(106th Amendment) Act, 2023, 1
SIMULTANEOUS ELECTIONS 1
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ELECTIONS
PERSONALITY RIGHTS
SECRETARIAT OF THE PARLIAMENT
1. POLITY AND GOVERNANCE 108 MIGRANTS FROM PAKISTAN AWARDED
CITIZENSHIP
Disqualification of MPs & MLAs (A-102 & 191)
PANEL OF VICE-CHAIRPERSONS
Parliamentary Committee report -‘Prison
conditions, Infrastructure and Reforms’
Delhi Special Police Establishment (DSPE)
Act 1946
INDIA AND G20 - India held the Presidency
of the G20 summit (first time at New Delhi,)
the theme “Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam” or
“One Earth, One Family, One Future”.
INDIA: THE VOICE OF GLOBAL SOUTH
ASEAN - 1967 | Bangkok Declaration |
economic growth - social progress - cultural
dev | regional peace & stability |
ABRAHAM ACCORDS - collective
2. INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS agreements b/w USA-UAE-Israel | sig-2020
| extension: Sudan-Bahrain-Morocco |
SAUDI ARABIA
INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATION OF LEGAL
METROLOGY (OILM) CERTIFICATE
UNITED NATIONS COMMISSION ON
INTERNATIONAL TRADE LAW (UNCITRAL)
L.69 GROUPING
5 Eyes Alliance
GDP ESTIMATION IN INDIA
SEP23 - ORNs
CROSS BORDER PAYMENTS
3. ECONOMY
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
REGULATION OF CRYPTO ASSETS
TRAI released a Consultation Paper on
“Digital Inclusion in the Era of Emerging
Technologies”.
4. SECURITY
5. ENVIRONMENT
6. SOCIAL ISSUES
7. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
8. CULTURE
9. ETHICS
10. SCHEMES IN NEWS
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Regional cooperation mech - ASEAN +3 : China-Japan - rep of Korea | East Asia Summit ( AUS , China , India , Japan, NZ ,
RoKorea, Russia, USA)
Key highlights of ASEAN-India summit - 12-point proposal | linking South-East Asia-India-West Asia-Europe | ASEAN- India
Trade in Goods Agreement (AITIGA) |
Key highlights of the East Asia Summit - EAS POA (2024-2028) adopted | Mainstreaming and implementation of the ASEAN
Outlook on the Indo-Pacific (AOIP).
Significance of India- ASEAN relations - GEOPOLITICAL( India's Act East Policy + Indo-Pacific Vision + SAGAR ) |
Regional Integration and Multilateral Cooperation | Economic Cooperation (bilateral trade of USD 131.5 billion + 11.3% of
India's global trade) | Development of Northeast ( IMT Trilateral Highway + Kaladan Multimodal Project ) | Security | China
Factor | Soft Power
Concerns associated with India- ASEAN relations - Great power competition (USA v/s China ) | Widening trade deficit (
USD 43.57 billion ) | Competing regional agreements (RCEP) | Lack of market access and connectivity | Delayed projects
Emerging Challenges - Changing Geopolitical Alliances in West Asia |Palestinian Issue | Antipathy towards Iran | China’s Saudi-
Iran diplomacy
Significance for India - Regional cooperation (I2U2) | Economic Opportunities | vibrant Indian diaspora in the Gulf
The India-Saudi Arabia Strategic Partnership Council - 2019 | Two main pillars: The Committee on Political, Security, Social
and Cultural Cooperation + Committee on Economy and Investments
Significance Saudi Arabia for India : Economic partnership ( 4.5 % of Trade) | Energy security ( 3rd largest crude oil
producer ) | Geostrategic ('Look West' policy) | Defense and Security | Shared interest in multilateral forums | Trade
agreement ( with GCC) | Indian Diaspora (2.4 million+) | Cultural linkage
Challenges for the relations - Regional conflicts in the Middle East | Diaspora issues | Influence of Pakistan | Energy
dependency ( OPEC countries charge Asian premiums) | Trade deficit
system for issuing, registering, and using OIML certificates (e.g., thermometers, clinical thermometers, etc. ) | increase in
exports | India has become an OIML certificate-issuing authority.
