DANGEROUS GOODS

REGULATIONS

PASSENGER HANDLING CAT 9

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
 FOREWORD………………………………………………………….………….04
 COURSE OBJECTIVES ………………………………………….…………….05
 INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………………06
SECTION 1 – APPLICABILITY………………………………………….……………08
- General philosophy
- Definition
- Legal basis
- Shipper’s responsibility
- Operator’s responsibility
- Training requirements
- Designated postal operators
- Dangerous goods security
- Information to shippers
- Information to passengers
- Dangerous goods transported by helicopters
SECTION 2 – LIMITATIONS………………………………………………………..13
- General
- Acceptable dangerous goods
- Forbidden dangerous goods
- Recognition of hidden dangerous goods
- Dangerous goods carried by passengers and crew
- Dangerous goods in air mail
- Dangerous goods in operator's property
- Dangerous goods in excepted quantities
- Radioactive material – excepted packages
- State and operator variations
SECTION 3 – CLASSIFICATION…………………………………..…………………18
- General principles
- Complete list of classes and divisions
SECTION 4 - LABELING AND MARKING ………………………………………….25
- General
- Marking
- Labeling

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SECTION 5 - DANGEROUS GOODS EMERGENCY…………………………….30
- Introduction
- Procedures for Flight Crew
- Contaminated Cargo or Baggage Handling
- Dangerous Goods in Cargo Holds
- Cargo Compartment Class
- Procedures of Load Planners
- Incidents and Accidents
- Dangerous goods emergency response chart(ground incidents)
- Aircraft emergency response drills
- Dangerous Goods Occurrence Report
- Last Update From ICAO Doc. 10002/AN/502 Cabin Crew Safety Training Manual

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FOREWORD
Annex 18 to the Chicago Convention on International Civil Aviation, titled “The Safe Transport of
Dangerous Goods by Air”, chapter 10, requires that dangerous goods training programmes be established
and updated as provided for in the ICAO document “Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of
Dangerous Goods by Air”.
The ICAO Technical Instructions (Part 1; 4.1) require that initial and recurrent dangerous goods training
programmes must be established and maintained by or on behalf of the following:
 operators;
 ground handling agencies which perform, on behalf of the operator, the act of accepting, handling,
loading, unloading, transfer or other processing of cargo;
 ground handling agencies located at an airport which perform, on behalf of the operator, the act of
processing passengers;
 agencies, not located at an airport, which perform, on behalf of the operator, the act of checking in
passengers;
 freight forwarders;
 shippers of dangerous goods, including packers and persons' or organizations' undertaking the
responsibilities of the shipper; and
 Agencies engaged in the security screening of passengers and their baggage and/or cargo.
The training programmes are subject to review and approval as determined by the appropriate
governmental authority. Recurrent training must take place within 24 months of previous training
to ensure knowledge is current, unless a competent authority has defined a shorter period. A test
must be undertaken and successfully completed following the training to verify understanding of the
regulations.
This workbook has been produced to help achieve a uniform world-wide level of training in all aspects of
handling and transporting dangerous goods by air and particularly to assist those who are responsible for
the establishment of training programmes. The material contained in this workbook was developed jointly
by ICAO and IATA in support of the provision contained in Annex 18 to the Convention of International
Civil Aviation. It is believed that the use of internationally developed training programmes will facilitate
approval by national authorities.
This workbook is one of a series of five books, each developed for the training of a particular category of
personnel involved in the transport of dangerous goods by air. The five books are:

Workbook 1: Shippers; Packers; Dangerous Goods Acceptance Personnel

Workbook 2: Flight Crew; Load Planners, Load Masters and FOO/FD
Workbook 3: Cabin Crew; Passenger Handling Personnel; Security Screening Personnel
Workbook 4: Ramp and Warehouse Personnel
Workbook 5: General Cargo Acceptance Personnel

Revised editions of these books are published annually to maintain alignment with changes to the
provisions on which they are based.

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COURSE OBJECTIVES
After thorough study and use of this training workbook the student will:
 Be able to identify dangerous goods;
 Have knowledge of the origin of the current regulations and be aware of the general philosophy;
 Be able to identify the classes of dangerous goods;
 Be able to refer to the List of Dangerous Goods;
 Recognize and identify the hazard/handling labels applicable to dangerous goods;
 Recognize and identify dangerous goods package use and package specification markings;
 Be able to identify potential hidden hazards in cargo;
 Be familiar with loading and storage procedures;
 Be aware of the provisions for dangerous goods in baggage of passengers and crew;
 Be familiar with emergency procedures.

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 INTRODUCTION
PURPOSE OF THE DANGEROUS GOODS REGULATIONS

This training workbook is designed for flight crew and for personnel performing duties that include the
assignment of locations for the loading of dangerous goods on board aircraft (IATA Dangerous Goods
Regulations Table 1.5.A). All of these personnel need to have a knowledge and understanding of
dangerous goods, their potential hazards and the procedures applicable to the transport of dangerous goods
by air.

Dangerous goods are commodities that possess potentially dangerous characteristics. These characteristics
will not make their transport by air dangerous, provided that suitable precautions are taken. Dangerous
goods consist not only of obvious substances such as acids, explosives and poisons, but also include less
apparent articles like magnets, refrigerants and some everyday household items such as bleaches, aerosols
and perfumes.

There are internationally agreed rules to ensure the safe transportation of dangerous goods by air. These
are published by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) as the Technical Instructions for
the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air.

The IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations (abbreviated DGR in this training workbook) are based on
Annex 18 to the Chicago Convention on International Civil Aviation. They include all the requirements of
Annex 18 and the latest ICAO Technical Instructions.
The IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations are recognized by ICAO as the field document for the transport
of dangerous goods by air.

No part of air transport is more important than safety, and this emphasizes the need to have detailed and
precise regulations for the preparation, acceptance and carriage of a wide range of chemicals and other
dangerous articles and substances.

GENERAL PHILOSOPHY

Dangerous goods can be transported safely by air transport provided certain principles are strictly
followed. The IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations is an easy-to-use manual based on the International
Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by
Air. It incorporates additional operational requirements, which provide a harmonized system for operators
to accept and transport dangerous goods safely and efficiently.

The Regulations include a detailed list of individual articles and substances specifying the United Nations
classification of each article or substance and their acceptability for air transport as well as the conditions
for their transport. Since no listing can be complete, the list also includes many generic or “not otherwise
specified” entries to assist in the classification of those articles or substances not listed by name.

Some dangerous goods have been identified as being too dangerous to be carried on any aircraft under any
circumstances; others are forbidden under normal circumstances but may be carried with specific
approvals from the States concerned; some are restricted to carriage on all cargo aircraft; most however,
can be safely carried on passenger aircraft as well, provided certain requirements are met.

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 SECTION 1 — APPLICABILITY
1.0 Definition of Dangerous Goods

Dangerous goods are articles or substances which are capable of posing a risk to health, safety, property or
the environment and which are shown in the list of dangerous goods in these Regulations or which are
classified according to these Regulations.

1.1 Basis of these Regulations

1.1.1 The UN Committee of Experts (CoE) develops recommended procedures for the transport of all
types of dangerous goods except radioactive materials. These procedures, applicable to all modes of
transport, are published in the Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods.

1.1.2 The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) develops recommended procedures for the safe
transport of radioactive materials. These procedures are published in the Regulations for the Safe
Transport of Radioactive Material (IAEA TS-R-1). The requirements of these regulations as they pertain
to air transport are reflected in Section 10.

1.1.3 The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) has used these recommendations as the basis
for developing the regulations for the safe transport of dangerous goods by air. The ICAO regulations are
codified in Annex 18 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation and in its Technical Instructions
for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air (Doc 9284-AN/905 as amended) (Technical
Instructions).

