Cambridge Primary Maths 2nd WB 4 Answers S A Files PDF

CAMBRIDGE PRIMARY MATHEMATICS 4: TEACHER’S RESOURCE
Workbook answers
1 Numbers and the number system
Exercise 1.1 d 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100
(multiply each counting number by itself –
Focus square numbers)
1 a add 11 b 110
Exercise 1.2
2 28, 34
Focus
3 33 circled
1 Arrow pointing to −5.
4 2020, 2031, 2042, 2053, 2064
2 a 5° C b −3 ° C
5 a 1, −2, −5, −8 b −3, −1, 1, 3
3 a −3 b 0
c 990, 955, 920, 885
c −2 d −9
Practice 4 a −2 circled difference: 4
6 750 and 900 circled b –1 circled difference: 2
7 No. All terms are 1 more than a multiple of 7, c 4 circled difference: 8
and 77 is a multiple of 7.
Practice
8 302
5 −7 and 4
9 1001, 1006, 1011, 1016, 1021, 1026, 1031,
1036, 1041 6 −4 −1 14
−10 0 10 20 30 40 °C
10 1 1 and 96
2
7 a −4 and 12 b −10, 10 and 15

Challenge
11 15 8 7 ° C (Do not accept 7)
Add 5 to previous term (you add one more Challenge

each time).
9 –5 –3 –2 –1 0 1
12 24 and 44
13 a linear first term 5 term-to-term rule
‘add 4’ 21 and 25 10 9 ° C
b non-linear first term 3 term-to-term 11 19 ° C
rule ‘add 8 then one less each time’
29 and 33 12 −40 and 80
c non-linear first term 3 term-to-term 13 No, together with an explanation that the
rule ‘double’ 48 and 96 sequence continues −10, −7, −4, −1, 2 . . .,
and 0 is not included.
14 Examples (other answers are possible):
a 1, 3, 6, 10 (add one more each time)
b 6, 13, 20 (add 7)
c 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 (add 3)
Downloaded by Success Groups (S&N)
1 Cambridge Primary Mathematics 4 – Wood & Low © Cambridge University Press 2021
Exercise 1.3 Challenge

Focus 11 Nine hundred and seventy-five thousand
three hundred and ten
1 One thousand, four hundred and fifty
12
2 Circle 5005 1
D
3 April
2 3
I T H R E E
4 305 469 = 300 000 + 5000 + 400 + 60 + 9
5 Fourteen thousand, three hundred and G I
fifty two, 14 352
6 I G
6
× 10
4
T Z H
× 100 60
5
S E V E N T Y
× 10
600
R
32 6
× 10 F O U R
× 100 320
13 a 35 800 b 30 c 100
× 10 d 100 e 304 000
3200
14 350 ÷ 10 35 × 10 = 350
1400
÷ 10
÷ 100 140
2 Time and timetables
÷ 10 Exercise 2.1
14
Focus
8000 1 a 300 b 240 c 21
÷ 10
d 24 e 2 f 10
÷ 100 800
2 Half past four – 04:30
4 o’clock – 04:00
÷ 10
80 half past three – 03:30
3 a 3 weeks
Practice b 8 years
7 Nine thousand, nine hundred and thirty c 21 months
8 130 030 4 9:15 circled
9 a A b C c D
d C e D f B
10 D
5 Exercise 2.2
eight fifty a.m.
11
12
1
Focus
or 10
9
2
3 1 a 25 minutes b 50 minutes
ten to nine 8 4
c 35 minutes
7 6 5
2 a 40 minutes b 17 minutes
three thirty p.m. 3 a 10 minutes b 30 minutes

11 12 1
or 10 2
c train 2 or 10.20 a.m. train
9 3
half past three 8 4
7 6 5
Practice
afternoon 4 a 15 minutes b 20 minutes
c 32 minutes
eight thirty a.m.
11
12
1 5 a 35 minutes b 3.55 p.m.
or 10
9
2
3
half past eight in 8 4

6 14:43
7 6 5
the morning 7 2 hours
6 Joe is wrong. He should add 12 to the hours, Challenge

not the minutes. 8 8.35 a.m. or 25 minutes to nine
Practice 9 a 12:45 b 15 minutes

7 a 104 b 630 10 5 times
c 62 d 72 11 Missing times (from the top):
8 A 5.30 p.m. B 3.25 a.m. 11.13 a.m.
C 5.15 p.m. D 10.20 a.m. 10.35 a.m. 11.37 a.m.
10.53 a.m. 11.55 a.m.
9 quarter past 7 in the evening — 19:15
twenty past ten in the morning — 10:20
half past two in the afternoon — 14:30 3 Addition and
quarter to eleven in the morning — 10:45
10 a 10:00 b 18:00
subtraction of whole
c 23:00 d 08:00 numbers
11 15:45 → 16:45 → 17:45 → 18:45 → 19:45
Exercise 3.1
Challenge
Focus
12 16:10 07:15 21:45
1 63
13 a 3.10 p.m. b 11.55 p.m.
2 700
c 11.10 a.m. d 3.05 a.m.
3 46 + 54 = 100
14 08:10
4 513
15 15:25
16 Sara (85 secs), Petra (88 secs), Ingrid (91 secs),
Milly (94 secs), Neve (100 secs)
5 14
30 40 10 10
30 50
60 50
20 40 20
20 40 30
Practice
6 13
15
7 1250 3 5
8 22
9 1 5 4 3 1 4
20
2 2
56
The numbers at the end of each line are
36 interchangeable.
Exercise 3.2
63
Focus
1 +20 +3 +1
37 + 24 = 61
37
57 60 61
100
+40
37
74 + 38 = 112
74
–2
10 Δ = and = 4, Δ = 1 and = 3,
112 114
Δ = 2 and = 2, Δ = 3 and = 1,
Δ = 4 and =0
–20
2
–5
11 16 + 24 or 14 + 26 56 – 25 = 31
56
31 36
Challenge
12 8 –20
13 7972
65 – 19 = 46
+1 65
45 46
3 749 = 700 + 40 + 9 Exercise 3.3