1966 | Sub body of UN-GA | NOT part of WTO |
reform of UNSC | includes developing countries from - Africa + Latin America + Caribbean + Asia + Pacific |
USA + UK + CANADA + AUS + NZ
GDP calculation approaches - Production method | Income method | Expenditure method
GoI use Income side estimates | MoSPI calculates GVA @ const price ( Real ) & current price ( Nominal ) | The GDP deflator,
also called implicit price deflator, is a measure of inflation ( ratio of Nominal GDP to Real GDP )
Challenges with current GDP calculation methodology : Accuracy of Data | Accounting unorganized sector | Not all
productive activity is included in GDP ( unpaid work )
Way Forward - Base year updation (The current base year is 2011-12, which is more than a decade older.)
type of transaction that takes place between FIs, businesses, and individuals, where the sender and recipient are based in
separate countries. | Market value - $190 trillion in 2023 |
Common types : Int Wire Transfers(g., using SWIFT codes) | Digital Wallets (Google Pay, or Apple Pay) | Int Money orders |
Credit card transactions | Cryptocurrencies
Significance -Financial inclusion | Access to global markets | Diversification | Globalization | For India - Ease Remittances +
Facilitating Travel and tourism + Accelerating foreign investment (FDI inflow of US$70.97 billion in FY 2023.)
Constraints - Differing Govt Reg | Lack of Std of Fin data | Security risks | High cost & delays
Steps taken in India - RBI Payments Vision 2025 | NIPL's initiatives (BHIM UPI QR has gained acceptance in Singapore,
UAE, Mauritius, Nepal and Bhutan) | RBI has allowed access to UPI to foreign nationals and NRIs |
core principles of corporate governance - Accountability | Transparency | Independence | Integrity | Risk management |
Stakeholder rights
Challenges - Lack of Separation of ownership and management ( family run ) | Lack of independent directors | Low education
and awareness among investors | Limited scope of governance policies | Lack of transparency | Fraudulent practices and
financial irregularities (IL&FS scam) | Poor risk prediction and mitigation | Limited participation of the minority shareholders
Framework of Corporate Governance in India -
1. (SEBI): regulatory authority responsible for monitoring and regulating the corporate governance of listed companies.
2.The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI): is responsible for issuing guidelines and standards
3.MoCA for regulating the functioning of the corporate sector in accordance with law
ambit of the PMLA 2002.| Currently Cryptocurrency effectively legal (SC decision in 2020) | UB22 - officially classified digital
assets even crypto as “virtual digital assets.” - 1% TDS
Challenges in Regulating Cryptocurrency - Blanket Ban | Lack of harmonized taxonomies | Fragmentation | Cross-border
enforcement
Global Regulation of Crypto Assets - IMF-FSB Synthesis Paper was spearheaded by India ( G20 Summit ) | MiCA Framed
by the EU is the first cross-jurisdictional regulatory and supervisory framework for crypto-assets
Importance of Digital Inclusion in Emerging Technology - Extent Job Market ( Future of Jobs Report 2023 by the WEF,
Data analysts & scientists are expected a 30-35% increase in demand.) | Enhanced learning | Inclusive workspace | Better
pay/wages | Healthcare ( e-Sanjeevani) |
Digital Inclusion - DIGITAL ACCESSIBILITY + DIGITAL LITERACY + DIGITAL ACCEPTANCE
Digital Inclusion for MSMEs - Udyam Registration Portal: To register MSMEs businesses | MSME Sampark | CHAMPIONS
Scheme
Challenges of Digital Inclusion - Access (In 2021, 49% of Indian adult men-owned smartphones, while only 26% of women
did) | Infrastructure | Affordability | Limited Digital literacy | Cyber-attacks
Initiatives taken wrt Digital Inclusion - BharatNet project | Digital India Programme | National Policy on Electronics 2019 |
Pradhan Mantri Gramin Digital Saksharta Abhiyan (aims to digitally literate 60 million people)