Chapter 02-Analysis and Design of Wall Footing

CHAPTER 02
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF WALL FOOTING
CE425 - PROFESSIONAL COURSE - FOUNDATION AND RETAINING WALL DESIGN
ENGR. CHRISTIAN PIMENTEL

INSTRUCTOR
WALL FOOTING
Wall Footing or Strip Footing is a continuous strip of concrete that supports a bearing wall.
Concrete Wall
or Masonry
Footing
CHAPTER O2

INSTRUCTOR
CE425 - FOUNDATION AND RETAINING WALL DESIGN ENGR. CHRISTIAN PIMENTEL
INTRODUCTION
The simple principles used for designing beam is applicable to the design of wall footings with only
few modi cations. The upward soil pressure under the wall footing in the gure tends to bend the
footing into the deformed shape. The footing shall be designed as shallow beam for the moments
and shear involved.
P Tension
Concrete Wall Concrete
Steel
or Masonry Wall
in
m
1 us gn
ed
h
t de s i Shear
id Flexural Soil Pressure
Footing w the Crack
Crack
CHAPTER O2

INSTRUCTOR
fi
fi
SITUATION NO. 01
A 1.20 m wide x 0.25 m thick Reinforced DL = 145 kN/m
Concrete Footing is to be provided for a 0.25 m LL = 110 kN/m
thick Reinforced Concrete Wall. The wall carries
a Dead Load of 145 kN/m and a Live Load of 0.25 m
110 kN/m of wall. The maximum pressure in the
soil is not exceed 240 kPa. The bottom of 20.4 kN/m3
0.25 m 0.55 m
footing is 0.80 m below the ground. Use f’c = 21 er
0.80 m
et
MPa and fy = 420 MPa. Unit weight is 23.6 kN/m3 1 m
for concrete and 20.4 kN/m3 for soil back ll. 23.6 kN/m3
Note: For Wall Footing, consider 1 meter length

of wall. 1.2 m
CHAPTER O2

INSTRUCTOR
fi
SITUATION NO. 01
SOLUTION: P = PDL + PLL DL = 145 kN/m
1. Check the adequacy of the footing with respect = 145 + 110 LL = 110 kN/m
to soil pressure. P = 255 kN
qgross ≤ qallow 0.25 m
qgross = qnet + γshs + γchc 20.4 kN/m3
0.25 m 0.55 m
r
P 255 e
0.80 m
et
m
qnet = = = 212.5 kPa 1
A 1.2(1.0) 23.6 kN/m3
qgross = 212.5 + 20.4(0.55) + 23.6(0.25)
qgross = 229.0 kPa < qallow = 240 kPa
Therefore: Footing is Safe with respect to soil pressure 1.2 m
CHAPTER O2

INSTRUCTOR
SITUATION NO. 01
SOLUTION: DL = 145 kN/m
Pu = 350 kN
LL = 110 kN/m
2. Check the adequacy of the footing with respect to shear
requirements. Consider 12 mm diameter reinforcements.
0.25 m
NSCP 2015
413.2.6 Design Criteria
0.25 m 0.55 m
er
0.80 m
et
413.2.6.1 Foundations shall be proportioned to 1 m
resist factored loads and induced reactions.
Pu = 1.2PDL + 1.6PLL Pu 350
wu = =
= 1.2(145) + 1.6(110) b 1.2 wu = 291.7 kN/m
Pu = 350 kN wu = 291.7 kN/m 1.2 m
CHAPTER O2

INSTRUCTOR
SITUATION NO. 01
SOLUTION:
NSCP 2015
413.2.6.2 Foundation systems shall be permitted to be designed by any procedure

satisfying equilibrium and geometric compatibility.
413.2.6.3 Foundation design in accordance with strut-and-tie modeling, Section 423,

shall be permitted.
413.2.6.4 External moment on any section of a strip footing, isolated footing, or pile cap
shall be calculated by passing a vertical plane through the member and calculating the
moment of the forces acting over the entire area of member on one side of that vertical
plane.
CHAPTER O2

INSTRUCTOR
SITUATION NO. 01
SOLUTION:
NSCP 2015 Table 413.2.7.1
Location of Critical Section for Mu
413.2.7 Critical Sections for Shallow
Foundations and Pile Cap Location of critical
Supported member
413.2.7.1 Mu at the supported member shall be section
permitted to be calculated at the critical section Column or Pedestal Face of column
de ned in accordance with Table 413.2.7.1. Halfway between face of
Column with steel
413.2.7.2 The location of critical section for base plate
column and edge of steel
factored shear in accordance with Sections base plate
407.4.3 and 408.4.3 for one-way shear or Section Concrete wall Face of wall
408.4.4.1 for two-way shear shall be measured
from the location of the critical section for Mu in Halfway between center
Masonry wall
Section 413.2.7.1. and face of masonry wall
CHAPTER O2

