2012-13 Final Exam. F.

5 Chemistry page 13

B
S.K.H. Tsang Shiu Tim Secondary School Name:______________________
F.5 Final Examination (2012-2013)
Class: ____________ ( )
CHEMISTRY

SECTION B
Question No. Marks
This paper must be answered in English.
1

INSTRUCTIONS FOR SECTION B

2

3
(1) Write your name, class and class number in the
space provided on this page. 4

(2) Refer to the general instructions on the cover of 5

the Question Book for Section A.
6
(3) Answer ALL questions. Write your answers in the
7
spaces provided in this Question-Answer Book.
Do not write in the margins. Answers written in
the margins will not be marked. 8

9
(4) An asterisk (*) has been put next to the questions
where effective communication is assessed.
10

(5) Supplementary answer sheets will be provided on 11

request. Write your name, class and class
number, fill in the question number. Tie them 12
loosely but securely with a string INSIDE this
Question-Answer Book.
13

14
(6) A Periodic Table is printed on page 29 of this
Question-Answer Book. Atomic numbers and Total
relative atomic masses of elements can be
obtained from the Periodic Table.
 2012-13 Final Exam. F.5 Chemistry page 14

Section B: Structured Questions (84 marks)

Answer ALL questions and write your answers in the spaces provided.

1. For each of the following reactions, write (a) chemical equation(s) and state the
observation(s).

(a) Dilute nitric acid is added to copper and warm.

(2 marks)

(b) Aqueous ammonia is added to silver nitrate solution until excess.

(2 marks)

(c) Warm acidified potassium permanganate solution with sodium sulphite solution.

(2 marks)

(d) Warm solid calcium hydroxide with solid ammonium chloride.

(2 marks)
 2012-13 Final Exam. F.5 Chemistry page 15

2. For each of the following reactions, give the structural formula of the major organic
product(s) and give the observations.

(a) Propene is bubbled to neutral KMnO4 solution.

(2 marks)

(b) Mix aqueous methanoic acid with sodium hydroxide solution.

(2 marks)

(c) Add hydrochloric acid to CH3(CH2)16CO2-Na+(aq).

(2 marks)

(d) Polymerisation of propene.

(2 marks)
 2012-13 Final Exam. F.5 Chemistry page 16

3. (a) Complete the table below for the three types of binary covalent compounds by
giving ONE example and stating its molecular shape for each type.

Type Example Molecular shape

XY2
(Two lone
pairs on X)

XY3
(One lone
pair on X)

XY4
(No lone
pair on X)

(3 marks)

[Note: For the three cases, X / Y are not necessarily the same i.e. X in the three
cases could be different, so as Y.]

(b) Arrange the hydrogen halides HF, HCl and HBr in increasing order of boiling
point. Explain your arrangement.

(3 marks)
 2012-13 Final Exam. F.5 Chemistry page 17

*4. For the following oxides, comment on their acid-base behavior with the help of chemical
equations.

MgO, Al2O3, SO2

(6 marks)
 2012-13 Final Exam. F.5 Chemistry page 18

5. Methanol is a clean fuel. As compared with the combustion of gasoline, the combustion
of gasoline-methanol mixtures in car engines gives less air pollutants, particularly carbon
monoxide. However, there are problems associated with the use of these mixed fuels. One
of them is that it is difficult to get miscible mixtures of the two liquids, and another is that
these mixtures are hygroscopic (i.e. they absorb water).

(a) Write a chemical equation showing the complete combustion of methanol.

(1 mark)

(b) Suggest why the hygroscopic property of a gasoline-methanol mixture poses a

problem when it is used in cars.

(1 mark)

(c) Methanol is also used in direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC). The working principle
of DMFC is based on the oxidation of CH3OH(aq) by atmospheric oxygen on a
platinum catalyst under an acidic condition to give CO2(g) and H2O(l). DMFCs
are now used in powering small vehicles and portable electronic devices such as
laptop computers.

