Aquino Marquez Villegas Research Paper 2.0

Aquino, Marquez, Villegas 1
MALUNGGAY LEAVES (Moringa oleifera), SHREDDED COCONUT (Cocos
nucifera) AND GINGER (Zingiber officinale) AS A POWDER FOOD FOR CHICKENS
IN POULTRY FARM
Aquino, Clarence T.
Marquez, Johnson C.
Villegas, Edward Andrei M.
Ms. Laizel Marlee Diroy
Research Adviser
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Region IV-A CALABARZON
Division of Cavite
Bucal National Integrated School
Bucal 2, Maragondon, Cavite
Malunggay Leaves, Shredded Coconut, and Ginger
As a Powder food for Chickens in Poultry farm
Being healthy is one of the most important thing in human life and animals, our focus
is on the condition of animals for example Chickens which we used in our research
study. We thought of a way for that we could help the Chickens growth faster and
healthier. We thought we made a powder food made from Malunggay leaves, Shredded
Coconut, and Ginger. According to Serafico M.E. (2017), Malunggay leaves is the most
widely cultivated species of the genus Moringa, which is the only genus in the family
Moringaceae. Coconut a tree of the palm family Arecaceae, coconuts probably originated
somewhere in Indo- Malaya and are one of the most important crops of the tropics.
Ginger have beneficial effects and nutrients that may help prevent or treat inflammation,
and various types of infection.
Stated by Thiel S.V. (2017), Feeding broilers play a significant role in growth and
performance of chickens. Most of the poultry farmers spend their money to buy
supplement boosters to provide some vitamins on their animals such as chickens. Let’s
focus on chickens; there’s a lot of poultry farmers wants their chicken to gain weight so
that they can sell it expensive. Most of the supplement poultry farmers bought are
expensive and inorganic. Chickens gained weight but they’re not sure if this are healthy.
We can find Malunggay leaves anywhere in the Philippines. Malunggay is very
healthy on human and it is also able to became supplement boosters for chickens.
Malunggay leaves are very cheap and many benefits. According to Caurez C.L. (2012),
Malunggay supplement boosters are organic and you can assure the growth and health of
your chickens. This powder food is good for poultry farmers because they can save
money. They can save money meanwhile they can sell their chickens expensive.
A. Questions or Problem Being Addressed
This study titled “Malunggay leaves, Shredded Coconut, and Ginger as a Powder
food for chickens in Poultry farm” will aim to determine the effectiveness of this powder
food to the growth and development of Chickens.
Specifically, it will seek to answer the following questions:
a. What is the most effective amount of Powder food and Normal feeds that can
help to improve the performance and outgrowth of Chickens in Poultry Farm?
b. How does our powder food improve the Chickens health and performance
more than common artificial food used by local citizens and poultry farmers?
c. Will there be a significant difference on improving Chickens health and growth
with common artificial food used locally (malunggay, shredded coconut, ginger
mix with normal food)?
d. What other benefits can the Chickens get from the (ex. Powdered food mix
with normal food)?
B. Goals/Expected Outcomes/Hypotheses
It was hypothesized that:
a. There is no significant difference between the amount of Powder food and
normal feeds (Ex: 75% Powder food, 25% normal feeds) to the performance and
outgrowth of Chickens in poultry farm.
b. There will be no significant difference on improving Chickens health and
growth with common artificial food used by local farmers.
c. There will be no treatment which will be more beneficial for the Chickens
health and growth base on their measurements/ amount.
d. There will be no other benefits the Chickens can get from (Powdered food mix
with normal food) other than weight of the Chickens.

