SOCIOLOGY

OPTIONAL
UNIT-7B (Lecture-31) | POLITICS AND SOCIETY–
Power Elite, Bureaucracy, Pressure Groups and
Political Parties
CHAPTER 7: POLITICS AND SOCIETY
UPSC PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS
➢ Illustrate with examples the role of pressure groups in the formulation of Social
Policies. (2021, 10 Marks, 150 Words)

➢ Explain how political parties and pressure groups are dialectically related to each other
in terms of achieving their goals. (2021, 20 marks, 250 words)

➢ Examine the dynamics of pressure groups in multi-party political system. (2017, 20

marks, 250 words)

➢ Distinguish between political parties and pressure groups. (2014, 10 Marks, 150 Words)
1. Pressure Groups/Interest Groups
➢ Introduction:

➢ Formal Definition: Association of people who have common interests and try
to achieve their interests by influencing government.

➢ Examples:
1.1 Characteristics of Pressure Groups/Interest Groups
1.2 Types of PGs/IGs
1.3 Pressure Groups/Interest Groups: More Information
➢ Methods:

➢ Functions:

➢ Problems/Dysfunctions:
2. Political Party
➢ Introduction:

➢ Formal Definition: Max Weber defines Political party as, “an organized structure which
promotes candidates, contest elections for aim of capturing power”.

➢ Examples:
2.1 Political Parties: More Information
➢ Characteristics:

➢ Functions:
2.2 Types of Political Parties
2.3 More Information Related Information: Comparative Analysis
PRESSURE GROUPS POLITICAL PARTIES
3. Party System
Thank You