Contents

ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES AND INSTRUMENTATION....................................................................................................................................................................3

COURSE OUTCOMES:............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 4
BIOPROCESS: PRINCIPLES CONTROL AND APPLICATION................................................................................................................................................................5
COURSE OUTCOMES:............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 6
GENETIC ENGINEERING................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 7
COURSE OUTCOMES:............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 8
PLANT AND ANIMAL BIOTECHNOLOGY......................................................................................................................................................................................... 9
COURSE OUTCOMES:........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10
PROTEIN ENGINEERING............................................................................................................................................................................................................... 11
COURSE OUTCOMES:........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 12
UNIT OPERATIONS....................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 13
COURSE OUTCOMES:........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 14
ENZYME SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING......................................................................................................................................................................................... 15
COURSE OUTCOMES:........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 16
BIOREACTOR DESIGN................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 17
COURSE OUTCOMES:........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 18
GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 19
COURSE OUTCOMES:........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 20
BIOLOGICAL MASS TRANSFER...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 20
COURSE OUTCOMES:........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 22
BASIC CONCEPTS OF BIOTECHNOLOGY....................................................................................................................................................................................... 23
COURSE OUTCOMES:........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 24
BIOCHEMISTRY............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 25
COURSE OUTCOMES:........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 26
BIOPROCESS: PRINCIPLES CONTROL AND APPLICATION..............................................................................................................................................................27
COURSE OUTCOMES:........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 28
CELL BIOLOGY.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 29
COURSE OUTCOMES:........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 30
COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY: TECHNIQUES AND APPLICATIONS..................................................................................................................................................31
COURSE OUTCOMES:........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 32
DOWNSTREAM PROCESSING....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 33
COURSE OUTCOMES:........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 34
IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOTECHNOLOGY.............................................................................................................................................................................. 35
COURSE OUTCOMES:........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 36
MICROBIOLOGY........................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 37
COURSE OUTCOMES:........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 38
ADVANCED MOLECULAR BIOLOGY: CONCEPTS AND TECHNIQUES.............................................................................................................................................39
COURSE OUTCOMES:........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 40
ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES AND INSTRUMENTATION

COURSE CODE COURSE TITLE L T P C

ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES AND INSTRUMENTATION 3 0 0 3

Course Category:
Program Core

a. Preamble: To study Various analytical techniques, and instrumentation involved in identifying the physical and chemical makeup or characteristics of a
particular sample.

b. Prerequisite Courses:

c. Related Courses:

d. Course Outcomes:
Upon the successful completion of the course, students will be able to:

CO Knowledge Level (Based on revised

Course Outcomes
Nos. Bloom’s Taxonomy)
To explain the principles of various spectrometric techniques
CO1

CO2 To comprehend the basic principles of general instrumentation and calibration

CO3 To distinguish between different types of microscope with their underlying principles, applications.

CO4 To choose separation techniques appropriately

 CO5 To demonstrate knowledge in radioisotope techniques and instrumentation.

e. Course Content:
COURSE OUTCOMES:

UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO SPECTROMETRY

Properties of electromagnetic radiation- wave properties – components of optical instruments – Sources of radiation – wavelength selectors – sample containers – radiation transducers-Signal
process and read outs – signal to noise ratio – sources of noise – Enhancement of signal to noise- types of optical instruments – Principle of Fourier Transform optical Measurements.

UNIT II MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY

Molecular absorption spectrometry – Measurement of Transmittance and Absorbance – Beer’s law – Instrumentation - Applications -Theory of fluorescence and Phosphorescence – Instrumenation
– Applications – Theory of Infrared absorption spectrometry – IR instrumentation – Applications – Theory of Raman spectroscopy – Instrumentation – applications.

UNIT III MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY AND MASS SPECTROMETRY

Theory of NMR – environmental effects on NMR spectra – chemical shift- NMR spectrometers - Molecular mass spectra – ion sources – Mass spectrometer. Applications of molecular mass -
Electron paramagnetic resonance- g values – instrumentation.

UNIT IV SEPARATION METHODS

General description of chromatography – Band broadening and optimization of
column performance- Liquid chromatography – Partition chromatography – Adsorption chromatography – Ion exchange chromatography -size exclusion chromatography- Affinity chromatography-
principles of GC and applications – HPLC- Capillary electrophoresis – Applications.

UNIT V ELECTRO ANALYSIS AND SURFACE MICROSCOPY

Electrochemical cells- Electrode potential cell potentials – potentiometry- reference electrode – ion selective and molecular selective electrodes – Instrument for potentiometric studies – Voltametry –
Cyclic and pulse voltametry- Applications of voltametry . Study of surfaces – Scanning probe microscopes – AFM and STM.
TEXT BOOKS
1. Skoog, D.A. F. James Holler, and Stanky, R.Crouch “Instrumental Methods of Analysis”..
CengageLearning , 2007.
2. Willard, Hobart, etal., “Instrumental Methods of Analysis”. 7th Edition, CBS, 1986.
3. Braun, Robert D. “ Introduction to Instrumental Analysis”. Pharma Book Syndicate,
1987.
4. Ewing,G.W. “Instrumental Methods of Chemical Analysis”, 5th Edition, McGraw-Hill,
1985
REFERENCES
1. Sharma, B.K. “Instrumental Methods of Chemical Analysis : Analytical Chemistry” Goel
Publishing House, 1972.
2. Haven, Mary C., etal., “Laboratory Instrumentation “. 4th Edition, John Wiley, 1995.
BIOPROCESS: PRINCIPLES CONTROL AND APPLICATION

COURSE CODE COURSE TITLE L T P C

BIOPROCESS: PRINCIPLES CONTROL AND APPLICATION 3 0 0 3

Course Category:
Program Core

e. Preamble: The course enables students to understand the research,development,manufacturing and commercialization of products products sourced
from living cells or their components (e.g,bacteria,enzymes,etc). The course also enables the students to understand processes that go into making useful
products such as food,fuel,biopharmaceuticals.

f. Prerequisite Courses:

g. Related Courses:

h. Course Outcomes:
Upon the successful completion of the course, students will be able to:

CO Knowledge Level (Based on revised

Course Outcomes
Nos. Bloom’s Taxonomy)
Will gain familiarity with the fermentation processes involved in the production of a wide variety of bioproducts
CO1

CO2 To design, formulate and sterilize the media for different inocula on large scale fermentation

CO3 To endow the students with the basics of stoichiometry of microbial reactions

CO4 Ability to select, design and to devise scale up strategy for bioreactors
 CO5 To describe and explain the kinetics of cellular processes for microbial growth, substrate consumption and product formation

e. Course Content:
COURSE OUTCOMES:
COURSE CONTENT
UNIT I Introduction
Introduction to bioprocess development; current scenario of fermentation industry, general requirements of fermentation processes, types of fermentation process: Batch, fed batch and continuous.
Construction of fermentor and ancillaries, main parameters to be monitored and controlled in fermentation processes; properties of fermented products.

UNIT II Media optimization and Sterilization Kinetics

Media formulation and optimization-one factor at a time method, Plackett Burman and Response surface methodology; design of various commercial media for industrial fermentations; Thermal death
kinetics of microorganisms, Sterilization: batch and continuous- air, heat and filter sterilization of liquid media.

UNIT III Stoichiometric analysis

Stoichiometry and kinetics of bioprocesses, Stoichiometry of microbial reactions, Stoichiometry- Mass-balance equations, elemental balance, degrees of reduction of substrate and biomass, available
electron balances, yield coefficients of biomass and product formation, maintenance coefficients energetic analysis of microbial growth and product formation, oxygen consumption and heat evolution in
aerobic cultures, thermodynamic efficiency of growth.