C. Description in Detail of Research Method
For experimentation, the following variables, materials and samples will be used. This
powder food is pure organic and it has no mix of anything else, also we’re going to use
20 chickens. The place to make our Powder Food will be done in our house and the place
for our Chickens to be used for our Experiment is in Naic, Cavite.
a. Preparation of Materials
In preparing all materials first we have to clean the ingredients or materials that we
need to used and also we need to ensure it is very effective to test on Chickens. The tools
we will use in our study are Blender or Grinder that can Powdered Vegetables, then
Coconut Grater Stool when we don’t find Shredded we will use it, and our Materials we
will used in making our Powder food are Malunggay Leaves, Shredded Coconut and
Ginger. The amount of it when powderized is based on our Experimental Design which
will tell how much amount per treatment (75/25g, 50/50g, 25/75g).
b. Preparation of Powder food
In this procedure the powder food is almost done and need to test it to Chickens, if it’s
healthy. In order for us to achieve this powder food, we need to first dry the variables or
materials that we will use before we blender it, so that it will dry and will be powderized.
c. Test it to Chickens
This time we will observed the effectiveness of powder food to Chickens growth and
healthier.
d. Recording of Data
This is not a procedure it is an analysis on how you show the results after you test the
powder food to Chickens. We will show the results using diagrams or graphs, this way
you can easily understood the undergo growth of our Chickens.
e. Statistical Analysis (T-test)
This way we will show the quantitative data of our results, this way showed the
formula on how we prepared our results, example the percent of chicks from day 1 til
day 20.
X1 = Mean of Sample 1 S2 = Standard Deviation of Sample 2
S1 = Standard Deviation of Sample 1 N2 = Sample size of Sample 2
N1= Sample size of Sample 1
X2 = Mean of Sample 2
f. Other Information
This other information is only the conclusion and recommendations.

D. Experimental Design: Random Block Design
Title: Malunggay Leaves, Shredded Coconut, and Ginger as a Powder food for
Chickens in Poultry Farm
Table 1. Experimental Design Table of the Study
Independent Variable Powder food made from Malunggay
Leaves, Shredded Coconut and Ginger
Independent Variable with their Powdered food made from Malunggay
Measurements Leaves, Shredded Coconut and Ginger
T1: 75g feeds, 25g powdered food
Dependent variable Growth of Chickens
Controlled variable Chicken with Normal Feed

E. Process Flowchart
Preparation/Gather All Materials
Preparation of Powder food made from Malunggay Leaves and Shredded Coconut, Ginger
Test it to Chickens
Recording of Data
Statistical Analysis (T-test)
Conclusion
Recommendations
F. Proposed Table
Table 2. Showing the amount of Powder food and Normal feeds, 20 chickens, 4 trials, 5
chickens each group/treatment
Treatment No. Amount of Chicks Amount/Kind of Feed
Control 5 Chicks Normal Feeds
Treatment No. 1 5 Chicks 75g feeds, 25g powdered
food made from
Malunggay Leaves,
Shredded Coconut, and
Ginger
food made from
Malunggay Leaves,
Ginger
food made from
Malunggay Leaves,
Ginger
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Research Title: Malunggay Leaves, Shredded Coconut, and Ginger as a Powder food for
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Legend of Activities:
A. Making of Research Chapter 1 (Including the Formulation of Research Problem)
B. Making of Review of Related Literature
C. Returned of the Paper and Revision
D. Revision of the whole Paper
E. Submission of Revised Paper
F. Checking of RRL
G. Submission of RRL and Chapter 1
H. Making of Research Chapter 2
I. Research Defense
J. Looking for a Consultant
K. Changing the Research Paper format into Chicago Style
L. Creating a Research Plan
M. Preparation for the Experiment

N. Experimentation
O. Starting to Fill up ISEF Forms
P. Making of Research Chapter 3
Q. Making of Research Chapter 4
R. Making of Research Preliminaries and Appendices
S. Research Final Defense

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The proponents of this research work would like to express their deep and sincere
gratitude to the following: to their Research Adviser, Ms. Laizel Marlee R. Diroy, to
their adviser Mrs. Filipina Diño, to their consultant Ms. Laarni E. Gloriani, RMT, MSc.
MSMT of the UST – Department of Medical Technology, to their parents Ma. Louisa T.
Aquino, Mercelita C. Marquez and Romalyn M. Villegas, also to their friends and
classmates. In conducting our experimentation, a debt of gratitude is also owed to Mr.
Ronnie I. Medina.
To our Research Adviser Ms. Laizel Marlee R. Diroy, for her time and effort given to
us in checking our manuscript, also her advice to further improved our research.
To our Classroom Adviser Mrs. Filipina Diño, for her support in guiding us
throughout this research.
To our Consultant Ms. Laarni E. Gloriani, for her support in revising and guiding us
throughout this research.
To our parents Ma. Louisa T. Aquino, Mercelita C. Marquez and Romalyn M.
Villegas, for their effort in assisting us throughout the experimentation.
To our friends and classmates, for their support throughout this research work.
To Mr. Ronnie I. Medina, for helping us in conducting our experiment and
monitoring the chickens from Initial Weight up to Week 5.