Focus
568 = 500 + 60 + 8
1 H
2 16 42 106 even
1200 + 100 + 17 = 1317
3 odd + odd =
even
4 a 150 b 14 odd + even =
odd
Practice even + even =
5 4 a Always true, for example, 1 + 3 = 4,

72 106 25 + 13 = 38 (odd + odd = even)
b Never true. Counter example: 1 + 3 + 5 = 9
31 41 60 46 which is odd (odd + odd = even,
then even + odd = odd)
13 18 23 31 29 17
Practice
5 17 43 111 odd
67 95
6 True Not true

30 37 48 47


25 5 32 20 28 19 7 Leroy adds two odd numbers and an even
number. Odd + odd + even = even and 33 is odd.
6 7 8 6 8 odd − odd = even so the statement is never true.
+ 4 9 8 Do not accept one numerical answer such
as 13 − 9 = 4 and 4 is even.
1 4 Add the ones
1 7 0 Add the tens Challenge
1 1 0 0 Add the hundreds 9 16 41 90
1 2 8 4 248 511 1308
even, even, odd
7 a 762 b 324
10 true, false, true, false
8 594
11 The sum of three odd numbers is 22. ✗
Challenge
12 Sometimes true.
9 150, 250 and 350 or 50, 250 and 450
4 + 6 + 8 + 10 = 28 28 ÷ 4 = 7
10 74 + 26 or 76 + 24 2 + 4 + 8 + 12 = 26 26 ÷ 4 = 6 remainder 2
11 891
12 a 61 − 34 = 27 b 615 − 151 = 464
13 a Largest number 1395
b smallest number 603
4 Probability 5 Multiplication,
Exercise 4.1 multiples and factors
Focus Exercise 5.1
1 A dice lands on an even number. No chance
Focus
You will change into a fish tomorrow. Poor chance
1 Multiples of 10 are coloured twice because
You will breathe today. Even chance they are multiples of 2 and multiples of 5.
You will turn left today. Good chance
2
You will become famous tomorrow. Certain × 3 4 5
2 There is a good chance of taking a black ball 2 6 8 10

from the bag.
There is a poor chance of taking a white ball 4 12 16 20
from the bag.
There is no chance of taking a red ball from
the bag. 6 18 24 30
3 Answer depends on the outcomes of the

learners’ investigations.
3 1 2 3
Any number except 1 to 6. 4 8 8 1
Practice
2 8
4 a False b True c True
4 5
d False e True f True 4 9
Learners’ own sentences.
6 7
5 C 3 2
6 Table values depend on the outcomes of 8 9

6 0 1 4
learners’ investigations.
a There is no chance of getting 11.
4 1 and 18, 2 and 9, 3 and 6.
b It is certain to be a number less than 11.
5 1 36
c There is a poor chance of getting a 2.
2 18
Challenge 3 12
36
7 a Example: There is no chance of taking 4 9
a red T-shirt from the suitcase.
b Example: It is certain they will take 45
1
a T-shirt from the suitcase.
6
c Example: There is a poor chance of taking 3 15
a white T-shirt from the suitcase. 45
5 9
d Example: There is a good chance of taking
a T-shirt that is not white from the suitcase.
e Example: There is an even chance of
taking a black T-shirt.
8 EDBCA
9 Answers will vary from learner to learner.
Practice 13
× 3 7 9 4 2
6
15 6 30 35
5 15 35 45 20 10
5 3 2 6 5 7
6 18 42 54 24 12
3 9 21 27 12 6
63 36 42 56
8 24 56 72 32 16
7 9 4 6 7 8
4 12 28 36 16 8
7 a < b =
c > d =
× 3 5 7 6 10
8 7 17 27 37 47 57 67 77 87 97
9 49 3 9 15 21 18 30
10
1 11 6 5 15 25 35 30 50
5 2 13 17 7 21 35 49 42 70
25 10 Start 14 3 6 18 30 42 36 60
16 9 18 15
10 30 50 70 60 100
4 20 7
14 24 + 39 or 29 + 34
11 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 12 circled 15
1 2 4 8
Challenge
5 6 2 3
12
5 5
7 7 1 3
30 20 35 45
2 6 3 9
6 24 4 7 63 9
16 2 and 6
4 5
Exercise 5.2
Focus
28 12 20 45
1 30
7 21 3 4 36 9
2
13 34
6 2D shapes
39 65 68 238
Exercise 6.1
3 15 5 2 14 7
Focus
1 Enter
14 5
42 56 105 15
3 12 4 21 63 3
3 156
4 522
5 1 × 36 = 36 2 × 18 = 36 3 × 12 = 36
Practice
6 a left-hand side: 9 × 2 × 5 = 18 × 5 = 90
right-hand side: 9 × 2 × 5 = 9 × 10 = 90
right-hand side is better
b left-hand side: 2 × 5 × 7 = 10 × 7 = 70
2 a
right-hand side: 2 × 5 × 7 = 2 × 35 = 70
left-hand side is better
7 a 200 b 414 c 684
8 300 × 8, 600 × 4, 400 × 6 and 800 × 3 circled
9 120 and 441
10 250 × 3 150 × 5 375 × 2 125 × 6
Challenge b
11 Either girl with an appropriate explanation.

