Vocabulary 1

Vocabulary Workshop (1)
By: Negin Amin Sabouri

2 Vocabulary Workshop
Contents
1) Job and Working Life………………………………………..…………………………………..………….. 3
2) Education and Student Life ………………………………….…………………………………………..… 12
3) Food, Health, and Sport …………………………...……………………….……………………………..... 21
4) City vs. Countryside …………...…………………….……..……………..…….…………………………. 29
5) Technology and Globalization…………………………………………………..……………………….. 38
6) Personality Traits …………………………………………………………..………………………….….… 47

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Lesson 1
Job and working life
Work part time, freelance ‫غیوابسته کارکردن‬‫ ر‬،‫بهصورت نیمهوقت‬
Be self-employed ‫به صورت آزاد کار کردن‬
Be in charge of…/ be responsible for ‫مسئول انجام کاری بودن‬
Pursue a career / education/ dreams ‫ رویاهارو دنبال کردن‬،‫ تحصیالت رو‬،‫حرفهای رو‬
Take up a new job ‫رشوع کردن یک کار جدید‬
Job satisfaction ‫رضایت شغل‬
Job security ‫امنیت شغل‬
Perks, fringe benefits ‫مزایای جانب‬
Promotion prospects ‫چشم انداز روبه رشد‬
‫ سخت( که به توان و زمان زیادی نیاز‬،‫ مهم‬،‫کار رضایت بخش‬
A fulfilling/ high-powered/demanding job
)‫داره‬
An arduous, lucrative job /a competitive salary ‫ی‬
‫ کار پردرآمد‬،‫رقابب‬ ‫ حقوق‬،‫ کار پر منفعت‬،‫کار سخت‬
/ a high-paying job
Flexible, regular working hours ‫ منظم‬،‫ساعات کاری منعطف‬
A sense of accomplishment ‫حس موفقیت و دستاورد‬
Move up/climb the career ladder ‫ی‬
)‫داشت موفقیت شغل ( پله های ترق یط کردن‬ ‫ین‬
On-the-job training / blue-collar workers/ ‫ن‬
‫ افرادی که کار‬،‫ افرادی که کار یدی انجام میدن‬،‫حت کار‬‫آموزش ر‬
white -collar workers ‫دفیی انجام میدن‬ ‫ی‬
Have a substantial volume of work ‫ین‬
‫داشت حجم قابل توجیه از کار‬
Work unsocial hours (work overtime) ‫خارج از وقت اداری کار کردن‬
Make sb redundant/ hire: recruite/ fire ‫ اخراج کردن‬،‫ استخدام کردن‬،‫کیس رو تعدیل رنیو کردن‬
be between jobs ‫ین‬
‫نداشت و دنبال کار بودن‬ ‫کار‬
A monotonous / unfulfilling job ‫ نارضایت بخش‬،‫کار خستهکننده و یکنواخت‬
Adverse working conditions ‫رشایط کاری نامطلوب‬
Repetitive strain injury ‫ناش از فشار کاری به صورت مداوم‬ ‫آسیب ر‬
Do run-of-the-mill tasks ‫کار معمویل انجام دادن‬
Now translate these sentences into English. Use the words in the table.
Grammar required:
• passive voice (p217)
• Impersonal passive
• present perfect tense (p29-31)
• Correlative conjunction (not only…but also...) (p364)
• Correlative conjunction (either…or...) (p364)
• Adverb clauses (although…) ( p379)
• The…the.. double comparatives
• Modifying Adverbial Phrases (p 393-394-495)
• Cleft sentences

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‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪Vocabulary Workshop‬‬
‫‪Lesson 1- practice‬‬
‫ن‬
‫درون سنجیده مشود ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .1‬سطح رضایت شغل با عوامل بی ن‬
‫ون و‬ ‫ر‬
‫‪…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….‬‬
‫‪ .2‬عدم آموزش ر ن‬
‫حت کار متواند مستقیما باعث شود که کارمندان به مشکالت (دام های) زیادی مواجه شوند‪.‬‬
‫‪…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….‬‬
‫‪ .3‬تهیه غذا همیشه به عنوان کار پر سودی در نظر گرفته شده و خواهد شد‪.‬‬
‫‪…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….‬‬
‫ین‬
‫داشت مزایای شغل در رضایت شغل بسیار زیاد مباشد‪.‬‬ ‫تاثی‬
‫ر‬ ‫‪.4‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..‬‬
‫کمی از آقایون بودهاست‪.‬‬ ‫رفت از پله های ی‬

‫ترق) همیشه ی‬ ‫داشت موفقیت شغل ( برای باال ی ن‬
‫ین‬ ‫‪ .5‬شانس های خانمها برای‬
‫‪…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….‬‬
‫هان مثل مرخیص و ساعات کاری منعطف نهایت استفاده را بیند‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .6‬کارمندان باید از ر ن‬
‫چی ی‬
‫‪…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….‬‬
‫میساند بلکه برای جامعه ر ن‬

‫نی خوب مباشد‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .7‬حس موفقیت نهتنها به افراد سود ر‬
‫‪…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….‬‬
‫‪ .8‬یا کار کردن درخارج از وقت اداری یا انجام کار های معمویل کارمندان را خسته مکند‪.‬‬
‫‪…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….‬‬
‫ی‬
‫درسب برای این شغل داشته باشد آموزش ر ن‬
‫حت کار فراهم مکند‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .9‬رشکت برای هرکیس که استعداد‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..‬‬
‫ی‬
‫صنعب باشد که در آن درامدت هر‬ ‫‪ .10‬اگرچه که پول بدست آوردن نسبتا کار سادهای مباشد‪ ،‬ی‬
‫وقب که کارت آزاد باشد‪ ،‬یا در‬
‫تغیی کند‪ ،‬سختتر مشود‪.‬‬
‫سال ر‬
‫‪…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….‬‬
‫ین‬
‫داشت حجم کار قابل توجه بدون هیچ چشمانداز رو بهرشدی مباشد‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .11‬ر ن‬
‫چیی که کارمندان اغلب از آن شکایت مکنند‬
‫‪…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….‬‬
‫ین‬
‫داشت امنیت شغل مباشد‪.‬‬ ‫ن‬
‫طوالنتر کار کردن موثرترین راه برای‬ ‫‪ .12‬باور بر این است که‬
‫‪…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….‬‬
‫‪ .13‬این کار نهتنها سخت‪ ،‬بلکه یکنواخت ر ن‬

‫نی مباشد‪.‬‬
‫‪…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….‬‬
‫‪By: Negin Amin Sabouri‬‬

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‫‪ .14‬کار من به هر ر ن‬
‫چیی از جمله خانوادهام و دوستانم ارجحیت دارد‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..‬‬
‫رن‬
‫تجهیات جدید م باشند‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .15‬آنها هم ر ن‬
‫چنت مسئول خرید و فروش‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………‬
‫ی‬
‫بیشی به قدرت خود عالقه دارد‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .16‬فساد معموال ی‬
‫وقب رخ میدهد که کیس که مسئول است‬
‫‪…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….‬‬
‫ی‬
‫موفق بوده است‪ ،‬او دقیقا همان کیس است که برای مسئولیت بازرش مدرسه مخواهیم‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .17‬چونکه او معلم بهشدت‬
‫‪…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….‬‬
‫‪ .18‬سارا یک خینگار آزاد است‪.‬‬
‫‪…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….‬‬
‫‪ .19‬او برای سالهای زیادی آزاد بوده است‪ (.‬کارش آزاد بوده است‪).‬‬
‫‪…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….‬‬
‫‪ .20‬او لذت زیادی از آزاد کار کردن م برد‪.‬‬
‫‪…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….‬‬
‫‪ .21‬او کار دائیم را رها کرد تا به صورت آزاد کار کند‪.‬‬
‫‪…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….‬‬
‫ی‬
‫‪ .22‬سارا بهصورت آزاد برای رادیو کار مکند باوجود بازنشستگ رسیم دوسال پیش‪.‬‬
‫‪…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….‬‬
‫‪ .23‬خانوادهاش به کارش ارجحیت دارد‪.‬‬
‫‪…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….‬‬
‫‪ .24‬این یک حرفه خوب با چشماندازهای رو به رشد است‪.‬‬
‫‪…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….‬‬
‫‪ .25‬او به سخت کار کردن عادت دارد‪.‬‬
‫‪…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….‬‬
‫‪ .26‬ی‬
‫وقب که در دههی بیست بودم مخواستم حرفه حقوق را دنبال کنم‪.‬‬

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‫‪Lesson 1- Answer‬‬
‫‪…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….‬‬
‫‪ .27‬هرچقدر سختتر کار ن‬

‫کب‪ ،‬موفقتر خوایه بود‪.‬‬
‫‪…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….‬‬
‫مطمت و با درآمد خوب استعفا داد تا ر ن‬

‫بینس خود را رشوع کند‪.‬‬ ‫ن‬ ‫‪ .28‬او از یک شغل‬
‫‪…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….‬‬
‫‪ .29‬تو به خاطر آسیب ر‬

‫ناش از فشار کاری به صورت مداوم به مرخیص نیاز داری ‪.‬‬
‫‪…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….‬‬
‫ن‬
‫ناگهان تعدیل میشوند‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .30‬خیل از کارمندان‬
‫‪…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….‬‬
‫‪ .31‬کارمندان بالقوه بی ی‬
‫شی احتمال دارد شغل پیدا کنند که ارزشمندتر باشد‪.‬‬
‫‪…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….‬‬
‫رن‬
‫وانگیه نداری‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .32‬تو ابتکارعمل‬
‫‪…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….‬‬
‫‪ .33‬او رشایط کاری نامطلون داره‪.‬‬
‫‪…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….‬‬
‫‪ .34‬او یه کارگر( کارگری که کار یدی انجام میده) نیمه ماهر هست در صنعت تولید میباشد‪.‬‬
‫‪…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….‬‬
‫‪ .35‬چه یک فرد دنبال کار باشه چه بخواد کار عوض کنه کار داوطلبانه میتونه رایه برای این باشه که ببینه یچ در ی‬
‫دسیسه‪.‬‬
‫‪…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….‬‬
‫‪Pc‬‬
‫‪2132‬‬
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1. The level of Job satisfaction is measured by extrinsic and intrinsic factors.
2. Lack of on-the-job training can directly lead to employees facing many pitfalls.
3. Catering has always been and will continue to be considered a lucrative job.
4. The impact of having fringe benefits on job satisfaction is enormous.
5. Women’s chances to climb the career ladder have always been less than men’s.
6. Employees should take advantage of things like leave and flexible working hours.
7. A sense of accomplishment not only benefits the individuals but is also good for society.
8. Either working unsocial hours or doing run-of-the-mill tasks makes the employees exhausted.
9. This company provides on-the-job training for anyone who has the right aptitude for this job.
10. Although creating a budget is a relatively simple task, it becomes much more difficult when you
are self-employed, or in an industry where your income varies every year.
11. What employees usually complain about is the substantial volume of work with no promotion
prospects.
12. It is believed that working longer is the most effective way for having job security.
13. Not only is this job arduous but it is also monotonous. Or (This job is not only arduous but also
monotonous.)
14. My job takes priority over everything, including my family and friends.
15. They are also in charge of purchasing and selling new equipment.
16. Corruption tends to take place when the person in charge is more interested in his own power.
17. Having been an extremely successful teacher, he is just the sort of person we want in charge of
school inspections.
18. Sara is a freelance journalist.
19. He's been freelance for several years.
20. She gets enormous pleasure out of working freelance.
21. He gave up a permanent job in order to work freelance.
22. Sara works freelance for the radio station despite officially retiring two years ago.
23. Her family takes priority over her job.
24. It's a great career with good promotion prospects.
25. She is accustomed to working hard.
26. When I was in my twenties, I wanted to pursue my career in law.
27. The harder you work, the more successful you will be.
28. He resigned from a safe and high-paying job to start his own business.
29. You need time off work because of repetitive strain injury
30. Many employees are suddenly made redundant.
31. Potential employees are more likely to find a job that is more worthwhile.
32. You lack initiative and motivation
33. He has adverse working conditions.
34. She is a semi-skilled blue-collar worker in a manufacturing industry.
35. Whether a person is between jobs or wants to change career, volunteering can be one way of
seeing what's available.

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Some people live to work, and others work to live. In most cases, this depends on
the job they have and the conditions under which they are employed. In your
opinion, what are the elements that make a job worthwhile?
Well, I would like to look first at the elements that combine to make a job undesirable. By
avoiding such factors, potential employees are more likely to find a job that is more worthwhile,
and by doing so, to achieve happiness in their work. First of all, it doesn't matter if you are an
unskilled worker cleaning the floor, a semi-skilled blue-collar worker on a production line in one
of the manufacturing industries, or a white-collar worker at a bank, shop or one of the other
service industries. If you lack career security, with the knowledge that you might lose your task
at any time, you will never feel happy. Everybody would like a steady spot in which he or she is
guaranteed work. However, companies have made their staff redundant and hired new ones.
Such companies are not popular with their workers. The same can be said about a job in which
you are put under a lot of stress and worry, a job which is so demanding that it takes over your
life, a job where you work unsocial hours and so never get to see your family or friends, or a
physical job in which you do the same thing every day and end up with the industrial disease that
is always in the papers nowadays - repetitive strain injury (RSI). With all these negative factors,
it would be difficult to believe that there are any elements that make a business worthwhile.
Money is, of course, the prime motivator, and everybody wants a good salary, but of course, that
is not all. The chance of promotion is a motivating factor. Likewise, perks such as a free lunch or
a company car, an incentive scheme to make you work hard such as a regular pay rise above the
rate of inflation, sickness benefit in case you fall ill and a company pension scheme so that you
have some money when you retire all combine to make a job worthwhile. Unfortunately, it is not
always easy to find all of these. There is, however, an alternative. Forget the office and the factory
floor and become self-employed. Your future may not be secure, but at least you will be happy.