1.1.4 The IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations (the Regulations) contain all of the requirements of the
Technical Instructions. IATA has included additional requirements, which are more restrictive than the
Technical Instructions and reflect industry standard practices or operational considerations. These are
identified by the symbol “” in the margin.

1.1.5 Sudan Civil Aviation Authority Regulations for Dangerous Goods SUCAR Part 18, SCAP Part 11
and Sudan Aviation Safety ACT 2010 Article 49 and 50.

1.2 Application of these Regulations

1.2.1 Applicability
The IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations are applicable to:
 All airlines which are Members or Associate Members of IATA;
 All airlines which are party to the IATA Multilateral Interline Traffic Agreement — Cargo; and
 All shippers and agents that offer consignments of dangerous goods to these operators.

1.3 Shipper's Responsibilities

1. Identified;
2. Classified;
3. Packed;
4. Marked;
5. Labeled;
6. Documented.

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1.4 Operator's Responsibilities
 Acceptance;
 Storage;
 Loading;
 Inspection;
 Provision of Information, including emergency response information;
 Reporting;
 Retention of Records;
 Training.

1.5 Training Requirements

1.5.1 The successful application of regulations concerning the transport of dangerous goods and the
achievement of their objectives are greatly dependent on the appreciation by all individuals concerned of
the risks involved and on a detailed understanding of the Regulations. This can only be achieved by
properly planned and maintained initial and recurrent training programmes for all persons concerned in the
transport of dangerous goods.

1.5.2 Training must be provided or verified upon the employment of personnel identified in the categories
specified in Table 1.5.A.

1.5.3 Recurrent training must take place within 24 months.

1.5.4 A test must be undertaken following dangerous goods training to verify understanding of the
regulations. Confirmation is required of successful completion of the test.

TABLE 1.5.A
Minimum Requirements for Training Curricula (1.5.2)

Shippers
Aspects of transport of dangerous goods by Freight Operators and ground Security
& Forwarders screeners
air with which they should be familiar, as a handling agents
packers
minimum 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
General philosophy            
Limitations           
General requirements for shippers   
Classification     
List of dangerous goods     
General packing requirements    
Packing instructions    
Labeling and marking            
Shipper's Declaration and other relevant
    
documentation
Acceptance procedures  
Recognition of Undeclared Dangerous Goods            
Storage and loading procedures     
Pilots' notification    
Provisions for passengers and crew            
Emergency procedures            

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KEY

1. Shippers and persons undertaking the responsibilities of shippers', including operator's staff acting as shippers, operator's
staff preparing dangerous goods as Company Materials (COMAT)
2. Packers
3. Staff of freight forwarders involved in processing dangerous goods
4. Staff of freight forwarders involved in processing cargo, mail or stores (other than dangerous goods)
5. Staff of freight forwarders involved in the handling, storage and loading of cargo, mail or stores
6. Operator's and ground handling agent's staff accepting dangerous goods
7. Operator's and ground handling agent's staff accepting cargo, mail or stores (other than dangerous goods)
8. Operator's and ground handling agent's staff involved in the handling, storage and loading of cargo, mail or stores and
baggage
9. Passenger handling staff
10. Flight crew members, load planners and Flight Operations Officer/Flight Dispatcher
11. Crew members, loadmasters (other than flight crew members)
12. Security staff who deal with the screening of passengers and their baggage and cargo, mail or stores, e.g. security
screeners, their supervisors and staff involved in implementing security procedures.

TABLE 1.5.B
Minimum Requirements for Training Curricula for “No Carry” Operators (1.5.3)

Operators and ground

Aspects of transport of dangerous goods by air with which
handling agents
they should be familiar, as a minimum
13 14 15 16 17
General philosophy     
Limitations     
Labeling and marking     
Shipper's Declaration and other relevant documentation 
Recognition of Undeclared Dangerous Goods     
Provisions for passengers and crew     
Emergency procedures     

KEY

13. Operator's and ground handling agent's staff accepting cargo, mail or stores (other than dangerous goods)
14. Operator's and ground handling agent's staff involved in the handling, storage and loading of cargo, mail or stores and
baggage
15. Passenger handling staff
16. Flight crew members, load planners and Flight Operations Officer/Flight Dispatcher
17. Crew members, loadmasters (other than flight crew members)

Note:
Security staffs are required to be trained irrespective of whether the operator on which passenger or cargo is to be
transported carries dangerous goods as cargo.

 1.6 Training Curricula—Designated Postal Operators

Staff of designated postal operators must be trained commensurate with their responsibilities. The subject
matter to which their various categories of staff should be familiar with is indicated in Table 1.5.C.

1.7 Dangerous Goods Security

This subsection addresses the security responsibilities of operators, shippers and others involved in the
transport of dangerous goods aboard aircraft. It should be noted that Annex 17 provides comprehensive
requirements for implementation of security measures by States to prevent unlawful interference with civil
aviation or when such interference has been committed. In addition, the Security Manual for Safeguarding

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Civil Aviation against Acts of Unlawful Interference (Doc 8973 - Restricted) provides procedures and
guidance on aspects of aviation security and is intended to assist States in the implementation of their
respective national civil aviation security programmes. The current edition of the IATA Security Manual
contains guidance material directed at industry entities such as operators and airports. The requirements in
this subsection are intended to supplement the requirements of Annex 17 and to implement measures to be
taken to minimize theft or misuse of dangerous goods that may endanger persons or property. The
provisions of this subsection do not super cede the requirements of Annex 17 and mandatory elements of
the associated documents.

1.8 INFORMATION TO PASSENGERS

What about informing passengers of the Regulations?
It is not practical to give our passengers individual training on the Regulations. However, we can and must
bring to their attention an awareness of what must not be carried aboard an aircraft, either as checked
baggage or as carry-on articles.
Information must be provided to passengers about the type of dangerous goods which they are forbidden
from transporting aboard an aircraft.
As a minimum, this information must consist of:
- information with the passenger ticket or made available in another manner such that prior to or
during the check-in process, the passenger receives the information;
- notices warning passengers as to the type of dangerous goods which are forbidden for transport
aboard an aircraft are:
 prominently displayed in sufficient number at each of the places at an airport where tickets
are issued, and where passengers check in, in aircraft boarding areas and in baggage claim
areas; and

- Notices clearly displayed at any other location where passengers are checked in.

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Check-in staff should seek confirmation from a passenger that they are not carrying dangerous goods that
are not permitted, and seek further confirmation about the contents of any item where there are suspicions
that it may contain dangerous goods that are not permitted. Many innocuous-looking items may contain
dangerous goods and a list of general descriptions which, experience has shown, are often applied to such
items is shown later in section 2.

1.9 Dangerous Goods Transported by Helicopters — Provisions have been added to the Regulations,
where applicable, to address specific requirements or differences for the transport of dangerous goods by
helicopter.

1.10 EXERCISES FOR SECTION 1

The Legal Basis for the Regulations is the ICAO Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of
Dangerous Goods by Air (Commonly referred to as the Technical Instructions or the T.I.).
The field document, used by member airlines is the IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations (IATA/DGR).

(a) Operator’s Responsibility?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(b) How is the passenger informed of the Regulations?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(c) What is the definition of Dangerous Goods?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(d) Recurrent training is required within how many months of previous training, unless a competent
authority has defined a shorter period?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(e) Shipper's Responsibilities?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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 SECTION 2 — LIMITATIONS
2.0 General

Some dangerous goods are too dangerous to be carried by aircraft, others may be carried on cargo aircraft
only and some are acceptable on both cargo and passenger aircraft. A number of limitations are placed on
dangerous goods which are permitted to be transported by air. These limitations are established by these
Regulations. Both States and operators may impose further restrictions called variations (see Subsection
2.7).