To Almighty God, with His Holy Spirit allowed completion to this research and
supported our minds to work harder to glorify His name.
ABSTRACT
The use of alternative food for the animals is one of the cheapest and easy to acquire
from many resources. Malunggay leaves, coconut, and ginger are rich in carbohydrates,
proteins, fats, and vitamins. These green and leafy vegetables are essential and enjoyable
parts of plants that humans and other animals consume as food. Vegetables contain
crucial nutrients necessary for their health, growth, and development. The study aimed to
determine the effect of malunggay leaves, ginger, and shredded coconut as artificial food
in poultry farms. Dried plant materials were then pulverized and added to poultry feeds
in different ratios 75:25, 50:50, and 25:75. The initial weight of the chickens after
acclimatization without treatment from week 1 to week 5 showed a significant increase.
A combination of different ratios of plants and feed exhibited a double increase in weight
gain of poultries. Various treatments were compared with control, using paired t-test,
there is a significant difference (p-value 0.000) in weight gain. Also, there is a significant
difference between treatment 1 and 2, treatment 2 and 3, and treatment 1 and 3.
Considerable weight gains vary depending on the ratio of dried plant materials added to
the regular feeds of chicken.
Keywords: poultry, feeds, malunggay, ginger, coconut
Table of Contents
Content Pages
Title Page
Research Plan
A. Question or Problem Being Addressed
B. Goals/ Expected Outcomes/Hypotheses
C. Description in Detail of Research Method
a. Preparation of Materials
b. Preparation of Powder food
c. Test it to Chickens
d. Recording of Data
e. Statistical Analysis
f. Other Information
D. Experimental Design
E. Process Flowchart
F. Proposed Table
Gantt Chart
Acknowledgment
Abstract
Table of Contents
List of Tables
List of Photographs
ISEF forms
Chapter 1: Introduction 2
A. Background of the Study 2
B. Review of Related Literature 3
C. Statement of the Problem 10
D. Hypothesis 11
E. Significance of the Study 11
F. Scope and Limitation 12
G. Definition of Terms 12
Chapter 2: Materials and Method 14
A. Materials 14
B. General Procedure 18
B.1 Preparation of Materials 18
B.2 Preparation of Powder food 18
B.3 Test it to Chicken 19
B.4 Recording of Data 19
B.5 Statistical Analysis 19
B.6 Other Information 19
Formula 20
C. Process Flowchart/Diagram 21
Chapter 3: Results and Discussion 22

Controlled Group 23
Treatment 1 24
Treatment 2 25
Treatment 3 26
Difference Between Controlled and Treatments 1, 2, 3 27
Chapter 4: Conclusion and Recommendation 28
Summary 28
Conclusion 28
Recommendation 29
Bibliography 30
Appendices 33
Appendix A: Budgetary 33
Appendix B: Biographical Sketch 34
Appendix C: Photo Documentation 37

List of Tables
Content Pages
Table 1: Controlled Group Weight 23
Table 2: Treatment 1 Weight 24
Table 5: Difference Between Controlled and Treatments 1, 2, 3 27

List of Photographs
Content Pages
Photograph 1. Malunggay Leaves 14
Photograph 2. Shredded Coconut 15
Photograph 3. Blender 15
Photograph 4. Coconut Grater Stool 16
Photograph 5. Ginger 16
Photograph 6. Chicken Feeds 17
Photograph 7. Weighing Scale 17
Photograph 8. Chickens 18
MALUNGGAY LEAVES (Moringa oleifera), SHREDDED COCONUT (Cocos
nucifera) AND GINGER (Zingiber officinale) AS A POWDER FOOD FOR CHICKENS
IN POULTRY FARM
Aquino, Clarence T.
Marquez, Johnson C.
Villegas, Edward Andrei M.
Ms. Laizel Marlee Diroy
Research Adviser
Chapter 1
INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study

