Created by T.

Madas

st
1 ORDER O.D.E.
EXAM QUESTIONS

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 1 (**)

dy 4 y
+ = 6x − 5 , x > 0 .
dx x

Determine the solution of the above differential equation subject to the boundary
condition is y = 1 at x = 1 .

Give the answer in the form y = f ( x ) .

1
FP2-Q , y = x 2 − x +
x4

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 2 (**+)

dy
+ y tan x = e2 x cos x , y ( 0 ) = 2 .
dx

Show that the solution of the above differential equation is

1 2x
y=
2
( )
e + 3 cos x .

FP2-R , proof

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 3 (**+)
The velocity of a particle v ms −1 at time t s satisfies the differential equation

dv
t = v +t , t > 0.
dt

Given that when t = 2 , v = 8 , show that when t = 8

v = 16 ( 2 + ln 2 ) .

proof

Question 4 (**+)

dy
x + 4 y = 8 x 4 , subject to y = 1 at x = 1 .
dx

Show that the solution of the above differential equation is

y = x4 .

proof

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 5 (***)

dy
sin x = sin x sin 2 x + y cos x .
dx

3 π π
Given that y = at x = , find the exact value of y at x = .
2 6 4

1+ 2

Question 6 (***)

1
dy
(
x + 2 y = 9 x x3 + 1
dx
) 2
, with y = 27 at x = 2 .
2

Show that the solution of the above differential equation is

3
2
y=
x2
( )
x3 + 1 2 .

proof

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 7 (***)
A trigonometric curve C satisfies the differential equation

dy
cos x + y sin x = cos3 x .
dx

a) Find a general solution of the above differential equation.

b) Given further that the curve passes through the Cartesian origin O , sketch the
graph of C for 0 ≤ x ≤ 2π .
The sketch must show clearly the coordinates of the points where the graph of
C meets the x axis.

y = sin x cos x + A cos x

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 8 (***)
20 grams of salt are dissolved into a beaker containing 1 litre of a certain chemical.

The mass of salt, M grams, which remains undissolved t seconds later, is modelled by
the differential equation

dM 2M
+ +1 = 0 , t ≥ 0 .
dt 20 − t

Show clearly that

M = 1 (10 − t )( 20 − t ) .
10

proof

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 9 (***+)
Given that z = f ( x ) and y = g ( x ) satisfy the following differential equations

dz dy
+ 2 z = e −2 x and + 2y = z ,
dx dx

a) Find z in the form z = f ( x )

dy
b) Express y in the form y = g ( x ) , given further that at x = 0 , y = 1 , =0
dx

( )
z = ( x + C ) e −2 x , y = 1 x 2 + 2 x + 1 e−2 x
2

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 10 (***+)

dy
x = y 2 + 1 , x > 0 , with y = 0 at x = 2 .
dx

Show that the solution of the above differential equation is

x 1
y= − .
4 x

proof

Question 11 (***+)

dy
( x + 1) = y + x + x 2 , x > −1 .
dx

Given that y = 2 at x = 1 , solve the above differential equation to show that

y = 4 ( 3 − ln 2 ) at x = 3 .

proof

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 12 (***+)

dy
+ ky = cos3 x , k is a non zero constant.
dx

By finding a complimentary function and a particular integral, or otherwise, find the

general of the above differential equation.

k 3
y = A e− x + 2
cos3x + sin 3x
9+k 9 + k2

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 13 (***+)

( 2 x − 4 y 2 ) dydx + y = 0 .
By reversing the role of x and y in the above differential equation, or otherwise, find
its general solution.

FP2-L , xy 2 = y 4 + C

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 14 (****)
The curve with equation y = f ( x ) satisfies

dy
x
dx
( )
+ (1 − 2 x ) y = 4 x , x > 0 , f (1) = 3 e 2 − 1 .

Determine an equation for y = f ( x ) .

3 1
y = ex − − 2
x x

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 15 (****)
A curve C , with equation y = f ( x ) , passes through the points with coordinates (1,1)
and ( 2, k ) , where k is a constant.

Given further that the equation of C satisfies the differential equation

dy
x2 + xy ( x + 3) = 1 ,
dx

determine the exact value of k .

e +1
FP2-J , k =
8e

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 16 (****)

dy 1
(1 − x2 ) dx + y = (1 − x 2 ) (1 − x ) 2 , −1 < x < 1 .