2.1 ACCEPTABLE DANGEROUS GOODS

What are considered “acceptable” dangerous goods?

A great many dangerous goods may be carried on aircraft as cargo provided they are properly prepared for
transport in accordance with the Regulations. The List of Dangerous Goods (DGR 4.2) itemizes the most
commonly shipped dangerous goods by name, and indicates the maximum quantity of such goods
permitted per package on Passenger and/or Cargo Aircraft. Those dangerous goods that are restricted to all
cargo aircraft are either in larger quantities or are forbidden on passenger aircraft. Generally, however,
they are not permitted in passenger or crew checked baggage or as carry-on articles. Items forbidden as
baggage may be acceptable as cargo provided the article or substance is prepared in compliance with all
the provisions of the Regulations.

2.2 Forbidden Dangerous Goods

Are there any dangerous goods that are completely forbidden for air transport?
Some dangerous goods are considered to be too hazardous for transport by air under any circumstances.
Substances or articles which, as presented for transport, are liable to explode, dangerously react, produce a
flame or dangerous evolution of heat or dangerous emission of toxic, corrosive or flammable gases or
vapours under conditions normally encountered in transport must not be carried on aircraft under any
circumstance.

2.3 Recognition of Hidden Dangerous Goods

2.3.1 Operators' acceptance staff must be adequately trained to assist them to identify and detect dangerous
goods presented as general cargo.

2.3.2 Cargo declared under a general description may contain hazardous articles that are not apparent.
Such articles may also be found in baggage. With the aim of preventing undeclared dangerous goods from
being loaded on an aircraft and passengers from taking on board those dangerous goods which they are not
permitted to have in their baggage, cargo and passenger acceptance staff should seek confirmation from
shippers and passengers about the contents of any item of cargo or baggage where there are suspicions that
it may contain dangerous goods.

Cargo acceptance staff and passenger check-in staff as appropriate must be provided with information, and
this information must be readily available to such staff on:

a. general descriptions that are often used for items in cargo or in passengers' baggage which may
contain dangerous goods;
b. other indications that dangerous goods may be present (e.g. labels, markings); and
c. Those dangerous goods which may be carried by passengers in accordance with 2.3.

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2.4 Dangerous Goods Carried by Passengers or Crew

2.4.1 Dangerous goods, including excepted packages of radioactive material, must not be carried by
passengers or crew:
 as or in checked baggage;
 as or in carry-on baggage; or
 on their person;
2.4.2 Notwithstanding any additional restrictions that may be implemented by States in the interests of
aviation security, except for the incident reporting requirements of 9.6.2, the provisions of these
Regulations do not apply to 2.3.4 to 2.3.5 when carried by passengers or crew members or in baggage
transported by the operator which has been separated from its owner during transit (e.g. lost baggage or
improperly routed baggage).

 ELECTRONIC CIGARETTE — an electronic cigarette, or e-cigarette, is a smoking simulation

and/or cessation device that mimics smoking. It is considered a Portable Electronic Device (PED) as
most electronic cigarettes are powered by lithium batteries. Electronic, simulated smoking materials
include: electronic cigarettes, electronic cigars and electronic pipes. Where the electronic cigarettes are
powered by lithium batteries, the requirements of the IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations (DGR),
paragraphs 2.3.5.9 and 2.3.5.17 must be met. This
requires that spare lithium batteries and the
electronic cigarettes must be carried in passenger
carry-on baggage. In addition, recharging of
electronic cigarettes and/or batteries on board the
aircraft is not permitted. Electronic, simulated smoking materials (cigarettes, pipes, cigars) should be
prohibited from use by both passengers and crew at all times. Operators should not permit the use of
any item which could insinuate that smoking is permitted on board aircraft.

 Lithium Batteries — ICAO Council adopted the

recommendation of the ICAO Air Navigation Commission
(ANC) that lithium ion batteries, UN 3480, Packing Instruction
965 only, be forbidden, on an interim basis, as cargo on
passenger aircraft. The prohibition does not apply to lithium ion
batteries packed with equipment or lithium ion batteries
contained in equipment, UN 3481, Packing Instruction 966 and
Packing Instruction 967 respectively.

2.4 Dangerous Goods Carried by Passengers or Crew

2.4.1 Dangerous goods, including excepted packages of radioactive material, must not be carried by
passengers or crew:
 as or in checked baggage;
 as or in carry-on baggage; or
 on their person;
2.4.2 Notwithstanding any additional restrictions that may be implemented by States in the interests of
aviation security, except for the incident reporting requirements of 9.6.2, the provisions of these
Regulations do not apply to 2.3.4 to 2.3.5 when carried by passengers or crew members or in baggage
transported by the operator which has been separated from its owner during transit (e.g. lost baggage or
improperly routed baggage).

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TABLE 2.4.A
Provisions for Dangerous Goods Carried by Passengers or Crew

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2.5 Transport of Dangerous Goods by Post

2.5.1 The Universal Postal Union Convention forbids the carriage of dangerous goods in mail except as
permitted in 2.4 Appropriate national authorities should ensure that the provisions of the UPU Convention
are complied with in relation to the transport of dangerous goods by air.

2.6 Dangerous Goods in Operator's Property

Some articles and substances classified as dangerous goods are required to be on board an aircraft in
accordance with the pertinent airworthiness requirements and operating regulations; or are authorized by
the State of the operator to meet special requirements. Examples of these are: life rafts, life jackets,
emergency escape slides, all of which contain cylinders of compressed gas and may also contain other
items such as first aid kits and flares.

a. Aircraft Equipment
b. Consumer Goods
c. Carbon Dioxide, Solid (Dry Ice)
d. Aircraft Spares

2.7 State and Operator Variations

• State variations that have been notified to ICAO or IATA.

• Where such variations are more restrictive than the provisions contained in these Regulations.

2.7.1 State Variations

AEG (United Arab Emirates GCAA)

AEG 01 Transportation of dangerous goods to, from or within the UAE must be subject to compliance
with the Provisions of these Regulations and the UAE Civil Aviation Regulations. Request for obtaining a
copy of the UAE Civil Aviation Regulations can be applied online using the GCAA official website, i.e.
www.gcaa.ae.

2.7.2 Operator Variations

EK (Emirates Airlines)

EK-01 An emergency response contact number provided by the shipper must be inserted in the Additional
Handling Information box of the Shipper's Declaration for Dangerous Goods (see 8.1.6.11 and 10.8.3.11).

2.8 EXERCISES FOR SECTION 2

a) A package that has visible frost or is very cold to touch may contain ……
a. Aerosols
b. Dry Ice
c. Flammable Liquid
b) Dangerous Goods Regulation, this Document from?
a) IATA
b) ICAO
c) IAEA
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 SECTION 3 — Classification

3.0.1 Classifying Dangerous Goods

3.0.1.1 Dangerous goods are defined as those goods which meet the criteria of one or more of nine UN
hazard classes and, where applicable, to one of three UN Packing Groups according to the provisions of
this section. The nine classes relate to the type of hazard whereas the packing groups relate to the
applicable degree of danger within the class.

3.0.2 Hazard Classes

3.0.2.1 Class 1 — Explosives

 Division 1.1 — Articles and substances having a mass explosion hazard.
 Division 1.2 — Articles and substances having a projection hazard but not a mass explosion hazard.
 Division 1.3 — Articles and substances having a fire hazard, a minor blast hazard and/or a minor
projection hazard but not a mass explosion hazard.
 Division 1.4 — Articles and substances presenting no significant hazard.
 Division 1.5 — Very insensitive substances having a mass explosion hazard.
 Division 1.6 — extremely insensitive articles which do not have a mass explosion hazard.

3.0.2.2 Class 2 — Gases

 Division 2.1 — Flammable gas.

 Division 2.2 — Non-flammable, non-toxic gas.
 Division 2.3 — Toxic gas.

