Aldehyde

Identification of functional group present in a given organic sample:

➢ Physical characteristics:
i) Physical state: Liquid
ii) Colour: Colourless
iii) Odour: Fruity odour
iv) Solubility: Soluble in water
➢ Indicatory test:
Experiment Observation Inference
A small amount of organic compound was Orange- yellow ppt. Carbonyl group present.
taken in a test tube and added 1- 2 mL of formed.
2, 4- dinitrophenyl hydrazine.

➢ Confirmatory test:

Experiment Observation Inference

i) 1mL of the organic sample was Silver mirror formed. Aldehyde group is present
taken in a test tube. To it 1mL and confirmed.
Tollen’s reagent was added.
The mixed solution was heated
in a water bath.
ii) 1mL of organic sample was
taken in a test tube. To it 2 to 3 Appearance of pink Aldehyde group is present
drops of Schiff’s reagent was colour. and confirmed.
added.

Conclusion: So, the given organic compound contains aldehyde ( ) group.