MPHAD 215 - MEDICATION SAFETY MANAGEMENT

3RD TRIMESTER, SY 2022 - 2023

Medication Safety
in Mental Health

Prince-Jerome S. Biscarra, RPh

 Introduction

Medication Safety Risk Factors

Patient Safety Incidents

Medication-related Incidents
Content Overview
The Philippine Situation

Role of Pharmacists in Mental Health Care

Key Takeaways / Commentary

MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH

BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
Introduction

Medications are a critical part of the

treatment for many mental health disorders.

However, psychiatric patients are at increased

risk for medication errors.

MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH

BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
RISK FACTORS

MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH

BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
Risk Factors

Complexity of psychiatric
medications

High rates of co-morbid

medical conditions

MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH

BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
Risk Factors

Development of addiction and

overdosing to certain
medications

High incidence of side effects

MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH

BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
Risk Factors

Cognitive and behavioral

challenges of psychiatric illness

Non-adherence to medication

MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH

BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
Risk Factors

Stigma surrounding mental

health

Lack of continuity of care

MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH

BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
PATIENT SAFETY INCIDENTS IN
PSYCHIATRIC CARE

MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH

BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
PATIENT SAFETY INCIDENTS

Self-harm MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH

BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
PATIENT SAFETY INCIDENTS

Violence MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH

BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
PATIENT SAFETY INCIDENTS

Restraint and seclusion MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH

BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
 MEDICATION-RELATED
INCIDENTS IN PSYCHIATRIC CARE

MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH

BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
MEDICATION-RELATED INCIDENTS

Omission of medication MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH

BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
MEDICATION-RELATED INCIDENTS

Wrong frequency MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH

BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
MEDICATION-RELATED INCIDENTS

Wrong medication MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH

BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
MEDICATION-RELATED INCIDENTS

Wrong / unclear dose MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH

BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
MEDICATION-RELATED INCIDENTS

Adverse drug events MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH

BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
MEDICATION-RELATED INCIDENTS

Non-adherence MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH

BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
 MENTAL HEALTH CARE
SITUATION IN THE PHILIPPINES

MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH

BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
Incidence of Mental Health Disorders

6 million Filipinos live with

depression and anxiety

1 million Filipinos with schizoprenia

15.3 million Filipinos with

substance use disorder
MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH
BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
Incidence of Mental Health Disorders

877,000 die due to suicide

every year

mental illness has become the third most

common disability in the Philippines

3rd highest rate of mental disorders

in the Western Pacific

MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH

BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
Mental Health Services

Mental Health Act (RA 11036)

3-5% of total health budget spent

on mental health

70% spent on hospital care

MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH

BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
Mental Health Services

MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH

BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
Mental Health Services

MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH

BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
Mental Health Services

MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH

BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
Mental Health Services

MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH

BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
 National Center for Mental Health
accounts for 67% of psychiatric beds
MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH
BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
Mental Health Services

Overcrowding, poorly-functioning units,

chronic staff shortage, funding constraints

MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH

BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
NATIONAL CENTER FOR MENTAL HEALTH

MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH

BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
NATIONAL CENTER FOR MENTAL HEALTH

MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH

BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
NATIONAL CENTER FOR MENTAL HEALTH

MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH

BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
NATIONAL CENTER FOR MENTAL HEALTH

MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH

BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
NATIONAL CENTER FOR MENTAL HEALTH

MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH

BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
NATIONAL CENTER FOR MENTAL HEALTH

MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH

BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
NATIONAL CENTER FOR MENTAL HEALTH

MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH

BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
NATIONAL CENTER FOR MENTAL HEALTH

MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH

BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
NATIONAL CENTER FOR MENTAL HEALTH

MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH

BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
Mental Health Staff & Specialists

Only about 600 psychiatrists

nationwide

2-3 mental health worker per

100,000 population

0.41 psychiatrists, 0.07 psychologists,

0.49 mental health nurses per 100,000

MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH

BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
Mental Health Staff & Specialists

Majority of psychiatrists are in

urban region

MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH

BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
The Stigma

One of the popular beliefs is that

depression and anxiety are non-
existent, and that mental illnesses are
something to be ashamed of

Filipinos will turn to family and peer

networks before seeking medical help

MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH

BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
Essential Psychotropic Medications
in the Philippines

MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH

BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
ROLE OF PHARMACISTS IN
MENTAL HEALTH CARE

MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH

BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
Screening for mental health conditions
MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH
BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
Medication counseling
MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH
BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
Educating patients about medication
health MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH
BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
Providing support to patients and their
families MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH
BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
Advocating for patients with mental
health conditions MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH
BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
Key Takeaways and Commentary

MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH

BY: PRINCE-JEROME S. BISCARRA, RPH
Thank You

Prince-Jerome S. Biscarra, RPh

MEDICATION SAFETY IN MENTAL HEALTH