3.0.2.3 Class 3 — Flammable Liquids

This class has no sub-divisions

3.0.2.4 Class 4 — Flammable Solids; Substances Liable to Spontaneous Combustion; Substances

Which, in Contact with Water, Emit Flammable Gases

 Division 4.1 — Flammable solids, self-reactive substances and solid desensitized explosives.
 Division 4.2 — Substances liable to spontaneous combustion.
 Division 4.3 — Substances which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases.

3.0.2.5 Class 5 — Oxidizing Substances and Organic Peroxides

 Division 5.1 — Oxidizer.

 Division 5.2 — Organic peroxides.

3.0.2.6 Class 6 — Toxic and Infectious Substances

 Division 6.1 — Toxic substances.

 Division 6.2 — Infectious substances.

3.0.2.7 Class 7 — Radioactive Material

This class has no sub-divisions.

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3.0.2.8 Class 8 — Corrosives

This class has no sub-divisions.

3.0.2.9 Class 9 — Miscellaneous Dangerous Goods

This class has no sub-divisions.

3.0.3 Packing Groups

3.0.3.1 Dangerous goods are assigned to the relevant packing group according to the degree of danger they
present:

 Packing Group I — High Danger

 Packing Group II — Medium Danger
 Packing Group III — Low Danger.

TABLE 3.3.A
Class 3 — Packing Group Assignment (3.3.2.2)

Packing Group *Flash Point (closed-cup) * Initial Boiling Point

I — ≤ 35°C
II < 23°C
> 35°C
III ≥ 23°C but ≤ 60°C

* INITIAL BOILING POINT the temperature at which the liquid under test first boils.

* FLASH POINT Is defined as the lowest temperature at which flammable vapour is given off a liquid in
a test vessel in sufficient concentration to be ignited in air when exposed momentarily to a source of
ignition. This does not mean the temperature at which a liquid ignites spontaneously.

3.1 EXERCISES FOR SECTION 3

a) How many packing group of DGR?

a) Packing Group I ……………………………

b) Packing Group II …………………………..
c) Packing Group III ………………………….
b) The Radioactive marital is Class?
a) Class 3
b) Class 4.3
c) Class 7

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COMPLETE LIST OF CLASSES AND DIVISIONS

Class/Division/Name Hazard Description Comments and/or

Cargo IMP Code Label Examples
CLASS 1 –
EXPLOSIVES
Division 1.1 Articles and
substances having
a mass explosion
REX hazard

Division 1.2

REX Articles and

substances having
a projection hazard THESE
EXPLOSIVES
ARE
NORMALLY
Division 1.3 FORBIDDEN
FOR
REX } when Articles and CARRIAGE
permitted substances having BY
a minor blast or AIR
RCX projection hazard e.g. TNT,
Dynamite or
RGX Torpedoes
Division 1.4

Articles and
REX substances which
present no
significant hazard

Division 1.5

Very insensitive
substances which
REX have a mass
explosion hazard

Division 1.6
Extremely
insensitive articles
which do not have
REX
a mass explosion
hazard

RXB
RXC
RXD Compatibility Group Assignment
RXE according to DGR Table 3.1.A, e.g.
RXG Distress signals, Fuse igniters

Note: Goods of Class 1 are assigned to one of six divisions AND to one of 13 compatibility groups which identify the kinds of
explosive articles and substances that are deemed compatible.

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RXS Articles and e.g. Ammunition for
substances which hand weapons, for
present no signal, Safety Fuses,
significant hazard. some types of
Effect from Fireworks, etc.
accidental
functioning is
confined within the
package.
CLASS 2 – GASES
Division 2.1 Any gas which, e.g. Butane,
Flammable gas when mixed with Hydrogen, Propane,
air in certain Acetylene, Lighters.
proportions, forms
RFG a flammable
mixture.

Division 2.2 Any non- e.g. Carbon dioxide,

Non-flammable flammable, non- Neon, Fire
non-toxic gas toxic gas or low- extinguisher,
temperature liquefied Nitrogen
RNG liquefied gas. or Helium.
RCL

Division 2.3 Gases known to be Most toxic gases are

Toxic gas toxic or corrosive forbidden for
to humans and carriage by air; some
RPG known to pose a are permitted, e.g.
health risk. Aerosols of low
toxicity, Tear gas
devices.

CLASS 3 – FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS

Class 3 Any liquid having e.g. Paint, Alcohols,
Flammable Liquid a closed cup flash some Adhesives,
point of 60°C or Acetone, Petrol, etc.
RFL below (DGR
Appendix A).

CLASS 4 –
FLAMMABLE SOLIDS,
Division 4.1 Any solid material, e.g. Matches,
Flammable solid which is readily Sulphur, Celluloid,
combustible, or Nitronaphthalene.
may cause or Note: Some are self-
RFS contribute to fire reactive.
through friction.

Division 4.2 Such substances e.g. White or Yellow

Spontaneously are liable to phosphorus,
Combustible spontaneous Magnesium
heating or to diamide.
heating up in
RSC contact with air
and then liable to
catch fire.

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Division 4.3 Substances, which, e.g. Calcium
Dangerous When Wet by interaction with carbide, Sodium.
water, are liable to
become
RFW spontaneously
flammable or to
give off flammable
gases.

CLASS 5 –
OXIDIZING SUBSTANCE ; ORGANIC PEROXIDE
Division 5.1 A substance that Ammonium nitrate
Oxidizer yields oxygen fertilizer, Calcium
readily to stimulate chlorate, Bleaches.
the combustion of
ROX other material.

Division 5.2 An organic Tert-Butyl

Organic Peroxide material (liquid or hydroperoxide listed
solid) that can be in Appendix C of
ignited readily by DGR
external flame and
ROP then burns with an
accelerating rate:
some substance
react dangerous
with others
CLASS 6 –
TOXIC (POISONOUS) SUBSTANCE;
INFECTIOUS SUBSTANCE
Division 6.1 Liquids or solids, e.g. Arsenic,
Toxic substance which are Nicotine, Cyanide,
dangerous, if Pesticides,
inhaled, swallowed Strychnine. Some
RPB or absorbed are totally forbidden,
through the skin. e.g. Bromoacetone.

Division 6.2 Substances which e.g. Virus, Bacteria,

Infectious are known or such as HIV
reasonably (AIDS), Rabies,
expected to contain some diagnostic
RIS pathogens and specimens,
cause disease in biological products
humans or in and Medical and
animals. Clinical waste.

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CLASS 7 –
RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL
Class 7 Radioactive e.g. Radionuclide or
Radioactive Material materials with low isotopes for medical
Category I — White radiation level on or industrial
the package purposes.
RRW surface. No
transport index
indicated.

Class 7 Radiation level e.g. Radionuclide or

Radioactive Material higher than isotopes for medical
Category II — Yellow Category I and a or industrial
transport index not purposes.
exceeding 1.
RRY

Class 7 Radiation level e.g. Radionuclide or

Radioactive Material higher than isotopes for medical
Category III — Yellow Category II and/or or industrial
a transport index purposes.
exceeding 1 but
not more than 10.
RRY

Class 7 Criticality Safety e.g. Fissile material:

Radioactive Material Index labels must be Uranium 233 and
Fissile used in addition to 235; Plutonium 239
the appropriate and 241.
Criticality Safety Index
radioactive labels to
provide control over
accumulation of
packages or
overpacks containing
fissile material.

CLASS 8 –
CORROSIVE
Class 8 A liquid or solid e.g. Battery acids,
Corrosive Material that will cause Mercury, Sulphuric
severe damage acid.
RCM when in contact
with living tissue
or, in the case of
leakage will
materially damage
or even destroy
other goods or the
means of transport.