2 1
Given that y = at x = , show that the solution of the above differential equation
2 2
can be written as

2
y=
3
(1 − x2 ) (1 + x ) .
FP2-O , proof

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 17 (****)
A curve C , with equation y = f ( x ) , meets the y axis the point with coordinates ( 0,1) .

It is further given that the equation of C satisfies the differential equation

dy
= x − 2y .
dx

a) Determine an equation of C .

b) Sketch the graph of C .

The graph must include in exact simplified form the coordinates of the
stationary point of the curve and the equation of its asymptote.

SYNF-A , y = 1 x − 1 + 5 e−2 x
2 4 4

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 18 (****)

dy y 5
+ = , x >0.
dx x ( )(
x2 + 2 4 x2 + 3 )
Given that y = 1 ln 7 at x = 1 , show that the solution of the above differential equation
2 6
can be written as

1  4 x2 + 3 
y= ln  .
2 x  2 x 2 + 4 

FP2-M , proof

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 19 (****)

dy 2
x + 3 y = x e− x , x > 0 .
dx

Show clearly that the general solution of the above differential equation can be written
in the form

2
( )
2 yx3 + x 2 + 1 e− x = constant .

proof

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 20 (****)
The general point P lies on the curve with equation y = f ( x ) .

The gradient of the curve at P is 2 more than the gradient of the straight line segment
OP .

Given further that the curve passes through Q (1, 2 ) , express y in terms of x .

y = 2 x (1 + ln x )

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 21 (****+)
A curve with equation y = f ( x ) passes through the origin and satisfies the differential
equation

3
dy
(
2 y 1+ x 2
) dx
(
+ xy 2 = 1 + x 2 ) 2
.

By finding a suitable integrating factor, or otherwise, show clearly that

2 x3 + 3x
y = .
3 x2 + 1

SPX-V , proof

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 22 (****+)
The curve with equation y = f ( x ) passes through the origin, and satisfies the
relationship

d 
y x 2 + 1  = x5 + 2 x3 + x + 3 xy .
( )
dx  

Determine a simplified expression for the equation of the curve.

2 1

( ) ( )
SPX-I , y = 1 x 2 + 1 − 1 x 2 + 1
3 3
2

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 23 (****+)
A curve with equation y = f ( x ) passes through the point with coordinates ( 0,1) and
satisfies the differential equation

dy
y2 + y 3 = 4e x .
dx

By finding a suitable integrating factor, solve the differential equation to show that

y 3 = 3e x − 2e −3 x .

SPX-E , proof

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 24 (****+)
π π 
It is given that a curve with equation y = f ( x ) passes through the point  ,  and
4 4
satisfies the differential equation

 dy 
 − tan x  sin 2 x = y .
 dx 

Find an equation for the curve in the form y = f ( x ) .

SPX-H , y = x tan x

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 25
The variables x and y satisfy

dy
(2 y − x) = y , y > 0, x > 0 .
dx

1
If y = 1 at x = 2 , show that x = y + .
y

V , FP3-T , proof

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 26
The variables x and y satisfy

dy y ( y + 1)
= , y > 0.
dx y − x − xy − 1

If y = 1 at x = 1 − ln 4 , show that y + ln ( y + 1) = 0 at x = 3 .

V , SPX-O , proof

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 27 (*****)
The curve with equation y = f ( x ) has the line y = 1 as an asymptote and satisfies the
differential equation

dy
x3 − x = xy + 1 , x ≠ 0 .
dx

Solve the above differential equation, giving the solution in the form y = f ( x ) .

− 1x 1
SPX-J , y = e −
x

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 28 (*****)

( )
It is given that a curve with equation x = f ( y ) passes through the point 0, 1 and
2
satisfies the differential equation

dy
( 2 y + 3x ) = y.
dx

Find an equation for the curve in the form x = f ( y ) .

SPX-D , x = 4 y 3 − y

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 29 (*****)
Use suitable manipulations to solve this exact differential equation.

dy
4x
dx
+ sin 2 y = 4 cos 2 y , ( )
y 1 =0.
4

Given the answer in the form y = f ( x ) .

 1 
SPX-P , y = arctan  2 −
 x 

Created by T. Madas