Chapter II.

Review of the Related literature

1. Literature ( books, references, journals )

2. Studies (another thesis, foreign or local

In this chapter, we have highlighted the importance of conducting a review of related literature and
studies and outlined the purpose of the review. We have also mentioned the significance of critically
analyzing the existing literature and studies to contribute new insights to the field.

Related Literature
To examine the influence of Facebook on the intimacy level of parent-child relationship, 17 parent-child pairs
were interviewed respectively. Findings revealed that the increased intimacy was due to a deeper mutual trust,
a smaller intergenerational gap, equality and a lack of policing behavior from parents. The results supported
the cues filtered out approach of computer-mediated communication in which Facebook facilitates
communication of affection while reducing the feelings of awkwardness. This study further proposes that
equalization phenomenon observed as the reduced of social status cues propels both parents and child to
communicate with each other as equal-leveled individuals on Facebook. Overall, the findings suggest that the
Internet has become a new and positive mean of communication between parents and child.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/
283813955_Welcome_to_Facebook_How_Facebook_Influences_Parent-Child_Relationship

According to the journal established by Kanter, M. F., Afifi, T. D., and Robbins, S. (2012) that
"Friending " his or her child on Facebook impacted the parent-child connection and views on
parental intrusions into privacy. Having a parent on Facebook did not lead to perceptions of
increased privacy violations but was linked to reduced conflict in the parent-child relationship.
Moreover, when the parent and child had a more contentious relationship before the guardian
joined Facebook, the parent's presence on Facebook also strengthened the child's bond with the
parent.
Kanter, M., Afifi, T., & Robbins, S. (2012). The Impact of Parents “Friending” Their Young Adult Child on Facebook on
Perceptions of Parental Privacy Invasions and Parent–Child Relationship Quality. Journal of Communication, 62, 900-917.
https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1460-2466.2012.01669.X.

New parents’ Facebook use was examined from a social capital perspective. Surveys regarding Facebook use and
parenting satisfaction, parenting self-efficacy, and parenting stress were completed by 154 mothers and 150 fathers
as part of a larger study of dual-earner, Mid-western U.S. couples making the transition to parenthood. Results
indicated that mothers used Facebook more than fathers, and that mothers perceived an increase in use over the
transition. When more of mothers’ Facebook friends were family members or relatives, and when fathers reported
connecting with more of their Facebook friends outside of Facebook, they reported better parental adjustment. For
mothers, however, more frequent visits to Facebook accounts and more frequent content management were each
associated with higher levels of parenting stress.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3650729/

Related Studies

Social media sites such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and YouTube play a vital role to adolescents in
this generation, as these help them to maintain connection, social interaction to the people around them
and entertainment as well. Despite the convenience that social media bring into millennials, their
increasing time consumed in social media sites serve as the rise of parent-child relationship problem due
to the teenagers’ improper usage of social media through posting their personal issues on their
respective social media accounts, involving in risky social media activities, etc.

https://www.dlsu.edu.ph/wp-content/uploads/pdf/conferences/research-congress-proceedings/2017/
LLI/LLI-I-004.pdf

Communication through social media characterizes modern lifestyles and relationships, including family
interactions. The present study aims at deepening the role that parents’ perceptions about social media effects
on family systems can exert within their family functioning, specifically referring to the relationship between
collective family efficacy and open communications within family systems with adolescents. A questionnaire
to detect the openness of family communications, the collective family efficacy, and the perceptions about the
impacts of social media on family systems was administered to 227 Italian parents who had one or more
teenage children, and who use Facebook and WhatsApp to communicate with them. From the results, these
perceptions emerge as a mediator in the relationship between the collective family efficacy and the openness of
communications, suggesting that it is not only the actual impact of social media on family systems that matters
but also parents’ perceptions about it and how much they feel able to manage their and their children’s social
media use without damaging their family relationships. Thus, the need to foster parents’ positive perceptions
about social media’s potential impact on their family relationships emerges. A strategy could be the promotion
of knowledge on how to functionally use social media.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6950110/

Hood, R., Zabatiero, J., Zubrick, S. R., Silva, D., & Straker, L. (2021). The association of mobile touch screen

device use with parent-child attachment: a systematic review. Ergonomics, 64(12), 1606–1622.

https://doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2021.1948617

Despite the ubiquitous use of social media platforms by people of all ages, there is limited
synthesis of evidence on their effect on family connectedness. This systematic review
assesses the quantitative evidence around relationship between social media use and
family connectedness. We searched articles published between January 2010 and April
2020. Nine of the 14 included studies examined the effect of social media on parent-child
communication, while the rest explored the effect on broader family relationships. Overall
evidence is mixed, highlighting some aspects of social media use that may strengthen
family connectedness, while others that may negatively impact meaningful interactions
within families. This review illustrates the complex nature of this research domain with
limited consensus on how to measure family connectedness in context of social media use.
We discuss the limitations of the studies and the greater need for high-quality research in
the fast-paced world of social media.

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/14614448211016885