for example:
Amy because I prefer to find factors of the
larger number
6 × 15 = 15 + 15 + 15 + 15 + 15 + 15 = 90
12 a 636 b 1278 c 3584
13 702
14 9 (396 × 9 = 3564)
15 763 × 8 = 6104
c • is a parallelogram
• is a rectangle
• has 2 lines of symmetry.
7 Completed tessellating pattern
Exercise 6.2
Focus
1 Four lines of symmetry drawn: vertical line
down the centre, horizontal line through the
3 Drawing showing tessellating triangles.
centre and two diagonal lines corner to corner.
14 triangles tessellate in the space.
2
Practice
4 a The shapes are:
Triangle, square, triangle, quadrilateral
(parallelogram)
The new shape has 4 sides and 4 vertices.
3 Four lines of symmetry drawn: horizontal,
It has one pair of parallel sides.
vertical and two diagonal lines.
It is a quadrilateral (trapezium).
b The shapes are: Practice
Triangle, triangle, triangle, square 4 Two diagonal lines of symmetry drawn on
The new shape has 6 sides and 6 vertices. the tile.
It has one pair of parallel sides. It is a
hexagon. 5 Octagon Number of lines of symmetry
c The shapes are: A 8
Triangle, triangle, quadrilateral B 4
(parallelogram) C 0
The new shape has 6 sides and 6 vertices. D 2
It has two right angles. It is a hexagon.
6 The horizontal line circled.
5 Completed tessellating pattern.
Octagons and squares. Challenge
7 a Diagonal lines of symmetry drawn on.
Challenge
b 4
6
c No, for example, a rectangular pattern can
have a horizontal line of symmetry and
a vertical line of symmetry, but it cannot
have a diagonal line of symmetry.
8 a No more lines of symmetry drawn.
b 2
Any four from:
9 a No lines of symmetry drawn.
• has 4 sides
• has 4 vertices b 0
• has two pairs of parallel sides 10 a Octagon. 8 lines of symmetry drawn.
• has 4 right angles b Pentagon. 5 lines of symmetry drawn.
• is a quadrilateral c Decagon. 10 lines of symmetry drawn.
5 7 and 8
7 Fractions
Practice
Exercise 7.1 6 12 cards
Focus 7 7 cm
1 8 8
1
9 of 15
5
3 This gives the answer 3, but all the other

2 calculations give the answer 2.
4
2 10 6 squares, 3 squares, 2 squares and 1 square.

3 is greater than 2
4 6
Challenge
2
is less than 2
4 3 11 15 balloons
In order: 2 2 2 12 10 beads are blue. There are 20 beads

6 4 3 1
altogether. 2 of 20 = 10
Practice
1 1 1
4 B and E 13 of 16 = 4 of 20 = 5 of 24 = 6
4 4 4
3 1
5 a litre b litre
4 4 14 20
1
6 >1> 1
15 Show that 1 of $36 = $12 and 1 of $60 = $15
4 6 12 3 4
2
<2 2
> 2 so it is better to have $15.
12 6 3 12
1
is the smaller fraction but it is a quarter of a
4
Challenge
larger amount of money.
7 Same amount of space covered (equivalent).
8 Angles
4 3
8 and
5 10
9 Sometimes. If a shape is split into four equal

parts it is split into quarters. Exercise 8.1
Focus
Exercise 7.2
1 a Angle B circled. b Angle A circled.
Focus
c Angle B circled. d Angle A circled.
1 Ring around any 3 counters.
e Angle A circled. f Angle B circled.
2 4
2 a B circled. b D circled.
1
3 of 20 – Answer equal to 10 c C circled.
2
1
of 60 – Answer more than 10 Practice
5
1 3 a Angle A circled. b Angle A circled.
of 32 – Answer less than 10
4
1 c Angle B circled. d Angle B circled.
of 30 – Answer equal to 10
3
e Angle A circled. f Angle A circled.
4 $8
4 Learners’ answers and explanations. Challenge