UNIT IV Bioreactor Strategies

Types of bioreactor - Modes of operation of bioreactor - Kinetics of cell growth in batch culture - Kinetics of cell growth in fed-batch culture - Kinetics of cell growth in continuous culture -Stability analysis
of bioreactor Scale up criteria for bioreactors (Constant power per Unit volume, Constant KLa, Constant mixing quality, Constant impeller tip speed, Constant momentum factor, Constant mixing rate
number, Similar drop size distribution)

UNIT V Kinetics of microbial Growth and Product Formation

Phases of cell growth in batch cultures; simple unstructured kinetic models for microbial growth - Monod model, growth of filamentous organisms, product formation kinetics - Leudeking-Piret models,
substrate and product inhibition on cell growth and product formation; homogeneous and heterogeneous reaction kinetics. Biomass estimation- Direct and Indirect methods.

TEXT BOOKS
1. Shuler, Michael L. and Fikret Kargi, “Bioprocess Engineering “, Prentice Hall, 1992.

2. Doran, Pauline “of Bioprocess Engineering Principles “. Elsevier, 1995

REFERENCES
1. Lydersen, Bjorn K. “Bioprocess Engineering Systems, Equipment and Facilities” John Wiley, 1994.
2. Bailey, James E. and David F. Ollis, “ Biochemical Engineering Fundamentals”, 2 nd Edition. McGraw Hill , 1986.
3. Peter F. Stanbury, Stephen J. Hall & A. Whitaker, Principles of Fermentation Technology, Science & Technology Books.
4. Harvey W. Blanch, Douglas S. Clark, Biochemical Engineering, Marcel Dekker, Inc.
GENETIC ENGINEERING

COURSE CODE COURSE TITLE L T P C

GENETIC ENGINEERING 3 0 0 3

Course Category:
Program Core

i. Preamble: The course is designed to familiarize the student with use of tools and techniques for the manipulation and analysis of genetic material. The
course also enables the students to work effectively within safety and regulatory parameters.

j. Prerequisite Courses:

k. Related Courses:

l. Course Outcomes:
Upon the successful completion of the course, students will be able to:

CO Knowledge Level (Based on revised

Course Outcomes
Nos. Bloom’s Taxonomy)
To attain a basic knowledge about the gene, their sequences and about various enzymes that helps to manipulate DNA
CO1

CO2 To illustrate creative use of modern tools and techniques for manipulation and analysis of genes

CO3 To expose students to application of recombinant DNA technology in biotechnological research

 Understand the transmission of a genetic material at molecular and cellular levels, and also methods of change of a genetic material
CO4 and construction of transgene organisms

To train students to work effectively within the safety parameters, regulations and guidelines in a bioscience laboratory or
CO5 biomanufacturing environment.

e. Course Content:

COURSE OUTCOMES:
COURSE CONTENT:
UNIT I Introduction to Genetic Engineering
Role of genes within cells, genetic code, genetic elements that controls gene expression Manipulation of DNA using enzymes- Restriction, Modifying enzymes, Design of linkers and adaptors, salient
features of vectors, types of vectors - plasmids, cosmids, phages and viruses. Bacterial and yeast hosts used in cloning and expression; PCR- introduction and optimization, gene specific and degenerate
primer design.

UNIT II DNA Fingerprinting and Sequencing Methods

Basic principles of fingerprinting. Variable Number of Tandem repeats (VNTRs) Mini satellite sequences, Short Tandom Repeats (STRs) Micro Satellite Sequences, Hybridization based DNA fingerprinting
(RFLP) PCR-based fingerprinting, Single locus and multilocus DNA fingerprinting. Applications of DNA fingerprinting. Maxam Gilbert’s and Sanger Coulson’s and automated methods of DNA
sequencing, Inverse PCR, Nested PCR, AFLP-PCR, Allele specific PCR, Assembly PCR, Asymmetric PCR, Hot start PCR, Colony PCR, single cell PCR, Real-time PCR/qPCR – SYBR green assay,
Taqman assay, Molecular beacons, Site directed mutagenesis.

UNIT III Cloning Methods

Cloning methods using restriction and modifying enzymes, cloning in expression vector, cloning of PCR products, Site directed mutagenesis. Construction of cDNA library, PCR based cDNA library,
Subtractive cDNA library, Normalized cDNA library, genomic DNA library, BAC library and YAC library. SDcreening the library by using probes, cloning of genes by PCR (gene specific and degenerate
primers)Restriction mapping – Direct mapping, indirect mapping, DNA foot printing, Chromosome Walking, Chromosome Jumping.

UNIT IV Exploitation Of Genetic Engineering.

Exploitation of genetic engineering- Expression and Purification of Recombinant Proteins in E.coli, Yeast, Animal cell lines, Transgenic plants and Transgenic animals, Metabolic Engineering. Gene
Silencing Techniques; Introduction to siRNA; siRNA technology; Micro RNA;Construction of siRNA vectors; Principle and application of gene silencing;Gene knockouts and Gene Therapy; Creation of
knockout mice. Genetic engineering -Hazards and impacts on society.

UNIT – V Biosafety and rDNA guidelines

Biosafety regulation and National and international guidelines, r-DNA guidelines, Experimental protocol approvals, levels of containment. Definition of GMO & LMO; Roles of Institutional Biosafety
committee, RCGM, GEAC etc for GMO applications in food and agriculture; Environmental release of GMOs- risk analysis and assessment.

TEXT BOOKS
1. Old RW, Primrose SB, “Principles Of Gene Manipulation, An Introduction To Genetic Engineering “, Blackwell Science Publications, 1993.

REFERENCES
1. Ansubel FM, Brent R, Kingston RE, Moore DD, “Current Protocols In Molecular Biology “Greene Publishing Associates, NY, 1988.
2. Berger Sl, Kimmer AR, “Methods In Enzymology”, Vol 152, Academic Press, 1987.
PLANT AND ANIMAL BIOTECHNOLOGY

COURSE CODE COURSE TITLE L T P C

PLANT AND ANIMAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 3 0 0 3

Course Category:
Program Core

m. Preamble: The course introduces the student to Plant Biotechnology in general and plant tissue culture in particular. Various techniques are introduced
to successfully maintain plant tissue cultures.

n. Prerequisite Courses:

o. Related Courses:

p. Course Outcomes:
Upon the successful completion of the course, students will be able to:

CO Knowledge Level (Based on revised

Course Outcomes
Nos. Bloom’s Taxonomy)
Will be able to optimize plant tissue culture media for particular purposes and understand more advanced techniques of plant
CO1 culturing

Understand about the science that underlies the development of genetically modified organisms and in particular how gene transfer
CO2 is brought about

CO3 Explain the general principles of generating transgenic plants and animals
 CO4 Successfully maintain cultures of animal cells and established cell lines with good viability and minimum contamination.

CO5

e. Course Content:
COURSE OUTCOMES:
COURSE CONTENT:
UNIT I Plant Tissue Culture
Introduction to plant tissue culture; General requirements for plant tissue culture Lab; Preparation of tissue culture media; Callus culture; Suspension culture; Cell culture; Batch culture; Continuous culture;
Protoplast culture; Hardening ; Somatic embryogenesis; Transfer and establishment of whole plants into greenhouse and field; Advantages of plant tissue culture.

UNIT II Gene Transfer Techniques

Transformation techniques- Direct gene transfers - Electroporation, particle gun method, Lipofection, Microinjection, Fibre mediated DNA delivery; Laser induced DNA delivery; Biological gene transfer-
Agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated gene delivery; Germplasm preservation and cryopreservation.

UNIT III Transgenic Plants

Genetic engineering of plants and applications; Development of Disease resistance Plants; Inset resistance plants; virus resistance plants; Stress and senescence tolerant plants; Herbicide resistance in plants;
Fungus and bacterium resistant plants; Modification of seed protein quality- Guidelines and safety regulations for transgenic plants.

UNIT IV Animal Cell Culture

Basic animal cell culture techniques; chemically defined medium and serum free media; types of cell lines; primary culture and establishment of cell line; characterization of cell lines; Maintenance and
preservation of animal cell lines; suspension cultures; Continuous –
Flow cultures; Immobilized cultures.

UNIT V Transgenic Animals

Transgenic mice- Methodology and applications, retroviral method, DNA microinjection method, Engineered embryonic stem cell method; Transgenic cattle-Cloning by nuclear transfer, yeast artificial
chromosome transgenesis; Transgenic pig; Embryo sex determination; Artificial insemination; Ethical issues related to transgenic animals.