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CLASS 9 –
MISCELLANEOUS DANGEROUS GOODS
CLASS 9 Any substance, e.g. Asbestos, Life
MISCELLANEOUS which presents a Rafts, Chain Saws,
DANGEROUS danger during air Internal Combustion
GOODS transportation that, Engines.
is not covered by
other classes.
RMD These include
Aviation regulated
Carbon dioxide,
solid (dry ice) has
Carbon Dioxide, a temperature of -
solid 79°C. On
Dry Ice sublimation it
produces a gas
heavier than air
ICE which in an
enclosed area and
in larger quantities
can lead to
suffocation.

3.4 EXERCISES FOR SECTION 3

c) Write the appropriate name following Class/Division numbers:

(a) Class 8 ………………………. .
(b) Class 9 ……………………….

d) What do the following IMP codes represent?

a) RFW ………………………
b) RFG ………………………
e) Write the name of this Label?

…………………………………..

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 SECTION 4 — Marking and Labeling
4.1 MARKING
For each package and overpack containing dangerous goods that requires marking, the shipper must:
1. check that the required marking is applied in the correct locations on the package and that it meets
the quality and specification requirements of the Regulations;
2. ensure that where specification packaging is required, the specification markings are as specified;
3. remove or obliterate any irrelevant marking;
4. Ensure that all of the required markings have been applied when the package is presented to the
operator.
There are two types of markings:
 Markings which identify the use of a particular packaging for a particular shipment. Every package
of dangerous goods must be marked with the proper shipping name, the UN or ID number, and the
full name and address of the shipper and consignee (DGR 7.1.5.1(a), (b)). All the other package
use marking requirements of DGR 7.1.5.1 (c) to (i) must be shown as applicable; and
 Markings which identify the design or specification of a packaging, i.e. UN specification
packagings markings or marking to indicate limited quantity packagings (“LTD QTY”).

4.2 Packaging Use Marking Requirements

As a minimum each package or overpack containing dangerous goods must be clearly marked to show:
 the proper shipping name(s);
 the applicable UN or ID Number(s); and
 the full name and address of the shipper and the consignee;

Example:
1 package contains:
Proper shipping name : Paint
UN Number : UN 1263
Shipper’s name and address in full : MacLean Chemicals PLC.
8 Old Kent Road
London E.C.1, England
Consignee’s name and address : Chemimport
Wiesengrund 6
D-50667 Köln 40
Germany

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4.3 UN Specification Marking

These packagings are subject to performance tests designed to ensure that the package design will not lose
any of their contents under normal transport conditions. The severity of the tests on a packaging is
dependent on the degree of danger of the intended contents. UN Specification packagings are normally
tested by an institute authorized by government authorities. They bear a UN specification marking.
Example of a UN Specification Marking:

= United Nations Packaging Symbol indicating that the package has been designed, tested and manufactured
according to the United Nations Specifications.
4G = The Packaging Type Code. “4G” indicates a fiberboard box.
X = The packing group designator. “X” identifies that the packaging has been tested for substances in Packing
Group I, “Y” for Packing Group II and “Z” for Packing Group III.
10 = The maximum permitted gross weight, in kilograms, of the package.
S = Indicates the package is used to contain solids or inner packagings.
XX = Shows the year in which the package was manufactured, e.g. “07”.
USA = Indicates the State authorizing the allocation of the mark.
T7402 =Name or identification mark of the manufacturer.

5.4 Overpacks
An overpack is an enclosure used by a single shipper to contain one or more packages to form one
handling unit for convenience of handling and stowage. Dangerous goods packages contained in an
overpack must be properly packed, marked, labeled and in proper condition as required by the
Regulations. The overpack must also be marked and labeled in accordance with the Regulations. A unit
load device is not included in this definition.
Examples of overpacks are:
A strong outside fiberboard box or drum, a wooden box or barrel, or a metal barrel or drum.

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4.5 LABELLING
Packages containing dangerous goods must be properly labeled to indicate their contents. There are two
types of labels:
 hazard labels; and
 Handling labels.
The shipper is responsible for labeling a package or overpack containing dangerous goods.
The operator is responsible only for replacing labels that become detached or unidentifiable during
transport.
4.5.1 Hazard Labels

4.5.2 Handling Labels

In addition to hazard labels, handling labels are used to provide information on the proper handling and
stowage of packages of dangerous goods.

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 Limited Quantity Environmental

Lithium Battery Lithium Battery Time Temp Label

Example of marking and labeling:

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4.6 EXERCISES FOR SECTION 4
a) What the name of handling labels?

…………….…… …………….……
b) How many types of labelling are there?
a) Hazard Labels
b) Hazard Labels and Handling Labels
c) Handling Labels

c) What the name of handling labels?

a) ……………………………………

b) …………….……………………

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 SECTION —Dangerous Goods Emergency Response
5.1 INTRODUCTION
Emergency procedures must be available wherever dangerous goods are handled. ICAO Annex 14 –
Aerodromes, Chapter 9 – Emergency and Other Services, requires that procedures be established by
airport authorities to deal with emergencies involving dangerous goods. In addition, requires that operators
provide information to flight crew and other employees, in the operator’s operations or other appropriate
manuals, on the action to be taken in the event of emergencies involving dangerous goods.
An example of emergency information for flight crew in relation to dangerous goods is the ICAO
publication Emergency Response Guidance for Aircraft Incidents Involving Dangerous Goods (Doc 9481-
AN/928), generally referred to as the “red book”.
Emergency response training is required for all categories of personnel, as specified in DGR Table 1.5.A.
The following basic procedures are given as an example.
It is important that you are familiar with your local requirements and are aware of all emergency contacts.
5.2 Procedures for Flight Crew
Emergency checklist for Flight Crew:
The ICAO Emergency Response Guide (red book) details them as:
 Follow aircraft emergency procedures for fire or smoke removal;
 “No smoking” sign on;
 Consider landing as soon as possible;
 Consider turning off non-essential electrical power;
 Determine source of smoke/fumes/fire;
 For dangerous goods incidents in the passenger cabin, see cabin crew checklist and coordinate
cockpit /cabin crew actions;
 Determine emergency response drill code (from NOTOC where available or from “red book”);
 Use guidance from aircraft emergency response drills chart (see 8.8 for example) to help with
incident; and
 If the situation permits, notify ATC of the dangerous goods being carried.
After landing
 Disembark passengers and crew before opening any cargo compartment doors;
 Inform ground personnel/emergency services of nature and location of dangerous goods; and
 Make appropriate entry in maintenance log.
5.3 Dangerous Goods in Cargo Holds:
Spillages or leakages from packages containing dangerous goods are unlikely to be detected during flight
unless they cause noticeable fumes in the passenger cabin or on the flight deck. In the event of leakage, the
air in the passenger cabin or on the flight deck may have become flammable, irritating or toxic. Non
Dangerous Goods Regulations 2018 CAT 9
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essential electrics should be turned off and smoking prohibited. Crew should also use full-face masks
(100% oxygen) or smoke hoods. Wherever possible passengers should be provided with wet towels or
cloths for use over the nose and mouth.
5.4 Cargo Compartment Class
Class A (B747)
1. Cargo compartment normally comprises the entire main deck compartment of a cargo aircraft.
Class B (B737 PAX & CARGO)
2. Much larger than a Class A cargo compartment and can be located in an area remote from the
flight deck. Found on “combi” aircraft between the flight deck and the passenger cabin or behind
the passenger cabin at the rear of the aircraft.
Class C (PAX B737, A320)
3. Cargo compartments are to be found under the passenger cabin floor on most jet transport aircraft.
Instead of being equipped with fire detection and extinguishing systems, these cargo compartments
are designed to control a fire by severely restricting the supply of oxygen. However, it must be
appreciated that certain dangerous goods are themselves oxygen producers. Therefore, it cannot be
assumed that a fire in this cargo compartment will necessarily self-extinguish.
Class D (F 50, B400, DH 8)
4. Small cargo compartments that may be located between the flight deck and the passenger cabin or
adjacent to the galley area or at the back of the aircraft.
Class E (A330F)
5. Larger than Class A or B and such cargo compartments are generally found under the floor in
wide-bodied aircraft. May have two fire extinguishing systems, enabling a second charge of
extinguishing to be fired into the cargo compartment sometime after the fire has initially been
controlled by the first charge.
5.5 PROCEDURES FOR LOAD PLANNERS
As identified, airport authorities and operators must have established emergency procedures that
incorporate provisions for the handling of spills of dangerous goods or other unidentified substances. The
applicable local and company emergency response procedures and the relevant emergency contact
telephone numbers must be made available to all employees.
General emergency procedures to be followed comprise the following in the event of a spill or leakage
involving dangerous goods:
 Advise immediate supervisor first and get professional assistance.
 Where safe to do so, isolate the package by removing other packages or property.
 Avoid contact with the contents of the package.
 If contents come in contact with body or clothes:
- thoroughly wash off body with plenty of water;

