Math AA HL Paper 3 Practice Set 2 Topics 1-3

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5. [Maximum mark: 24] Try this one after we learn about complex numbers.

This question asks you to investigate the application of complex numbers to geometry.

(a) Show that, when a complex number 𝑧 is multiplied by i, the number ′ s position in the complex
𝜋
plane is rotated anticlockwise about the origin. [4]
2

The diagram below shows an arbitrary quadrilateral with squares with centres 𝑃, 𝑄, 𝑅, 𝑆 drawn on
each side. Van Aubel′s theorem states that 𝑃𝑅 ⊥ 𝑄𝑆 and 𝑃𝑅 = 𝑄𝑆.

Q
R

In the diagram below, the quadrilateral and squares are superimposed on the complex plane.

B 2(a+b)
C
2a

2(a+b+c)
A

0 = 2(a+b+c+d)
D

(b) (i) Explain why 𝐵 = 2𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑏i.

(ii) Express 𝐴, 𝐶, 𝐷 in terms of 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, 𝑑. [6]

(c) Show that 𝑃𝑅 ⊥ 𝑄𝑆 and 𝑃𝑅 = 𝑄𝑆. [7]

(d) Determine whether 𝑃𝑅 and 𝑄𝑆 necessarily bisect each other. [7]

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5.
(a) |i𝑧| = |i||𝑧| = |𝑧| 𝑀1𝐴1
𝜋
arg(i𝑧) = arg(i) + arg(𝑧) = arg(𝑧) + 𝑀1𝐴1
2
(b) (i) To move from 0 to 𝐵,
we move from 0 to 2𝑎, 𝑅1
then move half the displacement to 2(𝑎 + 𝑏), which is 𝑏, 𝑅1
𝜋
then move 𝑏 rotated anticlockwise , which is 𝑏i. 𝑅1
2
(ii) 𝐴 = 𝑎 + 𝑎i 𝐴1
𝐶 = 2𝑎 + 2𝑏 + 𝑐 + 𝑐i 𝐴1
𝐷 = 2𝑎 + 2𝑏 + 2𝑐 + 𝑑 + 𝑑i 𝐴1
(c) 𝐶 − 𝐴 = 𝑎 + 2𝑏 + 𝑐 + 𝑐i − 𝑎i 𝑀1
= 𝑏 − 𝑑 + 𝑐i − 𝑎i 𝐴1
𝐵 − 𝐷 = −𝑏 + 𝑏i − 2𝑐 − 𝑑 − 𝑑i 𝑀1
= 𝑎 − 𝑐 + 𝑏i − 𝑑i 𝐴1
= i(𝑏 − 𝑑 + 𝑐i − 𝑎i) 𝐴1
= i(𝐶 − 𝐴) 𝐴1
𝜋
𝐵 − 𝐷 is 𝐶 − 𝐴 rotated anticlockwise about the origin ⇒ 𝑃𝑅 ⊥ 𝑄𝑆 and 𝑃𝑅 = 𝑄𝑆 𝑅1𝐴𝐺
2
1 1
(d) (𝐴 + 𝐶) = (3𝑎 + 2𝑏 + 𝑐 + i(𝑎 + 𝑐)) 𝑀1𝐴1
2 2
1 1 1
(𝐵 + 𝐷) = (4𝑎 + 3𝑏 + 2𝑐 + 𝑑 + i(𝑏 + 𝑑)) = (3𝑎 + 2𝑏 + 𝑐 + i(𝑏 + 𝑑)) 𝑀1𝐴2
2 2 2
𝑎 + 𝑐 is not necessarily equal to 𝑏 + 𝑑. 𝑅1
𝑃𝑅 and 𝑄𝑆 do not necessarily bisect each other. 𝐴1