TEXT BOOKS
1. Singh,B.D. (2008) Text book of Biotechnology, fourth Edition, Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi.
2. Ranga,M.M (2007).Animal Biotechnology, fourth Edition, Agrobios India limited, Jodhpur.

REFERENCES
1. Smith, H.R.(2006) Plant Tissue Culture, Fourth edition, Academic Press, California, USA.
2. Rama Dass,P.and Meera Rani S(2007) Text Book of Animal Biotechnology, Akshara Printers, New Delhi.
3. Masters, J.R.W.(2007) Animal Cell culture. Practical Approach, Oxford University Press, UK
PROTEIN ENGINEERING
COURSE CODE COURSE TITLE L T P C
PROTEIN ENGINEERING 3 0 0 3

Course Category:
Program Core

q. Preamble: The course is intended to enable the student to understand the principles governing the structure and function of proteins in cellular activity
in order to design and predict protein structures.

r. Prerequisite Courses:

s. Related Courses:

t. Course Outcomes:
Upon the successful completion of the course, students will be able to:

CO Knowledge Level (Based on revised

Course Outcomes
Nos. Bloom’s Taxonomy)
Chemical bonds and their influence in protein structure formation
CO1

CO2 Comprehensive knowledge of 3-D structure of proteins

CO3 Understanding of principles governing the structure and function of specific proteins in relation to cellular activity
 CO4

CO5

e. Course Content:
COURSE OUTCOMES:
COURSE CONTENT:

UNIT I Bonds, Energies, Building Blocks of Proteins

Covalent, Ionic, Hydrogen, Coordinate, hydrophobic and Vander walls interactions in protein structure. Interaction with electromagnetic radiation (radio, micro, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-ray) and
elucidation of protein structure. Amino acids and their molecular properties (size, solubility, charge, pKa), Chemical reactivity in relation to post-translational modification (involving amino, carboxyl,
hydroxyl, thiol, imidazole groups). Solid phase peptide synthesis. Protein separation techniques- 1-D and 2-D gel electrophoresis.

UNIT II Protein Architecture

Primary structure: peptide mapping, peptide sequencing - automated Edman method & mass- spec. High-throughput protein sequencing setup Secondary structure: Alpha, beta and loop structures and
methods to determine Super-secondary structure: Alpha-turn alpha, beta-turn- beta (hairpin), beta-sheets, alpha-beta-alpha, topology diagrams, up and down & TIM barrel structures nucleotide binding folds.
Tertiary structure: Domains, folding, denaturation and renaturation, Quaternary structure: Modular nature, formation of complexes.

UNIT III Structure-Function Relationship

DNA-binding proteins: prokaryotic transcription factors, Helix-turn-Helix motif in DNA binding, Trp repressor, Eukaryotic transcription factors, Zn fingers, helix-turn helix motifs in homeodomain, Leucine
zippers, Membrane proteins: General characteristics, Trans-membrane segments, prediction, bacteriorhodopsin and Photosynthetic reaction center, Immunoglobulins: IgG Light chain and heavy chain
architecture, abzymes and Enzymes: Serine proteases, understanding catalytic design by engineering trypsin, chymotrypsin and elastase, substrate-assisted catalysis other commercial applications.

UNIT IV

UNIT V Protein Engineering and Applications

Therapeutic Proteins - Introduction, Blood products, Haemophilia A and B, Anticoagulants, Thrombolytic agents, Additional blood-related products, Vaccine technology, Vaccines for AIDS, Therapeutic
Antibodies and Enzymes: Introduction, Antibodies for in vivo application, Therapeutic enzymes.
Hormones And Growth Factors - Introduction, Insulin, Glucagon, Gonadotrophins, Growth hormone, Erythropoietin, Other growth factors, Thyrotrophin, Corticotrophin, Prolactin, Peptide Regulatory
Factor, Interferons, Interleukins and Additional Regulatory Factors: Regulatory factors; cytokines versus hormones, Interferons, Interleukins, Tumour necrosis factors, Colony stimulating factors, Cytokine
toxicity.
Proteins Used For Analytical Purposes -Introduction, Enzymes as diagnostic/analytical reagents, Biosensors, Antibodies as analytical reagents.
Non-Catalytic Industrial Proteins - Introduction, Functional properties of proteins, Milk and milk proteins, Animal and microbial proteins, Sweet and taste modifying proteins.

TEXT BOOK

References
UNIT OPERATIONS

COURSE CODE COURSE TITLE L T P C

UNIT OPERATIONS 3 0 0 3

Course Category:
Program Core

u. Preamble: Understand the basic concepts and terminologies in unit operations, and learn fundamentals of chemical processes,material balance
calculations,heat transfer mechanisms towards recovery and purification of biological based products.

v. Prerequisite Courses:

w. Related Courses:

x. Course Outcomes:
Upon the successful completion of the course, students will be able to:

CO Knowledge Level (Based on revised

Course Outcomes
Nos. Bloom’s Taxonomy)
Understand the basic concepts and terminologies in unit operations
CO1

Derive energy balances for chemical processes and integrate with material balance calculations to solve for energy inputs and/or
CO2 outputs
 CO3 Acquires an overview of properties of fluids and laws of fluid mechanics

Understand the fundamentals of heat transfer mechanisms in fluids and solids and their applications in various heat transfer
CO4 equipment in process industries

CO5 Knowledge on applying various unit operations for product recovery and purification of various products

e. Course Content:

COURSE OUTCOMES:
COURSE CONTENT:

UNIT I Introduction
Introduction to chemical engineering, units and systems, fundamental and derived units, basic chemical calculations, mole, atomic weight, molecular weight, concepts of units and conversion factors,
dimensional analysis.

UNIT II Material and Energy Balances

Application problems in unit operations - Material balance in reactions –Application in bioprocesses, Sensible, Latent heats- Thermo chemical calculations-use of steam tables-examples of simultaneous
material and energy balance- Application of energy balance in Bioprocesses

UNIT III Fluid Properties

Newtonian and Non Newtonian Fluids, Fluid statics, Fluid Flow in pipelines and other flow channels- pressure drop calculations. Flow measurements. Flow in packed columns, fluidization –valves, pumps
gas moving devices, gases – equipments. Agitation – power requirement

UNIT IV Heat Transfer

Steady state conduction; combined resistances; unsteady state conduction; lumped heat capacity; extended surfaces; combined conduction and convection. Overall heat transfer coefficients; design of heat
exchangers;

UNIT V Applications
Industrial production of chemical– food and byproduct (Leather), Fermentation (Ethanol), Agrochemical (Urea), Pharmaceutical (Penicilin), Acid (Citric acid).

TEXT BOOKS:

1. David M. Himmelblau (2003.), “Basic Principles and Calculations in Chemical Engineering”, 7th Edn.,Prentice-Hall of India, New Delhi.
2. Hougen,O.A., Watsen, K.M., and R.A. Ragartz(1976), “Chemical Process Principles”, part-I, John Wiley and Asia Publishing Co.
3. McCabe W.L., Smith J.C, Harriot P (2005). “Unit Operations In Chemical Engineering”, 7th Edition, McGraw-Hill Inc.

