OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) protocol:

o OSPF is term which stands for Open Shortest Path First.

o Link State protocol sends update based in state of the link.
o When a link comes up and goes down it sends the updates.
o OSPF protocols is a dynamic open standard Routing Protocol.
o OSPF protocols is the Link-State dynamic routing protocol.
o OSPF protocols uses the Shortest Path First (SPF) algorithm.
o OSPF protocols uses IP protocol type 89 (not TCP or UDP).
o OSPF External and Internal Administrative Distance is 110.
o OSPF is a classless Routing protocol and OSPF metric is Cost.
o OSPF use multicast address 224.0.0.5 to send the hello packet.
o OSPF use multicast address 224.0.0.6 for all designated routers.
o OSPF default Hello time is 10 seconds and dead time is 40 seconds.
o OSPF protocols supports both the VLSM and route summarization.
o OSPF use wildcard mask, which is the reciprocal of subnet mask.
o OSPF protocols supports both MD5 and clear text authentication.
o OSPF protocols supports the summarization at ABRs router only.
o OSPF are requires more memory and CPU processing to run.
o OSPF work on area, Area 0 is the backbone of OSPF technology.
o OSPF have Neighbor table, Topology table and Routing table.
o OSPF packets are only sends to the neighbor of own Area.
o OSPF protocols supports both IPv4 and IPv6 routed protocols.
o OSPF load balancing with equal cost routes for same destination.
o OSPF dynamic routing protocols supports unlimited hop counts.
o OSPF protocols supports trigger updates for fast convergence.
o OSPF sends update with a sequence number of 0x80000001.
o The sequence number ends with 0x7FFFFFFF and start again.
o The sequence number will increment by one in every updates.
o OSPF protocol is more complex to setup and hard to troubleshoot.

1 | P a g e Created by Ahmad Ali E-Mail: ahmadalimsc@gmail.com , Mobile: 056 430 3717

OSPF Lab Time:

Before enable OSPF lets remove and disable RIPv2 routing protocols.

Both Routers Configuration

R1(config)#no router rip
R1(config)#router ospf 1
R1(config-router)# router-id 11.11.11.11
R1(config-router)# network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 area 0
R2(config)#no router rip
R2(config)#router ospf 1
R2(config-router)# router-id 22.22.22.22
R2(config-router)# network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 area 0

2 | P a g e Created by Ahmad Ali E-Mail: ahmadalimsc@gmail.com , Mobile: 056 430 3717

Let’s check the Monitor>Routing Monitor there is no static and RIP protocols enable.

Go to Network > OSPF enter the require OSPF details and click apply button to save changes.

Area ID Type unique Router ID for OSPF network.

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In Areas, select Create New, set the following information, and select OK.

Add Area
Area ID OSPF Area ID in my case backbone area 0
Type Choose Type of OSPF area Regular, NSSA or Stub
Authentication Select OSPF authentication type none, Clear text or MD5

In Networks, select Create New, set the following information, and select OK.

Edit Network
Area Select the area where to advertise network
IP/Netmask Type the Network or host with subnetmask to advertise

4 | P a g e Created by Ahmad Ali E-Mail: ahmadalimsc@gmail.com , Mobile: 056 430 3717

In Interfaces, select Create New, set the following information, and select OK.

Add Interface
Name Give any name to the interface in our case WAN-Interface.
Interface Select the interface on which want to enable OSPF protocol
Cost Type OSPF cost incase want to select DR or BDR.
Authentication Incase want to enable OSPF Protocol Authentication.
Hello Interval Type OSPF Hello interval time.
Dead Interval Type OSPF Dead Interval time.

Let’s verify in FG Firewall go to Monitor>Routing Monitor you will find OSPF.

5 | P a g e Created by Ahmad Ali E-Mail: ahmadalimsc@gmail.com , Mobile: 056 430 3717

Let’s verify from the CLI Console Command Prompt OSPF is there in the Routing table.

Let’s ping from LAN inside System to destination network 8.8.8.8 learn through OSPF.

Let’s also ping from outside routers to lookback interface which advertise in RIP.

Let’s us verify Routing table of any router, OSPF router are there 1.0.0.0. and 2.0.0.0.

6 | P a g e Created by Ahmad Ali E-Mail: ahmadalimsc@gmail.com , Mobile: 056 430 3717