Being healthy is one important thing in human life. It provides strong body, healthy
mind and prevent any diseases that can harm the body. Vegetables and fruits are needed
in the body. Green and Leafy Vegetables are important and enjoyable part of plants that
are consumes by humans or other animals as food. Vegetables contain essential nutrients
that are important for their health, growth and development.
Vegetables are good source of vitamins A, C, and folate. Fruits like coconuts are the
large seeds of coconut palms (Cocos Nucifera) which grow in tropical climates. Their
brown fibrous husks conceal the meat inside. As the oil and milk for this fruit have
become increasingly popular many people may wonder how to use coconut meat and
whether it offers health and benefits.
People can use those vegetables and fruits. There are so many ways on how to
experiment and how it can be an alternative food for the animals in a cheapest and easy
to look for. Malunggay (Moringa Oleifera Lam). It is well known because of the
vitamins and minerals that it can give to a person. Coconut is also known because it’s
possess high in fat and calories. While moderate in carbs and protein. Ginger, on the
other hand, packs a powerful punch, not only contains vitamin C, magnesium, and
potassium, but it also has numerous health benefits. At this point, the researcher opened
their mind to do something good that can amaze people and for them to easily search and
look for food to animals like malunggay and coconut meat, they conducted a study to
promote a feed that is rich in nutrients and vitamins. The researcher came up with the
study “Malunggay Leaves, Shredded Coconut, and Ginger as a powder food for
Chickens in poultry farm”.
B. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES
Mentioned by Padilla (2015), this study was conducted to determine the effect of
Moringa leaf powder supplement to layer chickens on the rate of egg production and on
egg quality such as egg weight and weight of its components.1 This study was designed
to show some non- significant differences between other feed additives. This also test if
these feed additives can improve the growth and development of our chickens. Not only
Malunggay and Coconut can we used in doing leaf powder supplement but also eggs.
After the test it showed non-significant differences on the rate of egg production and
layer chickens. It also shows that this leaf powder can be a potential feed additive.
Stated by Alimon, Arulselvan, Ismail, Karthivashan (2015), this study was conducted
to determine if high supply would be better to feed Malunggay to farm animals for
conversion into meat and eggs.2In addition, this study can improved coconut meat
supplementation, and increase the level of coconut affection to chickens. The results
showed that coconut meat performed similarly with those on ration without Malunggay
Leaves. It also gains in weight but it is effective like chickens not enough strong body.
1
Padilla J.H., Malunggay: “An EGGcelent feed additive”: p. 1-5, 2015
2
Alimon A.R., Arulselvan P., Ismail I., Karthivashan G. “Competing Role of Bioactive
Constituents in Moringa Oleifera Extract and Conventional Nutrition Feed on the
Performance of Cobb 500 broilers”, p. 1-10, 2015