REFERENCES:

1. Geankoplis C.J.( 2003) “Transport Processes and Unit Operations”, 4th Edition,Prentice Hall India.
2. Bhatt B.I., Vora S.M.(2004) “Stoichiometry”. 4th Edition. Tata McGraw-Hill.
3. Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau(2005), “Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes”, 3rd Edition by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Singapore.
ENZYME SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

COURSE CODE COURSE TITLE L T P C

ENZYME SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 3 0 0 3

Course Category:
Program Core

y. Preamble: This course will familiarize students with the importance and application of Enzymes. Students will learn the fundamental properties of
enzymes, their characteristic mechanisms, immobilization, production, purification, characterization.The course also enables students to realize future
potential of enzyme technology in commercialization.

z. Prerequisite Courses:

aa. Related Courses:

bb. Course Outcomes:

Upon the successful completion of the course, students will be able to:

CO Knowledge Level (Based on revised

Course Outcomes
Nos. Bloom’s Taxonomy)

CO1
the fundamentals of enzyme properties, characteristics, classifications and mechanisms
 CO2 Apply biochemical calculation for enzyme kinetics

CO3 Understand immobilization of enzymes and their use in construction of biosensors

CO4 Compare methods for production, purification and characterization of enzymes

Discover the current and future trends of applying enzyme technology for the commercialization purpose of biotechnological
CO5 products.

e. Course Content:
COURSE OUTCOMES:
COURSE CONTENT:

UNIT I Introduction to Enzymes

Chemical Nature and Properties of Enzymes- Characteristics of enzyme - Enzymes and Their Actions - Characteristics of enzymes - Structural Components of Enzymes - specificity of enzyme action -
Classification of enzymes - Factors affecting enzyme activity - Enzyme substrate complex formation models - Enzyme Catalysis- Mechanisms of enzyme catalysis

UNIT II Kinetics of Enzyme Action

Kinetics of single substrate reactions; estimation of Michelis – Menten parameters, multisubstrate reactions- mechanisms and kinetics; turnover number; types of inhibition & models –substrate, product.
Allosteric regulation of enzymes, Monod Changeux Wyman model, pH and temperature effect on enzymes & deactivation kinetics.

UNIT III Enzyme Immobilization and Biosensors

Physical and chemical techniques for enzyme immobilization – adsorption, matrix entrapment, encapsulation, cross-linking, covalent binding etc., - examples, advantages and disadvantages, design of
enzyme electrodes and their application as biosensors in industry, healthcare and environment. Reactor configuration for Immobilized enzymes.

UNIT IV Purification and Characterization of Enzymes from Natural Sources

Production and purification of crude enzyme extracts from plant, animal and microbial sources; methods of characterization of enzymes; development of enzymatic assays. Determination of molecular
weight of enzymes: ultracentrifugation, gel filtration, electrophoresis, and MALDI-TOF methods

UNIT V Applications of Enzymes

Application of enzymes in industries – Food and Beverage. Leather, Detergent, Textile, Pulp and paper Industries. Pharmaceuticals and Medicines Analytical and diagnostic applications of enzymes

TEXT BOOKS

References
BIOREACTOR DESIGN

COURSE CODE COURSE TITLE L T P C

BIOREACTOR DESIGN 3 0 0 3

Course Category:
Program Core

cc. Preamble: The course instructs students on the design, performance and stability of bioreactors

dd. Prerequisite Courses:

ee. Related Courses:

ff. Course Outcomes:

Upon the successful completion of the course, students will be able to:

CO Knowledge Level (Based on revised

Course Outcomes
Nos. Bloom’s Taxonomy)
Attain knowledge on design, performance and stability of bioreactors
CO1

CO2 Be able to interpret and use mathematical expressions that model the reaction rate in biological systems and to design the bioreactor
 CO3 To acquire knowledge about the fundamentals of modeling and simulations of bio process

CO4

CO5

e. Course Content:
COURSE OUTCOMES:
COURSE CONTENT:

UNIT I Introduction to Bioreactors

Basics and importance of bioreactors-Guidelines for bioreactor design. Mechanical aspects of bioreactor design. Requirements for construction of a bioreactor. Development of bioreactors. Instrumentation
to control a bioreactor. Common operations of bioreactor - Fed batch cultivation, Cell recycle cultivation, Cell recycle cultivation in waste water treatment, two stage cultivation Packed bed reactor, airlift
reactor, fluidized bed reactor bubble column reactors

UNIT II Scale – Up of Bio reactors

Regime analysis of bioreactor processes, oxygen mass transfer in bioreactors – microbial oxygen demands; methods for the determination of mass transfer coefficients; mass transfer correlations. Scale up
criteria for bioreactors based on oxygen transfer, power consumption and impeller tip speed.

UNIT III Bioreactor Consideration In Enzyme Systems

Analysis of film and pore diffusion effects on kinetics of immobilized enzyme reactions; formulation of dimensionless groups and calculation of effectiveness factors. Design of immobilized enzyme
reactors – packed bed, fluidized bed and membrane reactors

UNIT IV Modelling and Simulation Of Bioprocesses

Study of structured models for analysis of various bioprocess – compartmental models, models of cellular energetics and metabolism, single cell models, plasmid replication and plasmid stability model.
Dynamic simulation of batch, fed batch, steady and transient culture metabolism.

UNIT V Industrial Bioreactor Design

Design and Operation of Sequence batch reactor, Solid-state fermentation, Immobilized enzyme bioreactor, Hollow fiber bioreactor, Plant cell bioreactor.

TEXT BOOK

References
GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS

COURSE CODE COURSE TITLE L T P C

GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 3 0 0 3

Course Category:
Program Core

gg. Preamble: The student will be able to understand current genomics technologies, acquire insight into recent advances in genomics,transcriptomics and
metagenomics. Students will also be familiarized with analysis of proteomic data that lead to drug discovery.

hh. Prerequisite Courses:

ii. Related Courses:

jj. Course Outcomes:

Upon the successful completion of the course, students will be able to:

CO Knowledge Level (Based on revised

Course Outcomes
Nos. Bloom’s Taxonomy)

CO1
Understands some of the current genomics technologies and will be able to illustrate their use in the study of gene function.

CO2 Acquires an insight of the recent advances in genomics, transcriptomics and metagenomics
 CO3 Be able to synthesise information to discuss the key technological developments that enabled modern proteomic studies

CO4 Quantitatively analyse proteomic data by various software tools

Will be able to describe the process of drug discovery, development and discuss the challenges faced in each step of the drug
CO5 discovery

e. Course Content:
COURSE OUTCOMES:
COURSE CONTENT:

UNIT I Outline About Genome

Genome organization (prokaryotes and Eukaryotes) – Physical mapping of genome - Whole genome sequencing - Genetic markers – RFLP, SSLP, STRs, VNTRs; Physical Markers – EST, STS, FISH,
Radiation hybrids. Sequence markers – SNPs. Expression analysis – DNA microarray approach. Various strategies of sequencing - Mass spectroscopy – Shotgun - Automation in sequencing finding genes
and mutations - Genome sequence annotation. Brief outlook of various genome projects, Human Genome Project. Top down and bottom up approach

UNIT II Genomics
Transcriptomics: Differential gene expression and its importance, SAGE and EST analysis, printed arrays, DNA microarray technology and oligonucleotide arrays, microarray data analysis, RT-PCR,
applications of transcriptomics.
Metagenomics - microbial communities and their importance, designing a metagenomic project, habitat selection, sampling strategy, macromolecular recovery, 16S rRNA based analysis, examples of
metagenomics projects.

UNIT III Introduction to Proteomics

Concepts – Protein-Protein Interactions. Methods – Yeast Two hybrid analysis, Phage display. Protein-DNA Interactions – DNA binding Motifs. Factors affecting the interaction.

UNIT IV Proteomic Tools

Proteomics Technologies - Protein Arrays, Protein Chips and their application, 2D Gel Electrophoresis and its application, Mass Spectrometry and Protein identification, Shotgun proteomics, Role of
Bioinformatics in Proteomics, Proteomics Databases, Protein-Protein Interactions - Concepts and Databases, Proteomics Analysis Tools at ExPaSy , Applications of Proteomics in Life Sciences.

