Appendix 1: Forms of the Mutable and Irregular Verbs

3rd Weak 2nd Gem. "Give" "Bring" "See" "Be" "Come"

SUFFIX CONJUGATION:

Cireumst. :6t mrl· LJI dl·, ::a rdl·

.llJJf2 qbb· I lnl· �l\1\ mJJ' � wn' A} Iw', � Q.Il ly·
Prospect. :6 t mr', :6QQt mry' .gJf2 qb' LJI di· ]:;- Int· .» -. 1\- mJn-
-.1\ mJ-, .» � wn' Jl}O lwt·
2nd Tense g t mrr lIJ Jf2 qbb- ::::: dd· ] = inn- �l\1\ mJJ' � wnn' A} Iw(w)'
-

Old Indle . :6 t mr', :6QQt mry' �fV qb - LJI dl·, ::a rdi· ! In' .» -. 1\- mJn-
-.1\ mJ-, .» � wn' A} Iw', �Q.Il IY'
Sdm'n11 :;�- mrl-n- .gJf2- qb 'n- §' rdi'n' -. 1\- mJ-n'
]= , ! in-n' .» � wn' J�A. ly-n-

STATIVE:

:;t mr - �fV qb- ::a rdl-. LJI di- ! In- �1\ mJ- � wn- A} Iw-, jQ.Il ly-

INFINITIVE:

:;ot mrt .llJJ fV qbb � rdlt ]:;- Int �l\1\ mJJ, �1\ mJ, � wnn ]QA' lyt, Jl}O lwt
-. 1\- mJn
->

IMPERATIVE:

:;t mr �fV qb Q.b\� 1m; ! In �1\ mJ, �l\1\ mJJ ?? �QA ml

IAII of the sdm'ni forms (circumstantial, "old indicative," and 2nd tense) are identical in their written forms.
 Appendix 2: Basic Verbal Constructions

I ACTIVE VOICE

affirmative pseudo-verbal negative

STATEMENTS OF FACT: (§9. 16. 18)

Present lw mr'f(§3 1) IW'f I)r mrt (§S9) I lwj m ilt (60) n mr·nj(§108, 1)
lW'fmr'fI (lw) Noun mr'f(§36, 37) n mr·nj
Future lw·f r mrt (§62) nn mr(Y)'f (§ 109)
Past iw mr'nj(§3 1) lw·l li·kwl (§8S) n mrJ(§107, l)
CIRCUMSTANTIAL CLAUSES:
Present • . . , mrj(qbb'f) (§32) fir mrt (§61) 1 ·1 IHwl (§86)
.... nn mrl (§lOS) n mr'nj (§108, 1)
Past . . . , mr'nj (§32) IJr mrl l ....·l lHwl nn mrl l n mrj(§107, 1)
EXPLICATORY SENTENCES
PresentlFuture mrrj (+ ADVERB) (§ 148) tm'fmr(w) (+ ADVERB) (§)
Past mr'njl lY'nj (§148) ???1

PROSPECTIVE OR SUBJUNCTIVE:
Wishes mr(y)j (§72) Iml'fmr(w)2 (§ 164)
"In order tbat "
... mr(y)'f(§74) tm'fmr(w) (§)
IMPERATIVE (COMMANDS):
mr (§ 145) m mr(w) (§ 166)

lOne would expect Im'njmr(w), but it is not yet attested.

2The prospective of the negative verb ImE + negatival complement.
 Appendix 2: Basic Verbal Constructions

II PASSIVE VOICE

aftirmative pseudo-verbal negative

STATEMENTS OF FACT: (§9, 16, 18)

Present lw mr-twj (§34) n mr-n-twj(§ 108, 2)

Future lw-tw r mrt (§33 , 62) nn mr - t w j (§109)
Past Iw mr(w)J (§3S) Iw-i In-lew! (§82, 85) n mr(w)JI n mr-twj(§ 107. 2)

CIRCUMSTANTIAL CLAUSES:
Present . . . , mr-twj(§32, 34) n mr-n-twJ(§ 108, 2)
Past . . . , mr(w)j(§32. 35) n mr(w}jl n mr-twj(§107, 2)

EXPLICATORV SENTENCES: 1
PresentIFuture mrr-twj(+ ADVERB) (§ 148) tm-tw mr(w) + Noun Subj 2 (§)
.

Past mr-n-twJ (§ 148) ???3

PROSPECTIVE OR SUBJUNCTIVE:
Wishes mr-twjl mr(w)j(§72)
"In order that ... " mr· t w j (§74) ???

IMPERATIVE (COMMANDS): 4
Iml mr-tw-k (§) m rdI(w) mrtw'k

1 All verb forms used are second tense fonns. There are four negations of the expository. The construction shown here negates the verbal idea.
2(+ ADVERB). One would expect the negative form with pronoun to be *tm-twjmr(w).
30ne would expect *tm·n·twjmr(w), but it is not yet attested. .
4These constructions involve the causative use of rdl and the 2nd pers. suffixes: "cause yourself to be loved"; "do not let yourself be loved."