INSTRUCTOR
fi
SITUATION NO. 01
SOLUTION:
COLUMN, PEDESTAL, CONCRETE WALL MASONRY WALL COLUMN WITH STEEL BASE PLATE
a Steel
Concrete
Column
Wall Masonry
Wall
l
a/4 Base
l/2 l/2
d d Plate
d
CHAPTER O2

INSTRUCTOR
SITUATION NO. 01
SOLUTION:
NSCP 2015
407.4.3 Factored Shear
407.4.3.1 For slabs built integrally with supports, Vu at the support shall be permitted to
be calculated at the face of support.
407.4.3.2 Sections between the face of support and a critical section located d from the
face of support for non- prestressed slabs or h/2 from the face of support for prestressed
slabs shall be permitted to be designed for Vu at that critical section if (a) through (c) are
satis ed:
a. Support reaction, in direction of applied shear, introduces compression into the end region of the slab;
b. Loads are applied at or near the top surface of the slab;
c. No concentrated load occurs between the face of support and critical section.
CHAPTER O2

INSTRUCTOR
fi
SITUATION NO. 01
Pu = 350 kN
LL = 110 kN/m
requirements. Consider 12 mm diameter reinforcements. Shear
0.25 m Section
ϕVc ≥ Vu ϕ = 0.75 for shear
0.306 m 0.475 m 0.475 m
db 12
0.25 m 0.55 m
d = hc − Cc − = 250 − 75 − er
0.80 m
2 et d
2 1 m
d = 169 mm Vu
d
Vu = wu × l
= 291.7(0.306) wu = 291.7 kN/m
0.075m wu = 291.7 kN/m
12mm ⌀ 12mm ⌀
Vu = 89.26 kN Shear Section Main Bars Temp. Bars 1.2 m
CHAPTER O2

INSTRUCTOR
SITUATION NO. 01
Pu = 350 kN
LL = 110 kN/m
requirements. Consider 12 mm diameter reinforcements. Shear
Section
1 Where, 0.25 m
Vc = λ f′c bw d f’ = specified compressive strength of the
6 c
f′c = 21 MPa footing concrete 0.475 m 0.475 m
0.25 m 0.55 m
bw = width of footing at distance d from r
e
0.80 m
bw = 1000 mm the face of the column met 0.169 m
1
λ = 1.0 λ = 1.0 for normal weight concrete
1 0.169 m
Vc = (1.0) 21(1000)(169) = 129.076 kN
6
0.075m wu = 291.7 kN/m
ϕVc = 0.75(129.076) Therefore: 12mm ⌀
12mm ⌀
ϕVc = 96.81 kN > Vu = 89.26 kN Safe for Shear Main Bars Temp. Bars 1.2 m
CHAPTER O2

INSTRUCTOR

SITUATION NO. 01
SOLUTION:
NSCP 2015
413.3.2 One-Way Shallow Foundations
413.3.2.1 The design and detailing of one-way shallow foundations, including strip
footings, combined footings, and grade beams, shall be in accordance with this section
and the applicable provisions of Sections 407and 409.
413.3.2.2 Reinforcement shall be distributed uniformly across entire width of one-way

footings.
CHAPTER O2

INSTRUCTOR
SITUATION NO. 01
Pu = 350 kN
LL = 110 kN/m
3. Determine the spacing of 12 mm Diameter
Main Reinforcing Bars. Bending
0.25 m Section
As = ρbd Where, As = Area of Reinforcement
• The Maximum Bending 0.475 m 0.475 m
0.25 m 0.55 m
0.475 m
Moment, Mu er
0.80 m
et 0.169 m
1m
l Mu
Mu = wul × 0.169 m
2
( 2 )
0.475
= (291.7)(0.475) 0.075m
wu = 291.7 kN/m wu = 291.7 kN/m
12mm ⌀ 12mm ⌀
Mu = 32.91 kN ∙ m Main Bars Temp. Bars 1.2 m
Bending Section
CHAPTER O2

INSTRUCTOR
SITUATION NO. 01
Pu = 350 kN
LL = 110 kN/m
Main Reinforcing Bars. Bending
0.25 m Section
• Resistance Coe cient, Rn
Mu 6
32.91 × 10 0.475 m 0.475 m
Rn = = = 1.28 MPa
0.25 m 0.55 m
ϕbd 2 0.90(1000)(169)2 er
0.80 m
et 0.169 m
1 m
0.85 f′c 2Rn
ρ= 1− 1− 0.169 m
fy 0.85 f′c
0.075m wu = 291.7 kN/m