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Side Vocabulary:
‫درون و بی ن‬
extrinsic and intrinsic factors: ‫ون‬ ‫ن‬ ‫عوامل‬
‫ر‬
facing many pitfalls ‫مواجه شدن با مشکالت زیاد‬
enormous impact ‫تاثی زیاد‬ ‫ر‬
take advantage of somebody ‫از کیس سوء استفاده کردن‬
take advantage of something ‫چیی نهایت استفاده رو کردن‬ ‫از ر ن‬
aptitude ‫استعداد‬
relatively simple ‫نسبتا ساده‬
vary ‫ متفاوت بودن‬،‫تغیی کردن‬
‫ر‬
tend to ‫ اغلب کاری رو کردن‬،‫مایل بودن‬
be accustomed to doing something ‫داشت‬ ‫ین‬ ‫عادت به انجام کاری‬
I’m in my twenties ‫در دهه بیست هستم‬
Worthwhile ‫با ارزش‬
it doesn't matter if … ... ‫مهم نیست که آیا‬
in which ‫که درون‬
‫رن‬
the same can be said about … ‫گفته بشه‬... ‫همت میتونه در مورد‬
take over ‫تصاحب کردن‬
end up with ‫چیی ختم شدن‬ ‫درنهایت به ر ن‬
the prime motivator ‫محرک اصل‬
a motivating factor ‫انگی رش‬
‫یک عامل ر ن‬
‫هم ر ن‬
likewise ‫چنت‬
so that ‫به این ترتیب که‬
alternative ‫جایگزین‬

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IELTS Speaking Practice Test: Job and working life
Section 1
1. Describe the company or organization you work for.
2. What do you like about your job?
3. What do you dislike about your job?
4. How many hours do you work each day?
5. Do you get on well with your colleagues?
6. What was your first day like at work?
7. If you had a chance, would you change your job?
8. Which jobs are the most respected in your country?
9. Some people say it’s better to work for yourself than be employed by a company, what’s your
view?
10. What is your typical day like at work?
Section 2
You have 1 minute to read the instructions in the box and prepare an answer. You can make notes. After
your preparation time has ended, please speak for 1 to 2 minutes on this topic.
Describe a job that you consider highly important
You should say:
what the job is
what the job involves
why it is important
and explain if people who do this job are appreciated enough by society
Section 3
11. What is the most dangerous job?
12. Do you think the job someone has determines who they are?
13. What jobs are most popular among young people these days?
14. Are there enough jobs for people who want to do this kind of work?
15. Is it easier to change jobs now than in the past?
16. Do people usually choose the right career?
17. What career advice should be given to young people?
18. What changes in employment have there been in recent years in your country?
19. What are some of the important things a candidate should find out before accepting a job?
20. Are there many English teachers in your city?

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Related topics:
1. Describe an occasion when you got positive feedback for work that you did.
You should say:
What you did?
When was it?
Why you got positive feedback?
How you felt about it?
2. Describe a time you were busy.

You should say:
When did it happen?
Where were you?
What did you do?
And explain why you were that busy.
3. Describe a positive change in your life.

You should say:
What the change was?
When it happened?
How it happened?
And explain why it was a positive change.

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Lesson 2
Education and Student Life
Acquire skills/ knowledge ‫ دانش‬/‫به دست آوردن مهارت ها‬
Core subjects/ basic skills/ literacy/ numeracy ‫ مهارت های اساش سواد حساب‬/‫موضوعات اساش‬
/ /
Have a thirst for knowledge ‫تشنه علم بودن‬
Compulsory education ‫تحصیل اجباری‬
Take an intensive course ‫دوره ی متمرکز گذروندن‬
Further education )‫دبیستان ویل خارج از دانشگاه( مثل کالج‬‫تحصیالت بعد از ر‬
Higher education ‫تحصیالت عالیه‬
Distance education ‫آموزش از راه دور‬
Segregated=single-sex, coeducational school ‫ مختلط‬/‫مدرسه جدا‬
Private, public school ‫ ی‬،‫غیانتفان‬
‫دولب‬ ‫مدرسه ر‬
‫ی‬
Extracurricular activities, curriculum ‫ر‬
‫تقویم آموزش‬،‫فعالیتهای فوق برنامه‬
Tuition fees ‫شهریه‬
Well-rounded education ‫آموزش جامع‬
Dormitory ‫خوابگاه‬
Reach sb’s full potential ‫از نهایت قوا استفاده کردن‬
Dropout, adolescent ‫ نوجوان‬،‫اخراچ‬
Hold a bachelor’s, master’s degree in… ...‫ فوق لیسانس در‬،‫داشت مدرک لیسانس‬ ‫ین‬
Pass the exam with flying colors ‫ن‬ ‫ی‬
)‫با موفقیت امتحان دادن ( نمرات درخشان گرفت‬
Resit exams ‫مجدد امتحان دادن‬
Be right up sb’s street ‫مناسب برای کیس بودن‬
Strict / lenient teachers ‫ مالیم و آسون ر‬/‫معلم های جدی‬
‫گی‬
Studious and hardworking ‫با پشتکار‬
Grammar required:
• Correlative conjunction (neither…nor...) (p364)
• The…the.. double comparatives

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‫‪ .1‬سیستم آموزش در ایران به دو سطح اصل تقسیم مشود‪ :‬آموزش دبستان و آموزش ر‬
‫دبیستان‪.‬‬
‫‪…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….‬‬
‫‪ .2‬تعداد زیادی مدارس ی‬

‫دولب رایگان همراه با مدارس خصویص با شهریه های باال وجود دارند‪.‬‬
‫‪…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….‬‬
‫ی‬
‫‪ .3‬درس خواندن میتواند از شما در مقابل سالخوردگ و زوال عقل محافظت کند‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..‬‬
‫ر‬
‫آموزش مل اجباری هستند بهعنوان دروس اساش در نظر گرفته مشوند‪.‬‬ ‫ن‬
‫ریایص و علوم که در تقویم‬ ‫‪.4‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..‬‬
‫یادگیی را به من القا کردهاست‪ ،‬بنابراین من درباره شاخه های مختلف علیم عمیقا کنجکاوم‪.‬‬
‫ر‬ ‫‪ .5‬پدر من همیشه عطش به علم و‬
‫………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………‬
‫ر‬
‫آموزش مختلط به عنوان یک جامعه در ابعاد کوچک در نظر گرفته مشود‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .6‬محیط‬
‫…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………‬
‫‪ .7‬من دارای مدرک مهندش عمران از دانشگاه تهران مباشم‪.‬‬

‫…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………‬
‫‪ .8‬من در رشته حسابداری درس مخوانم‪.‬‬

‫‪………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..‬‬
‫داشت تعامالت اجتمایع ن‬

‫کاق محروم هستند‪.‬‬ ‫ین‬ ‫‪ .9‬خیل از نوجوانان از‬
‫‪………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..‬‬
‫‪ .10‬من نه اجازه داشتم در فعالیتهای فوق برنامه رشکت کنم و نه با دانشآموزان سفیدپوست حرف بزنم‪.‬‬
‫‪………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………….‬‬
‫‪ .11‬اگرچه که او با پشتکار و محبوب در میان بقیه دانشآموزان بود‪ ،‬نزدیک به آخرین در کالسش رتبه بندی شد‪.‬‬
‫‪………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…….‬‬
‫‪ .12‬آینده آموزش از راه دور همیشه مورد سوال قرار گرفته است‪.‬‬
‫‪………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..‬‬
‫ی‬
‫جنسیب درس بخوانند‪.‬‬ ‫بت پرسها و ی‬
‫دخی ها در دنیای واقیع بسیار ناشیانه و رشمآور خواهد بود اگر در مدرسه تک‬ ‫‪ .13‬تعامل ر ن‬
‫‪…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….….‬‬
‫‪ .14‬نجاری کار مورد عالقه من نیست‪ .‬ترجیح مدم به کس دیگه پول بدم که این کار را انجام بدهد‪.‬‬
‫‪………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..‬‬

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‫ی‬
‫نظی رای دادن‪ ،‬کارهای داوطلبانه وعالقه‬ ‫‪ .15‬افراد تحصیلکرده بیشی بهصورت فعال در ر‬
‫گی در فعالیتهای اجتمایع متنوع ر‬
‫سیاش هستند‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………….‬‬
‫پیرسفت مکند‪.‬‬ ‫ی‬

‫بیشی جلو مرود و ر‬ ‫‪ .16‬هرچقدر شهروندان یک کشور تحصیلکرده تر باشند‪ ،‬کشور‬
‫‪…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…………………….‬‬
‫گی هستند‪.‬‬ ‫بعیص معلمها بسیار مالیم هستند و ن‬

‫برچ بسیار سخت ر‬ ‫ن‬ ‫‪.17‬‬
‫‪………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…….‬‬
‫‪ .18‬دانشآموزان باید یک دوره متمرکز یک ماهه در عکاش بگذرانند‪.‬‬

‫‪………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..‬‬
‫ن‬
‫‪ .19‬برچ کارشناسان مگویند بچه ی‬
‫هان که در خانه تحصیل مکنند ممکن است آموزش جامیع دریافت نکنند‪.‬‬
‫‪………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……………………………………………….‬‬
‫تعمی تاسیسات در خوابگاه ممنوع است‪.‬‬ ‫ین‬

‫ریخت یا ر‬ ‫‪ .20‬آسیب رساندن یا بههم‬
‫‪…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….….‬‬
‫‪ .21‬شغل معلم این است که به دانشآموزان کمک کند تا به پتانسیل کامل خود را ین بیند‪.‬‬
‫‪………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………….‬‬
‫‪ .22‬ایر نانها از همه اقشار متوانند از نهایت قوای خود استفاده کنند‪.‬‬
‫‪………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………….‬‬
‫ین‬
‫ندانست‪ ،‬ما به کار ادامه مدهیم تا یک محیط کار هماهنگ بهوجود آوریم که در آن کارمندانمان‬ ‫‪ .23‬بهجای قدر این نتایج مثبت را‬
‫بتوانند از نهایت پتانسیل خود استفاده کنند‪.‬‬
‫‪………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..‬‬
‫کمی‪ ،‬رفتار ی‬
‫بهی دانشآموز و‬ ‫پایتتر‪ ،‬مشکالت انضبایط ی‬
‫‪ .24‬مدارس قابل انتخاب( که خود بچه ها انتخاب مکنند) آمار اخراچ ر ن‬
‫ی‬
‫بیشیی را دارند‪.‬‬ ‫رضایت معلم‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………….‬‬
‫ی‬ ‫ی‬
‫‪ .25‬مقاطع بزرگ از زندگ بعد از کودگ وجود دارد که از حافظه خودآگاه حذف مشود‪.‬‬
‫‪…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….….‬‬
‫‪ .26‬من به مدرسه برمگردم چون همیشه از اخراج شدن پشیمان بودم‪.‬‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………….‬‬
‫‪ .27‬باوجود نگر نانهام دوره کارآموزی را با موفقیت( نمرات درخشان) گذراندم‪.‬‬

‫………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………‪…......‬‬

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‫‪ .28‬ما یک رشکت متمکز بر تکنولوژی هستیم‪.‬‬
‫‪…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…………………….‬‬
‫‪ .29‬امتحانات باید منسوخ بشوند چو خیل ی‬

‫اسیسآور هستند‪.‬‬
‫‪………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………….‬‬
‫‪ .30‬نمره خون نگرفت بنابراین تصمیم گرفت دوباره امتحان بده‪.‬‬

‫‪………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………….‬‬
‫یادگیی بکنیم‪.‬‬
‫ر‬ ‫‪ .31‬ما باید از هر فرصت نهایت استفاده رو برای‬
‫‪………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………….‬‬
‫‪ .32‬هزینه تحصیالت عالیه در حال افزایش است‪.‬‬

‫‪………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………….‬‬
‫‪ .33‬او کمک هزینه ای از دولت محل دریافت کرد تا به او کمک کند هزینه دوره خود را یبیدازد‪.‬‬
‫‪………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………….‬‬
‫‪ .34‬او کتاب های زیادی خوانده و دانش زیادی کسب کرده است‪.‬‬
‫‪………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………….‬‬
‫‪ .35‬او در کالج تحصیالت تکمیل تدریس م کند‪.‬‬
‫‪………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………….‬‬

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Lesson 2 - answer
1. The education system in Iran is divided into two main levels: primary education and
high-school education.
2. There are many free public schools as well as private schools with high tuition fees.
3. Studying can protect you against aging and dementia.
4. Mathematics and science that are compulsory in the national curriculum are considered core
subjects.
5. My dad has always instilled a thirst for knowledge into me, so I’m deeply curious about
different branches of science.
6. The coeducational environment is regarded as a miniature society.
7. I hold a bachelor’s degree in civil engineering from the University of Tehran.
8. I’m majoring in accounting.
9. Many of the adolescents are deprived of having enough social interactions.
10. I was allowed neither to participate in extracurricular activities nor to talk to white students.
11. Although he was studious and popular with other students, he was ranked near the bottom in
his class.
12. The future of distance education has always been questioned.
13. The interaction between boys and girls in real life will be too awkward and embarrassing if they
study in a single-sex school.
14. Carpentry isn't right up my street. I'd rather pay someone else to do it.
15. Educated people are more actively involved in various social activities such as voting,
volunteering and political interest.
16. The more educated a country’s citizens are, the more the country will advance and progress.
17. Some teachers are too lenient and some are too strict.
18. Students must take a month-long intensive course in photography.
19. Some experts say that home-schooled children may not receive a well-rounded education.
20. It is forbidden to damage or disassemble or refit the installations in the dormitory.
21. The teacher's job is to help children realize their full potential.
22. Iranians from all walks of life can reach their full potential.
23. Rather than take these positive results for granted, we continue to work at creating a
harmonious workplace where our employees can reach their full potential.
24. Schools of choice have lower dropout rates, fewer discipline problems, better student
attitudes, and higher teacher satisfaction.
25. There are great chunks of life, after childhood, which drop out of conscious memory.
26. I'm going back to school because I always regretted dropping out of college.
27. In spite of my worries, I passed my apprenticeship with flying colors.
28. We are a technology-intensive company.
29. Exams should be abolished because they are very stressful.
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30. He didn’t get a good grade, so he decided to resit the exam.

31. We should make the best of every opportunity to learn
32. The cost of higher education is increasing.
33. He received a local government grant to help him pay for his course.
34. He has read a lot of books and acquired a lot of knowledge.
35. She teaches at a college of further education.
‘ You are never too old to learn’. Do you agree with this statement?
Education is a long process that not only provides us with basic skills such as numeracy and literacy, but
is also essential in shaping our future lives. From the moment we enter kindergarten as small children,
and as we progress through primary and secondary education, we are laying the foundations for the life
ahead of us. We must discipline ourselves to work hard so that we can pass exams and gain the
qualifications we will need to secure a good job. We must also acquire valuable life skills.
For most people, this process ends when they are in their mid-to-late teens. For others, however, it is the
beginning of a lifetime of learning. After they finish school, many progress to further education where
they will learn more useful skills such as computer literacy or basic business management. Others will
enroll in a programme of higher education at a university where, with hard work, they will have the
opportunity to graduate after three or four years with a well-earned qualification. After that, they may
work for a while before opting to study for a higher degree. Alternatively, they might follow a
correspondence course using mail and the Internet. In fact, it is largely due to the proliferation of
computers that many people, who have not been near a school for many years, have started to study
again and can proudly class themselves as mature students.
We live in a fascinating and constantly changing world, and we must continually learn and acquire new
knowledge if we are to adapt and keep up with changing events. Our schooldays are just the beginning,
whether we are eighteen or eighty. You are, indeed, never too old to learn.