UNIT V Proteomics in Drug Development

Role of Proteomics in Drug Development - Diagnosis of disease by Proteomics - Separation and identification techniques for protein analysis – Development of antibody based protein assay for diagnosis,
Proteomics in vaccine discovery from genome sequence to vaccine discovery.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Genomes 3 by T.A.Brown, Third Edition (Garland Science Publishing)
2. 2. Principles of Genome Analysis and Genomics by S.B.Primrose and R.M.Twyman, Third Edition (Blackwell Publishing)
3. Pennington, S.R and M.J. Dunn, “Proteomics : Protein Sequence to Function”. Viva Books, 2002
4. Liebler, “Introduction to Proteomics” Humana Press, 2002.
BIOLOGICAL MASS TRANSFER

COURSE CODE COURSE TITLE L T P C

BIOLOGICAL MASS TRANSFER 3 0 0 3

Course Category:
Program Core

kk. Preamble: This course aims to make students aware of mass transport phenomena in influencing bioprocess parameters such as rate control,yield,
products, downstream recovery. The student also gains an insight into various bioreactors and the estimation of mass transfer coefficients involved; in
processes such as animal cell culture, microbial fermentations, downstream product recovery, and wastewater treatment.

ll. Prerequisite Courses:

mm. Related Courses:

nn. Course Outcomes:

Upon the successful completion of the course, students will be able to:

CO Knowledge Level (Based on revised

Course Outcomes
Nos. Bloom’s Taxonomy)

CO1
Overall understanding of diffusional mass transfer

CO2 Basics of the mass transfer process in biotechnological process

 CO3 Understand the mechanism of evaporation, crystallization and drying

CO4

CO5

e. Course Content:

COURSE OUTCOMES:
COURSE CONTENT:

UNIT I Diffusion and Mass Transfer

Introduction To Mass Transfer, Principles of unsteady state and convective mass transfer, Convective mass transfer coefficients, Analogy between Mass, Heat and momentum transfer, Mass transfer for flow
inside pipes, Mass transfer to suspensions of small particles. Molecular diffusion in fluids and solids; Interphase Mass Transfer; Mass Transfer coefficients; Analogies in Transport Phenomenon. Fick’s law,
Molecular diffusion in gases, Molecular diffusion in liquids, Molecular diffusion in biological solutions and gels, Molecular diffusion in solids.

UNIT II Extraction Operations

Gas Liquid Operations:Principles of gas absorption; Single and Multi component absorption; Absorption with Chemical Reaction; Design principles of absorbers; Industrial absorbers; HTU, NTU
concepts. Vapour Liquid Operations: V-L Equilibria; Simple, Steam and Flash Distillation; Continuous distillation; McCABE- HIELE & PONCHON-SAVARIT Principles; Industrial distillation
equipments, HETP, HTU and NTU concepts.L-L equilibria, Staged and continuous extraction, Solid-liquid equilibria, Leaching Principles. Solid Fluid Operations: Adsorption equilibria – Batch and fixed
bed adsorption; Drying-Mechanism-Drying curves- Time of Drying; Batch and continuous dryers.

UNIT III Introduction to Evaporation

Types of evaporators, Overall heat transfer coefficients in evaporators, Calculation methods for single effect evaporators, Effect of process variables on evaporator operation, Evaporation of Biological
materials, Evaporation using
vapor recompression.

UNIT IV Introduction to Crystallization

Crystal types, Equilibrium solubility in crystallization, Crystallization theory, Equipments for crystallization, MSMPR Crystallizer.

UNIT V Introduction to Drying

Equipments for drying, Vapor pressure of water and Humidity, Equilibrium moisture content of materials, Rate of Drying curves, Calculation methods for constant rate drying period, methods for falling
rate drying period, Freeze drying and Sterilization of Biological materials, Pasteurization.

TEXT BOOKS
References
BASIC CONCEPTS OF BIOTECHNOLOGY

COURSE CODE COURSE TITLE L T P C

BASIC CONCEPTS OF BIOTECHNOLOGY 3 0 0 3
Course Category:
Program Core

oo. Preamble: This is an introductory course that introduces the students to Biotechnology as a distinct discipline. The course begins with introduction,
scope, history and proceeds to all the different aspects of Biotechnology; and emergent trends in the discipline as well.

pp. Prerequisite Courses:

qq. Related Courses:

rr. Course Outcomes:

Upon the successful completion of the course, students will be able to:

CO Knowledge Level (Based on revised

Course Outcomes
Nos. Bloom’s Taxonomy)
To understand basic history and importance of biotechnology as a distinct discipline
CO1

CO2 To Comprehend the industrial applications of biotechnology

CO3 To distinguish between different types of products and metabolites

CO4 To identify pharmaceutical components correctly

 CO5 To demonstrate various concepts in Bioenergy and emergent areas

e. Course Content:

COURSE OUTCOMES:
BASIC CONCEPTS OF BIOTECHNOLOGY

UNIT I BIOTECHNOLOGY: AN OVERVIEW

Introduction to Biotechnology, History, scope and importance, Global scenario of Biotechnology, Major applications.

UNIT II INDUSTRIAL & AGRICULTURAL APPLICATIONS OF BIOTECHNOLOGY

Role of Biotechnology in Industry, Bioreactors, process development, scale up for fermentation processes, Biotechnology in food & beverage industry, production of pharmaceutical agents,
Biotransformation, Biosimilars, Biotechnology in Agriculture - SCP, Plant tissue culture fundamentals, Biofertilizers.

UNIT III BIOTECHNOLOGY SPECIFIC PRODUCTS

Difference between Primary and Secondary metabolites, Commercially important primary metabolites such as Citric acid, Acetic acid; secondary metabolites such as beta lactams, penicillin, cephalosporin,
streptomycin, erythromycin, etc, Industrial applications of enzymes in detergents, beverage and food.

UNIT IV PHARMACEUTICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY

Conventional vaccines, recombinant vaccines, DNA vaccines, monoclonal antibodies and their applications, interferons, drug designing, gene therapy, human and animal genetic research.

UNIT V BIOENERGY AND EMERGENT TRENDS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY

Bioenergy - definition and uses, Biogas, Biofuels, Biosurfactants- definition, applications; Prospects of Bioleaching, Biosensors: definition, applications in different industries,Biosafety levels, emergent
techniques in Biotechnology- Generic drugs, CRISPR, Biosimilars, Bioprinting.

TEXTBOOKS
Sathyanarayana, U., Biotechnology, Books and Allied (P) Ltd. Kolkata, 2005.
H.D.Kumar, Modern Concepts of Biotechnology, Vikas Publishing House Pvt Ltd,1998
P.K.Gupta, Elements of Biotechnology, Rastog Publications,2003
A.H.Patel, Industrial Microbiology, Macmillan Publishers, 1984
Casida, L.E., Industrial Microbiology, New Age International (P) Ltd, 2005
Crueger, W and AnnelieseCrueger, Biotechnology: A Textbook of Industrial Microbiolog,
Panima Publishing Corporation, Edition 2, 2003

REFERENCES
https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/primer/genomicresearch/genomeediting
(What are genome editing and CRISPR-Cas9 ?)-US National Library of Medicine.
http://www.ema.europa.eu/ema/index.jsp?curl=pages/medicines/general/general_content_001832.jsp (Biosimilar medicines - European Medicines Agency)
https://www.usda.gov/sites/default/files/.../bioenergy-science-white-paper.pdf
USDA Bioenergy Science White Paper
http://explainingthefuture.com/bioprinting.html
Bioprinting
Ratledge C and Kristiansen B. Basic Biotechnology, Cambridge University Press, secondEdition, 2001.
BIOCHEMISTRY

COURSE CODE COURSE TITLE L T P C

BIOCHEMISTRY

Course Category:
Program Core

ss. Preamble:

tt. Prerequisite Courses:

uu. Related Courses:

vv. Course Outcomes:

Upon the successful completion of the course, students will be able to:

CO Knowledge Level (Based on revised

Course Outcomes
Nos. Bloom’s Taxonomy)
Develop a basic understanding on the importance of Biochemistry
CO1

CO2 Study the major metabolic pathways and their importance

CO3 Understand role of proteins and nucleic acids, their genesis and regulation
 CO4 Understand the role of lipids in metabolism

CO5 Exposure to the practical applications of Biochemistry

e. Course Content:

COURSE OUTCOMES:

BIOCHEMISTRY

UNIT 1: BIOMOLECULES: AN INTRODUCTION

Introduction and scope of Biochemistry, basic principles of organic chemistry, structure, function and properties of mono,di and polysaccharides - homopolysaccharides (starch and glycogen);
heteropolysaccharides, Carbohydrates, Lipids: classification, structure, properties and functions of triacylglycerols, phosopholipids and cholesterol, Amino acids: classification and general properties,
Proteins: Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, Quaternary, role of biological buffers.