(i) Write the half-equation for the cathodic reaction and that for the anodic
reaction when a DMFC is producing a current.

cathodic reaction:

anodic reaction:

(ii) State ONE advantage of using DMFCs over using rechargeable batteries in
portable electronic devices.

(3 marks)
 2012-13 Final Exam. F.5 Chemistry page 19

6. Manganese is a transition metal. Like other transition metals, manganese forms a number
of coloured compounds. KMnO4(aq) reacts with concentrated KOH(aq) to give green
K2MnO4(aq) and O2(g).

(a) State the colour of aqueous KMnO4(aq).

(1 mark)

(b) Write the chemical equation for the reaction between KMnO4(aq) with
concentrated KOH(aq).

(1 mark)

(c) Explain whether the reaction between KMnO4(aq) and concentrated KOH(aq) is a
redox reaction.

(1 mark)

(d) When KMnO4 accidentally touches the hands of a person, a brown substance is
found to stain on the skin. Name this brown substance.

(1 mark)
 2012-13 Final Exam. F.5 Chemistry page 20

7. Both arsenic and bromine are elements in Period 4 of the Periodic Table. They form
fluorides with chemical formulae AsF5 and BrF5 respectively.

(a) AsF5 has the same molecular shape of PCl5. Draw a 3-dimensional
representation of AsF5.

(1 mark)

(b) The 3-dimensional representation of BrF5 is as follows.

On the above diagram, write the partial charges on each atom.

(1 mark)

(c) Suggest why the boiling point of BrF5 (40oC) is higher than that of AsF5 (–53oC).

(2 marks)

(d) Given: BrF5 and AsF5 react according to the following equation:

BrF5 + AsF5 BrF4+ + AsF6-

Comment on the electrical conductivity of liquid BrF5 and that of a mixture of

BrF5 and AsF5. Explain your answer.

(1 mark)
 2012-13 Final Exam. F.5 Chemistry page 21

8. Thermite reactions broadly refer to exothermic oxidation-reduction reactions between a

metal powder and a metal oxide. One example is the reaction of finely divided iron(III)
oxide with aluminium powder. This reaction results in a very high temperature, and is
commonly used in the welding of rail tracks for trains. At this very high temperature, the
molten iron formed joins the rail tracks together.

(a) Write a chemical equation, with appropriate state symbols given, for the thermit
reaction between aluminium powder and iron(III) oxide.

(2 marks)

(b) Silver powder CANNOT be used to replace aluminium powder in carrying out the
thermite reaction with iron(III) oxide. Explain why.

(1 mark)

(c) The extraction of iron from its ores also involves the reduction of iron oxides.

(i) Suggest why aluminium is NOT used as the reducing agent in iron
extraction.

(ii) Suggest ONE reducing agent commonly used in iron extraction.

(2 marks)
 2012-13 Final Exam. F.5 Chemistry page 22

9. Both caesium (Cs) and sodium (Na) are elements in Group I of the Periodic Table.
Caesium reacts with chlorine to form caesium chloride.

(a) Write the chemical equation for the reaction between caesium and chlorine.

(1 mark)

(b) Solid caesium chloride has a giant ionic structure.

(i) Draw a diagram to show the unit cell of caesium chloride.

(ii) Explain why solid caesium chloride easily fractures under stress.

(3 marks)

(c) Predict, with ONE reason, whether sodium or caesium is more reactive towards
chlorine.

(1 mark)
 2012-13 Final Exam. F.5 Chemistry page 23

10. The diagram below shows the set-up used in an investigation on the electrolysis of
concentrated potassium iodide solution.

(a) State and explain the expected observation around carbon electrode A during the
electrolysis.

(2 marks)

(b) The solution near carbon electrode B gradually turned blue.

(i) Explain this observation.

(ii) Would there be any change in observation if carbon electrode B is replaced

by a copper electrode in the investigation? Explain.