International Journal of Poultry Science, 17:134-159. Highlighted by Decuypere,
Gbeassor, Nideou, Teteh, Tona, Voemesse (2018).3This study was conducted to
determine if this way can help many people, before achieving this, they investigate the
effects of Moringa Oleifera leaf in broilers chickens and showed some nutritional
values. This also not to enhance the skills and ability of chickens but also to people that
alleviate and concern their animals. This study can have an effect on our chickens but
in a positive way and good way.
Stated by Falowo (2018), this study was conducted to determine if Moringa Oleifera
can improve health status, feed conversion efficiency, growth performance and product
quality of several livestock species4 Moreover, Moringa Oleifera has been reported to
increase nutritional values, some organoleptic properties, oxidative stability and product
shelf life, consumer studies in the development of these products. Therefore, this study
has multi-function potential benefits of this plant in human and livestock nutrition.
Mentioned by Boateng (2017), this study was conducted to test which mother were to
feed the assigned foods to their infants for 14 days.5 This study is for the infant example
our siblings and their caregivers example our parents. Not only for chickens can use
Moringa Oleifera but also to people like us that have problems on how to have a proper
diet and healthy body and also increasing our growth and development. This study is
3
Ibid., 154-159
4
Ibid., 15-17
5
Ibid., 173
effective if you try this, because it is healthy and nutritious not only for chickens but also
to people like us.
According to Mahfuz, Piao (2019), this study was conducted to determine the effects
of Moringa Oleifera tree leaves, seeds and their extracts on chickens performance and
health status.6 Based on previous findings, Moringa Oleifera as natural feed supplement
has sustained the production performance and improved the health status and chickens.
Additionally, these supplement can increase the growth and development of chickens and
other animals.
Highlighted by Younis, Elbestawy (2017), this study was conducted to determine if
Moringa Oleifera extract is mainly used in chicken as a feed additive, but their effect as
water supplementation performance, carcass characteristics, immune response and blood
antioxidant level.7 This study have the advantages not only in chicken performance, and
blood antioxidant level but also in many people, because it is the safe way to help our
chickens to growth faster and healthier.
According to Balba, Flores, Paguia (2014), in order that, this study was conducted to
determine if this Malunggay Leaves can improve influence some treatments that possibly
can help many people like our grandparents, and our parents.8 Additional information,
there are five treatments, examples are basal treatment (negative control), avylamicin
6
Ibid., 1-19
7
Ibid., 15-27
8
Balba C., Flores R.C., Paguia H.M., Paguia R.Q. “Utilization and Evaluation of
Moringa Oleifera Leaf as Poultry feed”: p.343-347, 2014
(positive control) and other treatments. In addition, this study can have an alternative
value that we can find a right choice for our chickens.
Stated by Desnacido, Magsadia, Perlas, Serafico (2017), this study was conducted to
determine if it is necessary to characterize these feed stuffs as to their digestibility, amino
acid profile and contents of anti-nutritional factors.9 In addition, methods applicable on
small-holder farms should be developed to properly treat the alternative feed stuffs so as
to improve their nutritional values. Also this feed stuffs can help many farms to have a
many animals that is much stronger than before and also it can more productive.
Mentioned by Khan (2018), this study was conducted to determine if insects can also
help increase the growth and development of chickens in poultry farm.10 Not only
Moringa Oleifera can we use in feeding our tired chickens but also other things like
insects, some insects can produce other nutrients that can help our chickens to grow
faster and more healthier. But before that we should do first some observation, if these
insects are healthier. After that we should go to the experiment and then we should
record the Chickens growth if it’s increasing or not. This is also a good way to make our
life more effortless and productive.
According to Stoev (2010), this study was conducted to determine if these feed
additives can protect some animals, because not all feed additives is healthy on our
9
Desnacido J.A., Magsadia C.R., Perlas L.A., Serafico M. “Efficacy of Malunggay
leaves in improving iron and Vitamins A and B status of Filipino School Children”:
p.293-297, 2017
10
Khan S.H., “Recent Advances in role of insects as alternative protein source in
poultry nutrition”: p.1144-1157, 2018
animals, others have toxic chemical or ingredient that mix with the other ingredients. 11
We need to protect our animals because some of the feed additives can cause our animals
to have many diseases and also it will die if we didn’t protect them from the other feed
additives.
According to Fascina, Sartori, Gonzales, Carvalho, Mailinch (2012), similarly to
study above, this study also conducted to determine if this feed additives can lessen the
fats coming from their food.12 We need to use this additives because it is more helpful to
make our animals balanced and healthier body. Like the Moringa Oleifera it is also
helpful in our animals, because it is the only thing we can do in our animals.
Stated by Amad (2011), this study was conducted to examine the effects of a
phytogenic feed additive (PFA) containing essential oils of thyme and star anise as lead
active components on the growth performance and apparent ileal nutrient digestibility in
broiler chickens.13It is by an improvement in the nutrient digestibility in the small
intestine. The underlying physiological mechanisms, however, need to be characterized
further and also the people that control this kind of study and some factors that possibly
can help us.
11
Ibid., 219-229
12