0.85(21) 2(1.28)
ρ= 1− 1− ρ = 0.003204 12mm ⌀ 12mm ⌀
420 0.85 (21) Main Bars Temp. Bars 1.2 m
CHAPTER O2

INSTRUCTOR

ffi
SITUATION NO. 01
SOLUTION:
Main Reinforcing Bars.
0.25 m
As = ρbd = 0.003204(1000)(169)
2
As = 542 mm
0.25 m 0.55 m
er
0.80 m
t
As, min = 0.0018Ag = 0.0018(250 × 1000) 1 me
2
As, min = 450 mm
0.169 m
As /bar 113
s= = 0.075m
12mm ⌀ 12mm ⌀
As /m 542 12 mm Diameter Main Βars Temp. Bars
Main Bars
1.2 m
s = 0.208 m Spaced at 0.20 m O.C.
CHAPTER O2

INSTRUCTOR
SITUATION NO. 01
SOLUTION:
4. Determine the number of pieces of 12 mm Diameter
Temperature and Shrinkage Reinforcement.
0.25 m
As, min = 0.0018Ag = 0.0018(1200 × 250)
2
As, min = 540 mm
0.25 m 0.55 m
er
0.80 m
et
m
As 540 1
N= =
0.169 m
113 113
N = 4.8
0.075m 12mm ⌀
12mm ⌀
Provide: Main Bars Temp. Bars
5-12 mm Diameter Temperature Bars 1.2 m
CHAPTER O2

INSTRUCTOR
SITUATION NO. 02
A 400 mm Masonry Wall supports a Dead Load DL = 200 kN/m
of 200 kN/m and a Live Load of 158 kN/m. The LL = 158 kN/m
allowable Soil bearing pressure is 220 kPa. The
bottom of the footing is 1.20 m below the natural 16 mm ø
0.40 m
RSB
ground line. Unit weight of concrete is 24 kN/m3
and Unit weight of Soil is 16 kN/m3. Thickness of
0.90 m
16 kN/m3
Footing is 300 mm with an e ective depth of 225 ter
e
1.2 m
mm. Use f’c = 20.7 MPa. fy = 345.6 MPa 1 m
0.30 m
24 kN/m3
1. Determine the width of wall footing.
2. Determine the Nominal Shear Stress of the
Wall Footing.
3. Determine the Spacing of 16mm ø bars of
the wall footing. b
CHAPTER O2

INSTRUCTOR
ff
SITUATION NO. 02
1. Determine the width of wall footing. LL = 158 kN/m
P P = PDL + PLL = 200 + 158 16 mm ø
Aftg = 0.40 m
qnet P = 358 kN/m RSB
qnet = qallow − γshs − γchc
0.90 m
16 kN/m3
eter
1.2 m
= 220 − 24(0.30) − 16(1.2 − 0.3) 1 m
qnet = 198.40 kPa
0.30 m
24 kN/m3
P 358 2
Aftg = = = 1.804 m
qnet 198.40
2
b(1 m) = 1.804 m b = 1.804 m b
CHAPTER O2

INSTRUCTOR
SITUATION NO. 02
2. Nominal Shear Stress of the Wall Footing LL = 158 kN/m
Shear
Pu = 1.2DL + 1.6LL 16 mm ø Section
0.40 m
= 1.2(200) + 1.6(158) RSB
Pu = 492.80 kN/m 0.702 m 0.702 m
0.90 m
0.577 m
0.1 m 0.1 m
P 492.809 eter 0.225 m
1.2 m
wu = = 1 m
Aftg 1.804(1.0) Vu
0.30 m
wu = 273.171 kPa
Vu = wu × l wu = 273.171 kN/m
wu = 273.171 kN/m
= 273.171(0.577)
1.804 m
Vu = 157.62 kN Shear Section
CHAPTER O2

INSTRUCTOR
SITUATION NO. 02
2. Nominal Shear Stress of the Wall Footing LL = 158 kN/m
Shear
Vu 16 mm ø Section
Vu = ϕVn Vn = 0.40 m
RSB
ϕ
Vn Vu 0.702 m 0.702 m
0.90 m
0.577 m
uw = = 0.1 m 0.1 m
bwd ϕbwd eter 0.225 m
1.2 m
1 m
157.62 Vu
=
0.30 m
0.75(1.0)(0.225)
uw = 934.044 kPa wu = 273.171 kN/m
wu = 273.171 kN/m
uw = 0.934 MPa 1.804 m
Shear Section
CHAPTER O2