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Side Vocabulary:
Be divided into … ‫چیی تقسیم شدن‬ ‫به ر ن‬
protect something against… ‫ محافظت کردن‬... ‫چیی در برابر‬ ‫از ر ن‬
instill something into somebody ‫چیی رو ذره ذره یاد دادن‬ ‫به کیس ر ن‬
be deeply curious about… ‫ عمیقا کنجکاو بودن‬... ‫در مورد‬
be regarded as… ‫ در نظر گرفته شدن‬... ‫به عنوان‬
a miniature society ‫یه جامعه کوچک‬
be deprived of… ‫ محروم بودن‬... ‫از‬
be allowed to do ... ‫داشت‬ ‫ین‬ ‫اجازه انجام کاری رو‬
awkward ‫عجیب‬
embarrassing ‫رشم آور‬
I'd rather do something ‫ترجیح میدم کاری رو انجام بدم‬
people from all walks of life ‫مردم از همه اقشار‬
take something for granted ‫ندونست و هدر دادن‬ ‫ین‬ ‫قدر ر ن‬
‫چیی رو‬
regret doing something ‫از انجام کاری پشیمون بودن‬
In spite of ‫عل رغم‬
apprenticeship ‫دوره کارآموزی‬
provide somebody with something ‫چیی رو برای کیس فراهم کردن‬ ‫رن‬
shape something ‫چیی رو شکل دادن‬ ‫رن‬
lay the foundations for … ‫ فراهم کردن‬... ‫بسی برای‬ ‫ی‬
enroll in ‫ثبت نام کردن در‬
attend ‫رشکت کردن در‬
it is largely due to .... ‫عمدتا بخاطر‬
the proliferation of .... .... ‫گسیش‬‫ی‬
mature ‫بالغ‬
a fascinating and constantly changing world ‫تغیی و جذاب‬ ‫دنیای مدام در حال ر‬
keep up with .... ‫چیی‬ ‫ همگام شدن با ر ن‬،‫چیی رسیدن‬ ‫به ر ن‬
make the best of something ‫چیی کردن‬ ‫بهیین استفاده رو از ر ن‬ ‫ی‬

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IELTS Speaking Practice Test: education and student life

Section 1
1. What do you study?
2. Where do you study that?
3. Why did you choose that subject?
4. Do you like that subject?
5. Do you plan to get a job in the same field as your subject?
6. If you had the chance, would you change that subject?
7. Do you study english now?
8. Did you enjoy/ Do you enjoy studying at school?
9. Is it important to obtain a bachelor’s degree in your country?
Section 2
Describe a subject you enjoyed studying at school. you should say:

where and when you started studying it
what lessens were like
what made the subject different from other subjects
and explain why you enjoyed the subject
Section 3
10. Should all the students pay for their university education?
11. What advantages do universities bring to society?
12. What are some pros of studying on a distance learning course?
13. What are some essential qualities every teacher should have?
14. How are education priorities today different from those in the past?
15. What is your opinion on the way languages are taught in schools?
16. How can the type of school you go to affect career success?
17. What changes do you think will happen in the classroom in the near future?
18. Should students be allowed to submit evaluations of their teachers?
19. Is the Internet a valuable educational tool?
20. Which subjects do you think should be optional and which should be compulsory?

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Related topics:
1. Describe a resolution you made in the new year
You should say:
What is the resolution?
How will you complete it?
How you feel about it?
Why you made this resolution?
2. Describe a time when you helped a child.
You should say:
When it was?
How you helped him/her?
Why you helped him/her?
3. Describe your favorite subject.
You should say:
What the subject it is?
When you started learning it?
What did you learn?nd how you felt about it?

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Lesson3
Food, Health and Sport
Have a huge appetite ‫ین‬
‫داشت‬ ‫اشتهای زیاد‬
Have a sweet tooth ‫ین‬
‫داشت‬ ‫شیین‬‫طبع ر‬
Have a poor appetite, be a fussy-eater ‫ن‬ ‫ی‬
‫ بدغذا بودن‬،‫اشتهای کم داشت‬
Be allergic to … ‫ین‬
‫داشت‬ ‫چیی آلرژی‬‫به ر ن‬
Fast food, junk food, greasy foods, take-aways ‫ غذاهای ربیون‬،‫ غذای چرب‬،‫ هله هوله‬،‫فست فود‬
Genetically modified foods ‫غذاهای اصالح ژنتیگ شده‬
Unhealthy foods ‫غذاهای ناسالم‬
Processed foods ‫غذاهای فراوری شده‬
Pre-packed foods ‫غذاهای از پیش بسته بندی شده‬
Overeating, to cut down on… ...‫ کم کردن‬،‫پرخوری‬
Go on a well-balanced diet/ eat a balaneced diet ‫ متعادل ی ن‬،‫رژیم سالم‬
‫گرفت‬
Go for a brisk walk ‫پیاده روی شی ع ی ن‬
‫رفت‬
Battery chickens ‫هان که در قفس نگه داره میشن‬ ‫مرغ ی‬
Free range animals ‫حیوانات آزاد‬
scrumptious- palatable/ tasty ‫ خوشمزه‬،‫ خوش طعم‬،‫لذیذ‬
Infectious, chronic, contagious diseases ‫ مرسی‬،‫ مزمن‬،‫عفون‬ ‫ن‬ ‫بیماری های‬
Premature aging, death/ dementia ‫ زوال عقل‬،‫ مرگ زودرس‬،‫رپیی زودرس‬
Build up resistance to... ..‫ایجاد مقاومت در برابر‬
Acute stress/ Anorexia, obesity ‫ی‬
‫ چاق شدید‬،‫اشتهان‬ ‫ یماری ن‬،‫اسیس شدید‬ ‫ی‬
‫ی‬
Food poisoning ‫غذان‬
‫مسمومیت ی‬
Vital nutrients/ nutritious meals ‫ وعده های مغذی‬،‫مواد مغذی حیان‬ ‫ی‬
To take up vigorous=strenuous# gentle exercise ‫ آرام‬،‫رشوع کردن ورزش شدید‬
To be a sports enthusiast ‫عالقهمند به ورزش بودن‬
To lose weight, to get toned abs, to maintain ،‫ وزن بدن را حفظ کرن‬،‫ چرن شکم سفت کردن‬،‫وزن کم کردن‬
body weight,to get in shape ‫رو فرم آمدن‬
Contain preservatives / addetives ‫ن‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ی‬
‫ افزودن ها‬/ ‫مواد نگهدارنده داشت‬
Lack minerals and vitamins / Carbohydrates ‫ین‬
‫ کربوهیدرات ها‬/ ‫نداشت‬ ‫ت ها‬ ‫معدن و ویتام ر ن‬‫ن‬ ‫مواد‬
A vegetarian / a vegan ‫ن‬
‫ گیاه خواری که هیچ فرآورده حیوان نمیخوره‬،‫گیاه خوار‬
Malnurished children ‫بچه های دارای سوء تغذیه‬
Lesson 3- practice
Grammar required:
• Correlative conjunction (either…or...) (p364)
• Adverb clauses (although…) (p379)
• If conditional( p427)
• Adverb clauses of condition/Whether or not (p384)
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‫‪ .1‬ما نیاز داریم که مرصف فست فود رو کم کنیم‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….‬‬
‫ن‬
‫افزودن های نا سالم هستند به اندازه غذای تازه مغذی نیستند‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .2‬غذاهای از پیش آماده که شامل‬
‫‪………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..….‬‬
‫‪ .3‬فست فود متداول است نهتنها بخاطر اینکه راحت بلکه لذیذ است‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….‬‬
‫شیین شناخته مشوند‪.‬‬ ‫ین‬

‫داشت طبع ر‬ ‫‪ .4‬ایر نان ها بخاطر‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….‬‬
‫ن‬
‫‪ .5‬بیماری های عفون بسیاری وجود دارد که روی بچه ها ر‬
‫تاثی مگذارد‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……..‬‬
‫‪ .6‬اگر رشایط مزمن دارید‪ ،‬احتماال نیاز خواهید داشت که واکسینه بشوید‪.‬‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………‪………………..….....‬‬
‫‪ .7‬در معرض زیاد نور خورشید بودن باعث رپیی زودهنگام پوست مشود‪.‬‬
‫…‪....……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..‬‬
‫‪ .8‬نیاز به رژیم ی ن‬
‫گرفت نیست‪ .‬تنها خوردن غذای درست به شما کمک مکند در برار بیماری مقاوم شوید‪.‬‬
‫‪.....……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..….‬‬
‫ی‬
‫زندگ با ی‬
‫اسیس شدید و اضطراب تهدید مشود‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .9‬کیفیت‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………‪………………………………………..….....‬‬
‫‪ .10‬صخره نوردی در گروه ورزش شدید قرار م ر‬

‫گید‪.‬‬
‫‪.….....…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….‬‬
‫‪ .11‬من فکر نیمکنم که هیچوقت به بانج جامپینگ عالقه مند بشوم‪.‬‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………‪..….....‬‬
‫ی‬
‫زندگ نتحرک و کاهش قابل توجه در فعالیت های ر ن‬ ‫ی‬
‫قییگ روزانه مباشد‪.‬‬ ‫چاق شدید نتیجه سبک‬ ‫‪.12‬‬
‫………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………‪……..….....‬‬
‫شی نیب دانمارگ لذیذ را بسوزاند‪.‬‬

‫‪ .13‬یک نفر باید ‪ 3‬مایل شی ع پیاده روی کند تا ‪ 275‬کالری موجود در یه ر‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………‪………………………………………………..…....‬‬
‫پرهی کنند و نیازهای مرتبط با مواد مغذی نضوری را با‬ ‫ن‬

‫کسان که گیاهخوار نامیده مشوند باید از مرصف گوشت و مرغ ر ن‬ ‫‪ .14‬همه‬
‫خوردن میوه و ن‬
‫سییجات برطرف کنند‪.‬‬
‫………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………‪……..….....‬‬
‫‪ .15‬غذاهای چرب را کم کنید اگر م خواهید وزن کم کنید‪.‬‬
‫……‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..‬‬

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‫اشتهان متواند شدید و مهلک باشد‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .16‬عوارض ر ن‬
‫فییگ پرخوری اجباری یا کم‬
‫ی‬
‫…………………………………………………………………………………………………‪.…………………………..…....………………………………………....‬‬
‫‪ .17‬بهنظرمن ی ن‬
‫آشیی یک بار و مسولیت است نه یک لذت‪.‬‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………‪…………………………..….....…………….....‬‬
‫‪ .18‬اگر اشتهای زیادی داری باید مقادیر زیادی از غذاهای کم کالری که فیی زیادی دارند بخوری تا کمک کنند ر‬
‫سی بشوی‪.‬‬
‫…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………‪…………………………..….........‬‬
‫‪ .19‬افزایش اشتها در بچهها و نوجوانان در طول بازه های ن‬
‫زمان رشدشان یا دنبال کردن فعالیت های شدید رخ مدهد‪.‬‬
‫………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………‪…………………………..….....…………....‬‬
‫ر‬
‫گزینیس عمل میکنند ( انتخان هستند)‪.‬‬ ‫چیی که مخورند‬ ‫ی‬
‫بیشی در مورد ر ن‬ ‫‪ .20‬بدغذاها‬
‫………………………………………………………………………………………………‪…………………………..….....…………………………………………....‬‬
‫‪ .21‬هیچکس از هر طرف خانواده من بدغذا نیست‪.‬‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………‪…………………………..….....……………....‬‬
‫غذان باعث‬ ‫‪ .22‬اگرچه بهصورت سالم غذا خوردن متواند نسبتا ساده باشد‪ ،‬افزایش رژیم های ی‬
‫غذان محبوب و روندهای رژیم ی‬
‫شدرگیم شده است‪.‬‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………‪…………………………..….....……………………....‬‬
‫‪ .23‬او سیگار و قهوه را کم کرد و رژیم ی‬

‫غذان متعادیل را استفاده کرد‪.‬‬
‫………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………‪…………………………..….....…………...‬‬
‫ن‬
‫طوالن مدت آسیب بزنند‪.‬‬ ‫ی‬
‫سالمب ما در‬ ‫‪ .24‬غذاهای فرآوری شده ممکن است به‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪…………………………......……………………....………………………....‬‬
‫ی‬
‫فرصب به من داده بشود مخواهم ورزشکار بشوم‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .25‬من عالقهمند به ورزش هستم و اگر‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪…………………………......……………………....………………………....‬‬
‫ی‬ ‫ی‬
‫هان مشود که‬ ‫‪ .26‬دولت باید ابتکارات بیشیی داشته باشد و سیاستهای سخت ر‬
‫گیانه تری را اجرا کند وقب صحبت از فعالیت ی‬
‫تاثی مگذارند‪.‬‬
‫روی سالمت مردم ر‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪…………………………......……………………....………………………....‬‬
‫‪ .27‬شما حداقل به ‪ 20‬دقیقه ورزش شدید روزانه نیاز دارید‪.‬‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪…………………………......……………………....………………………....‬‬
‫‪ .28‬بهعنوان یک گیاهخوار تو باید نه گوشت و مایه و نه مرغ بخوری‪.‬‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪……………....……………………....………………………....‬‬
‫‪ .29‬افراد زیادی به مغز آلرژی دارن که به این معنیه که اگ آن ها رو بخورن وانکش ن‬
‫بدن بدی دارن‪.‬‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪……………....……………………....………………………....‬‬
‫ی‬
‫درسب شده است‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .30‬امسال برداشت بسیار بد بوده است زیرا باران زیاد مانع از رسیدن محصوالت به‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪……………....……………………....………………………....‬‬
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‫ی‬
‫ من از خوردن تخم مرغ مرغ های قفیس اجتناب میکنم چون حیوانات نباید زندگ خود را محصور شده در قفس های کوچک‬.31
.‫بگذرانند‬
……………....……………………....………………………....……………………………………………………………………………………………
‫ نابودی محصول باعث قحیط ی‬.32
.‫گسیده در منطقه شد‬
……………....……………………....………………………....……………………………………………………………………………………………
.‫ من چند کیلوگرم اضافه وزن دارم‬.33
……………....……………………....………………………....……………………………………………………………………………………………
.‫ نییم از کودکان در مدرسه دچار سوء تغذیه بودند‬.34
……………....……………………....………………………....……………………………………………………………………………………………
.‫ بسیاری از مردم به غذاهای اصالح شده ژنتیگ اعتماد ندارند‬.35

……....……………………....………………………....……………………………………………………………………………………………
Lesson 3- Answer
life
orking
1. We need to cut down on fast food.