5 a Angle of between 70 and 6 a Any acute-angled triangle.
110 degrees drawn. b Any right-angled triangle.
b Angle of between 20 and
c Any obtuse-angled triangle.
60 degrees drawn.
c Angle of between 120 and d Angles in parts a to c labelled.
150 degrees drawn. 7 a obtuse b acute c acute
d obtuse e acute
Challenge
6 B, D, A, E, C Exercise 8.3
7 C, E, A, B, D Focus
8 Learners’ explanations. 1 90 degrees
Exercise 8.2 2 a 45 degrees b 130 degrees

c 95 degrees d 30 degrees
Focus
e 160 degrees
1 f p m e o b t u s e
acute 3 A – 92 degrees, B – 169 degrees, C – 14
w z q s m a l l e r
angle degrees, D – 47 degrees, E – 132 degrees
t v c t o a c u t e
compare
s w o i f r a w d a
degrees Practice
u e m m e i c k v v
estimate
d x p a q g c v z n 4 a 4 right angles b 360 degrees
greater
z a a t k h a j v h
obtuse c 3 turns d 270 degrees
k g r e a t e r h g right
g d e g r e e s i g smaller 5 a Estimate between 5° and 25°.
v j a n g l e b h n b Estimate between 91° and 110°.
2 a, b and d circled. c Estimate between 150° and 170°.
3 Obtuse Acute d Estimate between 35° and 55°.
e Estimate between 70° and 85°.
Acute Obtuse f Estimate between 125° and 145°.
6 Learners’ answers and explanations.
Practice
4 All angles in ‘Acute angles’ box are less than Challenge
90 degrees. 7 a 3 right angles b 90 degrees
All angles in ‘Obtuse angles’ box are less than
180 degrees, but more than 90 degrees. 8 For every right angle there is 90 degrees of
turn.
5
start 9 a Angle between 85° and 95° drawn.
45 60 10 50 80 100 130
120 b Angle between 37° and 53° drawn.
165 100 175 70 20 150 165 70 c Angle between 10° and 30° drawn.
35 70 130 40 160 110 10 60 d Angle between 127° and 143° drawn.
65 80 145 20 70 50 60 30
e Angle between 95° and 110° drawn.
20 150 160 70 150 120 100 40
f Angle between 150° and 170° drawn.
50 100 60 20 110 40 160 80
10 170 30 40 135 70 110 145
end
30 155 125 105 170 60 30
120
Exercise 9.2
9 Comparing, rounding
Focus
and dividing 1 24 divided by 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Remainder 0 0 0 4 0 3 0 6 4
Exercise 9.1
There is no remainder when 24 is divided by 2,
Focus 3, 4, 6 and 8.
1 a 3510 b 3490 c 4660 There is the same remainder when 24 is
divided by 5 and 10 or any other relevant
2 85 94 86
observation.
3 a 5650 5656 6505 6550 6555 2 13 jugs
b 1234 1432 2134 2341 2413
3 a 13 b 12
4 a 8216 > 8126 b 6031 > 6013
4 16 packs
5 6162, 6164, 6166, 6168
5 16 and 8
Practice Practice
6 a 3500 b 3000 c 5000
6 7 children
7 Number Rounded Rounded Rounded 7 8 boxes
to the to the to the
nearest nearest nearest 8 4 photos
thousand hundred ten 9 85
4155 4000 4200 4160
10 1 and 36, 2 and 18, 3 and 12, 4 and 9, 6 and 6
4505 5000 4500 4510 (numbers in any order)
5455 5000 5500 5460
Challenge
8 3170 and 3180 11 10
9 Learners’ own numbers. 12 Mercury
10 8800 metres 13
11 a 4000 b 30 000 c 500 000 7 12
Challenge 21 36
12 a
D A B C E 17 51 18 6
45 30
1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 CE
b Isaac Newton Carl Gauss Leonhard 15 10

Euler Ada Lovelace Alan Turing
13 455 119 > 455 110 The number in the outer circle is the number
855 900 < 897 910 in the inner circle divided by 3.
98 150 > 91 899
500 779 < 686 400
259 420 > 100 192
3
3 9
15 45
15 75 35 7
85 60
17 12
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
The number in the outer circle is the number Number of green sweets in the packets
in the inner circle divided by 5
4 Question: How many seeds are there in
14 Coconuts cost $2 each. a packet?
How many coconuts
I will count how many seeds are in
can be bought for $15?
each packet.
Round up I will record the number of seeds in a table or
14 peaches are put in dot plot.
bags. Each bag holds
4 peaches. How many Practice
full bags are there? 5 a Number of cars How many hours?
10 3
A minibus holds 12
people. 50 people go on 11 2
Round down
an outing. How many 12 0
minibuses are needed? 13 5
14 2
15 1 and 60, 2 and 30, 3 and 20, 4 and 15, 5 and
12, 6 and 10 (numbers in any order). b
10 Collecting and
recording data
Exercise 10.1
Focus
1 Number of birds How many days?
10 11 12 13 14
3 2
Number of cars each hour
4 3
6 a 0 b 14 c 5
5 4
d Individual answers.
6 2
7 2 7 How many cubes can my friends hold in
one hand?
8 1
People I will use: names of friends.
2 a 1 b 6 c 6 Table completed individually.
Challenge b 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30
= = = = = = = = =
4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40
8 a
Number of seeds Number of packets 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
c = = = = = = = = =
21 1 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30
22 3 1 5 2 3 1 2 5 7
2 a , , , b , , ,
23 4 3 8 3 4 2 3 6 8
24 3 3 a < b <
25 0
Practice
26 1
4 H and P
b 5 1
0 2 1
1 2 2
4 5 3
3 5 1
6 a b c
4 6 2
3
7 > 1 4 > 1 5 > 1 6 > 1 7 > 1
8 4 8 4 8 4 8 4 8 4
5
21 22 23 24 25 26 > 2 6 > 2 7 > 2
8 4 8 4 8 4
Number of packets
7
>3
c 0 d 21 e 4 8 4
f Answers could include: Challenge

