DAV CENTENARY PUBLIC SCHOOL HARIDWAR

CLASS-XI
SUB: PHYSICAL EDUCATION

UNIT-1. CHANGING TRENDS & CAREER IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION

TOPIC:[MEANING & DEFINITIONS, AIM & OBJECTIVE OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION]

Ques:- Define Physical Education? Explain the aim and objectives of Physical Education in
detail.

Ans:-MEANING OF PHY. EDU. : Physical education is an education which develops harmonious

growth and development of the child. It develops all the aspects of an individual personality like
physical, mental, social, emotional and moral etc.

Physical education develops physical activities, skills, knowledge, values, attitudes

and healthy lifestyle. It also builds confidence in students and makes them prepare to face
challenges as individuals and groups or teams.

DEFINITIONS :

Acc.to J.B.Nash – Physical education is that field of education, which deals with big muscle
activities and their related responses.

Acc. to A.R.Wayman- Physical education is the part of education, which has to do with the
development and training of the whole individual through physical activities.

Acc.to Central Advisory Board of Physical education & Recreation – Physical education is an
education. It is the education through physical activities for the development of the total
personality of the child to its fullness and perfection in body, mind, and spirit.

AIM OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION : Wholesome qualities should be developed in persons through

the medium of physical education

Acc. to the Ministry of Education and National Planning of Physical Education and Recreation:-
The aim of physical education is to make every child physically, mentally and emotionally fit, and
also to develop in him such personal and social qualities, which will help him to live happily with
others and make him a good citizen.

OBJECTIVES OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION :- The main objectives of phy. edu.-

 1) PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT : It is the development of our organic systems such as
muscular system, skeleton system, circulatory system, respiratory system, nervous
system, digestive system etc. Physical education is related activities and when we
perform these phy. activities , there are various effects of these activities on our organic
system. These systems are developed in size, shape, efficiency etc.
2) MENTAL DEVELOPMENT : Physical activities of phy. edu. Programs need alertness of
mind, concentration and calculated movements. Phy. activities sharpen the mind and to
perform various activities, concentration of mind is essential and without concentration
it is not possible to perform any activity or play any game.
3) SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT: Man is a part of the society and has to follow the rules,
regulation, traditions and laws of the society. He learns social rules and regulations
which make him socially and a useful member. He learns to be cooperative with others,
friendship, togetherness, honesty, obedience, sincerity, tolerance, adjustment,
leadership, boldness, self control etc. so phy edu provides good opportunities for social
developments.
4) NEURO-MUSCULAR DEVELOPMENT: This objective aims at better coordination between
nervous system and muscular system. In various game situations our neuro-muscular
coordination is developed. Good coordination helps to keep away the fatigue during
various activities. The proper usage of our energy can be made, if we have good
neuro-muscular coordination. We get accuracy and smooth functioning of our body and
our reaction time becomes better .
5) EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT: The emotional development of an individual is also the
major objective of phy edu. Every individual has various types of emotions like pleasure,
hope, jealousy, hate, fear, distress, anger, wonder, lust, loneliness etc. If an individual
does not have appropriate control over these emotions, he becomes abnormal and
uncontrollable. The program of phy edu develops these emotions and also teaches us to
have proper control over our emotions.
6) DEVELOPMENT OF HEALTH: Physical education develops health through health
education. It develops healthy habits of sleeping, exercises, food etc. It also provides
education about the prevention of communicable diseases. The various programs of phy
edu reduce anxiety, stress and tension up to a large extent.

Ques: Discuss the development of physical education in India post independence.

Ans: India progressed in all aspects after getting independence in 1947. In the field of Physical
education numerous schemes were introduced by the Government of India.

