K.C.S.E BLUEPRINT PREDICTION HIST PP2 MS TO QUESTION PAPER NO.

HISTORY AND GOVERNMENT

PAPER 2

TIME 2 ½ HOURS

MARKING SCHEME
SECTION A (25 marks)

1.Give two unwritten sources of information on History and Government. (2 marks)

i) Oral traditions/oral source

ii) Archaeology/paleontology
iii) Linguistics
iv) Genetic study
v) Anthropology
vi) Oral Traditions
vii) Geology (Any 2x1 = 2 marks)
2. Give two factors which led to the growth of urban centers in Greece. (2 marks)

(i) The area was secure from external attacks

(ii) The area had a well organized administrative system
(iii) There was population increase due to existence of religious and educational
institutions
(iv) There was development of trade and commerce
(v) Existence of well organized military systems ( Any 2 x 1 = 2 marks)
3. Identify the main reason for the development of early agriculture in Egypt in the 19 th
century. (1 mark)

(i) Availability of water from the River Nile that was used for irrigation. (1x1=1 mark)

4. Identify the greatest contribution of Michael Faraday in the field of science. (1 mark)
(i) He invented electricity (1 x 1 = 1 mark)
5. Mention two political effects of the Industrial Revolution in Europe. (2 mark)

Page 1 of 9
Prefer Calling Amobi Group of Examiners @ 0743 333 000 or 0706 851 439
K.C.S.E BLUEPRINT PREDICTION HIST PP2 MS TO QUESTION PAPER NO. 3

(i) It facilitated the scramble and partition of Africa

(ii) The industrial revolution gave rise to Marxism (2x1=2 marks)

6. State two roles played by missionaries in the process of colonization. (2marks)

(i) Pacified the Africans

(ii) Asking for protection from their home government thus establishment of protectorates.
(2x1=2 marks)

7. Who was first president of the FRELIMO Movement in Mozambique? (1 mark)

(i) Edwardo Mondlane Chirambo (1x1=1 mark)

8. Give one function of the trusteeship council of the United Nations Organization. (1
mark)

(i) In charge of territories that were taken from the axis powers that were still under colonial
rule. (1x1 = 1 mark)

9. Name one legislative house in the United States America. (1 mark)

(i) Senate
(ii) House of Representatives (Any1× 1= 1 mark)

10. Identify two urban centers that developed during the Trans-Atlantic slave trade in

West Africa

(i) Whydah
(ii) Goree
(iii) Porto Novo
(iv)Elmina
(v) Dakar.
(vi)Lagos (Any2x1 = 2 marks)
11.Give two reasons why there was a military stalemate on the Western Front during the

Page 2 of 9
Prefer Calling Amobi Group of Examiners @ 0743 333 000 or 0706 851 439
K.C.S.E BLUEPRINT PREDICTION HIST PP2 MS TO QUESTION PAPER NO. 3

First World war. (2 marks)

(i) Both sides were evenly matched

(ii) The trench warfare tended to shelter defenders and this made attack more difficult than
defence
(iii) The defenders used modern weapons and techniques of warfare. (Any2x1= 2
marks)
12. Identify one political effect of the development of iron technology in Africa. (1 mark)

(i) Growth and expansion of empires. (1 x 1 = 1 mark)

13.Mention two Mwari cult spirits of the Shona society. (2 marks)

(i) Vadzimu (family)

(ii) Mhondoro (clan)
(iii) Chaminuka (Nation) (Any2 x 1 = 2
marks)
14.Give the main reason why the British did not support Samori Toure during the Franco-
Mandika War.

(i) The British did not want a conflict with the France. (1x1 = 1 mark)
15. Identify One place in Africa where the cold war was witnessed. (1 mark)

(i) DRC, (Democratic Republic of Congo)

(ii) Ethiopia.
(iii) Angola. (Any1 x 1 =
1 mark)
16. State one condition that a country should fulfill in order to become a member of the
Non-aligned Movement.
(i) A country should be independent.

Page 3 of 9
Prefer Calling Amobi Group of Examiners @ 0743 333 000 or 0706 851 439
K.C.S.E BLUEPRINT PREDICTION HIST PP2 MS TO QUESTION PAPER NO. 3

(ii) A country should not be a member of either NATO or WARSAW pact military.
(Any1 x 1= 1mark)
17. Identify one parliamentary duty of the Monarch in Britain. (1 mark)
(i) Summons parliament after a general election.
(ii) Prologues parliament
(iii) Dissolves parliament
(iv)Assent bills of parliament
(v) Nominates members to the House of Lords. (Any 1 x 1 = 1 mark)
SECTION B (45 marks)
18. (a) State five reasons why hunting of wild animals was mainly a group activity during
the stone age period. (5
marks)

