anya ween» torte ett meade dmorass wepobosdd #qkO Teddtc wAatey decd adap Aebre, Dryers ovaberech Secoot-1§592-20189, email,cerdwsd.rer@gamil.com 5 RE TRBACAA,D/TD/SBMIFSTP/EO pm] 1685 Koreas mode RON eMonoUTED, TBAT HBS Aro may Aodro, ww awn, pachesacs, stadt, wogesd: Sina, shoal, mobFAaEralt ehmursd. Bey Romane. manwacs BSC Ag To: SaoeiEAI/137/2023-24/2762 Gewet: 17.11.2023 , RUS dows (7a) clemmé waodd Forimdiad meee HowcdSoDQ ao wy, WUE (Faecal Sludge Treatment Plant (FSTP)) DPR (O43 gos okord) a, origucg, cv DPR Exo Topography & Geo Rauteend. cae ‘corte; DPR Copy modrmoy wtotosdT, mrossac Beobra, ame, chow, modrARr as emObrive. Bey so: Be GokesIs crelesren AOAeNG.R uti DETAILED PROJECT REPORT FOR {URAL DRINKING WATER & SANITATION DEPARTMEN! CONSTRUCTION OF FSTP RURAL DRINKING WATER & SANITATION DEPARTMENT (Government of Karnataka Undertaking) GURGUNTA FAECAL SLUDGE TREATMENT PLANT DETAILED PROJECT REPORT DETAILED PROJECT REPORT FOR CONSTRUCTION OF 18 KLW FEACAL SLUDGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR GURGUNTA GRAMA PANCHAYATHA IN LINGSUGUR TALUK RAICHUR DISTRICT SUBMITTED By: (0/0 The Assistant Executive Engineer Rural Drinking water & Sanitation Department Lingsugur Tq, Raichur District iDETAILED PROJECT REPORT FOR RURAL DRINKING WATER & SANITATION DEPARTHENT CONSTRUCTION OF FSTP 2, INTRODUCTION Faecal sh {ge management is the storage, collection, transport, treatment and safe end use or disposal of Faccal sludge. Together, the collection, transport, treatment and end use of Faecal sludge constitute the "value chain” or “service chain” of Faecal sludge management. Faecal sludge is defined very broadly as what accumulates in onsite sanitation systems (e.g. pit latrines, septic tanks and container-based solutions) and specifically is not transported through a sewer. It is composed of human excreta, but also anything else that may go into an onsite containment technology, such as flush water, cleansing materials (e.g, toilet paper and ‘anal cleansing materials), menstrual hygiene products, grey water (i.e. bathing or kitchen water, including fats, oils and grease), and solid waste. Faecal sludge that is removed from septic tanks is called septage. It is estimated that one-third of the world’s population is served by onsite sanitation, and that in low-income countries less than 10% of urban areas are served by sewers. In low- income countries, most of the Faecal sludge is discharged untreated into the urban environment, placing a huge burden on public and environmental health. Hence, FSM plays a critical role in safely managed sanitation and the protection of public health. FSM services are provided by a range of formal and informal private sector services providers, local governments, water authorities, and public utilities. This can also result in unreliable services with relatively high costs at the household level. Faecal sludge collection can be arranged on a scheduled basis or on a call-for-service basis (also known as on-demand, on-request, or non-scheduled services). The collected Faecal sludge may manually or mechanically emptied, and then transported to treatment plants with 3 vacuum truck; a tank and pump mounted on a flatbed truck; a small tank pulled by 2 motorcycle; or in containers on 2 handcart. The wider use of multiple decentralized sludge treatment facilities within cities (to avoid long haulage distances) is currently being researched and piloted. Faecal sludge is different to wastewater and cannot simply be co-treated at sewage treatment plants. Small additions of Faecal sludge are possible if plants are underutilized and able to take the additional load, and facilities to separate liquids and solids are available. A variety of mechanized and non-mechanized processing technologies may be used, including settling tanks, planted and unplanted drying beds, and waste stabilization ponds, The treatment process can produce resource recovery end-products such as treated effluent that can be used for irrigation, co-composting as a soil conditioner, anaerobic digestion to produce biogas, forms of dry-combustion fuel such as pellets or bio char, charcoal, biodiesel, sludge and plants or protein production as animal fodder. i| DETAILED PROJECT REPORT FOR RURAL DRINKING WATER & SANITATION DEPARTMENT CONSTRUCTION OF FSTP Septage oF "septic tank sludge" is faecal sludge that is accumulated and stored in septic tank, Septage tends to be more dilute, as septic tanks are typically used with fush toilets (backwater) and can also include grey water. Septic tanks also tend to have less solid waste, a5 they only receive things that can be flushed down a toilet (e«, toilet paper). When operating 2s designed, a sludge blanket layer accumulates on the bottom of the tank, a scum layer that contains fats, oil and grease accumulates at the top, and the effluent or supernatant contains less solids. Septage is periodically removed (with a frequency depending on tank capacity, system efficiency, and usage level, but typically less often than annually) from the septic tanks by specialized vehicles known as vacuum trucks. They pump the septage out of the tank and transport it to a local Faecal sludge treatment plant. It can also be used by farmers for fertilizer or stored in large septage waste storage facilities for later treatment or use on crops. The term “septage” has been used in the United States since at least 1992.{t has also been used in projects by the United States Agency for International Development in Asia. Another definition of septage is: "A historical term to define sludge removed from septic tanks.” In india some government policy documents are using the term FSSM for "Faecal sludge and septage management". Providing uniform access to affordable sanitation services is a challenge for most of the administrations today. Though several large-scale schemes and programs have been undertaken to cover all the segments of the society with access to proper sanitation facilities, there still remain many challenges towards achieving the same. The Swachh Bharat Mission Grameen /S8M (6) in the first phase (year 2014-19) focused on achieving an open defecation free (ODF) status in all rural areas through provision of Individual or Community toilets. With the second phase of the SBM-G kicking in from February 2020, the focus is now on sustaining this ODF status through continued usage of these toilets and solid and liquid waste management (stm). The biggest challenge from the previous scheme observed is that majority of the household toilets have been connected to single pits instead of twin pits or septic tanks as required which leads to the problem of managing the faecal waste once the pit fills up. This necessitates either retrofitting of the existing single pits or implementation of faecal sludge management (FSM) wherever not possible to convert all household containments into twin pits. Hence, the newly released Phase {I Operational Guidelines launched by the Ministry of Jal Shakti (MoJS), Department of Drinking Water & Sanitation, Government of India prescribes FSM in cases where retrofitting is not possible. The FSM options given in order of priority are: co- treatment, trenching or setting up of a faecal sludge treatment plant (FSTP). The Rural Drinking Water & Sanitation Department (RDWS&SD), Government of Karnataka has taken proactive measures at the State level with the launch of the State Rural Page 3DETAILED PROJECT REPORT FOR _RURAL DRINKING WATER 8 SANITATION DEPARTMENT CONSTRUCTION OF FSTP Sanitation Policy, Strategy and Model Byclaws which are in line with the recently launched guidelines of the Mo!s. Out of the proposed LWM projects, the initiatives related to black water/ faecal sludge ‘management are being taken up on priority for implementation under the SBM-G phase II funding. The other projects proposed would be taken up by the respective Gram Panchayats as per their annual action plans and depending on availability of funds for relevant sources. This detailed project report {DPR) is prepared for the implementation of the black water/ faecal sludge management projects proposed as a part of the LWM Strategy and Action plan for Gurgunta GP. Page 4