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 - remove contaminated clothes;
- keep hands away from eyes, mouth and nose;
- Seek medical assistance.
 Staff involved in such incidents should stay on site until their names are noted.
5.6 Incidents and Accidents
A dangerous goods accident is defined as an occurrence related to the transport of dangerous goods by air
that results in fatal or serious injury to a person or serious damage to property.
A dangerous goods incident is an occurrence, other than a dangerous goods accident, related to the
transport of dangerous goods by air, not necessarily happening on board an aircraft, which results in injury
to a person, property damage, fire breakage, spillage, leakage of fluid or radiation, or other evidence that
the integrity of the packaging has not been maintained. Any occurrence relating to the transport of
dangerous goods by air which seriously jeopardizes an aircraft or its occupants is also a dangerous goods
incident.
5.6.1 Reporting of Incidents and Accidents
In the event of:
1. an aircraft accident; or
2. serious incident, where dangerous goods carried as cargo may be involved,
the operator of the aircraft carrying dangerous goods as cargo must provide information, without delay, to
emergency services responding to the accident or serious incident about the dangerous goods on board, as
shown on the information to the pilot-in-command. As soon as possible, the operator must also provide
this information to the appropriate authorities of the State of the Operator and the State in which the
accident or serious incident occurred.
5.6.2 Reporting of Undeclared or Mis-declared Dangerous Goods
An operator must report any occasion when undeclared or mis-declared dangerous goods are discovered in
cargo. Such a report must be made to the appropriate authorities of the State of the operator and the State
in which this occurred. An operator must also report any occasion when dangerous goods not permitted
under DGR Section 2.3 are discovered in passengers’ baggage. Such a report must be made to the
appropriate authority of the State in which this occurred.

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5.7 Dangerous Goods Emergency Response Chart (Ground Incidents)
Immediate Action
Hazard Class / Division
Dangerous Goods Class Hazard Description Minimize leakage and
and Compatibility Group
contact with other cargo
1.3C Fire and minor blast hazard
1.3G and/or minor propulsive
hazard
Explosives Notify Fire
1.4B Fire,
(acceptable on Department
1.4C but no other
Cargo Aircraft only)
1.4D significant hazard
Guard against fire
1.4E
1.4G
1.4S Explosives (safety) Small fire hazard
2.1 Flammable Gas Ignites when leaking Notify Fire
2.2 Non-Flammable Gas High pressure cylinder Department
2.2 Cryogenic Liquid bursting Guard against fire
Sub cooling Evacuate goods –
2.3 Toxic Gas (acceptable High pressure cylinder ventilate area
on bursting
Cargo Aircraft only) and toxic inhalation Keep away
minimum 25 m
3 Flammable Liquid Gives off flammable vapour Notify Fire
4.1 Flammable Solid Combustible, contributes to Department
4.2 Spontaneously fire Guard against fire
4.3 Combustible Ignites in contact with air
Dangerous when wet Ignites in Contact with water Do NOT use water
under any
circumstances
5.1 Oxidizer Ignites combustibles on Notify Fire
5.2 Organic Peroxide contact Department
Reacts violently with other Guard against fire
substances Do NOT use water

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6.1 Toxic Substance Harmful if swallowed,
inhaled or
Isolate area
in contact with skin
Obtain qualified assistance
Do NOT touch
6.2 Infectious Substance Causes disease in
Keep away minimum 25
Humans and Animals
m
7 Cat I Radioactive – White Radiation hazards and
7 Cat II/III Radioactive – Yellow harmful to health
8 Corrosive Hazardous to skin and Notify Fire Department
metal Guard against fire
Avoid contact with skin
9 Polymeric Beads Evolves small quantities Avoid contact with skin
of flammable gas No immediate action
Magnetized Material Affects navigation required
Carbon dioxide, solid system
(Dry Ice) Causes sub
Miscellaneous cooling/suffocation
Dangerous
Goods Hazards not covered by
other classes

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 5.8 AIRCRAFT EMERGENCY RESPONSE DRILLS

1. COMPLETE APPROPRIATE AIRCRAFT EMERGENCY PROCEDURES.

2. CONSIDER LANDING AS SOON AS PRACTICABLE.
3. USE DRILL FROM THE CHART BELOW.
Risk Spill or leak Firefighting Additional
Drill No. Inherent risk Risk aircraft
occupants procedure procedure considerations
1 Explosion may Fire and/or As indicated by Use 100% oxygen; no All agents Possible abrupt
cause structural explosion the drill letter(s) smoking according to loss of
failure availability; use pressurization
standard fir
procedure
2 Gas, non- Minimal As indicated by Use 100% oxygen All agents Possible abrupt
flammable. the drill letter(s) establish and maintain according to loss of
Pressure may maximum ventilation availability; use pressurization
create hazard in for “A”, “I” or “P” drill standard fire
fire letter procedure
3 Flammable liquid Fire and/or Smoke, fumes Use 100% oxygen All agents Possible abrupt
or solid explosion and heat, and establish and maintain according to loss of
as indicated by maximum ventilation; availability; no pressurization
the drill letter(s) no smoking; minimum water on “W” drill
electrics letter
4 Spontaneously Fire and/or Smoke, fumes Use 100% oxygen; All agents Possible abrupt
combustible or explosion and heat, and establish and maintain according to loss of
pyrophoric when as indicated by maximum ventilation availability; no pressurization;
exposed to air the drill letter(s) water on “W” drill minimum
letter electrics if “F” or
“H” drill letter
5 Oxidizer, may Fire and/or Eye, nose and Use 100% oxygen; All agents Possible abrupt
ignite other explosion, throat irritation; establish and maintain according to loss of
materials, may possible skin damage maximum ventilation availability; no pressurization
explode in heat of corrosion on contact water on “W” drill
a fire damage letter
6 Toxic, may be Contamination Acute toxicity, Use 100% oxygen; All agents Possible abrupt
fatal if inhaled, with toxic effects may be establish and maintain according to loss of
ingested, or liquid or solid delayed maximum ventilation; availability; no pressurization;
absorbed by shin do not touch without water on “W” drill minimum
gloves letter electrics if “F” or
“H” drill letter
7 Radiation from Contamination Exposure to Do not move All agents Call for a
broken/unshielded with spilled radiation, and packages; avoid according to qualified person
packages radioactive personnel contact availability to meet the
material contamination aircraft
8 Corrosive, fumes Possible Eye, nose and Use 100% oxygen; All agents Possible abrupt
disabling if corrosion throat irritation; establish and maintain according to loss of
inhaled or in damage skin damage maximum ventilation; availability; no pressurization;
contact with skin on contact do not touch without water on “W” drill minimum
gloves letter electrics if “F” or
“H” drill letter
9 No general As indicated As indicated by Use 100% oxygen; All agents If “Z” drill letter,
inherent risk by the drill the drill letter establish and maintain according to consider landing
letter maximum ventilation if availability; use immediately;
“A” drill letter water if available otherwise, none
on “Z” drill letter; no
water on “W” drill
letter