2. Pre-packed foods, which contain unhealthy additives, are not as nutritious as fresh food.
3. Fast food is popular because it is not only convenient but also scrumptious.
4. Iranians are known for having a sweet tooth.
5. There are a number of infectious diseases which affect children.
6. If you have a chronic condition, you will probably need to get vaccinated.
7. Too much exposure to the sun can trigger the premature aging of skin.
8. There’s no need to go on a diet. Just eating the right food helps you build up resistance to
disease.
9. The quality of life is threatened by acute stress and anxiety.
10. Rock climbing is categorized as a vigorous sport.
11. I don't think I could ever acquire a taste for bungee jumping.
12. Obesity is the result of a sedentary lifestyle and a substantial reduction in everyday physical
activity.
13. One should briskly walk three miles just to work off the 275 calories in one scrumptious
Danish pastry.
14. All who are called vegetarians must abstain from the consumption of flesh and fowl and
meet all of the vital nutrient needs by eating fruit and vegetables.
15. Cut down on greasy foods if you want to lose weight.

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16. The physical consequences of either compulsive overeating or anorexia can be severe and
fatal.
17. To me, cooking is a burden not a pleasure.
18. If you have a huge appetite, you should eat large quantities of low-cal foods that are high in
fiber to help fill you up.
19. An increase in appetite occurs in children and adolescents during periods of growth or
following strenuous activities.
20. Fussy eaters are more selective about what they eat.
21. No one on either side of my family is a fussy eater.
22. Although eating healthy can be fairly simple, the rise in popular diets and dieting trends has
caused confusion.
23. He cut down on coffee and cigarettes, and ate a balanced diet.
24. Processed foods may damage our health in the long term.
25. I’m a sports enthusiast, and if I’m given an opportunity, I want to be a sportsman.
26. The government should have more initiatives and implement strict policies when it comes to
activities that affect people’s health.
27. You need at least 20 minutes of vigorous exercise every day.
28. As a vegeterian, you should eat neither fish nor flesh and fowl.
29. A lof of people are allergic to nuts, which means that they have a bad physical reaction if they
eat them.
30. The harvest has been very bad this year because too much rain has prevented crops from
ripening properly.
31. I reuse to eat eggs from battery chikens because animals shouldn’t spend their lives confined in
small cages.
32. The crop failure caused widespread famin in the region.
33. I’m a couple of kilogrammes overweight.
34. Half of children in school were malnurished.
35. Many people don’t trust genetically modified foods.

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Food & diet
Children love eating fast food but burgers, chicken nuggets and other heavily processed food products
not only contain a large number of unhealthy chemicals and other additives, but also lack the essential
vitamins and minerals that a child needs. In addition, they also contain a lot of fat and carbohydrates
which, if eaten in quantity, can result in childhood obesity.
Many children end up malnourished, since they eat too much of the wrong sort of food. In fact, in many
parts of the developed world, a lot of children show similar symptoms to those in poorer developng
country, where food shortages cause thousands of deaths from starvation, especially in the wake of
natural disasters which ruin crops and in some cases totally destroy the annual harvest. Furthermore, the
large amounts of cholesterol in animal and dairy products are believed to be partly responsible for
increased cases of heart disease in young people, a recent phenomenon that is causing great concern.
It is therefore important that children learn the benefits of eating a balanced diet and consuming
sufficient quantities of the different food groups. They should be encouraged to eat more fresh fruit and
vegetables, and also more food that is high in fiber. They should still be allowed the occasional pizza or
burger, but these should be seen as an occasional treat rather than forming the main part of their diet.
Side Vocabulary:
not only …but also … ... ‫ بلکه‬... ‫نه تنها‬
In addition, ... ‫عالوه بر‬
in quantity ‫به مقدار زیاد‬
end up with … ‫چیی ختم شدن‬ ‫به ر ن‬
in the wake of .... ‫در ین‬
ruin ‫خراب کردن‬
something is believed to be … .‫ است‬.... ‫چیی باور بر این است که‬‫رن‬
be high in … ‫ زیاد بودن‬... ‫در‬
contain ‫شامل شدن‬
convenient ‫راحت‬
be known for… ‫ شناخته شده بودن‬... ‫برای‬
exposure ‫معرض‬
Be exposed to …. ‫ بودن‬... ‫در معرض‬
be categorized as ‫ دسته بندی شدن‬... ‫به عنوان‬
reduction in… ... ‫کاهش در‬
abstain from ‫دوری کردن از‬
severe and fatal ‫شدید و مهلک‬
adolescents )10-19 (‫نوجوانان‬
the rise in ... ‫افزایش در‬
implement ‫اجرا کردن‬
strict policies ‫گیانه‬‫سیاست های سخت ر‬
when it comes to something / doing something ‫میسه‬ ‫ی‬
‫ ر‬... ‫وقب نوبت به‬
confine something to something ‫چیی محصور کردن‬ ‫چیی رو به ر ن‬ ‫رن‬

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IELTS Speaking Practice Test: Food, health, and sport
Section 1
1. What do you think are the health benefits of playing a sport?
2. Have you ever had any habits which you consider unhealthy?
3. In what ways do you try to stay healthy?
4. What part of your lifestyle would you most like to make healthier?
5. Do you eat much junk food?
6. How important is healthy eating in your life?
7. In your opinion what is more important, eating healthy food or doing exercises?
8. What’s the most popular sport in your country?
9. Have you got any hobbies or interests?
10. How do you spend a typical weekend?
Section 2
Discuss a sports activity you watched or joined, you should say
Where it happened
What exactly happened
Why it was memorable.
Section 3
11. What is the role of the government in promoting health care?
12. How can individuals take more responsibility for their own health?
13. What is the best way of helping people with an addiction?
14. Do you think people start worrying more about their health as they become older?
15. Do you think there are more unhealthy people these days than there were decades ago?
16. Why do you think some people continue bad habits when they know that they are damaging
to their health?
17. Do you think people have become more health conscious in recent years?
18. What are the advantages of hosting different international sporting events in a country
19. How can we encourage children to participate in different types of sporting activities?
20. Which sports do you think are best for people who aren’t used to physical activity?

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Related topics:
1. Describe a difficult thing you did.
You should say
What it was?
How did you complete it?
Why it was difficult?
And how you felt about doing it?
2. Describe a course that impressed you a lot.
You should say:
What the course was about?
Where you took the course?
What you did during the course?
And explain why it impressed you a lot?
3. Describe a plant, vegetable or crop that you are familiar with.
You should say:
What it is and where it grows?
How you became familiar with it?
What you like or dislike about it?
And explain why this is important for your country.

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Lesson 4
City vs. Countryside
‫ی‬
High cost of living / exorbitant prices ‫ قیمت های گزاف‬/ ‫هزینه زندگ باال‬
Recreation facilities, theme parks ‫ پارک های موضویع‬،‫امکانات تفریج‬
‫ی‬
Urban sprawl ‫پراکندگ شهری‬
Anonymity ‫ناشناس بودن‬
Basic infrastructures ‫زیرساخت های اساش‬
Amenities ‫امکانات‬
‫ی‬
Cultural events ‫رویدادهای فرهنگ‬
Pedestrian precincts ‫محوطه های عابر پیاده‬
Blocks of flats ‫ن‬
‫آپارتمان‬ ‫بلوک های‬
‫ی‬
A decent life ‫زندگ مطلوب‬
To get stuck in traffic, a traffic jam, traffic
‫ انبوه (تراکم) ترافیک‬،‫ راهبندان‬،‫گی کردن‬
‫در ترافیک ر‬
congestion
‫ی‬
Sedentary lifestyle ‫سبک زندگ بدون تحرک‬
To be packed like sardines )‫فرسده و کیپ هم( کنایه از جای شلوغ‬ ‫ر‬
Bustling centers, a jammed city ‫ شهر شلوغ‬،‫مراکز شلوغ‬
‫ی‬
Hectic pace of life ‫شعت زندگ تنشزا‬
The rat race ‫رقابت ن‬
‫منق‬
Residential areas, rural areas ‫روستان‬ ‫ن‬
‫ مناطق‬،‫مناطق مسکون‬
‫ی‬
To be in chaos ‫در هرج ومرج بودن‬
Rustic (rural) charm ‫روستان‬
‫ی‬ ‫جذابیت‬
Productive/ arable land ‫ قابل زرع‬/‫ت پربار‬ ‫زم ر ن‬
Pesticides/ chemical fertilizers ‫ کودهای شیمیا ین‬/ ‫آفت کش ها‬
High-rise buildings, skyscrapers ‫ آسمان خراش ها‬/‫ساختمان های بلندمرتبه‬
Poor sanitation and hygiene ‫بهداشت و درمان ضعیف‬
No-go zones / drug abuse ‫ن‬
‫غی قانون مواد مخدر‬ ‫مرصف ر‬/‫نواچ خطرناک‬
‫ی‬
The pressure of modern city life ‫فشار زندگ مدرن شهری‬
Population explosion/ depopulation )‫زدان ( کاهش جمعیت‬ ‫ جمعیت ی‬/‫انفجار جمعیت‬
Congestion scheme/ carpooling ‫جان بردن‬ ‫رن‬
‫ماشت چند نفر رو از یه مبدا ی‬ ‫ با یک‬/‫طرح ترافیک‬
Metropolitan, cosmopolitan, coastal, industrial ‫ی‬
‫ منطقه مرکز شهر و‬،‫صنعب‬،‫ساحل‬ ،‫بتالملل‬ ‫ ر ن‬،‫شهر بزرگ‬
city, inner city ‫فقی ر ن‬
‫نشت‬ ‫ر‬
Road rage ‫خشونت جادهای‬
Grammar required:
• Correlative conjunction (both…and...) (p364)
• Adverb clauses (although…) (p379)
• Showing contrast ( in spite of…)(p416)
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‫ی‬ ‫ی‬
‫‪ .1‬هردو‪ ،‬زندگ کردن در شهر شلوغ و روستا‪ ،‬مزایا و معایب خود را دارند و این به سلیقه شخیص بستگ دارد‪.‬‬
‫…………………………………………………………………………………………………‪…………………......……………………………………....‬‬
‫رن‬
‫ساکنت کمو بیش یکدیگر را مشناسند‪ .‬بنابراین احتمال دزدی یا هر نوع‬ ‫ی‬
‫پرجمعیب شهر ها نیستند و همه‬ ‫روستان به‬ ‫‪ .2‬نواچ‬
‫ی‬
‫جنان دیگر کم است‪.‬‬
‫کار ی‬
‫……………………………………………………‪.…………………………..…....………………………………………....…………………………………….‬‬
‫ن‬
‫ماشیب سوار هستید‪،‬چهبرسد به اینکه آیا کفش یا کیف شما مطابق فصل سال‬ ‫‪ .3‬در روستا‪ ،‬کیس نیمداند شما چه برند‬
‫هست یا نه‪.‬‬
‫………………………………………………………………………………………………‪.………………………..…....………………………………………....‬‬
‫ی‬ ‫ی‬
‫زندگ در روستا به مراتب ی‬
‫کمی است شما متوانید زندگ مناسب ومعقویل داشته باشید‪.‬‬ ‫ازآنجان که هزینه‬
‫ی‬ ‫‪.4‬‬
‫…………………………………………………………………………………………………‪………………………......………………………………………....‬‬
‫ی‬
‫بیشی‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .5‬مردم وادار به رقابت ن‬
‫منق مشوند برای حقوق واعتبار‬
‫…………………………………………………………………………………………………‪………………………......………………………………………....‬‬
‫بیشی و ی‬
‫بیشی هم مشود)‪،‬بهندرت فرصت برای ورزش کردن به من داده مشود‪.‬‬ ‫ی‬ ‫‪ .6‬بهعلت برنامه شلوغم (که‬
‫…………………………………………………………………………………………………‪………………………......………………………………………....‬‬
‫‪ .7‬این شهر امکانات تفریج‪ ،‬پارک های موضویع و برنامه های ن‬
‫هیی را برای مردم در همه ر ن‬
‫سنت ارائه مدهد‪.‬‬
‫…………………………………………………………………………………………………‪………………………......………………………………………....‬‬
‫ی‬
‫‪ .8‬با شعت زندگ تنشزا( پر جنب و جوش) پیدا کردن زمان و آرامش ذهن متواند سخت باشد‪.‬‬
‫…………………………………………………………………………………………………‪………………………......………………………………………....‬‬
‫‪ .9‬ی‬
‫میو در زمان ازدحام بصورت وحشتنایک شلوغ است و مردم ر‬
‫فرسده و کیپ هم هستند‪.‬‬
‫…………………………………………………………………………………………………‪………………………......………………………………………....‬‬
‫‪ .10‬شهرهای زیادی با راهبندان ها مسدود هستند و جای تعجب نیست که خشونت جادهای دارد به یک مشکل واقیع تبدیل‬
‫مشود‪.‬‬
‫………………………………………………………………………………………………‪.………………………..…....………………………………………....‬‬
‫‪ .11‬بعد از قطع ر ن‬
‫تامت رنیوی برق شهر در هرجومرج بود‪.‬‬
‫………………………‪.…………………………..…....…………………………………....……………….……………………………………………………..‬‬
‫‪ .12‬طرح ترافیک بهعنوان یک راه عایل برای کاهش ترافیک در مراکز شلوغ و نواچ بزرگ در نظر گرفته مشود‪.‬‬
‫…………………………………………………………………………………………………‪…………………………......…………………………………....‬‬
‫ی‬
‫خیه شدن(چسبیدن) به‬
‫‪ .13‬ن خوان اغلب بهعنوان مشکل امروز دیده میشه‪ ،‬که توسط سبک زندگهای نتحرک و ر‬
‫گوشهای هوشمند در آخر شب ایجاد میشه‪.‬‬ ‫ر‬
‫………………………………………………………………………………………………‪.………………………..…....………………………………………....‬‬
‫‪ .14‬اگرچه که ساختمان های بلندمرتبه در مناطق شهری رایج هستند‪ ،‬مردم بهندرت این ساختمانها را اجاره مکنند‪.‬‬
‫………………………………………………………………………………………………‪…………………………......………………………………………....‬‬