Dot plot 3 6 9
8 = =
4 8 12
It is easier in a dot plot to see which
categories have the most and least 2 4 6
= =
number. It is easier in a dot plot to count 3 6 9
3
the number that is more or less. = 6 = 30
10 20 100
9 Question: How many cubes can my friends 2 4 10
connect together in a line in one minute? = =
5 10 25
People I will use: Names of friends. 5 10 20
= =
Equipment I will need: Cubes, stopwatch (or 6 12 24
2
other device for measuring one minute). 9 and 10 are equivalent so 9
is the odd
Plots will vary. Axis should be labelled 3 15 12
‘Number of cubes in the line’. one out. Or 2 and 10 have even numbers as
3 15
9
numerators so is the odd one out.
11 Fractions and 12
Other answers are possible.

percentages 10 Answers such as:
= 20 and = 30
Exercise 11.1
= 40 and = 60
Focus
= 60 and = 90
1 2 3 4 5
1 a = = = = = 6 = 7 = 8 = 9 = 10
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 = 80 and = 120
11 5
8
circled 12 Investigating
12 Yes. Sevenths are greater than ninths because
the whole is divided into a smaller number of
3D shapes and nets
parts.
Exercise 12.1
Exercise 11.2 Focus
Focus 1 Arrow from ‘face’ to any flat surface on
1 34% and 25% the shape.
Arrow from ‘edge’ to any line on the shape.
2 Shade: a 50 squares b 75 squares c 10
Arrow from ‘vertex’ to any point where three
squares
lines meet on the shape.
3 a 35% b 36% c 72% 2 a 12 b 8 c 6
d 14% e 67% 3 a Triangle b Rectangle
Practice 4 Pentagon, pentagon, rectangle, rectangle,

rectangle, rectangle, rectangle
4 Shade: a 55 squares b 48 squares
c 1 square
Practice
5 5 A tetrahedron has: 4 faces, 6 edges and
4 vertices.
6 B, D and E ticked
80 %
7 Any pyramid
67% 75%
8 Cone or cylinder
Challenge
25% 20%
9 Shape Number Number Number
of faces of of
edges vertices
50% 33% Cuboid 6 12 8
50% Triangular 5 9 6
prism
6 20% Pentagon- 6 10 6
based
Challenge pyramid
7 50% 25% 75% 50% Hexagonal 8 18 12
prism
8 80 learners
Square- 5 8 5
9 15% based
pyramid
10 a Shade 10 squares
b Shade 10 squares 10 Ticks beside triangular prism, tetrahedron and
square-based pyramid.
11 For example, triangular prisms and triangle-
based pyramids both have some faces that are
triangles. They are different because a triangular
prism has 5 faces and a triangle-based pyramid
has 4 faces.
Exercise 12.2 7 445 + 55 or 455 + 45

8 1
Focus
1 Net B circled Challenge
2 Net C circled 9
5 4 9
3 Pentagon-based pyramid circled
+ 1 9 3
Practice
4 Square-based pyramid 7 4 2
5 Net C circled
10 Possible solutions: 987 − 654 = 300 and
6 A – cone
975 − 864 = 111
B – cube
C – cylinder 11 605 + 197 = 802
7 Octagon-based pyramid 12 13 more girls
13 545 + 355 = 900 86 + 814 = 900
Challenge
791 + 109 = 900 437 + 463 = 900
8 A – tetrahedron
B – square-based pyramid Exercise 13.2
C – cuboid
D – heptagonal prism Focus
9 Possible answers include: 1 1
4
• The net has only 5 faces, but a
pentagon-based pyramid has 6 faces. 2 2
5 1
• The net is missing one triangular face. 4
10 Octagonal prism 5
3 6
5 6
8
13 Addition and 2
8 3
4
subtraction 1
6
4
5
Exercise 13.1 1
5
Focus
8 4
1 474 boys and girls 3 a b
6 8
2 a 66 b 104 c 156 8 2
c d
12 12
3 943 − 349 = 594
6 5
4 a b
4 47 children 8 8
3
5
Practice 8
5 a 127 + 212 = 339 km

b 188 + 334 = 522 km
6 101
Practice 14 8
9
6 Accept correctly simplified answers or
mixed numbers. 15 21
20
8
6 12 9 12
7 4 9
20 20
4
13 7
3 8 6 2 7 5
3 20 20 20
3 3
5 9 7
8
3 5
7
10
7
9 8
14 Area and perimeter
5
8 2
Exercise 14.1
9 7
9 Focus
8
1 Line 1 = 4 cm
5 Line 2 = 2 cm
9
9
5
Line 3 = 4 cm
9 3 Line 4 = 2 cm
9 Perimeter = 12 cm
2 52 m
4
9 3 Three shapes added to the grid – each 8 cm2.
6
9 4 a 5 cm2 b 7 cm2 c 12 cm2
1 3
9 + and 2 + 2 Practice
3 3 3 3
5 a 16 cm b 18 cm c 16 cm
5 5
10 a b
9 7 6 65 m
Challenge 7 Four shapes drawn – each with an area of