UNIT 2 : BIOMOLECULES IN METABOLISM AND BIOENERGETICS

Classification of Carbohydrates, Lipids and proteins; Metabolic pathways - TCA cycle, Glycolysis, Gluconeogenesis, Pentose Phosphate pathway, Glycogenesis, Glycogenolysis, Embden Meyerhof
pathway, Bioenergenitcs, Thermodynamics of energy rich compounds, free energy, reduction potentials, calculation of ATP production during glycolysis and TCA cycle, Respiratory chain and oxidative
phosphorylation.

UNIT 3 : PROTEIN AND NITROGEN METABOLISM

Structure and properties of amino acids, Functions of Proteins, Enzymes, Introduction to biocatalysts, Nitrogen metabolism and urea cycle. Structure and functions of purines, pyrimidines, nucleosides,
nucleotides, polynucleotides, ribonucleic acids and deoxy ribonucleic acids, nucleoprotein complexes, chemistry of nucleic acids.

UNIT 4: LIPID METABOLISM

Lipid Metabolism, Biosynthesis and degradation of Lipids, fatty acid synthesis and oxidative degradation, Triglycerol and phospholipids biosynthesis and degradation, cholesterol biosynthesis.

UNIT 5 : APPLICATIONS OF BIOCHEMISTRY IN BIOTECHNOLOGY

Introduction to Molecular docking, Drug design principles, Biochemistry of environmental pollutants, role of Biochemistry in food and pharmaceutical industry.

TEXT BOOKS
1. Nelson, D.L. and M.M. Cox, “Lehninger’s Principles of Biochemsitry”, 4th Edition, W.H.Freemen & Co., 2005.
2. Satyanarayana, U. and U. Chakerapani, “Biochemistry” 3rd Rev. Edition, Books & Allied (P) Ltd., 2006.
3. Rastogi, S.C. “Biochemistry” 2nd Edition, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2003.
REFERENCES
1. Voet, D. and Voet, J.G., “Biochemistry”, 3rd Edition, John Wiley & Sons Inc.,2004.
2. Murray, R.K., etal “Harper’s Illustrated Biochemistry”, 27th Edition, McGraw-Hill, 2006.
BIOPROCESS: PRINCIPLES CONTROL AND APPLICATION
COURSE CODE COURSE TITLE L T P C
BIOPROCESS: PRINCIPLES CONTROL AND APPLICATION 3 0 0 3

Course Category:
Program Core

ww. Preamble:

xx. Prerequisite Courses:

yy. Related Courses:

zz. Course Outcomes:

Upon the successful completion of the course, students will be able to:

CO Knowledge Level (Based on revised

Course Outcomes
Nos. Bloom’s Taxonomy)
Will gain familiarity with the fermentation processes involved in the production of a wide variety of bioproducts
CO1

CO2 To design, formulate and sterilize the media for different inocula on large scale fermentation

CO3 To endow the students with the basics of stoichiometry of microbial reactions

CO4 Ability to select, design and to devise scale up strategy for bioreactors
 CO5 To describe and explain the kinetics of cellular processes for microbial growth, substrate consumption and product formation

e. Course Content:

COURSE OUTCOMES:
COURSE CONTENT

UNIT I Introduction
Introduction to bioprocess development; current scenario of fermentation industry, general requirements of fermentation processes, types of fermentation process: Batch, fed batch and continuous.
Construction of fermentor and ancillaries, main parameters to be monitored and controlled in fermentation processes; properties of fermented products.

UNIT II Media optimization and Sterilization Kinetics

Media formulation and optimization-one factor at a time method, Plackett Burman and Response surface methodology; design of various commercial media for industrial fermentations; Thermal death
kinetics of microorganisms, Sterilization: batch and continuous- air, heat and filter sterilization of liquid media.

UNIT III Stoichiometric analysis

Stoichiometry and kinetics of bioprocesses, Stoichiometry of microbial reactions, Stoichiometry- Mass-balance equations, elemental balance, degrees of reduction of substrate and biomass, available
electron balances, yield coefficients of biomass and product formation, maintenance coefficients energetic analysis of microbial growth and product formation, oxygen consumption and heat evolution in
aerobic cultures, thermodynamic efficiency of growth.

UNIT IV Bioreactor Strategies

Types of bioreactor - Modes of operation of bioreactor - Kinetics of cell growth in batch culture - Kinetics of cell growth in fed-batch culture - Kinetics of cell growth in continuous culture -Stability analysis
of bioreactor Scale up criteria for bioreactors (Constant power per Unit volume, Constant KLa, Constant mixing quality, Constant impeller tip speed, Constant momentum factor, Constant mixing rate
number, Similar drop size distribution)

UNIT V Kinetics of microbial Growth and Product Formation

Phases of cell growth in batch cultures; simple unstructured kinetic models for microbial growth - Monod model, growth of filamentous organisms, product formation kinetics - Leudeking-Piret models,
substrate and product inhibition on cell growth and product formation; homogeneous and heterogeneous reaction kinetics. Biomass estimation- Direct and Indirect methods.

TEXT BOOKS
1. Shuler, Michael L. and Fikret Kargi, “Bioprocess Engineering “, Prentice Hall, 1992.

2. Doran, Pauline “of Bioprocess Engineering Principles “. Elsevier, 1995

REFERENCES
1. Lydersen, Bjorn K. “Bioprocess Engineering Systems, Equipment and Facilities” John Wiley, 1994.
2. Bailey, James E. and David F. Ollis, “ Biochemical Engineering Fundamentals”, 2 nd Edition. McGraw Hill , 1986.
3. Peter F. Stanbury, Stephen J. Hall & A. Whitaker, Principles of Fermentation Technology, Science & Technology Books.
4. Harvey W. Blanch, Douglas S. Clark, Biochemical Engineering, Marcel Dekker, Inc.
CELL BIOLOGY
COURSE CODE COURSE TITLE L T P C
CELL BIOLOGY

Course Category:
Program Core

aaa. Preamble:

bbb. Prerequisite Courses:

ccc. Related Courses:

ddd.Course Outcomes:
Upon the successful completion of the course, students will be able to:

CO Knowledge Level (Based on revised

Course Outcomes
Nos. Bloom’s Taxonomy)
Understand basics of Cell structure and Organelle function
CO1

CO2 Enable the comprehension of Cellular reproduction/division and signalling pathways

 CO3 Understand role of signal pathways and importance of hormones.

CO4 Become competent with different techniques for studying cells

CO5 Understand Cell culture methods.

e. Course Content:

COURSE OUTCOMES:

UNIT I Cell Biology, Organelle Structure And Function

Introduction to cell biology, origin and evolution, physical and chemical composition of cells, structural organization of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, Organization of membrane, membrane proteins, cell
organelles – mitochondria, nucleus, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi bodies.

UNIT II Cellular Interactions

Cell cycle, Mitosis, Meiosis, Molecules controlling cell cycle, Cell transport mechanisms, passive and active transport, sodium potassium pump, ATPase pump, endocytosis, exocytosis, entry of virus and
toxins into cells, cell signalling basics, endocrine and paracrine cell signalling models, signal transduction cascade, role of signalling molecules, receptors, Adhesion junctions, Tight junctions, Gap junctions,
Plasmodesmata.

UNIT III Cell Signal Transduction

Signalling molecules, pathways of intracellular signal transduction, signal amplification, models, CAMP, role of IP3, G-proteins, Hormones as signals and their chemical classification, Peptide hormones,
Protein hormones, Lipid and phospholipid derived hormones, Mechanism and action of different hormones.

UNIT IV Techniques For Cell Study

Cell fractionation, flow cytometry, Identification methods of cells by Microscopy, SEM, TEM, Immunostaining.