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‫غی قابل مقایسه با شهر های مدرن است‪.‬‬

‫روستان ر‬
‫ی‬ ‫روستان نواچ‬
‫ی‬ ‫‪ .15‬با وجود شهریسازی شی ع جذابیت‬
‫………………………………………………………………………………………………‪.………………………….....………………………………………....‬‬
‫ی‬
‫مناطق که نواچ خطرناک نامیده مشوند بهعلت آمار جرم باال نیمشوند‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .16‬نه مردم نه پلیس وارد‬
‫………………………………………………………………………………………………‪.……………………..…....………………………………………....‬‬
‫ی‬
‫بهداشب ر ن‬
‫پایت رایج شدهاست‪.‬‬ ‫فقی با رشایط‬ ‫ن‬
‫‪ .17‬کار کودکان در مناطق مسکون ر‬
‫………………………………………………………………………………………………‪.………………………..…....………………………………………....‬‬
‫ی‬
‫زندگ کجا ی‬
‫بهی است‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .18‬همیشه یک معمای بزرگ( سوال‪ ،‬دورایه) وجود دارد که‬
‫…………………………………………………………………………………………………‪………………………......………………………………………....‬‬
‫گی کردم‪.‬‬
‫‪ .19‬نیمساعت در راه بندان ر‬
‫…‪.………………………..…....………………………………………....………………………………………………………………………………………….‬‬
‫‪ .20‬کارپولینگ یک راه خوب برای کاهش تراکم ترافیک است‪.‬‬

‫………………………………………………………………………………………………‪.………………………..…....………………………………………....‬‬
‫ن‬
‫مسکون شهر قرار گرفتهاند باید به مناطق تجاری شهر نقل مکان‬ ‫‪ .21‬مغازهها‪،‬دفاتر و هتلهان که در حال ن‬
‫حاض در نواچ‬ ‫ی‬
‫کنند‪.‬‬
‫………………………………………………………………………………………………‪.………………………..…....………………………………………....‬‬
‫ی‬ ‫ی‬ ‫پیرسفت کرده است‪ ،‬مردم زیادی هنوز بدون ی‬
‫‪ .22‬اگرچه که دنیا در زمینه آب و بهداشت ر‬
‫بهداشب زندگ‬ ‫دسیش به امکانات‬
‫مکنند‪.‬‬
‫………………………………………………………………………………………………‪.………………………..…....………………………………………....‬‬
‫تاثی ن‬
‫منق مگذارد‪.‬‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ی‬ ‫آشامیدن ن‬
‫ن‬
‫سالمب بچه ها ر‬ ‫بهداشب همراه با بهداشت ضعیف روی‬ ‫کاق و امکانات‬ ‫‪ .23‬کمبود اب‬
‫…………………………………………………………………………………………………‪…………………………......………………………………………..‬‬
‫‪ .24‬هزینه درمان شخیص در شهرهای بزرگ بسیار زیاد است‪.‬‬

‫…………………………………………………………………………………………………‪………………………......………………………………………...‬‬
‫‪ .25‬لندن همیشه یک شهر ر ن‬
‫بتالملل و قطب گردشگری بوده است‪.‬‬
‫…………………………………………………………………………………………………‪……………………….....………………………………………....‬‬
‫‪ .26‬رشکت نقل مکان خواهد کرد ویل محل جدید هنوز انتخاب نشده است‪.‬‬
‫…………………………………………………………………………………………………‪…………………………......……………………………………....‬‬
‫نشت م تواند جرم و جنایت را ایجاد کند‪ .‬مرصف مواد مخدر ر ن‬
‫نی یک مشکل بزرگ است‪.‬‬ ‫فقی ر ن‬
‫‪ .27‬فقر در مناطق مرکز شهری ر‬
‫…………………………………………………………………………………………………‪…………………………......……………………………………....‬‬
‫ی‬
‫جمعیب بوده اند‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .28‬شهرها در شتاش جهان شاهد انفجار عظیم‬
‫…………………………………………………………………………………………………‪…………………………......……………………………………....‬‬
‫ی‬
‫‪ .29‬مقابله با فشار زندگ مدرن شهری دشوار است‪.‬‬
‫…………………………………………………………………………………………………‪…………………………......……………………………………....‬‬

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‫ی‬
.‫ آدم های زیادی از ناشناس بودن زندگ در یک شهر بزرگ استقبال م کنند‬.30
…………………………......……………………………………....…………………………………………………………………………………………………
.‫ خودروهای شخیص در منطقه مرکزی تجاری در زمان های اوج ممنوع هستند‬،‫ در سنگاپور‬.31
…………………………......……………………………………....…………………………………………………………………………………………………
‫ن‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ی‬
‫آپارتمان و ایالت های‬ ‫ بلوک های‬،‫بیشی شهرها رایج است و هر جا که م روید محوطه های عابر پیاده‬ ‫ پراکندگ شهری در‬.32
‫ن‬
.‫مسکون وجود دارند‬
…………………………......……………………………………....…………………………………………………………………………………………………
‫ سال گذشته کاهش قابل توجیه در ر ن‬20 ‫ در‬.33
.‫زمت های قابل کشت وجو داشته است‬
…………………………......……………………………………....…………………………………………………………………………………………………
.‫شیمیان که امروزه کشاورزان استفاده م کنند برای محیط زیست خوب نیستند‬
‫ی‬ ‫ آفت کش ها و کودهای‬.34
…………………………......……………………………………....…………………………………………………………………………………………………
.‫روستان معموال کاهش جمعیت و سقوط اقتصادی را تجربه م کنند‬

‫ی‬ ‫ مناطق‬.35
…………………………......……………………………………....…………………………………………………………………………………………………
Lesson 4 - answer
1. Both living in a jammed city and the countryside have their advantages and disadvantages
and it is a matter of personal taste.
2. Rural areas are not as populated as cities and all residents more or less know each other.
Therefore, the possibility of theft or any other type of criminal act is slight.
3. In the countryside, no one has a clue what brand of car you’re driving, let alone whether your
shoes or purse are this year’s season or not.
4. Since the cost of living is much lower in the countryside, you can have a decent life.
5. People are forced into the rat race for higher salary and prestige.
6. Due to my increasingly hectic schedule, I’m rarely given the opportunity to exercise.
7. This city offers recreation facilities, theme parks and art programs for people of all ages.
8. With the hectic pace of life, it can be hard to find time and tranquility of mind.
9. The subway is terribly crowded during the rush hour and people are packed like sardines.
10. Many cities are clogged by traffic jams and it is no surprise that road rage is becoming a real
problem.
11. After the failure of electricity supplies the city was in chaos.
12. The congestion scheme is regarded as a tremendous way to reduce traffic in bustling centers
and metropolitan areas.
13. Sleeplessness is often seen as a modern problem, caused by sedentary lifestyles and being
glued to smartphones late at night.
14. Although high-rise buildings are very common in urban cities, people rarely rent such
buildings.
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15. In spite of rapid urbanization, the rustic charm of the countryside is incomparable to modern
cities.
16. Neither people nor police enter the areas called no-go zones due to the high rate of crime.
17. Child labor has become prevalent in poor residential areas with poor sanitation and
hygiene.
18. There's always a big dilemma about where life is better.
19. I got stuck in a traffic jam for half an hour.
20. Carpooling is a good way to lessen traffic congestion.
21. Several shops, offices and hotels currently situated in residential areas of the city must
relocate to commercial zones of the city.
22. Although the world has progressed in the area of water and sanitation, a lot of people still live
without access to sanitation facilities.
23. A lack of adequate drinking water and sanitation facilities coupled with poor hygiene impact
negatively on children’s health.
24. The cost of private treatment is prohibitive in big cities.
25. London has always been a cosmopolitan city and a magnet for tourists.
26. The company will relocate, but the place has not been chosen yet.
27. Poverty in the inner-city areas can breed crime. Drug use is also a big problem.
28. Cities around the world have seen a huge population explosion.
29. The pressure of modern city life can be difficult to deal with.
30. A lot of people appreciate the anonymity of living in a large city.
31. In Singapour, private cars are banned from the central business district at peak periods.
32. Urban sprawl is prevalent in most cities and everywhere you go there are pedestrian precincts
and blocks of flats.
33. There has been a huge reduction in the amount of arable land over the last 20 years.
34. Pesticides and chemical fertilizers that farmers use nowadays aren’t good for the environment.
35. Rural districts usually experience depopulation and economic decline.

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Town & Country

I used to live in Singapore, a metropolice of almost three million people. Like London, Paris and New York,
Singapore is a cosmopolitan city, with people from different parts of the world living and working
together. I enjoyed the urban lifestyle I led there, and made the most of the superb amenities, ranging
from the excellent shops to some of the best restaurants in the world. In the evenings and at weekends,
there were always cultural events with diverse attractions such as classical western music and an
exhibition of Malay art or a Chinese opera in the Street, so it was difficult to get bored. Perhaps most
impressive, however, was the remarkable transport infrastructure, with excellent roads, a swift and
efficient bus service and a state-of-the-art underground system which could help commuters go from the
suburbs to the heart of the city (this was particularly important, as the government banned private cars
from entering the Central Business District during the morning and afternoon rush hour/peak periods in
order to reduce congestion on the roads and pollution from the exhausts).
Of course, living in a city like this has its disadvantages as well. For a start, the cost of living can be very
high. Renting an apartment, for example, is very expensive. As the city is expanding, there are a lot of
building sites where new apartments are continually being built to deal with the population explosion
which is a direct result of the government encouraging people to have more children.
Fortunately, Singapore doesn’t suffer from problems that are common in many cities such as drug
abuse, which is partly the result of the government imposing very severe penalties on anyone bringing
narcotics into the country, so it is safe to walk the streets at night.
Singapore, however, wouldn’t be ideal for everyone, especially if you come from the countryside and
are used to a rural lifestyle. The traditional villages that were once common have disappeared as the
residents there realized there were no prospects for their future. Nowadays, there is very little
productive land around the city, which means that Singapore imports almost all of its food and despite a
‘green’ approach to city planning, the urban sprawl which has eaten into the countryside has had a
detrimental effect on the environment.

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Side Vocabulary:
it is a matter of personal taste ‫این یک موضوع شخصیه‬
more or less ‫کم و بیش‬
no one has a clue about …. ‫ ایده ای نداره‬... ‫کیس در مورد‬
people of all ages ‫سنت‬‫مردم از همه ر ن‬
tranquility of mind ‫آرامش فکری‬
a tremendous way ‫یک راه عایل‬
caused by... ‫ایجاد شده توسط‬
In spite of ‫عل رغم‬
prevalent ‫شایع‬
dilemma ‫دورایه‬
coupled with ‫همراه با‬
breed ‫ پرورش دادن‬،‫تولید کردن‬
‫ین‬
to deal with... ‫داشت با‬ ‫شو کار‬
ban ‫ممنوع کردن‬
a huge reduction in .... ‫کاهش زیاد در‬
‫ی‬
lead a simple lifestyle ‫سبک زندگ ساده پیش بردن‬
ranging from … to … .... ‫ گرفته تا‬.... ‫از‬
efficient ‫کارآمد‬
state-of-the-art ‫پیرسفت ها‬ ‫مطابق با آخرین ر‬
in order to ‫به این منظور که‬
impose very severe penalties on .... ‫اعمال کردن مجازات شدید برای‬
ideal ‫ایده آل‬
which means that ‫معب که‬ ‫که به این ن‬
despite ‫عل رغم‬
a green approach )‫سی( به نفع محیط زیست‬ ‫یک رویکرد ن‬
eat into... ‫ رو خراب کردن‬... ‫به تدری ج‬
have a detrimental effect on … ‫داشت‬ ‫ین‬ ‫ اثر مخرب‬... ‫روی‬

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IELTS Speaking Practice Test: City life vs countryside
Section 1
1. Would you like to live in the countryside in the future?
2. What are the people like in your hometown?
3. In what ways can your hometown improve?
4. How can traffic be reduced in a city?
5. Do you think that visits to the countryside should be something that schools offer to their
children?
6. Do you get many tourists visiting your area?
7. Do you like being in crowded places?
8. What is the easiest way to get around your town/city?
9. Which cities would you like to visit around the world?
10. What part of this city do you like the best?
Section 2
Describe an enjoyable day out in the countryside that you had.

You should say
- where you went on this day out
- who you were with
- what you did
- and explain why you enjoyed the day
Section 3
11. What are the disadvantages of living in the countryside?
12. What are the advantages of living in the countryside?
13. What kinds of people live in the countryside?
14. Do you think it is better to live in the countryside or in the city?
15. Do youngsters prefer living in rural areas? Why or why not?
16. What is the easiest way to get around your town/city?
17. Are there any problems with the public transport system in your town/city?
18. Would you prefer to live in a really old historical city, or a really new modern city?
19. Have areas of countryside in your country changed since you were a child?
20. What do people living in the countryside like to do?

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Related topics:
1. Describe a time when you were stuck in a traffic jam.
You should say:
When and where it happened?
How long you were in the traffic jam?
What you did while waiting?
And explain how you felt when you were in that traffic jam.
2. Describe something that saves your time.
You should say:
What it is?
When you usually do it?
Why do you do it?
And explain why you think it saves your time.
3. Describe a city that you think is very interesting.
You should say:
Where it is?
What it is famous for?
How you knew this city?
And explain why you think it is very interesting?