Fascina V.B., Sartori J.R., Gonzales E., Carvalho F.B.D., Mailinch I., “Phytogenic
Additives and organic acids in broiler chicken diets”: p.2189-2197, 2012
13
Ibid., 208-220
Mentioned by Murugesan (2015), this study was conducted to determine if this
additives can improve gut health and thereby performance.14 This experiment was
conducted with the objective to evaluate the effects of PFA as an alternative to AGP on
small intestinal histomorphology, cecal microbiota composition, nutrient digestibility,
and growth performance in broiler chickens. It says that it is applicable and effective to
our animals and it will help in the development of animals.
According to Ceylan, Cinar, Onder (2016), this study was conducted to determine if
this leaf can also help in other field like phytotheraphy, In this way our money cannot be
reduced, also it can help in our society and to all of the people around us.15 All of this
related studies is helpful, like farmers who have problems in the field of food industry.
We can apply it in everyday life, even in other countries. In addition, not only leaf can be
a good way to help our animals but all parts of Malunggay like trunks that can make an
herbal for everyone who can help other people to decrease their stress and increase our
happiness.
According to Lima (2015), this coconut have some biological effects, such as anti-
helminthic, anti- inflammatory, and antioxidant.16 The objective of this study was to
review the phytochemical profile, pharmacological activities and toxicology. The review
of this study consisted of searches performed using scientific databases and because each
14
Ibid., 257-264
15
Ceylan F., Cinar A.S., Onder A. “Moringa Oleifera and Importance in
Phytotheraphy”: p.796-804, 2016
16
Ibid., 181-192
part of Cocos Nucifera has different constituents, the pharmacological effects of this
plant vary according to the part of the plant evaluated.
According to Brienna, Aligno, Badilles, Jao, Kosanunchai, Mercado, Tan, Tumulak
(2017), this study was conducted to determine if this five mice for each group were
chosen through a fish bowl method.17 The results of this study showed changes in wound
size for both groups a day after the application of Moringa Oleifera crude extracts.
There was a constant change in the wound size for each group but this study is effective
because they use a method and an observation to accomplished this kind of study.
18
According to Sagum, Mallillin (2014), this study has a great influence especially on
those who raise Chickens, it can help this powder food. Besides it is full of Vitamins that
can help speed up the size of Chickens, it is also organic. 19Stated by Singletary (2010),
this study will lead poultry farmers to stop feeding your Chickens using unhealthy feeds,
because they lack of nutrients they can provide to the Chickens. Also this study is perfect
for poultry farmers to believe that they also need to try this Powder Food. 20According to
Andy, Yani (2016), this study will have a big impact to our Poultry farmers, they will
17
Brienna K., Aligno Z., Badilles J.T., Jao E.E.P., Kosanunchai P., Mercado H., Tan
T.V.A., Tumulak C.M. “The wound healing effect of Moringa Oleifera Crude Extract on
thye incised of Musmuculus (Male Albino Mice)”: p.191-196, 2017
18
Sagum R.S., Mallillin A.C. “Changes in Glucose and Lipid Profile after Consumption
of Malunggay (Moringa oleifera) Leaves Products in Humans with Moderately Raised
Serum Glucose and Cholesterol Levels”: p.200-203, 2014
19
Singletary K., “Ginger an Overview of Health Benefits”: p. 171-183, 2010
20
Andy A., Yani S., “Grated Coconut Waste as Heating Jacket and Temperature
Stabilizer in the production of Virgin Coconut Oil by Natural Fermentation”: vol. 11,
no.8, 2016
receive great benefits and the Chickens will also receive huge benefits, with this Study
its production will be abundant and expand even more.
C. Statement of the Problem
This present study will attempt to answer the following main questions:
1. What is the weight of the Chickens after treatment with Malunggay Leaves, Shredded
Coconut and Ginger from Week 1 to 5?
2. Is there a significant difference in weight of the Chickens after treatment with
Malunggay Leaves, Shredded Coconut and Ginger from Week 1 to 5?
D. Hypothesis
Null Hypothesis
1. There is no weight added to the Chickens after treatment with Malunggay Leaves,
Shredded Coconut, and Ginger from Week 1 to 5.
2. There is no significant difference in weight of the Chickens after treatment with
Malunggay Leaves, Shredded Coconut, and Ginger from Week 1 to 5.
Alternative Hypothesis
1. There is a weight added to the Chickens after treatment with Malunggay Leaves,
Shredded Coconut, and Ginger from Week 1 to 5.
2. There is a significant difference in weight of the Chickens after treatment with
Malunggay Leaves, Shredded Coconut, and Ginger.
E. Significance of the study
Some of poultry farms these days can’t afford to buy the right foods for the animals.
They used left over foods just to feed their animals. People nowadays sell the animals for
a small amount to buy their needs for everyday life. Instead of feeding the animals using
left over foods, people can make an alternative food that is easy to get and prepare for an
affordable and cheap but at Malunggay leaves, coconut, and ginger can be found
anywhere. This kind of powder food is easy to prepare and has high nutrition values for
animals. This study is also for farmers who care for their lovingly animals especially
chickens in poultry farms. From Desnacido that in their research they conducted its
effectiveness on chickens, not only its effectiveness on chickens but also its vitamin on
chickens, in our study it was just the same as theirs but they only used the same
ingredients.
F. Scope and Limitations
This study only focused on the effectiveness of Malunggay leaves, Shredded coconut,
and Ginger as an alternative for foods of animals like chicken that helps the growth and
health. The researcher did not show any concern to the other parts of the plant except for
its leaves, and its contents inside.