UNIT V Cell Culture

Methods for culture of prokaryotic ad eukaryotic cells, study of cell line, types, generation, maintenance of cell lines, techniques in cell culture, explant, primary cultures, three dimensional cultures, role of
matrix for cell growth.
 TEXT BOOK

References

COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY: TECHNIQUES AND APPLICATIONS

COURSE CODE COURSE TITLE L T P C
3 0 0 3
COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY: TECHNIQUES AND APPLICATIONS

Course Category:
Program Core

eee. Preamble:

fff. Prerequisite Courses:

ggg. Related Courses:

hhh.Course Outcomes:
Upon the successful completion of the course, students will be able to:

CO Knowledge Level (Based on revised

Course Outcomes
Nos. Bloom’s Taxonomy)
Understand the basics of operating system and their commands, various types of network protocols and architecture of biological
CO1 databases.

Introduction to sequence alignment and programming algorithms and apply computational based solutions for biological
CO2 perspectives

Ability to construct, interpret and assess the different molecular phylogenetic relationship between the organisms and to understand
CO3 the gene prediction methods.
 CO4 Outline the protein prediction structure algorithms and microarray construction and Protein analysis using bio informatics tools

CO5 Impart the basic knowledge about PERL programming and its application in the field of computational biology.

e. Course Content:

COURSE OUTCOMES:
COURSE CONTENT
UNIT I Network Protocols And Biological Databases
Introduction to Operating systems, UNIX and Linux commands; Network Protocols: OSI, TCP/IP, ftp; Introduction to Biological sequences , biological databases - nucleotide databases, protein databases
EST Database; Genome specific databases; Structural databases, Data file formats, Data life cycle, Database management system models, Basics of Structured Query Language (SQL).

UNIT II Sequence Analysis And Dynamic Programming Algorithms

Sequence Analysis, Pairwise alignment, Dynamic programming algorithms for computing edit distance, string similarity, shotgun DNA sequencing, end space free alignment. Multiple sequence alignment,
Algorithms for Multiple sequence alignment, Generating motifs and profiles, Local and Global alignment, Algorithm of dot matrix analysis, Needleman and Wunsch algorithm, Smith Waterman algorithm,
Database search algorithms and applications: FASTA, BLAST, PSIBLAST and PHIBLAST.

UNIT III Phlogenetics And Gene Prediction

Introduction to phylogenetics, Distance based trees UPGMA trees, Molecular clock theory, Ultrametric trees, Parsimonious trees, Neighbour joining trees, trees based on morphological traits, Bootstrapping.
Hidden Markov Models for gene finding, Decision trees, Support Vector Machines. Introduction to Systems Biology and Synthetic Biology, Microarray analysis, DNA computing, Applications of
informatics techniques in genomics: Assembling the genome, STS content mapping for clone contigs, Functional annotation,

UNIT IV Protein Structure Prediction

Machine learning techniques: Artificial Neural Networks in protein secondary structure prediction, Bioinformatics approaches for drug discovery, Applications of informatics techniques in proteomics:
Peptide mass fingerprinting. Protein Secondary structure and tertiary structure prediction methods, Homology modeling, abinitio approaches, Threading, Critical Assessment of Structure Prediction,

UNIT V Introduction To Perl Programming

Basics of PERL programming for Bioinformatics: Datatypes: scalars and collections, operators, Program control flow constructs, Library Functions: String specific functions, User defined functions, File
handling. Conditional Blocks & loops- Pattern matching- Arrays-Hashes.

TEXT BOOK

References
DOWNSTREAM PROCESSING
COURSE CODE COURSE TITLE L T P C

DOWNSTREAM PROCESSING 3 0 0 3

Course Category:
Program Core

iii. Preamble:

jjj. Prerequisite Courses:

kkk. Related Courses:

lll. Course Outcomes:

Upon the successful completion of the course, students will be able to:

CO Knowledge Level (Based on revised

Course Outcomes
Nos. Bloom’s Taxonomy)
Understanding of basic principles and strategies applied in downstream processing of bio-products.
CO1

Acquires knowledge of different techniques for solid-liquid separation, product release, concentration and purification of
CO2 biotechnology products.

CO3 Becomes familiar with the different types of chromatographic processes their principle, components and their functions.

CO4
 CO5

e. Course Content:

COURSE OUTCOMES:
CO 1:
CO 2:
CO 3:

COURSE CONTENT
UNIT I Downstream Processing
Role and importance of downstream processing in biotechnological processes; characteristics of biomolecules and bioprocesses, Physico-chemical basis of bio-separation processes. Economics of
downstream processing in Biotechnology, cost-cutting strategies, characteristics of biological mixtures, process design criteria for various classes of bio-products.

UNIT II Primary Separation Techniques

Mechanical, enzymatic and chemical methods of cell disruption for product release; Immobilization, super critical fluid extraction evaporation, super liquid extraction, solid-liquid separation - flocculation,
sedimentation, filtration, centrifugation settling and foam based separation

UNIT III Enrichment Operations

Adsorption, liquid-liquid extraction, aqueous two-phase extraction, membrane separation – ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis, dialysis, precipitation of proteins by different methods. Centrifugation, settling,
sedimentation, decanting and microfiltration.

UNIT IV Product Purification

Chromatographic techniques –adsorption, TLC, reverse phase, ion-exchange, size exclusion, hydrophobic interaction, bioaffinity and pseudo affinity chromatographic techniques. Elecrtrophoresis of
proteins and nucleic acids, 1D-2D Gels, Types of Electrophoretic techniques (Capillary and Pulse field). Requirements and problems faced in bio-product purification.

UNIT V Product Formulation And Polishing

Crystallization, drying and lyophilization for final product formulation. Case study with examples for processing of two Industrial products.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Belter, P.A. E.L. Cussler And Wei-Houhu – “Bioseparations – Downstream Processing For Biotechnology, Wiley Interscience Pun. (1988).
2. Sivasankar, B. “Bioseparations : Principles and Techniques”. PHI, 2005.

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. R.O. Jenkins, (Ed.) – Product Recovery In Bioprocess Technology – Biotechnology By Open Learning Series, Butterworth-Heinemann (1992).
2. J.C. Janson And L. Ryden, (Ed.) – Protein Purification – Principles, High Resolution Methods And Applications, VCH Pub. 1989.
3. R.K. Scopes – Protein Purification – Principles And Practice, Narosa Pub. (1994).
IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOTECHNOLOGY
COURSE CODE COURSE TITLE L T P C
IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOTECHNOLOGY 3 0 0 3

Course Category:
Program Core

mmm. Preamble:

nnn. Prerequisite Courses:

ooo. Related Courses:

ppp.Course Outcomes:
Upon the successful completion of the course, students will be able to:

CO Knowledge Level (Based on revised

Course Outcomes
Nos. Bloom’s Taxonomy)

CO1 To impart the basic knowledge of immune system and to identify the fundamental characteristics of both the innate and adaptive
immune systems

CO2 To describe the properties of antigen, antibodies and their interactions

CO3 To illustrate the mechanism of hypersensitivity, autoimmunity and the concept of vaccination.

CO4 To have an understanding of various laboratory techniques that can be applied for immunological diagnosis
 CO5 To analyze the effects of immuno-toxicants on humans and environment.

e. Course Content:

COURSE OUTCOMES:
COURSE CONTENT:

UNIT - I INTRODUCTION TO IMMUNE SYSTEM

Introduction to immunology; cells of the immune system: types of immune response; lymphoid organs: primary and secondary lymphoid organs; antigen presenting cells, major histocompatibility complex
(MHC), Natural killer Cells. Activation and differentiation of T-cells and B-cells; Receptors and Signaling: T-cell and B-cell receptors.