(i) Wild animals are dangerous / could kill people

(ii) They could surround the animals
(iii) Spotting/locating the animals was easier
(iv)Less time was taken to catch the animal/less tiresome
(v) To give moral encouragement/team spirit
(vi)They could catch more animals (Any5x1=5 marks)

(b) Explain the impacts of early agriculture in Mesopotamia. (10 marks)

(i) People settled down and concentrated on farming

(ii) Food production increased
(iii) Population increased
(iv)Specialization emerged especially in craft
(v) It led to development of trade
(vi)Led to growth of urban centres e.g. Ur and Babylon
(vii) It led to development of trade
(viii) It influenced writing and mathematics
(ix)It led to invention and production of pottery due to potter wheel
(x) There was the invention of the plough
(xi)There was advancement in religious activities
(xii) Led to production of agricultural tools due to use of iron (Any 5x2=10 marks)

19. (a) Identify three uses of coal during industrialization revolution. (3 marks)

(i) To drive steam engines

(ii) To provide lighting
Page 4 of 9
Prefer Calling Amobi Group of Examiners @ 0743 333 000 or 0706 851 439
K.C.S.E BLUEPRINT PREDICTION HIST PP2 MS TO QUESTION PAPER NO. 3

(iii) To heat water

(iv)To drive locomotives
(v) To manufacture dyes/pharmaceuticals products
(vi)To produce coke (Any3x1=3 marks)

(b) Explain six obstacles to industrialization in Brazil. (12 marks)

(i) High poverty levels which has led to low purchasing power
(ii) Inability to fully exploit her natural resources
(iii) Stiff competition from already industrialized countries such as USA and Canada
(iv)The resources of Brazil are monopolized by multinational companies hence the government
cannot exploit them
(v) Brazil has a huge foreign debt
(vi)Poor technology hence ineffective exploitation of natural resources
(vii) Repatriation of profits by most of the investors who take their profits back home
(Any6x2=12 marks)

20. (a) State five roles played by religion in the maji maji uprising of 1905-1907. (5 marks)

(i) Religious leaders organized the uprising e.g. Kinjenketile Ngwale

(ii) Religion united and brought several communities together to fight the Germans
(iii) Religion helped in the spread of the rebellion and recruitment of soldiers
(iv)It provided ideology/propaganda which guided the warriors
(v) It threatened and worried those supportive to the Germans
(vi)It gave hope to the fighters that those who died joined the ancestors
(vii) It provided courage and determination to the fighters to face the Germans
(Any5x1=5 marks)

(b) Explain five reasons why Samori Toure was finally defeated by the French in the
Mandika resistance. (10 marks)

(i) They did not have adequate supplies since the people and the army was constantly on the
move hence no economic activity
(ii) As he retreated, Samoure Toure left the rich gold reserves of Bure and was cut off form
Freetown thus less access to ammunition
(iii) Lack of unity among African societies which worked against Samori
(iv)Samori’s second empire was difficult to defend due to its openness to attacks
(v) When he could not buy anymore new weapons he had to use the old worn out ones
(vi)The scorched-earth policy was resented by civilians hence local resistance arose
(vii) The non-Mandinka communities and non-muslims in the empire did not give him full
support
(viii) The British refused to support Samori against the French
Page 5 of 9
Prefer Calling Amobi Group of Examiners @ 0743 333 000 or 0706 851 439
K.C.S.E BLUEPRINT PREDICTION HIST PP2 MS TO QUESTION PAPER NO. 3

(ix)Samori’s retreat to Liberia was blocked and his capital besieged. He had to surrender to the
French (Any 5x2=10 marks)

21. (a) State three challenges facing African Union. (3 marks)

(i) Political instability/civil wars in many African countries which make it difficult to execute
some of the programmes
(ii) Border disputes between member countries creates disunity in the continent
(iii) Lack of democracy in some countries has contributed to instability to end human right
abuses/violations
(iv)Interference of African affairs by the developed countries undermines the union’s efforts to
implement its policies
(v) Due to neo-colonialism the members are more attached to their former colonial masters at the
expense of the union
(vi)Ideological differences between some African states creates division within the union thus
making it difficult to reach at an agreement
(vii) Lack of a standing army renders it ineffective in implementing decisions which call for
military interventions
(viii) National interest are given priority at the expense of the unions interests
(ix)Inadequate funds makes it difficult for the union to fulfill all its obligation

(Any3x1=3 marks)

(b) Explain six achievements of Pan-Africanism. (12 marks)