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 Risk Spill or leak Firefighting Additional
Drill No. Inherent risk Risk aircraft
occupants procedure procedure considerations
10 Gas, flammable, Fire and/or Smoke, fumes Use 100% oxygen; All agents Possible abrupt
high fire risk if any explosion and heat, and establish and maintain according to loss of
ignition source as indicated by maximum ventilation; availability Pressurization
present the drill letter no smoking; minimum
electrics
11 Infectious Contamination Delayed Do not touch. All agents Call for a
substances may with infectious infection to Minimum recirculation according to qualified person
effect humans or substances humans or and ventilation in availability. No to meet the
animals if inhaled, animals affected area water on “Y” drill aircraft
ingested or letter
absorbed through
the membrane or
an open wound
Drill Drill
Additional risk Additional risk
Letter Letter
A Anesthetic N Noxious
C Corrosive P Toxic * (Poison)
E Explosive S Spontaneously combustible or pyrophoric
F Flammable W If wet gives off poisonous flammable gas
H Highly ignitable X Oxidizer
I Irritant / tear producing Y Depending on the type of infectious substance, the appropriate
L Other risk low or none national authority may be required to quarantine individuals,
M Magnetic animals, cargo and the aircraft.
Z Aircraft Cargo fire suppression system may not extinguish or
contain the fire; consider landing immediately

-------------------------------------
* Toxic has the same meaning as poison

5.9 DANGEROUS GOODS TRAINING, Last Update From ICAO Doc. 10002/AN/502 Cabin Crew
Safety Training Manual

5.9.1 Dangerous Goods are defined:

as articles or substances which are capable of posing a risk to health, safety, property or the environment
and which are shown in the list of dangerous goods in the Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of
Dangerous Goods by Air (Doc 9284) or which are classified according to those Instructions.
Dangerous goods training focuses on the successful application of regulations concerning the transport of
dangerous goods and the achievement of their objectives, which are greatly dependent on the appreciation
by all individuals concerned of the risks involved and on a detailed understanding of the regulations.
Personnel must be trained in the requirements commensurate with their responsibilities. Such training must
include:
a) General Familiarization Training — which must be aimed at providing familiarity with the
general provisions;
b) Function-Specific Training — which must provide detailed training in the requirements
applicable to the function for which that person is responsible; and
c) Safety Training — which must cover the hazards presented by dangerous goods, safe handling and
emergency response procedures.

5.9.2 CONTENT OF DANGEROUS GOODS TRAINING

Content of dangerous goods training for cabin crew members includes:
a) General Philosophy;
b) Limitations;
c) Labelling and Marking;
d) Recognition of Undeclared Dangerous Goods;
e) Provisions for Passengers and Crew; and
Dangerous Goods Regulations 2018 CAT 9
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 f) Emergency Procedures.

5.9.3 COMPETENCY-BASED TRAINING RELATED TO DANGEROUS GOODS

The following sections provide detailed guidance for the development of competency-based training for
cabin crew members to perform duties and responsibilities related to dangerous goods. These
competencies are derived from the ICAO competency framework for cabin crew duties and
responsibilities related to dangerous goods

 UNIT 1
COMPETENCY – PERFORM DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES RELATED TO THE SAFE
TRANSPORT OF PERMITTED DANGEROUS GOODS IN THE CABIN
The competencies described below relate to duties and responsibilities that are performed by a cabin crew
member to identify and manage dangerous goods found in the cabin during normal operations.

1.1 Competency element: Apply procedures for permitted dangerous goods by passengers and crew

Performance criteria:
1.1.1 Identify the item
1.1.2 Assess restrictions
1.1.3 Allow the item to remain on board, if the restriction requirements are met

Skills
a) Communication; ‫التواصل‬
b) Decision-making; and ‫اتخاذ القرارات‬
c) Situational Awareness ‫الوعي الظرفي‬
d) Teamwork and Leadership; and ‫العمل ضمن فريق‬
e) Planning and Coordinating Resources (for in-charge cabin crew member).
‫تخطيط الموارد والتنسيقها بالنسبة للمسؤول‬

Performance standard
Provide a verbal or written description of the applicable procedure. This may include, but is not limited to:
a) Identifying the item by determining if it meets the criteria of a dangerous good;
b) Assessing the restrictions as per the Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous
Goods (Doc. 9284, Table 8-1 – Provisions for Dangerous Goods) and any operator-specific
restrictions; and
c) Allowing the item to remain on board, if restriction requirements are met (i.e. packaging, handling,
quantity, and permitted carriage as carry-on baggage or on one’s person).

Knowledge
a) General philosophy;
b) Limitations, including permitted carriage;
c) Labelling, marking and packaging;
d) Recognition of undeclared dangerous goods; and
e) Provisions for passengers and crew.

1.2 Competency element: Apply procedures for forbidden dangerous goods found on board on the
ground

Performance criteria:
1.2.1 Identify the item
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 1.2.2 Assess restrictions
1.2.3 Notify the flight crew/in-charge cabin crew member/ground personnel
1.2.4 Ensure the item is removed from the aircraft
1.2.5 If the item is re-boarded, verify that the item is permitted and verify compliance before door
closure

Performance standard
Provide a verbal or written description of the applicable procedure. This may include, but is not limited to:
a) Once the item is found, identify the dangerous good by hazard label or suspicious characteristics
including emission of odour or leakage;
b) If an item of dangerous goods is found, attempt to locate the owner;
c) Confirm content with the owner/passenger and assess the potential hazards;
d) Determine if the item is permitted in the cabin using available resources (e.g. operations manual,
dangerous goods specialist/coordinator);
e) Notify the flight crew and in-charge cabin crew member and ground personnel providing details
including UN number/name (if available), location, and description;
f) If item is not permitted, coordinate with ground personnel to remove the item from the aircraft, if
applicable;
g) If item is permitted with exceptions, verify compliance for carriage on board; and
h) Manage passenger(s), if necessary.

Knowledge
a) Understanding the hazards of dangerous goods to the safe operations of flight;
b) Recognition of dangerous goods hazard labels and different classes of dangerous goods;
c) Awareness of standard operating procedures, when dangerous goods are found in the cabin;
d) Awareness of the limitations in the transport of dangerous goods, i.e. provisions for passenger and
crew;
e) Awareness of the various dangerous goods resources available, e.g. dangerous goods coordinators,
operations manual; and
f) Awareness of procedures that include rapid disembarkation if dangerous goods pose a risk to the
aircraft and occupants.

1.3 Competency element: Apply procedures for forbidden dangerous goods found on board during
flight

Performance criteria:
1.3.1 Identify the item
1.3.2 Assess restrictions
1.3.3 Notify the flight crew/in-charge cabin crew member
1.3.4 Determine if the item can be safely moved
1.3.5 Remove the item
1.3.6 Secure and isolate the item
1.3.7 Review emergency procedures for possible incident related to specific item
1.3.8 Ensure the item is removed at the next destination

Performance standard
Provide a verbal or written description of the applicable procedure. This may include, but is not limited to:
a) If an item of dangerous goods is found, attempt to locate the owner;
b) Confirm the contents with the owner/passenger and assess the potential hazards;
c) Determine if the item is permitted on board using available resources (e.g. operations manual,
flight dispatch);
d) Notify the flight crew and in-charge cabin crew, providing details including UN number/name
(if available), location and description;
e) When necessary, coordinate with the flight crew to determine if the dangerous good item can
be safely moved;
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 f) Retrieve the necessary equipment;
g) If necessary, ensure the item is relocated as per operator’s procedures;
h) Apply operator’s procedures related to the dangerous goods item;
i) Maintain continuous communication with the flight deck crew and in-charge cabin crew;
j) Manage passengers as necessary;
k) Apply the procedures for a rapid disembarkation, if necessary; and
l) Coordinate the removal of the item upon landing.