INSTRUCTOR
SITUATION NO. 02
3. Determine the Spacing of 16mm ø bars of the LL = 158 kN/m
Bending
wall footing. Section
16 mm ø
0.40 m
As = ρbd Where, As = Area of Reinforcement RSB
• The Maximum Bending 0.702 m 0.702 m
0.90 m
0.802 m 0.1 m 0.1 m
Moment, Mu eter 0.225 m
1.2 m
1 m
l Mu
Mu = wul ×
0.30 m
2
( 2 ) wu = 273.171 kN/m
0.802
= (273.171)(0.802) wu = 273.171 kN/m
Mu = 87.852 kN ∙ m 1.804 m
Bending Section
CHAPTER O2

INSTRUCTOR
SITUATION NO. 02
Bending
16 mm ø
0.40 m
• Resistance Coe cient, Rn RSB
Mu 6
87.852 × 10 0.702 m 0.702 m
0.90 m
Rn = = = 1.928 MPa 0.1 m 0.1 m
ϕbd 2 0.90(1000)(255)2 eter 0.225 m
1.2 m
1 m
0.85 f′c 2Rn
ρ=
0.30 m
1− 1−
fy 0.85 f′c
0.85(20.7) 2(1.928) wu = 273.171 kN/m

ρ= 1− 1− ρ = 0.00592
345.6 0.85 (20.7) 1.804 m
CHAPTER O2

INSTRUCTOR

ffi
SITUATION NO. 02
Bending
16 mm ø
0.40 m
As = ρbd = 0.00592(1000)(225) RSB
2
As = 1,332.863 mm 0.702 m 0.702 m
0.90 m
0.1 m 0.1 m
ter
As, min = 0.002Ag = 0.002(300 × 1000) e 0.225 m
1.2 m
1 m
2
As, min = 600 mm
0.30 m
As /bar 201
s= = wu = 273.171 kN/m
As /m 1,332.863
say, s = 0.150 mm 1.804 m
s = 0.1508 m
CHAPTER O2

INSTRUCTOR
SITUATION NO. 02
Bending
16 mm ø
0.40 m
Check maximum spacing for main bars as per RSB
NSCP 2015 Section 407.2.2.3: 0.702 m 0.702 m
0.90 m
0.1 m 0.1 m
ter
Maximum spacing s of deformed reinforcement e 0.225 m
1.2 m
1 m
shall be the lesser of:
0.30 m
a. Smax = 3h = 3(300) = 900 mm
b. Smax = 450 mm
wu = 273.171 kN/m
16 mm ø Βars
s = 150 mm < 450 mm Spaced at 0.150 m O.C. 1.804 m
CHAPTER O2

INSTRUCTOR
END OF PRESENTATION
CHAPTER O2

INSTRUCTOR

Chapter 02-Analysis and Design of Wall Footing

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Chapter 02-Analysis and Design of Wall Footing

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CHAPTER 02

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF WALL FOOTING

CE425 - PROFESSIONAL COURSE - FOUNDATION AND RETAINING WALL DESIGN

ENGR. CHRISTIAN PIMENTEL

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF WALL FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF WALL FOOTING

Note: For Wall Footing, consider 1 meter length

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF WALL FOOTING

qgross = qnet + γshs + γchc 20.4 kN/m3

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF WALL FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF WALL FOOTING

413.2.6.2 Foundation systems shall be permitted to be designed by any procedure

413.2.6.3 Foundation design in accordance with strut-and-tie modeling, Section 423,

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF WALL FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF WALL FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF WALL FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF WALL FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF WALL FOOTING

f′c = 21 MPa footing concrete 0.475 m 0.475 m

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF WALL FOOTING

413.3.2 One-Way Shallow Foundations

413.3.2.2 Reinforcement shall be distributed uniformly across entire width of one-way

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF WALL FOOTING

• The Maximum Bending 0.475 m 0.475 m

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF WALL FOOTING

0.075m wu = 291.7 kN/m

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF WALL FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF WALL FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF WALL FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF WALL FOOTING

qnet = qallow − γshs − γchc

qnet = 198.40 kPa

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF WALL FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF WALL FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF WALL FOOTING

• The Maximum Bending 0.702 m 0.702 m

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF WALL FOOTING

0.85(20.7) 2(1.928) wu = 273.171 kN/m

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF WALL FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF WALL FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF WALL FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF WALL FOOTING

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