9 cm2.
4
11 2 5 8 a 6 cm2 b 8 cm2 c 14 cm2
7 4 9
3
1 4 Challenge
3 8 6
4
3 9 9 146 mm (allow 144 mm to 148 mm)
9 9 12
3 10 16 cm2
6 7
5 7 9
11 Four shapes with curved sides – each with
1 6 estimated area 6 cm2.
12 + 2 + 5 3 + 4
3 3 3 3 3 3
12 82 m
Accept equivalents.
13 a Any pair of fractions with a sum of 7 ,

Exercise 14.2
8
Focus
for example 1 and 6
8 8 1 a Rectangle
b Any pair of fractions with a difference of
b Correctly labelled sides of 2 cm and 7 cm.
3
, for example 4 and 1 c 18 cm
8 8 8
2 a 3 b 12, 15, 18
c 1 cm d 18 cm2 circled
15 Special numbers
3 a 5 b 5 cm Exercise 15.1
c 4 d 4 cm
e The length of the rectangle is the same as Focus
the number of squares in a row. 1 a −9 ° C, −2 ° C, 0 ° C, 3 ° C
b −8 ° C, −4 °C, 3 °C, 7 ° C
Practice
c −10 ° C, −2 ° C, 2 ° C, 7 ° C
4 Rectangle drawn with sides 8 cm and 5 cm.
2 a −15, −10, −5, 0, 5, 10
Perimeter = 26 cm
5 a 8 b 32 cm2 circled b The numbers go up by 5 each time.
c No. The numbers in the pattern end in 5
6 There are 7 squares in each row and 3 squares or 0, and 71 ends in 1.
in each column.
The rectangle is 7 cm long and 3 cm wide. 3 −1
3 rows of 7 makes 21 squares altogether. 4 −6 or −5
The area of the rectangle is 3 multiplied by 7.
Practice
The area of the rectangle is 21 cm2.
7 a Area = 24 m2 , perimeter = 22 m 5 a −8 ° C, −4 ° C, −2 ° C, 1 ° C, 3 ° C
b −13 ° C, −7 ° C, −2 ° C, 4 ° C, 13 ° C
b Area = 10 km2, perimeter = 14 km
c −7 ° C, −6 ° C, −4 ° C, 0 ° C, 6 ° C
c Area = 80 mm2, perimeter = 36 mm
6 6 > −17 −16 < −13 0 > −2
d Area = 49 cm2, perimeter = 28 cm
7 There are many solutions, two of which are:
Challenge –17 < –13 < –4 < –3, 12 > 7 > 5
8 Perimeter = 18 cm Area = 20 cm 2 –3 < 5 < 7 < 12, –4 > –13 > –17
8 −4 and 0 circled
9 a Missing sides are 3 m and 1 m
Perimeter = 8 m Challenge
b Missing sides are 9 km and 6 km 9 −15, −8, −1
Perimeter = 30 km 6 > −1 > −8 > −15 > −22
c Missing sides are 72 mm and 6 mm 10 a Ulaanbaatar
Perimeter = 156 mm b Karachi
10 The area of a rectangle can be calculated by c −20 ° C, −8 ° C, −3 ° C, 1 ° C, 5 ° C, 14 ° C,
multiplying the length of the rectangle by its 18 ° C
width. 11 −3 > −4 −19 < 11 0 > −1
11 a 60 km 2
b 99 mm 2
12 −6 and −14
c 64 cm 2
Exercise 15.2
d 7 m2
Focus
1 12
2 63, 70 and 77
3 3 and 7 are factors of 21 because 3 × 7 = 21
21 is a multiple of 3 and 7 because 21÷ 3 = 7
and 21÷ 7 = 3
4 50 should be in the same part of the diagram as 45.

5 1 × 24, 2 × 12, 3 × 8, 4 × 6
6 A square number is a number multiplied by the same number, 3 × 3 = 9.
Practice
7 45
8 All multiples of 4 are even and 5 is odd.
9 64 25 24 65
10 a 1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 20 b 20, 40, 60, 80
11 1 + 4 in either order 9 + 16 in either order
Challenge
12 49. It is a square number.
13 36 and 54 or 34 and 56
45 and 63 or 43 and 65
14 a 8 is the odd one out because all the other numbers have 2 digits.
b 12 is the odd one out because it is the only one that has 3 as a factor.
c 25 is the odd one out because it is the only odd number.
d 40 is the odd one out because it is the only one divisible by 10.
15
Is it a negative number?
Yes No
Is the number even? Is the number even?
Yes No Yes No
Is the number Is the number Is the number a Is the number a

