Youth Foundation, 2023) 106. Saudi Data & AI Authority (Government
96. Global Innovation Index (GII) (2018–2023)
Expanded Rapid Training Programs of Saudi Arabia, 2019)
87. Why do so many Nigerian workers 97. Labor force participation rate
(Government of Ontario, 2021) remain poor? Labor force surveys may 107. UAE National Strategy for Artificial
(World Bank, 2018–2023)
78. Closing the Digital Skill Divide have the answer (World Bank, 2024) Intelligence 2031 (Government of UAE, 2023)
98. Human Capital Index (HCI)
(National Skills Coalition, 2023) 88. FG inaugurates committee to tackle 108. Pan-Canadian Artificial Intelligence
(World Bank, 2018–2023)
79. Improving workforce development and STEM increasing youth unemployment In Nigeria Strategy (Innovation, Science and
99. GDP per capita (World Bank, 2018–2023)
education to preserve America’s innovation (Nigeria National Bureau of Statistics, 2022) Economic Development Canada, 2022)
edge (The Brookings Institution, 2023) 100. Understanding India’s New Data
89. Skills demand and supply in South 109. Blueprint for an AI Bill of Rights
Protection Law (Carnegie India, 2023)
80. Labor force, female (% of total Africa’s digital economy (International (White House Office of Science
labor force) - Sub-Saharan Africa Labour Organization, 2022) 101. Thailand national AI strategy and and Technology Policy, 2022)
(The World Bank Data 2023) action plan (AI Thailand, 2022)
90. Mapping of digital and ICT roles and 110. SSB No. 1103 - Public Act No. 23-16
81. Digital Skills in Sub-Saharan Africa: demand in South Africa (Harambee 102. Singapore’s Approach to AI Governance (Connecticut State Legislature, 2023)
Spotlight on Ghana (International Youth Employment Accelerator, 2020) (Personal Data Protection Commission, 111. SCR49 (Louisiana State Legislature, 2023)
Finance Corporation, 2019) Government of Singapore, 2023)
91. Using a Glicko-based Algorithm to Measure 112. HB0622 (Maryland State Legislature, 2023)
82. Share of web traffic in Africa as of July In-Course Learning (Educational Data 103. AI Act (European Commission, 2024)
113. HB1361 (North Dakota State
2023, by device (Statista, 2023) Mining Conference Proceedings, 2019) 104. Política Nacional de Inteligencia Legislature, 2023)
83. Preparing young Africans for jobs of the 92. GDP per capita (World Bank, 2018–2023) Artificial (Ministerio de Ciencia
114. HB 2060 (88R) (Texas State Legislature, 2024)
future (Africa Renewal Magazine, 2022) Tecnología Conocimiento e Innovación,
93. Human Capital Index (HCI)
Gobierno de Chile, 2021) 115. Africa’s push to regulate AI starts now
84. Challenges and opportunities for a systems (World Bank, 2018–2023)
(MIT Technology Review, 2024)
approach to skills development in Botswana
(International Youth Foundation, 2023)