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Lesson 5
Technology and Globalization
A technophobe/ a technophile ‫ دوستدار تکنولوژی‬/ ‫فرد هراسان از‬
Computer age ‫عرص کامپیوتری‬
Cyberspace ‫فضای مجازی‬
Obsolete, Ubiquitous )‫اگی‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ف‬ ( ‫همه‬ ‫در‬ ‫موجود‬ ،‫متداول‬ ‫غی‬ ‫منسوخ و ر‬
A powerful medium of communication ‫یک رسانه قوی برای ارتباط‬
Push back the frontiers ‫چیی کشف کردن‬ ‫چی های جدید در مورد ر ن‬ ‫رن‬
Cutting-edge/state-of-the-art technology, ‫ر‬
‫ تکنولوژی مطابق با آخرین پیرسفت های‬،‫سیستم‬،‫تجهیات‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ر‬
system, equipment ‫پیرسفته‬ ‫ ر‬،‫علیم‬
Labour-saving gadgets/appliances/devices ‫ دستگاهها ی کمزحمت (ضفه جون در ر ن‬،‫ لوازم‬،‫ابزار‬
)‫میان کار‬ ‫ی‬
High-tech industry, system, strategy … ‫ ی‬،‫ سیستم‬،‫صنعت‬
‫اسیاتژی با تکنولوژی باال‬
Distance learning ‫آموزش از راه دور‬
Genetic engineering ‫مهندش ژنتیک‬
‫ی‬
Life expectancy ‫امید به زندگ‬
Be in contact, keep in touch ‫در ارتباط بودن‬
Be a techie/ be a computer buff ‫ عالقهمند به کامپیوتر‬،‫عالقهمند به تکنولوژی‬
Surf the net, browse websites ‫گشت‬‫ سایتها را ی ن‬،‫اینینت‬ ‫جستوجو کردن در ی‬
Make breakthrough in… ‫دست پیدا کردن‬.... ‫چشمگی در‬‫ر‬ ‫پیرسفت‬‫به ر‬
Advance in… ... ‫پیرسفت در‬ ‫ر‬
Innovation in … ... ‫نوآوری در‬
Cyber addiction )‫اعتیاد ساییی( اعتیاد به فضای مجازی‬
Cyberbullying ‫سوء استفاده ساییی‬
Social isolation ‫انزوای اجتمایع‬
‫ی‬
‫خستگ ر‬
Technology fatigue ‫ناش از تکنولوژی‬
Rubbishy commercials and spectacles of sadism
‫تبلیغات نارزش و تصاویر نرحیم و خشونت‬
and violence
Fierce competition )‫رقابت شدید( خشمگینانه‬
Grammar required:
• Impersonal passive
• Modifying Adverbial Phrases (p 393-394-495)
Wer

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‫فب بلکه اجتمایع ر ن‬
‫نی مشود‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .1‬این ی‬
‫اسیاتژی با تکنولوژی باال شامل نهتنها نوآوری ن‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪……………………....……………………....………………………....‬‬
‫‪ .2‬اگرچه که من خود را عالقهمند به تکنولوژی نمیدانم‪ ،‬از استفاده کردن از گجتهان( ابزاری) مانند ر‬
‫گوش های هوشمند و‬ ‫ی‬
‫لپتاپ لذت مبرم‪.‬‬
‫………………………………………………………………………………………‪…………………………..….....…………………..………………………....‬‬
‫‪ .3‬تکنولوژیستها و دانشمندان درحال کشف ر ن‬
‫چیهای جدید هستند‪.‬‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪…………………………....…………………....……………………....‬‬
‫‪ .4‬تکنولوژی یک تیغ دولبه است‪.‬‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪…………………………....…………………....………………………...‬‬
‫‪ .5‬آن فیلم با تصاویر(گرافیکهای) کامپیوتری مطابق با آخرین تکنولوژی روز ساخته شد‪.‬‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪……………………....……………………....………………………....‬‬
‫گی و درارتباط با آموزش از راه دور است‪.‬‬ ‫ی‬

‫‪ .6‬تکنولوژی بهصورت ذان در ر‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪…………………………....………………....………………………....‬‬
‫‪ .7‬استفاده بیش از حد از کامپیوتر و فضای مجازی منجر به اختالل ن‬
‫ذهب بهنام اعتیاد ساییی مشود‪.‬‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪……………………....……………………....………………………....‬‬
‫تعمی و بهشدت کمهزینه هستند‪.‬‬ ‫تجهیات کمزحمت (ضفه جون در ر ن‬

‫میان کار)‪ ،‬آسان برای کار و ر‬ ‫رن‬ ‫‪ .8‬درعمل ثابت شد که‬
‫ی‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪…………………………....……………………..……………………....‬‬
‫ی‬
‫جاروبرق و خشککن هستیم که زمان مارا‬ ‫شون‪،‬‬ ‫رن‬ ‫‪ .9‬امروز ما هم ر ن‬
‫ماشت لباس ی‬ ‫چنت وابسته به وسایل مدرن و کمهزینه مانند‬
‫ذخیه مکنند‪.‬‬
‫ر‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪…………………………....………………....………………………....‬‬
‫ی‬
‫زندگ ما را بهدست خواهند گرفت بهویژه ی‬ ‫‪ .10‬باور بر این است که کامپیوترها ی‬
‫وقب بحث از اعتیاد ساییی مشود‪.‬‬ ‫کنیل‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪…………………………....………………....………………………....‬‬
‫ی‬
‫زندگ مکنیم و نادیده ی ن‬
‫گرفت تکنولوژی ر‬
‫غیممکن است‪.‬‬
‫پیرسفته ر‬ ‫‪ .11‬ما در عرص کامپیوتری‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪………………………....…………………....………………………....‬‬
‫ن‬
‫جهانسازی فرصت ها را چند برابر کردهاست‪ ،‬آن رقابت شدیدی ( خشمگینانهای) را برای بازار و شمایهگذاری‬ ‫‪ .12‬اگرچه که‬
‫افزایش داده است‪.‬‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪…………………………....………………....………………………....‬‬
‫برچ نیمتوانند‪.‬‬ ‫بعیص آدمها متوانند تمایل به بازیهای ویدیون را ی‬

‫کنیل کنند‪ ،‬درحالیکه ن‬ ‫‪ .13‬ن‬
‫ی‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪…………………………....…………………...………………………....‬‬
‫فقیتر کرده است‪.‬‬ ‫ن‬

‫فقیهارا ر‬
‫‪ .14‬شکایت عموم درباره جهانسازی این است که آن پولدارهارا پولدار تر و ر‬
‫‪Telegram: 09366451724‬‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪…………………………....………………....………………………....‬‬
‫ی‬ ‫ی‬
‫سالمب که متواند خیل شدید باشد و منجر به افرسدگ‪ ،‬اضطراب‪ ،‬ناامیدی‪ ،‬و‬ ‫‪ .15‬انزوای اجتمایع‪ ،‬یک وضعیت مربوط به‬
‫گیی بشود اگر استفاده از تکنولوژی محدود بشود‪.‬‬ ‫خیل ر ن‬
‫چیهای دیگر بشود‪ ،‬متواند پیش ر‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪…………………………....………………....………………………....‬‬
‫ر‬
‫نماییس محاضه هستیم‪،‬بلکه بهطور مداوم با اطالعیههای تکنولوژی بمباران مشویم‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .16‬ما نهتنها هرروز با صفحات‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪…………………………....………………....………………………....‬‬
‫تاثی ن‬
‫منق تکنولوژی موجود در همه جا محافظت کنیم‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .17‬ما باید از سالمتیمان دربرابر ر‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪…………………………....………………....………………………....‬‬
‫‪ .18‬بهلطف تکنولوژی من توانستهام با دوستانم در ارتباط باشم ضف نظر از اینکه چقدر دور یا مشغول هستیم‪.‬‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪....………………………....………………....………………………....‬‬
‫ی‬
‫متفاون برای افراد هستند که بهصورت دیجیتایل ارتباط برقرار کنند‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .19‬شبکه های اجتمایع در حال فراهم کردن راه‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪…………………………....………………....………………………....‬‬
‫غیممکن است‪.‬‬
‫باالن نیست تقریبا ر‬
‫‪ .20‬تکنولوژی گران است و رسیدن به آخرین روندها برای کیس که از طبقه اجتمایع ی‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪…………………………....………………....………………………....‬‬
‫‪ .21‬مهم نیست که بچه ها تبلیغات نارزش یا تصاویر نرحیم و خشونت را نگاه خواهند کرد تا ن‬
‫زمان که(مادام که) ساکت‬
‫باشند‪.‬‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪…………………………....………………....………………………....‬‬
‫جلوگیی مکند و ما را از دنیای‬

‫ر‬ ‫‪ .22‬تلوزیون ممکن است یک رسانه قوی برای ارتباط باشد اما از ارتباط برقرار کردن ما با یکدیگر‬
‫واقیع جدا مکند‪.‬‬
‫……………………………………………………‪…………………....……………………....………………………....………………………………………...‬‬
‫گوشهای هوشمند مقرون به ضفه‪ ،‬هرکیس از افراد مسن گرفته تا بچهها متواند در ی‬
‫اینینت‬ ‫اگی شدن کامپیوترها و ر‬
‫‪ .23‬با فر ر‬
‫جستوجو کند‪.‬‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪……………………....……………………....………………………....‬‬
‫غیمتداول(منسوخ) خواهند کرد‪.‬‬ ‫ی‬

‫دسب کتابها را ر‬ ‫‪ .24‬کامپیوترهای‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪……………………....……………………....………………………....‬‬
‫پیرسفته از قبیل استفاده از کامپیوترها و و ی‬
‫اینینت استاندارد های آموزش را در مدارس بهبود داده است‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .25‬تکنولوژی ر‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪…………………………....………………....………………………....‬‬
‫قرسی اعم از بچهها‪ ،‬نوجوانان و بزرگساالن که ی‬
‫وقب بهصورت آنالین مورد‬ ‫‪ .26‬سوء استفاده ساییی روی مردم از هر سن و ر‬
‫ی‬
‫تاثی مگذارد‪.‬‬
‫گیند بهشدت احساس درهمشکستگ مکنند ر‬ ‫سوء استفاده قرار م ر‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪..............…………………....……………………………………....‬‬
‫‪ .27‬هیجان تماشای یک ر ن‬
‫چی روی صفحه نمایش بزرگ حسن دیدن فیلم در سینما است‪.‬‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪…………………………....…………………...………………………....‬‬
‫‪ .28‬بهنظر مآید که انعطاف و ر ی‬
‫احب در حال تبدیل شدن به کلمات شعارگونه عرص و روزگار ما هستند‪.‬‬
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‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪…………………………....………………....………………………....‬‬
‫تاثی پایداری روی کتابخانهها داشته است‪.‬‬

‫‪ .29‬شگ نیست که تکنولوژی ر‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪……………………...……………………....………………………....‬‬
‫‪ .30‬او یک فرد هراسان از ‪ /‬دوستدار تکنولوژی است‪ ،‬که به این ن‬
‫معب که از تکنواوژی جدید اجتناب م کند ‪/‬دوست‬
‫دارد‪.‬‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪……………………...……………………....………………………....‬‬
‫ی‬ ‫‪ .31‬دانشمندان به ر‬
‫پیرسفت بزرگ در درمان شطان دست پیدا کرده اند‪.‬‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪……………………...……………………....………………………....‬‬
‫ی‬ ‫‪ .32‬پزشکان معتقدند که این یافته ها نشان دهنده ر‬
‫پیرسفت بزرگ در درمان کردن بیماری قلب را نشان م دهند‪.‬‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪……………………...……………………....………………………....‬‬
‫ً‬
‫تغیی دادن ساختار ژنتیگ یک حیوان‪ ،‬گیاه یا انسان معموال برای قویتر کردن یا سالمتر‬
‫‪ .33‬مهندش ژنتیک علم ر‬
‫کردن آنها است‪.‬‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪……………………...……………………....………………………....‬‬
‫اخی در آموزش زبان انگلییس‬

‫‪ .34‬نوآوری های ر‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪……………………...……………………....………………………....‬‬
‫ی‬
‫ندگ ی‬
‫کمی از ‪ 12‬سال دارند‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .35‬مردان شصت ساله ای که هنوز سیگار م کشند‪ ،‬امید به ز‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪……………………...……………………....………………………....‬‬

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Lesson 5- Answer
g PracTest: Job and working life
1. This high-tech strategy includes not only technological but also social innovation.
2. Although I don’t consider myself a techie, I quite enjoy using all the new gadgets like
smartphones and laptops.
3. Technologists and scientists are pushing back the frontiers.
4. Technology is a double-edged sword.
5. The movie was made with state-of-the-art computer graphics.
6. Technology is inherently involved in distance learning.
7. Excessive computer use and cyberspace could lead to a mental disorder named cyber
addiction.
8. Through the practice, the equipment was proved to be labor-saving, easy to operate and
repair, and greatly cost reducing.
9. Today, we also depend on modern, labor-saving devices like the washing machine, vacuum
cleaner and dryer to save us time.
10. It is believed that computers would take over our lives, especially when it comes to cyber
addiction.
11. We are living in the computer age and it’s impossible to ignore cutting-edge technology.
12. Although globalization has multiplied opportunities, it has increased fierce competition for
markets and investments.
13. Some people can control the urge to play video games , while some cannot.
14. The general complaint about globalization is that it has made the rich richer while making the
poor poorer.
15. Social isolation, a health condition that can become very severe and lead up to depression,
anxiety, despair, and many other things, can be avoided if technology is limited to use.
16. We are not only surrounded by screens every day but also constantly bombarded with new tech
announcements.
17. We should protect our health from the negative impact of the ubiquitous technology in our
society.
18. Thanks to technology, I’ve been able to keep in touch with my friends around no matter how
far away or busy we are.
19. Social networks are providing a different way for individuals to communicate digitally.
20. Technology is expensive and keeping up with the latest trends is almost impossible for someone
who isn't in the upper class.
21. It does’nt matter that children will watch rubbishy commercials or spectacles of sadism
and violence as long as they are quiet.
22. Television may be a powerful medium of communication but it prevents us from
communicating with each other and cuts us off from the real world.
23. With the ubiquity of affordable smartphones and computers, everyone from seniors to
children is able to surf the net these days.

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24. Handheld computers will make books obsolete.

25. Advanced technology such as the use of computers and the internet has improved the
standards of education in schools.
26. Cyberbullying affects people from all walks of life, including children, teens and adults who all
feel totally overwhelmed when being bullied online.
27. The thrill of watching something on the big-screen is the advantage of watching a film at
cinema.
28. It seems that flexibility and convenience are becoming the buzz words of our day and age.
29. There is no doubt that technology has had a lasting impact on libraries.
30. She is a technophobe/ a technophile, which means that she avoids/ likes new
technology.
31. Scientists have made a major breakthrough in the treatment of cancer.
32. Doctors believe that the findings represent a major advance in treating heart disease.
33. Genetic engineering is the science of changing the genetic structure of an animal, plant,
or human, usually to make them stronger or healthier
34. Recent innovations in English teaching
35. Sixty-year-old men who still smoke have a life expectancy of less than 12 years.
Technology has come a long way in the last 50 years, and our lives have become
better as a result. Or have they?
The last 50 years have seen more changes than in the previous 200. There have been many remarkable
advances in medicine and medical technology that have helped to increase our average life expectancy
way beyond that of our ancestors. Incredible innovations such as satellite television have changed the
way we spend our leisure hours. Perhaps the most important breakthrough, however, has been the
microchip. Nobody could have imagined, when it was first invented, that within a matter of years, this tiny
piece of silicon and circuitry would be found in almost every household object from the kettle to the video
recorder. And nobody could have predicted the sudden proliferation of computers that would completely
change our lives, allowing us to access information from the other side of the world via the Internet or
send messages around the world by email at the touch of a button. Meanwhile, research into other
aspects of information technology is making it easier and cheaper for us to talk to friends and relations
around the world. Good news for technophiles who love modern technology, bad news for the
technophobes who would prefer to hide from these modern miracles.
But everything has a price. The development of cybernetics led to mass automation in factories, which in
turn led to millions losing their jobs. The relatively new science of genetic engineering has been seen as a
major step forward, but selling modified foods before scientists had properly analyzed them was perhaps
one of the most irresponsible decisions of the 1990s. Meanwhile, pharmaceutical companies continue to
experiment on animals, a move that many consider to be cruel and unnecessary. Of course we all rely on
modern science and technology to improve our lives. However, we need to make sure that we can control
it before it controls us.