less than –20? less than –20? multiple of 9? multiple of 9?
Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No
–24 –14 –21 –5 18 14 27 19
Exercise 15.3
Focus
1 232, 234
2
divisible by 2 divisible by 5
16 Data display and
302 25
interpretation
52 400 205
Exercise 16.1
502
Focus
203
1 a Pictogram b Dot plot
3 Divisible by 2 – ones digit is 0, 2, 4, 6 or 8 c Carroll diagram d Frequency table
Divisible by 5 – ones digit is 0 or 5
2 a Carroll diagram, because it is a sorting
Divisible by 10 – ones digit is 0
diagram.
Divisible by 100 – tens and ones digits are 0
b Bar chart, because it shows numbers of
Practice things so that they can be compared.
4 a 2 3
b 5, 10 Less Odd
than 10 1
11 13
5 10 12
2 4 3 5
Divisible Divisible by Divisible by 5, 14 15
by 5 5 and 10 10 and 100 16 8 9 17
18 6 7
25 310 500 19
20
105 690 1000
4 Correctly completed Carroll diagram with
6 1 70 20 80 3 13 61 17 43 52 54 90 31 learners’ categories.
27 4 63 32 69 39 44 19 29 75 9 14 59
5
67 62 46 10 53 22 70 25 7 12 28 55 73 Bar chart showing how many pets
each person has
63 8 17 34 29 77 32 71 43 59 49 62 79 20
41 30 38 34 73 33 51 51 69 53 57 105 87 18
16
Number of people
17
14
Challenge 12
7 No, 15 553 does not end in 5 or 0. 10
8
8 205 is odd. Numbers divisible by 2 and 10
must be even. 6
4
9 a 300 and 600
2
b 50, 300, 350, 600, 650 0
0 1 2 3 4
c 50, 75, 300, 350, 600, 650, 675 Number of pets
10 17
a 9 b 4
Practice
6 a Venn diagram b Bar chart
7 a Venn diagram, Carroll diagram
b Two from bar chart, pictogram and
dot plot
8 13 a Numbers 6, 10, 11, 14, 19, 20 circled.

Odd b There are no factors of 12 that are odd
21 23 28 22 24 and not less than 10.
27 29
26
7 1 3 14 Correctly completed Carroll diagram.
25
6 11 9 19 5 15
13 Time for Anna to get to school
8 4 17
2 15 Multiple
16 12 of 5
14 18 28
Less 10
30 20 26
than 20
Number of minutes to get to school

24
22
9 Clara should have curly hair and no glasses. 20
18
10 Answer depends on the data collected by
learners. 16
Learners should choose to represent the data 14
in a bar chart, dot plot or pictogram. They 12
should give the reason that the graph or chart 10
they have chosen to represent their data shows
8
the number of names in each group so each
group can be easily compared. 6
4
11 Number of birds Basil saw on each day
2
0
1 2 3 4 5
Number of birds
10 Day
8
6
4 Time for Carlos to get to school
Number of minutes to get to school
2 20
0 18
1 2 3 4 5
16
Day
14
a Both Daisy and Basil saw 10 birds 12

on day 1. 10
b Daisy saw many more birds than Basil. 8
In total Daisy saw 64 birds, but Basil only 6
saw 31 birds. 4
c Learners might refer to Daisy and Basil 2
being in different places, in different 0
seasons, or experiencing different weather 1 2 3 4 5
that might affect the number of birds. Day
Challenge a The same scale makes the data in the bar

charts easier to compare.
12 a A Carroll diagram can be used to sort
numbers, shapes or other items according b Anna and Carlos both took the longest
to their properties. time to get to school on day 5.
b A pictogram is used to display data so c Anna took longer to get to school than
that it can be more easily interpreted and Carlos on every day.
compared.
d Learners might refer to Anna and Carlos 9 Paula has 2 × 8 = 16 balloons and Milly has
living different distances from school or 4 × 16 = 64 balloons.
using different forms of transportation,
for example walking or catching a bus. 10 30 × 5 or 50 × 3
Challenge
17 Multiplication and 11 821 × 9 = 7389 (921 × 8 = 7368)
division 12 40 × 5 = 200 but learners have recorded this

as 20, which may indicate a place value error.
The correct answer is 3705.
Exercise 17.1 13 80 × 4 = 320 or 40 × 8 = 320
Focus 14 7 (476 × 7 = 3332)
1 24 comics
15 Yes and three examples, such as:
2 78 tins Using 12, 13 and 14: 12 + 13 + 14 = 39
3 The 4 tens should be carried. and 13 × 3 = 39
The correct answer is 282. Exercise 17.2

4 Yes, because 300 × 8 = 2400
Focus
5 144 1 29
Either: 48 × 4 = 192 → 192 − 48 = 144
or 48 × 3 = 144 2 16
3 5 pencils; 7 cents
Practice
6 290 4 No.
50 ÷ 6 = 8 r2 so Conrad needs 9 boxes to hold
7 a all the eggs.
19
5 15 trays
Practice
133 76
6 2 photos
7 1 and 24, 2 and 12, 3 and 8, 4 and 6
7 28 4 (numbers in either order).
8 True False
b 70 ÷ 7 = 10 25 ÷ 4 = 5
17 63 ÷ 7 = 9 76 ÷ 9 = 8
63 ÷ 9 = 7 84 ÷ 8 = 11
45 ÷ 5 = 9 29 ÷ 3 = 9
51 136 76 ÷ 9 = 8
9 No, the teacher needs 16 more pens.