UNIT - II ANTIGEN AND ANTIBODY INTERACTION

Antibodies: structure, gene organization and functions; antigens: chemical and molecular nature; antigen-antibody reactions; Monoclonal and Polyclonal antibodies: principles and applications-Hybridoma
technology; haptens; adjuvants

UNIT - III AUTOIMMUNITY, HYPERSENSITIVITY AND IMMUNODEFICIENCY

Cytokines; complement system; immunosuppression- Graft versus host reaction; tolerance; allergy and hypersensitivity; Immunodeficiency -AIDS; Vaccines -resistance and immunisation; Autoimmunity,
Types and mechanism of autoimmune diseases, regulation of T-cell and B-cell responses, Tissue and organ transplant

UNIT - IV IMMUNO-TECHNIQUES
Immunoelectrophoresis, ELISA, RIA, non-isotopic methods for detection of antigens, Immunoprecipitaion, chemiluminescence assay, immunohistochemistry, purification techniques of antigens and
antibodies. Flowcytometry, FISH, application of recombinant DNA technology for the study of the immune system, Immunotherapy with genetically engineered antibodies.

UNIT - V IMMUNOTOXICOLOGY
Introduction to Immunotoxicology, immunotoxicology of humans and ecology. Immune system as a target of xenobiotics, Experimental design in immunotoxicology, Factors affecting immune system,
immunotoxicology of drugs and other pollutants. Regulatory aspects of immunotoxicology.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Kuby J, Immunology, WH Freeman & Co., 2000.

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Roitt I, Male, Brostoff. Immunology, Mosby Publ., 2002.
2. Ashim K. Chakravarthy, Immunology, TataMcGraw-Hill, 1998.
3. Coico, Richard “Immunology : A Short Course” 5th Edition. John Wiley, 2003.
4. Khan, Fahim Halim “Elements of Immunology” Pearson Education, 2009.
MICROBIOLOGY
COURSE CODE COURSE TITLE L T P C
MICROBIOLOGY

Course Category:
Program Core

qqq. Preamble:

rrr. Prerequisite Courses:

sss. Related Courses:

ttt. Course Outcomes:

Upon the successful completion of the course, students will be able to:

CO Knowledge Level (Based on revised

Course Outcomes
Nos. Bloom’s Taxonomy)
To understand the basic history, importance and scope of microbiology and the basic methods.
CO1

CO2 Appreciate the diversity of different micro-organisms with their corresponding life cycles

CO3 Enable to understand culture techniques for growing different micro-organisms

CO4 Understand principles of Sterilization, Disinfection and control methods

 CO5 Appreciate Industrial and Environmental applications of Microbiology

e. Course Content:

COURSE OUTCOMES:

UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO MICROBIOLOGY

History of Microbiology, Basics of Microbial existence, Classification, Nomenclature and Identification of microorganisms, Microscopic examination of microorganisms, light, electron microscopy,
different staining methods such as gram staining, acid fast staining, capsular staining, flagellar staining, fungal staining, cultivation of bacteria, reproduction and growth.

UNIT II MICROBIAL STRUCTURE AND ORGANIZATION

Structure and multiplication of bacteria, viruses, algae, fungi.Special mention of life history of Actinomycetes, Yeast, Mycoplasma, Bacteriophage (Lytic, Lysogeny cycle).

UNIT III MICROBIAL NUTRITION, GROTH AND METABOLISM

Nutritional requirements of bacteria, different media used for bacterial culture, growth curve,different methods to quantitate bacterial growth, pure culture techniques (spread plate, streak plate), preservation
methods. Aerobic and anaerobic bioenergetics, utilization of energy for biosysnthesis of important molecules.

UNIT IV CONTROL OF MICROORGANISMS

Methods of Sterilization and Disinfection – Physical and Chemical – host-microbe interactions, Anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-viral agents, mode of action and resistance to antibiotics, Microbial diseases
of nervous system, digestive system, respiratory system, urinary and reproductive system.

UNIT V INDUSTRIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY

Introduction to Industrial Microbiology, primary and secondary metabolites, their applications, production of penicillin, alchohol, vitamin B12, Environmental Microbiology and Microbial ecology, Biogas,
Microbial leaching of mineral ores, Biofertilizers, Biopesticides, Bioremediation, pollution control and Biosensors.

TEXT BOOK

References
ADVANCED MOLECULAR BIOLOGY: CONCEPTS AND TECHNIQUES

COURSE CODE COURSE TITLE L T P C

ADVANCED MOLECULAR BIOLOGY: CONCEPTS AND TECHNIQUES 3 0 0 3

Course Category:
Program Core

uuu. Preamble:

vvv. Prerequisite Courses:

www. Related Courses:

xxx. Course Outcomes:

Upon the successful completion of the course, students will be able to:

CO Knowledge Level (Based on revised

Course Outcomes
Nos. Bloom’s Taxonomy)
Understand the different composition, roles and structures of nucleic acids at the molecular level
CO1

CO2 To provide a sound understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the replication and repair of DNA

Outline the processes of transcription, translation and basic components needed to successfully undergo transcription and
CO3 translation.
 CO4 To understand key principles of gene organization and regulation of gene expression

CO5 Detailed understanding of advanced tools and techniques in molecular biology and its application in research

e. Course Content:

COURSE OUTCOMES:
SYLLABUS
UNIT I CHEMISTRY OF NUCLEIC ACIDS
Introduction to nucleic acids: Nucleic acids as genetic material, Structure and physicochemical properties of elements in DNA and RNA, Biological significance of differences in DNA and RNA. Primary
structure of DNA: Chemical and structural qualities of 3’,5’-Phosphodiester bond. Secondary Structure of DNA: Watson & Crick model, Chargaff’s rule, X–ray diffraction analysis of DNA, Forms of DNA,
Conformational variants of double helical DNA, Hogsteen base pairing, Triple helix, Quadruple helix, Reversible denaturation and hyperchromic effect. Tertiary structure of DNA: DNA supercoiling.
Structure and function of mRNA, rRNA, tRNA. Secondary structures in RNA.

UNIT II DNA REPLICATION & REPAIR

Overview of Central dogma. Organization of prokaryotic and eukaryotic chromosomes. DNA replication: Meselson & Stahl experiment, bi–directional DNA replication, Okazaki fragments, Proteomics of
DNA replication, Fidelity of DNA replication, Inhibitors of DNA replication, Overview of differences in prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA replication, Telomere replication in eukaryotes. D-loop and rolling
circle mode of replication. Mutagens, DNA mutations and their mechanism, various types of repair mechanisms.

UNIT III TRANSCRIPTION AND TRANSLATION

Features of promoters and enhancers; Transcription factors; Classes of RNA molecules; Types of RNA polymerases; Transcription: initiation, elongation, termination; Post-transcriptional modifications:
RNA Splicing, Polyadenylation and Capping, RNA editing; RNA Interference (RNAi), ribozymes; Genetic code, Wobble hypothesis, Protein synthesis: Initiation, Elongation, and Termination; Post-
translational modifications; Case study: Gene silencing.

UNIT IV REGULATION OF GENE EXPRESSION

Organization of genes in prokaryotic and eukaryotic chromosomes, Hierarchical levels of gene regulation, Prokaryotic gene regulation – lac, trp ara and gal operon, Regulation of gene expression with
reference to λ phage life.

UNIT V TECHNIQUES INVOLVED IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Introduction to Molecular biology techniques: Cell fractionation. Isolation and purification of genomic DNA. Polymerase Chain Reaction; Isolation of RNA and gene expression analysis by RT-PCR;
Blotting techniques. DNA sequencing techniques. Methods for separation of macromolecules: Chromatography- column, thin layer, paper, ion exchange, gel filtration, affinity. Electrophoresis- agarose gel
electrophoresis and poly acrilamide gel electrophoresis.

TEXT BOOKS
1. Friefelder, David. “ Molecular Biology.” Narosa Publications, 1999
2. Weaver, Robert F. “ Molecular Biology” 2nd Edition, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2003.
3. Friefelder, David and George M. Malacinski “Essentials of Molecular Biology” 2nd Edition, Panima Publishing, 1993.

REFERENCES
1. Tropp, Burton E. “ Molecular Biology : Genes to Proteins”. 3rd Edition. Jones and Bartlett, 2008.
2. Glick , B.R. and J.J. Pasternak. “Molecular Biotechnology : Principles and Applications of Recombinant DNA” 4th Edition. ASM, 2010.