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Side Vocabulary:
I don’t consider myself … ‫نمیگیم‬ ‫ر‬ ‫درنظر‬... ‫من خودم رو‬
...
lead to ‫منجر شدن به‬
Through the practice ‫در عمل‬
It is believed that ... ... ‫باور بر این است که‬
multiply ‫چندبرابر کردن‬
complaint ‫شکایت‬
be bombarded with… ‫چیی بمبارون شدن‬ ‫با ر ن‬
no matter how… ‫مهم نیست که چطور‬
latest trends ‫اخی‬
‫ترند های ر‬
as long as ‫مادام که‬
prevent somebody from … ‫گرفت‬ ‫جلوی کیس رو از انجام کاری ی ن‬
people from all walks of life ‫مردم از همه اقشار‬
thrill ‫هیجان‬
There is no doubt that ‫شگ نیست که‬
come a long way ‫پیرسفت کردن‬ ‫ر‬
as a result ‫درنتیجه‬
beyond ‫فراتر از‬
proliferation ‫گسیش‬ ‫ی‬
via ‫از طریق‬
at the touch of a button‫با لمس یک دکمه‬
threat ‫تهدید‬
relatively new ‫نسبتا جدید‬
irresponsible decisions ‫تصمیمات غ ری مسئوالنه‬
cruel ‫ظالمانه‬
rely on ‫ وابسته بودن به‬،‫تکیه کردن به‬

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IELTS Speaking Practice Test: Technology and Globalization
Section 1
1. Do you use any gadgets on a daily basis?
2. Has the internet made your job/studies easier?
3. Have you ever bought anything online?
4. How much time do you spend using a computer at work or at home?
5. Have you ever taken a course to improve your computer skills?
6. How has globalization affected your country?
7. Do you think people rely too much on technology today?
8. What are some great inventions you know about?
9. What is the most important piece of technology in our lives?
10. What are the disadvantages of technology?
Section 2
Describe a piece of technology you own.

You should say:
What it is
What you use it for
How long you have owned it
And explain why it is important to you.
Section 3
11. What kind of technological developments have made the biggest impact on our lives?
12. Do you agree that some people use technology for communication too much?
13. Would you agree that the rapid development of digital technology has had a positive impact on
the world of work?
14. How effective is the use of computers in the classroom?
15. Do you think that the rate of technological expansion will slow down in the years to come?
16. What do you think are the important things people need to learn when they start using
computers?
17. Do you think men and women view technological devices differently?
18. What is globalization?
19. What factors help make some countries more globalized than others?
20. What are the advantages and disadvantages of global connectivity?

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Related topics:
1. Describe an invention that has changed how people live.
You should say:
What it is?
How has it changed people’s lives?
What benefits did it bring?
And explain if it is more important for older or younger people.
2. Describe a gift you would like to buy for your friend.

You should say:
What gift you would like to buy?
Who you would like to give it to?
Why you would like to buy a gift for him/her?
And explain why you choose that gift?
3. Describe a robot you really like.

You should say:
What type of robot it is?
When and Where you see it?
What the robot can do?
Why you liked it?

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Lesson 6
Personality Traits
lead by example ‫با رفتار دیگران را هدایت کردن‬
Look up to somebody ‫دنبالهرو کیس بودن‬
bear a striking resemblance to someone ‫ین‬
‫داشت‬ ‫شباهت زیاد به کیس‬
Be in awe of someone )‫احیام برای کیس قائل بودن ( مبهوت بودن‬ ‫ی‬
Be industrious and hardworking ‫سایع و باپشتکار بودن‬
Be an introvert, an extrovert, an ambivert ‫ معتدل بودن‬،‫ برونگرا‬،‫درونگرا‬
Be benevolent and charitable ‫خیخواه وسخاوتمند‬ ‫ر‬
have a keen sense of humor ‫ی‬
‫داشتن‬ ‫حس شوخطبیع شدید‬
good company ‫همراه خوب‬
Be a real go-getter ‫شخص فعال و زرنگ‬
have a strong sense of responsibility ‫ین‬
‫داشت‬ ‫حس مسئولیت پذیری قوی‬
Be amiable ‫شیین و دوستانه‬ ‫ر‬
have boundless energy ‫ین‬
‫داشت‬ ‫انرژی ن حد و حرصی‬
have a bubbly personality ‫ین‬
‫داشت‬ ‫شخصیت شزنده‬
Outgoing ‫برونگرا‬
Have forthright manner ‫رک بودن‬
Painfully shy ‫ی‬
‫خجالب‬ ‫به شدت‬
Have a stubborn streak ‫ی‬
‫داشتن‬ ‫هان از لجبازی‬ ‫رگه ی‬
Be egotistical and arrogant ‫خودپسند و مغرور بودن‬
Be bad-tempered, downright rude ‫ بهشدت پررو بودن‬،‫بد اخالق‬
Lose your temper ‫از کوره در ی ن‬
‫رفت‬
Keep your temper ‫کنیل کردن خشم‬ ‫ی‬
Be two-faced ‫دورو بودن‬
Gossip about… ‫بدگون کردن‬‫ی‬ ،‫شایعه کردن‬
Social network, Casual acquaintance ‫ آشنای گذری‬،‫دایره روابط اجتمایع‬
Firm friend, fair-weather friend ‫ر‬
)‫خوش‬ ‫ دوست نیمهراه (دوست دوران‬،‫دوست خوب‬
Be on good, bad, friendly terms with someone ‫ین‬
‫داشت با کیس‬ ‫ دوستانه‬،‫ بد‬،‫رابطه خوب‬
Boost sb's confidence ‫اعتماد به نفس کیس رو زیاد کردن‬
Supremely confident ‫ن‬
‫مطمت‬ ‫فوق العاده‬
Brutally honest ‫به شدت صادقانه‬
Fiercely loyal ‫به شدت وفادار‬
Grammar required:
• If conditional( p427)
• Showing contrast ( in spite of…)(p416)
• Showing direct contrast (while) (p381)

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‫‪ .1‬اگرچه که او درواقع نسبتا ساکت است و زیاد حرف نیم زند‪ ،‬فقط با رفتارش دیگران را هدایت مکند‪.‬‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪…………………….....……………………....………………………....‬‬
‫‪ .2‬او همیشه الگوی من بوده است و کیس که من دنبالش کرده ام‪.‬‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪…………………......……………………....………………………....‬‬
‫‪ .3‬دفعات زیادی از من پرسیده شده است که آیا درونگرا هستم یا برون گرا‪.‬‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪…………………......……………………....………………………....‬‬
‫گیم‪ .‬من معتدل و میانه رو هستم‪) .‬نه برونگرا و نه درونگرا (من شنونده و‬
‫‪ .4‬من خود را نه درونگرا و نه برونگرا در نظر م ر‬
‫ارتباطبرقرارکننده خون هستم‪.‬‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪………………......……………………....………………………....‬‬
‫ی‬ ‫ی‬
‫بیشی دوستان من کیم‬ ‫خجالب هستند ویل‬ ‫‪ .5‬من اینطور بهنظر مآیم که جذب درونگرا ها مشوم‪ .‬نه آدم ی‬
‫هان که بهشدت‬
‫کمحرف هستند‪.‬‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪…………………......……………………....………………………....‬‬
‫ن‬
‫خودمان بودنم تعریف شدهاست‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .6‬همیشه از من برای انرژی زیاد و‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪……………………....……………………....………………………....‬‬
‫‪ .7‬آن ها برای نه با پشتکار بودن نه باهوش بودن شهرت دارند‪ ( .‬آن ها به عدم پشت کار و عدم باهوش بودن شهرت دارند‪).‬‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪…………………......……………………....………………………....‬‬
‫‪ .8‬درحالیکه پدربزرگ باهوشترین عضو خانواده درنظر گرفته مشود‪ ،‬او رگه های زیادی ازلجبازی دارد‪.‬‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪……………………......…………………....………………………....‬‬
‫‪ .9‬طبیعت بخشنده و نوعدوستانه او را برای همه افراد منطقه محبوب کرد‪.‬‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪……………………......………………....………………………....‬‬
‫‪ .10‬او بسیار بداخالق بهنظر م رسد ویل از درون بسیار دلرحم و مهربان است‪.‬‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪……………………....……………………....………………………....‬‬
‫‪ .11‬باوجود ظاهر آرام و محافظهکارانه سارا ‪ ،‬او حس شوخطبیع زیادی دارد‪.‬‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪……………………......…………………....………………………....‬‬
‫‪ .12‬در همه باال و ر ن‬

‫پایتهای زندگیش او هرگز حس شوخطبیع خود را از دست نداد‪.‬‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪……………………......…………………....………………………....‬‬
‫‪Telegram: 09366451724‬‬
‫هان مخواهیم که فعال و زرنگ باشند نه بچههای ترسو که نیاز دارند به آنها گفته شود که چکار کنند‪.‬‬ ‫ی‬
‫‪ .13‬ما انین ی‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪……………………....……………………....………………………....‬‬
‫گون و تدریس ماهرانهاش شناخته مشود‪.‬‬

‫‪ .14‬او برای بذله ی‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪……………………......……………………...………………………....‬‬
‫ن‬
‫داشتب و خوشقلب بود و بهشدت توسط همسایههایش دوست داشته مشد‪.‬‬‫‪ .15‬او دوست‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪……………………......……………………...………………………....‬‬
‫‪ .16‬اگرچه که او انتخاب کرده که مادر خانه ر ن‬

‫نشت باشد‪ ،‬آنا تحصیل کرده است‪.‬‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪……………………......…………………....………………………....‬‬
‫مثبب‬ ‫ر‬
‫معاشت کردن متواند بهصورت ی‬ ‫‪ .17‬چه دایره آشنایان شما از دوستان خوب چه از آشنایان معمویل تشکیل شده باشد‪،‬‬
‫ی‬
‫تاثی بگذارد‪.‬‬
‫روی امید به زندگ شما ر‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪……………………....……………………....………………………....‬‬
‫ن‬
‫کسان که زندگیشان را وقف ر ن‬
‫چیی مثل ارتش مکنند قائل بودهام‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .18‬من همیشه ی‬
‫احیام زیادی برای‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪……………………......…………………....………………………....‬‬
‫رن‬
‫تحست م کرد‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .19‬درحالیکه دیانا ی‬
‫احیام زیادی برای پدربزرگش قایل بود‪ ،‬مادربزرگش را‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪……………………......…………………....………………………....‬‬
‫‪ .20‬من همیشه با همسایههایم رابطه خون داشتهام‪.‬‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪……………………......……………………...………………………....‬‬
‫هان با حس شوخطبیع همیشه با مردم رابطه خون دارند‪.‬‬

‫‪ .21‬آدم ی‬
‫………………………………………………………………………………………‪……………………......……………………....………………………....‬‬
‫پرون اشتباه گرفته شود‪.‬‬

‫‪ .22‬رفتار رک او متواند با ی‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪……………………....……………………....………………………....‬‬
‫هان که او به آنها اعتماد کرده بود در نهایت رفقای نیمه راه از آب درامدند‪.‬‬
‫‪ .23‬آدم ی‬
‫………………………………………………………………………………………‪……………………......……………………....………………………........‬‬
‫‪ .24‬منتقدین شهردار را یک گردنکلفت مغرور توصیف مکنند که از اینکه مورد مخالفت واقع بشود متنفر است‪.‬‬
‫………………………………………………………………………………………‪…………......…………....……………………....………………………....‬‬
‫‪ .25‬او مغرورترین و خودپسندترین فردی است که تاکنون دیده ام‪.‬‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪……………………....……………………....………………………....‬‬

‫‪Telegram: 09366451724‬‬
‫بدگون خواهند کرد‪.‬‬ ‫کب( بدگون ن‬
‫کب)‪ ،‬آنها هم در مورد تو‬ ‫‪ .26‬اگر تو در مورد دیگران ن‬
‫زمان که پیش تو نیستند شایعه ن‬
‫ی‬ ‫ی‬
‫…………………………………………………………………………………………‪……………………......……………………....………………………....‬‬
‫شیین و جذاب است و بعد پیش رئیس از تو شکایت مکند‪.‬‬

‫‪ .27‬من هرگز کیس را اینقدر دورو ندیدهام‪ .‬او رودررو ر‬
‫………………………………………………………………………………………‪……………………......……………………....………………………....‬‬
‫ی‬ ‫ی‬
‫قدرن که از خانوادهام‬ ‫‪ .28‬من زمانهای بسیار دردنایک را در زندگ تجربه کردهام و مکنم‪ .‬نیمدانم بدون عشق‪ ،‬حمایت و‬
‫گرفتهام چه مکردم‪.‬‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪……………………......……………………....…………………....‬‬
‫ی‬
‫دوسبهایم قائل مشدم‪ (.‬االن اهمیت نیمدهم‪).‬‬ ‫‪ .29‬من اهمیت بسیار زیادی برای‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪……………………......……………………....………………………..‬‬
‫ن‬
‫جوان دارد و شباهت زیادی به مادرش دارد‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .30‬او ظاهر‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪……………………....……………………....………………………....‬‬
‫‪ .31‬این دو مرد از همرایه یکدیگر لذت م برند‪.‬‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪……………………....……………………....………………………....‬‬
‫‪ .32‬من انرژی و اشتیاق ن حد او را دوست دارم‪.‬‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪……………………....……………………....………………………....‬‬
‫‪ .33‬سیع کرد آرام صحبت کند و عصبانیتش را ی‬