24 × 6 = 144 160 – 144 = 16 or
3 24 8 25 × 6 = 150 which is less than 160 or any
other valid explanation.
10 9
8 Ollie is correct.
Erik has forgotten to add in the 1 hundred
that has been carried.
Challenge 3 y-axis
11 1 and 48, 2 and 24, 3 and 16, 4 and 12, 6 and 8 (2, 6)
(numbers in either order). 6
12 75 ÷ 5 = 15 but all the other answers are 12. 5 (4, 4)

Accept any other valid choice provided it is
4
clearly explained.
(1, 2)
13 < < < 3
14 2 (5, 3)
96
1
(3, 0)
8 12 0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 x-axis
4 2 6
4 y-axis
15 28 rhombuses. (She makes 56 ÷ 4 = 14 fish
and each fish uses 2 rhombuses.) 6
5
18 Position, direction 4
and movement 3
Exercise 18.1 2
Focus 1
1 N
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 x-axis
NW NE
W E Pentagon
SW SE
Practice
5 a i S (South)
S ii SW (South-west)
2 1. North-east iii NE (North-east)
2. East b NW (North-west)
3. South c SE (South-east)
4. South-west 6 quadrant
5. South-east
7 a y-axis 10 y-axis
6 6
5
5
4
4
3
3
2
1 2
0 1
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 x-axis
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 x-axis
b Rectangle (5, 4)
Challenge Exercise 18.2

8 N Focus
0 degrees
NW 315 degrees NE 45 degrees

1
W 270 degrees E 90 degrees
SW 225 degrees SE 135 degrees
S
180 degrees
9 y-axis
(5, 6)
6
5 (4, 5)
4 2
(5, 4)
3
2 (2, 2)
1
(1, 0)
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 x-axis
3 a (1, 4) (3, 6) (5, 4) in any order. 5

b y-axis
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 x-axis
c (1, 4) (3, 2) (5, 4) in any order. 6 a (2, 3) (2, 6) (5, 3) (5, 6) in any order.
d Square b Rectangle
c Shape reflected to give a rectangle.
Practice
7 More than one solution. One possible
4 solution is:
y-axis
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 x-axis
Challenge c y-axis
8
6
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 x-axis
11 More than one solution. One possible

solution is:
y-axis
9
6
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 x-axis
10 a Octagon
b (3, 4) (5, 4) (6, 3) (4, 2) (1, 3) in any order.

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CAMBRIDGE PRIMARY MATHEMATICS 4: TEACHER’S RESOURCE

7 a −4 and 12 b −10, 10 and 15

Add 5 to previous term (you add one more Challenge

Exercise 1.3 Challenge

three thirty p.m. 3 a 10 minutes b 30 minutes

half past eight in 8 4

6 Joe is wrong. He should add 12 to the hours, Challenge

Practice 9 a 12:45 b 15 minutes

3 749 = 700 + 40 + 9 Exercise 3.3

5 4 a Always true, for example, 1 + 3 = 4,

2 There is a good chance of taking a black ball 2 6 8 10

3 Answer depends on the outcomes of the

6 Table values depend on the outcomes of 8 9

11 Either girl with an appropriate explanation.

3 This gives the answer 3, but all the other

2 10 6 squares, 3 squares, 2 squares and 1 square.

In order: 2 2 2 12 10 beads are blue. There are 20 beads

9 Sometimes. If a shape is split into four equal

4 Learners’ answers and explanations. Challenge

Exercise 8.2 2 a 45 degrees b 130 degrees

b Isaac Newton Carl Gauss Leonhard 15 10

f Answers could include: Challenge

Other answers are possible.

Practice 4 Pentagon, pentagon, rectangle, rectangle,

Exercise 12.2 7 445 + 55 or 455 + 45

5 a 127 + 212 = 339 km

Challenge 7 Four shapes drawn – each with an area of

13 a Any pair of fractions with a sum of 7 ,

4 50 should be in the same part of the diagram as 45.

Is the number even? Is the number even?

Is the number Is the number Is the number a Is the number a

Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No

–24 –14 –21 –5 18 14 27 19

8 13 a Numbers 6, 10, 11, 14, 19, 20 circled.

Number of minutes to get to school

a Both Daisy and Basil saw 10 birds 12

Challenge a The same scale makes the data in the bar

division 12 40 × 5 = 200 but learners have recorded this

The correct answer is 282. Exercise 17.2

9 No, the teacher needs 16 more pens.

12 75 ÷ 5 = 15 but all the other answers are 12. 5 (4, 4)

Challenge Exercise 18.2

NW 315 degrees NE 45 degrees

W 270 degrees E 90 degrees

SW 225 degrees SE 135 degrees

3 a (1, 4) (3, 6) (5, 4) in any order. 5

11 More than one solution. One possible

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5 4 a Always true, for example, 1 + 3 = 4,

13 a Any pair of fractions with a sum of 7 ,