G. Definition of Terms
This section contains difficult terms. The following are provided for additional
knowledge and understanding.
Artificial food. refers to something made to look like nature. Some artificial foods made
of rubber or similar materials are extremely realistic.
Nutrients. a substance that provides nourishment necessary for growth and survival.
Malunggay Leaves. widely used as a vegetable ingredient in cooking, as herbal
medicine for a variety of illnesses, and for a variety of other practical purposes.
Coconut. the large, oval, brown seed of a tropical palm, with a hard shell lined with
edible white flesh and a clear liquid inside. It grows within a woody husk that is
surrounded by fiber.
Ginger. a hot, fragrant spice derived from a plant's rhizome, which can be chopped or
powdered for cooking, preserved in syrup, or candied.

Chapter 2
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A. Materials Used
A.1 Malunggay Leaves

This is Malunggay Leaves also known as Drumstick tree, a fast growing resistant tree,
native to tropical and subtropical regions of South Asia. Common names include
moringa, drumstick tree, horseradish tree, and ben oil tree or benzolive tree. It also full of
essential nutrients and vitamins that your children need it. It contains protein, vitamin
B6, vitamin C, iron, riboflavin, vitamin A, and magnesium. Malunggay Leaves are good
for headache, bleeding from shallow cut, bacterial and fungal skin complaints, anti-
inflammatory, gastric ulcers, diarrhea, and malnutrition. This material is the most
important ingredient in making our powder food.
A.2 Shredded Coconut
This is Shredded Coconut simply the meat from fresh whole coconuts that has been
dried and cut into fine pieces. No artificial sweeteners, flavors, or no preservatives have
been added. Shredded Coconut gives the rich flavor of fresh coconuts to all manner of
baked goods. It also showed some essential nutrients of Shredded Coconut, rich in fiber,
it may offer a number of benefits including improved heart health, weight loss, and
digestion. Yet it’s high in calories and saturated fat, so you should eat in the moderation.
Overall, unsweetened coconut meat makes a great addition to a balanced diet. We used
this material to further support the powdered food we maked and to balance the taste to
chickens.
A.3 Blender
This is Blender or food processor is a kitchen and
laboratory appliance used to mix, or emulsify food and
other substances. A stationary blender consists of a blender container with a rotating
metal blade at the bottom, powered by an electric motor that is in the base. Some
powerful models can also crush ice and other frozen foods. We used this thing to easily
crushed dry things like Malunggay Leaves.
A.4 Coconut Grater Stool

This is Coconut Grater Stool is a tool used to grate coconut for various uses as
required in many recipes and specifically in the tropical recipes. Coconut Grater Stool is
also used to coconut by placing the blade attached to it in the half cut coconut and then
twisted to take out the fine shavings.
A.5 Ginger
This is Ginger a flowering plant widely used as a spice and a folk medicine. We used
this material for booster that can also helped to increase the growth and healthier of
animals especially chickens.
A.6 Normal/Chicken Feeds
This is Normal/Chicken
Feeds it is used to give vigor to Chickens and to increase the weight of Chickens.
A.7 Weighing Scale

