The Reproductive System

The Reproductive System

● Reproductive system – consists of organs involved in
producing offspring.
● Its function is to make special cells called sex cells that are
needed for reproduction.
● Reproduction is the process of producing another
organism.
● During reproduction, a sperm and an egg join together to
form a new living being that will grow into a baby. This
process is called fertilization.

fertilization
The
Male
Reproductive
System
Testes
● The two testes (testis for one of
them) contained in a bag of
skin called the scrotum. The
testes have two functions:

● to produce millions of male sex

cells called sperm cells.

● to make male sex hormones,

which affect the way a man’s
body develops.
Sperm duct and glands
The sperm pass through the
sperm ducts, and mix with
fluids produced by the
glands. The fluids provide the
sperm cells with nutrients.
The mixture of sperm and
fluids is called semen.
 Penis
The penis has two
functions:

● to pass urine out of

the man’s body
● to transfer sperm
into the female’s
body
 Urethra
The urethra is the
tube inside the
penis that allows
urine to pass out of
the body. It also
carries semen in
men.
The
Female
Reproductive
System
 Ovaries
The two ovaries (one of them
is called an ovary) contain
hundreds of undeveloped
female sex cells.

These are called ova (one of

them is called an ovum) or
egg cells. Women have these
cells in their bodies from birth,
whereas men produce new
sperm continually.
 Oviducts
● Each ovary is connected
to the uterus by
an oviduct. This is
sometimes called a
Fallopian tube or egg
tube.

● It is where fertilization
takes place.
Uterus and cervix
The uterus, also called the womb, is
where the baby develops until its
birth.

The cervix is a ring of muscle at the

lower end of the uterus. It keeps the
baby in place while the woman is
pregnant.
Birth canal

The birth canal,

which receives the
sperm from the male
and through which
the baby is born.
Puberty

Some of the changes mean that you

are becoming an adult and will be
able to reproduce. This stage in your
life is called puberty.
 Puberty in both boys and girls: What to
expect..
- Growth rate increases
- Skin becomes oily
- Hair grows on armpits and
other parts of the body
- Body smell gets stronger

- Emotional changes
Puberty in girls: What Puberty in boys:
to expect.. What to expect..
- It starts between ages 8-14. - It starts between ages 9-14.
- Hips get wider. - Testes start to produce
- Breasts start to develop. sperm.

- Ovaries start to produce - Hair grows on face, armpits

egg. Menstrual cycle starts. and other parts of the body.
- Shoulders and chest get
- Voice becomes a little
broader.
deeper.
- Voice changes and
becomes deeper.
 What causes these changes?
- The changes happen because of sex hormones produced by
the testes in boys and by the ovaries in girls.

- Hormones – chemical messengers that travel the bloodstream

from the place where they are made to the place where they do
their work.

- Boys make hormone called testosterone.

- Girls make hormone called estrogen.

 How to care for changing our body
- Take a bath everyday.

- Wash your face regularly.

- Use deodorant or antiperspirant on the underarm.

- Eat a well balanced diet and get plenty of exercise.