‫کنیل کند‪.‬‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪……………………....……………………....………………………....‬‬
‫‪ .34‬یک تصمیم فوری م تواند عواقب وخییم داشته باشد‪.‬‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪……………………....……………………....………………………....‬‬
‫‪ .35‬ما به دنبال فردی با شخصیت برونگرا هستیم‪.‬‬
‫……………………………………………………………………………………………‪……………………....……………………....………………………....‬‬

‫‪Telegram: 09366451724‬‬
Lesson 6- Answer
1. Although in fact she’s fairly quiet and doesn’t say much, she just leads by example.
2. She’s always been my role model and someone I’ve looked up to.
3. I’ve been asked many times whether I’m an introvert or an extrovert.
4. I don’t consider myself neither an extrovert nor an introvert. I’m an ambivert. (neither an
extrovert nor an introvert). I’m a good listener and communicator.
5. I seem to be attracted to introverts … not people who are painfully shy but most of my friends
are a little reserved.
6. I’v always been complimented for my high energy and friendliness.
7. They have the reputation of being neither industrious nor intelligent.
8. While Grandpa is considered the wisest member of the family, he also has a decidedly stubborn
streak.
9. His benevolent and altruistic nature made him very well-known to everyone in the area.
10. He seems bad-tempered but he is very soft-hearted underneath.
11. Despite Sara’s quiet, conservative appearance, she has a keen sense of humor.
12. In all the ups and downs of his life he never lost his sense of humour
13. We want interns who are go-getters, not timid kids who need to be told what to do.
14. He is known for his wit and sophisticated teaching.
15. He was amiable and kind-hearted, and greatly liked by his neighbours.
16. Though she has chosen to be a stay-at-home mother, Annie is well-educated.
17. Whether your social network is made of up firm friends or casual acquaintances ,
socializing could impact positively on your life expectancy.
18. I've always been in awe of people who dedicate their lives to something like the military.
19. While Diana was in awe of her grandfather, she adored her grandmother.
20. I’ve always been on good terms with my neighbors.
21. People with a sense of humor are always on good terms with people.
22. His forthright manner can be mistaken for rudeness.
23. People he had trusted turned out to be only fair-weather friends.
24. Critics described the mayor as an arrogant bully who hates to be contradicted.
25. He’s the most selfish, egotistical individual I have ever met.
26. If you gossip about others when they are not around, they will gossip about you too.
27. I’ve never met anyone so two-faced. She is sweet and charming to your face and then
complains about you to the boss.
28. I have been going through some very painful times. I do not know what I would do without the
love, support and strength I have received from my family.

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29. I used to place a lot of importance on my friendships.
30. She has a youthful appearance and bears a striking resemblance to his mother.
31. The two men enjoy each other’s company.
32. I like her boundless energy and enthusiasm
33. She tried to speak calmly and keep her temper.
34. a snap decision can have dire consequences.
35. We’re looking for someone with an outgoing personality.
Personality
Film star Jerry Bowen Interviewer: You seem to have had such a special relationship with Sara
over many years. What is it about working with her?
Bowen: Sara's wonderful. She just seems to have boundless energy and she's always been able
to boost people's confidence, especially new young actors. She has a wonderful, bubbly
personality and she's got a dazzling smile. She bears a striking resemblance to Ingrid Bergman,
one of the great cinema beauties. She has some wonderful personal qualities that are so rare in
stars nowadays.
:‫کب‬ ‫ن‬
‫میتون ادامه جمله هارو کامل ن‬ ‫ی‬
‫بیشی‬ ‫برای تمرین‬
1. You are good company but you may have a selfish streak. I mean,…
2. You have an outgoing personality and a good sense of humour. This helps ypu …
3. You have a vivid imagination, but you tend to lose your temper too easily. So,…
4. You set standards for yourself and are fiercely loyal to your friends. I mean, …
5. The best aspect of your personality is the way you always put others ﬁrst. I mean , …
6. Although you can be painfully shy in social situations, at work you give the impression
of being supremely confident. This helps you….
7. You have a tendency to make snap decisions. The problem is that …
8. You have a strong sense of responsibility and always keep your word. So, …
9. You find it hard to keep your temper if you think someone is making a fool out of you.
What I mean is that ….
10. You are brutally honest. I mean,…

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IELTS Speaking Practice Test: Personality Traits
Section 1
1. How would you describe yourself?
2. In which ways are you similar to your friends?
3. Are you similar or different to your brother(s)/sister(s)?
4. What is the difference between inner and outer beauty?
5. Is there anything special about your friends?
6. What kinds of people do you get along well with?
7. What kinds of personality traits do you hate?
8. How important is personality when you are choosing a spouse?
9. What personality trait would you like to develop?
10. Which of your personality traits would you like to lose?
Section 2
Describe someone in your family who you really admire.

You should say:
what relation this person is to you
what are your first memories of this person?
how often you see this person
and explain why you really admire this person.
Section 3
11. Which personal qualities do you think we most want to pass on to our children?
12. Which characteristics do you think are the least appealing in a person?
13. Which personality types do you think are less likely to suffer from stress or anxiety?
14. What standards of behaviour should teachers set?
15. The elderly are sometimes considered the wisest members of society. What do you think we can
learn from them?
16. Do you think friendships are important nowadays?
17. Is it important to stay in touch with your friends throughout the years?
18. What kind of personality traits are best for running a business?
19. What kind of personality should a doctor have?
20. Do you think we are born with our personalities, or do we develop them because of what
happens to us?

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Related topics:
1. Describe a popular/well-known person in your country.
You should say:
Who this person is?
What he/she has done?
Why he/she is popular?
And explain how you feel about this person?
2. Describe an interesting neighbour.

You should say:
How long you have known this neighbour?
What sort of person he/she is?
How often you see him/her?
And explain what kind of relationship you have with him/her OR explain why you consider this person to
be an interesting neighbour?
3. Describe a family member whom you would like to work with in the future.
You should say:
Who the person is?
Have you ever worked with the person before?
What kinds of work you would like to do with the person?
And explain how you will feel if you can finally work together.
Good luck

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‫)‪Vocabulary(1‬‬ ‫‪Assignments‬‬
‫‪Day‬‬ ‫‪Assignment‬‬
‫درحت گوش کردن هر نکته جذان برات مرور میشه یادداشت کن‪.‬‬ ‫رن‬ ‫به پادکست شماره ‪ 1‬گوش کن و‬
‫‪Day 1‬‬ ‫ببت و جمالت صفحات ‪ 6-5-4‬رو به انگلییس ترجمه کن و توی همون صفحات‬ ‫فیلم کالس رو یکبار دیگه ر ن‬
‫بنویس‪.‬‬
‫هان که ترجمه کردی پیدا کن‪.‬‬
‫ی‬ ‫جمله‬ ‫توی‬ ‫اداتتو‬
‫ر‬ ‫ای‬ ‫و‬ ‫کن‬ ‫گوش‬ ‫رو‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫شماره‬ ‫پادکست‬ ‫بعد‬
‫مت رو توی ‪ 2‬دقیقه ضبط کن و بفرست‪.‬‬ ‫مت صفحه ‪ 8‬رو یکبار بخون و خالصه ی ن‬ ‫حاال ی ن‬
‫‪Day 2‬‬
‫به سواالت صفحه ‪ 10‬جوا ب بده ( هر سوال بخش اول ‪ 30‬ثانیه‪ ،‬بخش دوم کال ‪ 2‬دقیقه و بخش سوم هر‬
‫سوال ‪ 40‬ثانیه) و صداتو ضبط کن و بفرست‪.‬‬
‫‪Day 3‬‬ ‫به سواالت صفحه ‪ 11‬هر کدوم ‪ 2‬دقیقه جوا بده و صداتو ضبط کن و بفرست‪.‬‬
‫‪Day 4‬‬ ‫ببت و جمالت صفحات‪15-14-13‬رو به انگلییس ترجمه کن و توی همون صفحات‬ ‫فیلم کالس رو یکبار دیگه ر ن‬
‫هان که ترجمه کردی پیدا کن‪.‬‬ ‫بعد پادکست شماره ‪ 4‬رو گوش کن و ایراداتتو توی جمله ی‬
‫‪Day 5‬‬
‫‪Day 7: Feedback + Review‬‬
‫‪Day 8‬‬ ‫ببت و جمالت صفحات‪ 24-23-22‬رو به انگلییس ترجمه کن و توی همون‬ ‫فیلم کالس رو یکبار دیگه ر ن‬
‫صفحات بنویس‪.‬‬
‫ر‬ ‫ای‬ ‫و‬ ‫کن‬ ‫گوش‬ ‫رو‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫شماره‬ ‫بعد پادکست‬
‫ن‬ ‫ی‬
‫مت صفحه ‪ 26‬رو یکبار بخون و خالصه مت رو توی ‪ 2‬دقیقه ضبط کن و بفرست‪.‬‬ ‫حاال ی ن‬
‫‪Day 9‬‬
‫‪Day 11‬‬ ‫ببت و جمالت صفحات‪32-31-30‬رو به انگلییس ترجمه کن و توی همون صفحات‬ ‫فیلم کالس رو یکبار دیگه ر ن‬
‫هان که ترجمه کردی پیدا کن‪.‬‬ ‫بعد پادکست شماره ‪ 8‬رو گوش کن و ایراداتتو توی جمله ی‬
‫‪Day 12‬‬
‫درحت گوش کردن هر نکته جذان برات مرور میشه یادداشت کن‪.‬‬‫رن‬ ‫به پادکست شماره ‪ 9‬گوش کن و‬
‫‪Day 15‬‬ ‫ببت و جمالت صفحات‪ 41-40-39‬رو به انگلییس ترجمه کن و توی همون‬ ‫فیلم کالس رو یکبار دیگه ر ن‬
‫بعد پادکست شماره ‪ 10‬رو گوش کن و ایراداتتو توی جمله ی‬
‫‪Day 16‬‬ ‫مت صفحه ‪ 43‬رو یکبار بخون و خالصه ی ن‬
‫مت رو توی ‪ 2‬دقیقه ضبط کن و بفرست‪.‬‬ ‫حاال ی ن‬
‫‪Telegram: 09366451724‬‬
‫‪Day 18‬‬ ‫ببت و جمالت صفحات ‪50-49-48‬رو به انگلییس ترجمه کن و توی همون‬ ‫فیلم کالس رو یکبار دیگه ر ن‬
‫ر‬ ‫ای‬ ‫و‬ ‫کن‬ ‫گوش‬ ‫رو‬ ‫‪12‬‬ ‫شماره‬ ‫بعد پادکست‬
‫ن‬ ‫ی‬
‫مت صفحه ‪ 52‬رو یکبار بخون و خالصه مت رو توی ‪ 2‬دقیقه ضبط کن و بفرست‪.‬‬ ‫حاال ی ن‬
‫‪Day 19‬‬

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Vocabulary Workshop (1)

By: Negin Amin Sabouri

1) Job and Working Life………………………………………..…………………………………..………….. 3

2) Education and Student Life ………………………………….…………………………………………..… 12

3) Food, Health, and Sport …………………………...……………………….……………………………..... 21

4) City vs. Countryside …………...…………………….……..……………..…….…………………………. 29

5) Technology and Globalization…………………………………………………..……………………….. 38

6) Personality Traits …………………………………………………………..………………………….….… 47

By: Negin Amin Sabouri

By: Negin Amin Sabouri

‫کمی از آقایون بودهاست‪.‬‬ ‫رفت از پله های ی‬

‫میساند بلکه برای جامعه ر ن‬

‫‪ .13‬این کار نهتنها سخت‪ ،‬بلکه یکنواخت ر ن‬

‫‪By: Negin Amin Sabouri‬‬

‫‪ .18‬سارا یک خینگار آزاد است‪.‬‬

‫‪ .20‬او لذت زیادی از آزاد کار کردن م برد‪.‬‬

‫‪ .21‬او کار دائیم را رها کرد تا به صورت آزاد کار کند‪.‬‬

‫‪ .23‬خانوادهاش به کارش ارجحیت دارد‪.‬‬

‫‪ .24‬این یک حرفه خوب با چشماندازهای رو به رشد است‪.‬‬

‫‪ .25‬او به سخت کار کردن عادت دارد‪.‬‬

‫‪By: Negin Amin Sabouri‬‬

‫‪ .27‬هرچقدر سختتر کار ن‬

‫مطمت و با درآمد خوب استعفا داد تا ر ن‬

‫‪ .29‬تو به خاطر آسیب ر‬

‫‪ .33‬او رشایط کاری نامطلون داره‪.‬‬

By: Negin Amin Sabouri

By: Negin Amin Sabouri

By: Negin Amin Sabouri

IELTS Speaking Practice Test: Job and working life

By: Negin Amin Sabouri

2. Describe a time you were busy.

3. Describe a positive change in your life.

By: Negin Amin Sabouri

By: Negin Amin Sabouri

‫‪ .2‬تعداد زیادی مدارس ی‬

‫‪ .7‬من دارای مدرک مهندش عمران از دانشگاه تهران مباشم‪.‬‬

‫‪ .8‬من در رشته حسابداری درس مخوانم‪.‬‬

‫داشت تعامالت اجتمایع ن‬

‫‪By: Negin Amin Sabouri‬‬

‫پیرسفت مکند‪.‬‬ ‫ی‬

‫گی هستند‪.‬‬ ‫بعیص معلمها بسیار مالیم هستند و ن‬

‫‪ .18‬دانشآموزان باید یک دوره متمرکز یک ماهه در عکاش بگذرانند‪.‬‬

‫تعمی تاسیسات در خوابگاه ممنوع است‪.‬‬ ‫ین‬

‫‪ .26‬من به مدرسه برمگردم چون همیشه از اخراج شدن پشیمان بودم‪.‬‬

‫‪ .27‬باوجود نگر نانهام دوره کارآموزی را با موفقیت( نمرات درخشان) گذراندم‪.‬‬

‫‪By: Negin Amin Sabouri‬‬

‫‪ .29‬امتحانات باید منسوخ بشوند چو خیل ی‬

‫‪ .30‬نمره خون نگرفت بنابراین تصمیم گرفت دوباره امتحان بده‪.‬‬

‫‪ .32‬هزینه تحصیالت عالیه در حال افزایش است‪.‬‬

‫‪ .35‬او در کالج تحصیالت تکمیل تدریس م کند‪.‬‬

‫‪By: Negin Amin Sabouri‬‬

30. He didn’t get a good grade, so he decided to resit the exam.

By: Negin Amin Sabouri

By: Negin Amin Sabouri

IELTS Speaking Practice Test: education and student life

Describe a subject you enjoyed studying at school. you should say:

By: Negin Amin Sabouri

You should say:

What is the resolution?