(3 marks)
 2012-13 Final Exam. F.5 Chemistry page 24

11. Safety airbags are important devices installed in vehicles. During a serious crash, the
chemicals in the airbag immediately react to release a large amount of gas. The main
chemicals in safety airbags are sodium azide (NaN3) and potassium nitrate (KNO3). The
equations are as follows:

2NaN3(s)  2Na(s) + 3N2(g)

10Na(s) + 2KNO3(s)  K2O(s) + 5Na2O(s) + N2(g)

(a) Explain why the main chemicals are in the form of fine powder.

(1 mark)

(b) An airbag contains 100.0 g of NaN3(s) and 200.0 g of KNO3(s). Calculate the
theoretical volume, measured at room temperature and pressure, of the gas
produced when the bag is inflated.
(Formula masses: NaN3 = 65.0, KNO3 = 101.1;
molar volume of gas at room temperature and pressure = 24 dm3)

(3 marks)

(c) The main function of NaN3(s) is to produce N2(g) for inflating the airbags.
Suggest why it is necessary to include KNO3(s) as the main chemical.

(1 mark)
 2012-13 Final Exam. F.5 Chemistry page 25

(d) Sodium azide is a toxic chemical. Thus any NaN3 waste remained during the
manufacture of safety airbag needs special treatment before disposal. The
treatment involves first dissolving NaN3 in water, and then reacting the solution
formed with excess nitrous acid, HNO2(aq). The graph below shows the variation
of the concentration of NaN3(aq) in the reaction mixture with time in one such
process:

(i) Calculate the average rate of consumption of NaN3(aq) in the first 10

seconds.

(ii) Suggest how the instantaneous rate of consumption of NaN3(aq) at the 10th
second can be determined from the graph.

(2 marks)
 2012-13 Final Exam. F.5 Chemistry page 26

12. Consider the conversions of organic compounds shown below:

R T
CH3CH2COCH2CH3  CH3CH2CH(OH)CH2CH3  a mixture of alkenes
X Y Z

(a) Name X systematically.

(1 mark)

(b) Suggest what reagent R might be.

(1 mark)

(c) Suggest a chemical test to distinguish X and Y.

(2 marks)

(d) T represents a dehydrating agent. Suggest a possible dehydrating agent.

(1 mark)

(e) Z is a mixture of two alkenes having the same structural formula. Draw their
structures and state their isomeric relationship.

(2 marks)

(f) The alkenes in (e) can react with HCl to form an optically active chloroalkane.
Give the structural formula of this chloroalkane.

(1 mark)
 2012-13 Final Exam. F.5 Chemistry page 27

13. Both white wine and red wine contains SO2 preservative which is fixed in different forms.
A volumetric analysis experiment was performed to determine the total concentration of
SO2 in a sample of white wine. In the experiment, 25.00 cm3 of the wine sample was
transferred to a conical flask. Following certain stipulated procedures, NaOH(aq) and
H2SO4(aq) were successively added to the flask to liberate all SO2 from the wine. The
resultant solution was immediately titrated with 0.00415 mol dm-3 I2(aq) using freshly
prepared starch solution as indicator. The experiment was repeated several times, and the
mean volume of I2(aq) required to reach the end point was 10.50 cm3.

(a) A reaction must fulfill certain conditions in order that it can be used in volumetric
analysis. State ONE such condition.

(1 mark)

(b) Explain why the resultant solution needed to be titrated immediately.

(1 mark)

(c) State the expected colour change at the end point of the titration.

(1 mark)

(d) The chemical equation for the reaction involved in the titration is as follows:

SO2(aq) + I2(aq) + 2H2O(l)  2HI(aq) + H2SO4(aq)

Calculate the total concentration of SO2, in mg dm-3, in the white wine.

(4 marks)
 2012-13 Final Exam. F.5 Chemistry page 28

(e) Explain whether the total concentration of SO2 in a sample of red wine can be
determined in such an experiment.

(1 mark)

*14. Outline how the constituents of a mixture of hex-1-ene, octane and sand can be separated
by physical methods.

(3 marks)

- End of Paper -
 2012-13 Final Exam. F.5 Chemistry page 29

Periodic Table