(i) It promoted a sense of unity among the people of African origin as they realized they
shared common experience
(ii) It laid the foundation for research on African culture, history, literature, music and
religion which helped the Africans understand their position
(iii) It enhanced African nationalism by encouraging the people of African origin to
take pride in their ancestry
(iv)It helped to restore the African dignity and confidence by glorifying the black race
(v) It enabled African leaders to have more commitment to African issues e.g. decolonization
(vi)It laid the basis for the formation of OAU
(vii) It organized protests over Western Europe to condemn Mussolini attempting to
colonize Ethiopia in 1935 (Any6x2=12 marks)

SECTION C (30 marks)

22. (a) State three economic activities of the Baganda during the pre-colonial
period (3 marks)

Page 6 of 9
Prefer Calling Amobi Group of Examiners @ 0743 333 000 or 0706 851 439
K.C.S.E BLUEPRINT PREDICTION HIST PP2 MS TO QUESTION PAPER NO. 3

(i) Grew crops like Bananas.

(ii) Kept large livestock.
(iii) Practiced hunting and gathering
(iv) Participated in Trade
(v) Fished in lake Victoria /Boat making
(vi) Practiced Basket/pottery/cloth making
(vii) Made iron implements. (Any3x1=3 marks)

(b) Describe the political organization of the Asante during pre-colonial

period
(12 marks)
(i) Practiced centralized political organization.
(ii) The Empire comprised of three parts normally Kumasi /metropolitan Asante, Amato and
provincial States.
(iii) The head of empire was called Asantehene
(iv) The office of the Asantehene was hereditary.
(v) Kumasi was directly ruled by Asantehene
(vi) The golden stool provided solid base for unity.
(vii) Government of the metropolitan Asante consisted of the confederacy council made up of
Kings (Omanhene) from various states.
(viii) Each Omanhene had black stool which symbolizes power over the state.
(ix) The Kingdom had a standing army divided into various wings.
(x) Odwira festival existed and was used in honoring the dead, solving disputes.
(xi) Civil servants appointed by Asantehene existed and helped in administration.
(Any6x2=12 marks)
23. (a) Name three agencies of the United Nation organization which are
Concerned with world economic development (3 marks)

(i) International monetary fund.

(ii) World bank
(iii) Food and Agricultural organization
(iv)United Nations conference on Trade and development.
(v) United Nations Industrial Development organization.
(vi)International development Association (Any3x1=3 marks)
Page 7 of 9
Prefer Calling Amobi Group of Examiners @ 0743 333 000 or 0706 851 439
K.C.S.E BLUEPRINT PREDICTION HIST PP2 MS TO QUESTION PAPER NO. 3

(b) Explain six political results of the second world war (12 marks)
(i) Rise to power of U.S.A and USSR.
(ii) Spread of communism to cover Eastern Europe and hence during Europe into two.
(iii) Increased intervention of USA in European affairs through the marshal plan
(iv)Formation of UNO to promote world peace and security.
(v) Germany was divided into two countries namely West and East Germany.
(vi)Encouraged decolonization in the world.
(vii) Creation of the state of Israel
(viii) Spread of cold war in Europe.
(ix)It stimulated military technology i.e. manufacture of nuclear weapons.
(x) Destroyed European superiority myth. (Any6x2=12 marks)
24. (a) State five aims of Pan-Africanism. (5 marks)
(i) Uniting people of African descent.
(ii) Restore the dignity of the black people.
(iii) Improve the conditions of Africans in the Diaspora and in African continent.
(iv)Eradicate neo-colonialism in Africa.
(v) Challenge the ideology of European supremacy on which European colonization was
based.
(vi)Create a forum through which protests against European colonization and racial
discrimination could be channeled. (Any5x1=5 marks)

(b) Explain five reasons why Pan-African Movement had not established itself
on the African continent before 1945. (10
marks)

(i) There were very few African representatives and the few who existed were either
students abroad or in exile.

(ii) The colonial authorities did not allow Africans to organize merchants that were
opposed to colonial rule.

Page 8 of 9
Prefer Calling Amobi Group of Examiners @ 0743 333 000 or 0706 851 439
K.C.S.E BLUEPRINT PREDICTION HIST PP2 MS TO QUESTION PAPER NO. 3

(iii) The European powers used the policy of divide and rule which hindered the unity
of Africans.

(iv)Lack of contact and communication between Africans in different colonies.

(v) The Africans in each colony were concerned with issues that were of particular interest to
them.
(vi)Little attention was given to the movement by Ethiopia and Liberia which were independent
African countries.
(vii) The French policy of assimilation gave Africans political rights, therefore Africans
made effort to acquire French citizenship, adopt their culture and remain closely related to
France.

(viii) In the African continent, there were pressing problems such as land alienation.
(ix)Lack of suitable venues to hold conferences in Africa. This was because African
countries were under colonization. (Any5 x 2 = 10 mark)

Page 9 of 9
Prefer Calling Amobi Group of Examiners @ 0743 333 000 or 0706 851 439