ENGLISH TENSES

Yusmalinda, M. Pd
STBA PRAYOGA
 PARTS OF SPEECH

Noununs Pronounss
a word that names a person, words you substitute for
place, concept, or object e.g. specific nouns when the
Jack, Padang, translation reader or listener already
and chalk knows which specific noun
Verbs you’re referring to (She, they)

Adjectivess
the words that describe noun
(smart, small, pale).
Verbs
words that describe specific
actions or situations/states
e.g. walk, dig, work, love, hate
and have
 PARTS OF SPEECH

Adverbs Conjunctions
a word that describes an Connect words, phrases or
adjective, a verb, or another clauses (and, but, or , so etc.)
adverb. (well, slowly, gladly)

Prepositions Articles
the relationships between definite
other words in a sentence (in, articles (THE)and indefinit
at , on, of, above, under, etc.) e articles (A AND AN)
IDENTIFY THE PART OF SPEECH OF THE
FOLLOWING WORDS!

1. Joe runs fast.

N V Ad
2. They work in the garden.
Pron V Prep. Art. N
3. Jane and her sister look beautiful.
ENGLISH TENSES
PRESENT TIME PAST TIME FUTURE TIME

1. Simple Present 1. Simple Past 1. Simple Future

2. Present 2. Past Progressive 2. Future Progressive

Progressive/continuous

3. Present Perfect 3. Past Perfect 3. Future Perfect

4. Present Perfect 4. Past Perfect 4. Future Perfect

progressive Progressive Progressive
SIMPLE PRESENT
Events or situations which happened in the past,
happens in the present and will happen in the future.

Past Now Future

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 FUNCTIONS:
1. Daily activities

Statement Negative Question

1. Ann rides every day. 1. Ann doesn’t ride every 1. Does Ann ride
day. everyday?
Answer: Yes, she does or
No, she doesn’t.
2. They meet every 2. They don’t meet 2. Do they meet every
afternoon. every afternoon. afternoon? Yes, they do
or No they don’t
Question:
1. What do you do every morning?
 2. Habitual Activities

Statement Negative Question

1. Sandy plays soccer on 1. . Sandy doesn’t play 1. Does Sandy play

Sundays. soccer on Sundays. soccer on Sundays?
Answer: Yes, he does or
No, he doesn’t.
2. They often meet at 2. They often don’t meet 2. Do they often meet at
the weekend. at the weekend the weekend.? Yes, they
do ,or No they don’t
 1. What do you usually do on Sundays?
3. General truths/facts

Statement Negative Question

1. It snows in USA. 1. It doesn’t snow in 1. Does it snow in

Indonesia. Korea?
Answer: Yes, it does or
No, it doesn’t.
QUESTION:
1. Tell me one fact or general truth that you know.
 4. Present Situation

Statement Negative Question

1. The teacher looks 1. The teacher doesn’t 1. Does the teacher look
pale. look good. pale?
Answer: Yes, he does or
No, he doesn’t.
2. I am hungry. 2. I am not hungry. 2. Are you hungry?
Yes, I am or No, I am not
QUESTION
1. Tell me your present situation.
For example: I am very happy now.
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
Actions which are happening right now or at the
moment of speaking

Now

Start finish?
X X
Statement Negative Question

1. Look. Susan is smiling 1. Look. Susan isn’t 1. Is Susan smiling at

. smiling me?
Answer: Yes, she is or
No, she isn’t.
2. Shhhh. The babies are 2. The babies aren’t 2. Are the babies
sleeping now. sleeping now. sleeping now?
Yes, they are or No,
they aren’t
QUESTION
 1. What are you doing right now?
For example: I’m sitting at my desk.
2. Sally usually (sit) _________ next to me, but
she (sit) _________ next to Jane now.
 SIMPLE PAST
 activities or situations that began and ended in
the past (e.g., yesterday, last night, two days
ago, in 1999 )

 X



Forms of the Simple Past

Statement I-You-She-It-We-They worked yesterday.

Negative I-You-She-It-We did not (didn’t) work yesterday.

Question Did I-you-she-he-it-we-they work yesterday?

Short answer Yes, I-you-she-he-it-we – they did or

I-you-she-he-it-we – they didn’t
QUESTION
 1. What did you last weekend?
Forms of simple Past: Be

Statement I-She-It was in class yesterday.

They- We- You were in class yesterday.

Negative I-She-It was not (wasn’t) in class yesterday.

They- We- You were not (weren’t) in class yesterday.

Question Was I-she-it in class yesterday?

Were they- we- you in class yesterday?
Short answer Yes, I -she-he-it was or No, I -she-he-it wasn’t
Yes, we-they-you were or No, we-they-you weren’t
QUESTION
 1. Where were you last weekend?
 PAST PROGRESSIVE
 expresses an activity that was in progress
(was occurring, was happening, at a point of
time in the past (e.g., at 6:10) or at the time of
another action (e.g., when Tom came)

 X X

 I sat down at the dinner table at 6:00 P.M.
yesterday. Tom came to my house at 6:10 P.M.
I was eating dinner when Tom came.

I went to bed at 10:OO. The phone rang at 11:OO.
I was sleeping when the phone rang.
 When the phone rang, I was sleeping.
 when = at that time

 The phone rang while I was sleeping.

 while = during that time

(e) and (f) have the same meaning
Forms of the Past Progressive

Statement I-She-It was working.

They- We- You were working.

Negative I-She-It was not (wasn’t) working.

They- We- You were not (weren’t) working
Question Was I-she-it working?
Were they- we- you working?
Short answer Yes, I -she-he-it was or No, I -she-he-it wasn’t
Yes, we-they-you were or No, we-they-you weren’t
QUESTION
 What were you doing at 6 A.M. this morning?
FUTURE TIME (WILL AND BE GOING TO)
 W ill and be going to express future time and
often have essentially the same meaning.
a) Jack will finish his work tomorrow.
b) Jack is going to finish his work tomorrow.

X
Forms of Be Going to

Statement She-He-It is going to be late today.

They-We-You are going to be late today.
I am going to be late today.
Negative She-He-It isn’t going to be late today.
They-We-You aren’t going to be late today.
I am not going to be late today.

Question Is she-he-it is going to be late today?

Are they-we-you are going to be late today?
Am I going to be late today?
Short answer Yes, she-he-it is or No, she-he-it isn’t
Yes they – we are or No they – we aren’t
Yes, I am or No, I’m not
Forms of will

Statement I-You-She-He-It-We-They will come tomorrow.

Negative I-YOU-She-He-It-We-They will not (won't) come

tomorrow .

Question Will I-you-she-he-it-we-they come tomorrow?

Short answer Yes, I-you-she-he-it-we-they will

No. Won’t.
WILL VS BE GOING TO
 Prediction: either will or be going to
a) According to the weather report, it will rain
today.
b) According to the weather report, it is going to
rain today.
Prior Plan: Be going to
( a plan made before the moment of speaking)
X: Why did buy this English dictionary?
Y: I am going to take English Course.
Willingness: will
will expresses a decision the speaker makes
at the moment of speaking.
X: The phone is ringing.
Y: I’ll answer it.
QUESTION
 What are you going do after this zoom meeting?