Knowledge
a) Understanding the hazards of dangerous goods to the safe operations of flight;
b) Recognition of dangerous goods hazard labels and different classes of dangerous goods;
c) Awareness of standard operating procedures, when dangerous goods are found in the cabin;
d) Awareness of the limitations in the transport of dangerous goods, i.e. provisions for passenger and
crew;
e) Awareness of the various dangerous goods resources available, e.g. Emergency Response
Guidance for Aircraft Incidents Involving Dangerous Goods (Doc 9481), dangerous goods
coordinators, operations manual;
f) Knowledge of emergency procedures managing a dangerous goods incident in-flight; and
g) Awareness of rapid disembarkation procedures if dangerous goods pose a risk to the aircraft and
occupants.

 UNIT 2
COMPETENCY – PERFORM DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES RELATED TO DANGEROUS
GOODS INCIDENTS DURING FLIGHT

2.1 Competency element: Apply procedures in case of fire involving dangerous goods
Performance criteria:

2.1.1 Notify the flight crew/in-charge cabin crew member

2.1.2 Determine the source of smoke/fumes/fire
2.1.3 Identify the item
2.1.4 Apply firefighting procedure
2.1.5 Use the appropriate fire extinguisher
2.1.6 After landing, identify to ground personnel dangerous goods item and where located
2.1.7 Complete the applicable documentation

Performance standard
a) Monitor the cabin to detect any potential carriage of dangerous goods;
b) If smoke or fumes is discovered, determine the source, and identify the item;
c) If fire is discovered, apply firefighting procedures as referenced in Chapter 6, using appropriate fire
extinguisher;
d) Apply communication procedures. These may include, but are not limited to:
1. back-up duties;
2. crew coordination; and
3. informing cabin crew members, the flight crew and passengers about the situation;
e) Manage passengers and cabin, as required. This may include, but is not limited to:
1. relocating passengers;
2. reassuring passengers;
3. instructing passengers to breathe into a cloth (cover nose and mouth); and
4. relocating equipment such as oxygen bottles, if required; and
f) Apply post-firefighting procedures.

Knowledge
a) Identification of the different classes of dangerous goods;
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 b) Operator procedures that must be applied to deal with any on-board fire;
c) Understanding techniques and procedures for fighting fires as referenced in Chapter 6; and
d) Procedures for completing the applicable documentation, such as an incident report form.

2.2 Competency element: Apply procedures in case of fire involving a PED or stand-alone lithium
batteries

Performance criteria:
2.2.1 Notify the flight crew/in-charge cabin crew member
2.2.2 Identify the item
2.2.3 Apply firefighting procedure
2.2.4 Use appropriate fire extinguisher
2.2.5 Remove external electrical power from PED, if applicable
2.2.6 Douse PED with water (or other non-flammable liquid)
2.2.7 Leave PED in its place and monitor to prevent re-ignition
2.2.8 Remove (turn off) power to remaining electrical outlets, if PED was previously plugged in
2.2.9 Complete the applicable documentation

Performance standard
a) Apply firefighting procedures as referenced in Chapter 6 and use appropriate firefighting and
protective equipment:
1. Use Hualon to extinguish the fire in the device and prevent the fire from spreading to
surrounding areas;
2. Then use water, or other non-flammable liquid, to cool the device to prevent re-ignition;
b) Apply communication procedures. These may include, but are not limited to:
1. back-up duties;
2. crew coordination; and
3. informing cabin crew members, the flight crew and passengers about the situation;
c) Manage passengers and cabin, as required. This may include, but is not limited to:
1. relocating passengers;
2. reassuring passengers;
3. instructing passengers to breathe into a cloth (cover nose and mouth); and
4. relocating equipment such as oxygen bottles, if required; and
d) Apply post-firefighting procedure.

Knowledge
a) Knowledge of the different aspects of battery fires versus other types of fires and the possibility of
reignition of battery fires;
b) Understanding fire prevention techniques and limitations on passengers recharging batteries;
c) Use of water extinguishers or other liquids to cool the device and prevent additional battery cells
from re-igniting;
d) Understanding that the liquid used to douse the device should be non-alcoholic liquids (ice should
not be used as this will not cool the battery as required);
e) understanding of electrical systems or outlets and how the system can be powered down, or power
removed, by either the flight deck or cabin crew; and
f) Procedures for completing the applicable documentation, such as an incident report form.

2.3 Competency element: Apply procedures in case of spillage or leakage involving dangerous goods

Performance criteria:
2.3.1 Notify the flight crew
2.3.2 Identify the item
2.3.3 Use appropriate equipment, as required
2.3.4 Manage passengers and cabin, as required
2.3.5 Identify appropriate responses for the item of dangerous goods and contaminated furnishings
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 2.3.6 Stow the item as per operator procedures
2.3.7 Cover spillage or leakage and affected area
2.3.8 Maintain communication with flight and cabin crew
2.3.9 Monitor stowed item and contaminated furnishings
2.3.10 after landing, identify the item and its location to the ground personnel
2.3.11 Complete the applicable documentation

Performance standard
a) Notify the flight crew of spillage;
b) Identify the item. Gather relevant information from the passenger or package including UN
number/name (if available), description and location;
c) Communicate information to the flight crew and the other cabin crew members;
d) Use appropriate equipment, as required, for handling the item. Appropriate equipment or resources
may include: polyethylene bags, blankets, fire-resistant gloves, protective clothing, protective
breathing equipment and biohazard equipment, if available;
e) Manage passengers and cabin, as required. Passengers should be moved away from area, if
possible. Adjustment of ventilation should be considered;
f) Identify appropriate responses for the item of dangerous goods and contaminated furnishings as per
Table 4.1 of Emergency Response Guidance for Aircraft Incidents Involving Dangerous Goods
(Doc 9481);
g) Stow the item as per the operator procedures;
h) Cover spillage or leakage and affected area as per operator procedures;
i) Maintain communication with flight and cabin crew;
j) Monitor stowed items and contaminated furnishings as per operator procedures;
k) After landing, identify the item and its location to the ground personnel;
l) Complete the applicable documentation as per operator procedures; and
m) Ensure personal decontamination.

Knowledge
a) Location and utilization of available resources and references on board to help identify the
dangerous goods (e.g. operations manual or Emergency Response Guidance for Aircraft Incidents
Involving Dangerous Goods (Doc 9481));
b) Location and utilization of available equipment for managing dangerous good spillage or leakage;
c) Operator standard operating procedures for managing dangerous goods spillage or leakage;
d) The importance of communication between the flight crew and cabin crew to ensure coordination
of all actions related to the spillage or leakage; and
e) Applicable documentation requirements.

Skills
a) Communication; ‫التواصل‬
b) Decision-making; and ‫اتخاذ القرارات‬
c) Situational Awareness ‫الوعي الظرفي‬
d) Teamwork and Leadership; and ‫العمل ضمن فريق‬
e) Planning and Coordinating Resources (for in-charge cabin crew member).
‫تخطيط الموارد والتنسيقها بالنسبة للمسؤول‬

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5.10 EXERCISES FOR SECTION 5

a) After landing of emergency case, Disembark passengers and crew?

a. True
b. False
b) In case of Emergency during flight, how is first notify?
a. ATC
b. Pilot
c. FOO/FD
c) Emergency Response Guidance (Red Book) document from?
a) IATA
b) ICAO
c) Sudan CAA

End

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