● In 1948, the Government of India set up the Central Government Physical Education
Committee also known as TaraChand Committee which recommended the Central
 Institute of Physical Education and Recreation and improvement of standards of games
and sports in India.
● Central Advisory Board of Physical Education and Recreation (CABPER): In 1948,
Central advisory board of physical education and recreation was set up with a purpose
to advise the government regarding physical education issues. One of the important
objectives of the board was to introduce Physical Education Subject as Compulsory
subject at elementary, middle & senior secondary level. And Recommend or fix
standards for selection of physical education teachers and also lay down the
qualification level of their training.
● First Asian Games were held in 1951 at New Delhi which motivated Indian youth to
participate in games and sports at International level.
● All India Council of Sports: All India council of sports was established by the Ministry of
education in November 1954, on the advice of Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad. Its aim is to
scientific methods on the basis of research in the field of games and sports and
cooperate between the national sports organizations and central government in order to
assist in financial matters. Under the All India Council of Sports, State Sports Council and
District Sports Council were established.
● Lakshmibai National Institute of Physical Education (LNIPE): After 10 yrs of
Independence in 1957, Minister of Education & Culture, Government of India
established the First College of Physical Education as Lakshmibai College of Physical
Education (LCPE) at Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh. In 1973, Lakshmibai College of Physical
Education was renamed to Lakshmibai National Institute of Physical Education (LNIPE).
LNIPE is the prestigious physical education and sports institute of Asia to prepare highly
qualified leaders, teachers, coaches, and researchers in the field of physical education,
sports and games and other interdisciplinary subjects.
● Netaji Subhash National Institute of Sports (NSNIS): Netaji Subhash National of sports
was set up in 1961 at Moti Bagh, Patiala, Punjab to produce qualified coaches in
different games and sports. One year diploma was started from various games like
athletics, basketball, badminton, football, gymnastic, hockey, volleyball, tennis etc. These
days Master of sports has also been started in this institute. Now National Institute of
Sport is established at four centers namely, Gandhi nagar, Bengaluru, Kolkata, and
Patiala.
● To enhance women participation in sports, the National Sports championship was
started in 1975.
● In 1982, Asian Games were held in India which gave a huge boost in infrastructure and
facilities related to sports.
 ● Sports Authority of India (SAI): In 1984, Sports authority of India was established by the
Government of India was the promotion of sports, exploring of sports, organizing sports
competitions, providing facilities, utilizing sports, and maintaining them .
● In 1987, Society for National Institutes of Physical Education and Sports (SNIPES) was
merged with Sports Authority of India (SAI) to promote and develop sports awareness
among peoples.
● In 2010, XIX Commonwealth Games was conducted in New Delhi.
● In 2018 CBSE launched Physical Education as Compulsory subject in class IX to XII as
mainstreaming Health, Physical Education.

TOPIC: CAREER OPTIONS IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION

Ques:- What are the various career options in Physical Education? Explain in detail.

Ans: There are two types of career options in the field of phy. Edu.

1} Traditional career

2} Emerging career

1} TRADITIONAL CAREER: The first types of career options are related to teaching and
coaching of phy. edu. These are called traditional careers.

a)Teaching career in phy. Edu.: Physical education has traditionally been appropriate only for
those interested in teaching careers. The teaching career offers many rewards to the teachers
whether they are engaged in elementary school, middle school, high school, senior secondary
school, college or university.

b) Coaching career in phy.edu.: Coaching career is also a traditional career in the field of phy.
edu. Many physical educators prefer to opt for coaching as a career. There are a number of job
opportunities for coaching as in the field of teaching. Opportunities for jobs are available to
coach in middle school, high school, senior secondary school, collage and universities.

2} EMERGING CAREER : The second types of career options are health related careers,
administration relation career, sports performance related career and media related career.
These are called emerging careers.

a)Health related careers: the first and significant area under health related careers is health and
weight control clubs. These clubs are based on the individual’s desires to be physically fit, good
figure and to look the best. These clubs are provided facilities to play various games, such as
squash, tennis & swimming pool etc and other facilities like whirlpool, saunas, steam rooms and
massage are also offered. Instructions regarding diet and nutrition are also given to the clients.
b) Administration related careers: Administration related career opportunities are available in
various fields such as Sports Administration, Management of Sports Clubs and Facilities, Sports
Marketing and Promotion etc. There are many universities and colleges, where various posts of
Director of Sports, Assistant Director of Sports Department, District Sports Officer and Assistant
Education Officer (AEO) Sports etc. The Director of sports is responsible for the administration
of various programs of game and sports.

c) Performance related careers:

i. As a Player: A large number of sportspeople participate in various games and

sports throughout the world. They participate at various levels competitions such
as Inter school or College level, District level, State level, National level and
International level competition and Olympic games etc. But only highly skilled
performers reach the top level. Those sportspeople choose a sports career. Many
jobs are also available for skilled sportspeople in Govt. and private sector such as
Defiance service, Companies or Industrial corporations Railways, Indian Army
and Police Department on the basis of sports quota.
ii. As Official: The smooth conduct of a sports tournament or competition depends
on good officials. Some sports persons may pursue the career as officials because
they know the ins and outs of the game. There are various officials in a
tournament such as Referee, Umpire, Timekeeper, Recorder and Scorer etc.

d) Media related career: The communication media like television, radio, newspapers and
various career opportunities in sports communication. The communications have increased
the sports coverage. Cable television channels such as ESPN, Ten sports and Star sports
provide 24 hours coverage of sports and games. It has enhanced a number of career
opportunities in communication media. There are various careers related to communication
media.

i. Sports Journalism
ii. Book Writing
iii. Sports Photograph
iv. Book Publishing
v. Sports Broadcasting
vi. Marketing
vii. Sports Industry.