A weighing scale (also known as a weighing balance) is a device used to determine
the weight or mass of an object. These are also known as mass scales, weight scales,
mass balance, weight balance, or simply scale, balance, or balance scale. This material
we used to measure the weight of Chickens per week.
A.8 Chicken
This is Chicken a type of bird
kept on a farm for its eggs or its meat, it is also used to test the powdered food we made
B. General Procedure
B.1 Preparation of Materials
After we prepared all the materials, we cleaned the ingredients that we needed. When
preparing all materials, we must first clean the ingredients or materials that will be used,
and we must also ensure that it is very effective to test on chickens. We will use a
blender or grinder to powdered vegetables, a coconut grater stool when we can't find
shredded coconut, and Malunggay leaves, shredded coconut, and ginger to make our
powder food. The amount of it when powderized is determined by our Experimental
Design, which specifies the amount per treatment (75/25g, 50/50g, and 25/75g).
B.2 Preparation of Powder food
In this procedure, the powder food is almost finished, and it must be tested on
chickens to see if it is safe. To achieve this powder food, we must first dry the variables
or materials that we will use before blending them, so that they dry and powderized.
B.3 Test it to Chicken
We observed the effect of the powdered food if it has effect to the growth and health
of the Chickens through feeding the amount of normal feed plus the powdered food made
up of Malunggay Leaves, Shredded Coconut, and Ginger.
B.4 Recording of Data
We analyzed a way to present the results after we tested the powdered food to
Chickens. We showed the results with diagrams so that you can understood the changes
of the Chickens easily.
B.5 Statistical Analysis (T-test)
You’ll see here the quantitative data of your outcome, it also presented the formula on
how you prepared your result, such as the percentage of the Chicks from day 1 to 20.
B.6 Other Information

This other information is only the conclusion and recommendations.
C. Statistical Analysis
This single sample of t method tests a null hypothesis that the population mean is
equals to a specified value, if this value is zero (or not entered) then the confidence
interval for the sample mean is given.

D. Schematic Diagram
Preparation/Gather All Materials
Preparation of Powder food made from Malunggay Leaves, Shredded Coconut, and
Ginger
Test it to Chickens
Recording of Data
Statistical Analysis (T-test)
Conclusion
Chapter 3
Recommendations
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
This Chapter presents the Results and Discussions as shown in tabulation the weight
changes of Chickens from Week One to Week Five. Analysis and interpretation of the
results are included in this Chapter. The changes in weight based on the concentration of
malunggay leaves, coconut and ginger as powdered food for developing Chickens are
stated in tabular followed by the interpretation of the data.

Table 1. Controlled Group Weight
Controlled Group (Normal Feed)

Chicken Initial Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 5
Weight (g) Weight (g) Weight (g) Weight (g) Weight (g) Weight (g)
(July 18- (July 26- (August 06- (August 14- (August 21- (August 28-
July 26) August 06) August 14) August 21) August 28) September 04)
1 500 650 900 1200 1500 1975

2 300 400 700 1000 1300 1600
3 330 400 700 1000 1300 1600
4 120 250 500 800 1100 1400
5 120 250 500 800 1100 1400
Mean 274 390 660 960 1260 1595
Table 1
The chicken is used for food production all over the world. In the poultry industry,
feed is the primary input that allows the chickens to survive their everyday existence.
The table shows the improvements of the chicken weight after feeding normal feeds . It
can be depicted from the table the Initial Weight of the Chickens after acclimatization
without treatment from Week 1 to Week 5. It can be noted that there is an increased in
weight from Initial to Week 5. The Chickens received no treatment except normal
feeding as control.
Table 2. Treatment 1 Weight
Treatment 1 (75g feeds, 25g powdered food)

1 200 400 750 1100 1450 1800

2 200 400 700 1000 1300 X
3 150 300 600 900 1200 1450
4 150 300 500 750 1000 1200
5 175 350 550 750 1100 1450
Mean 175 350 620 900 1210 1475
Table 2
Animals require enough amounts of all vital nutrients to remain healthy. Many studies
demonstrate that plants play an important role in keeping chickens healthy. We
attempted to keep and improve the hens by combining malunggay, coconut, and ginger.
The table shows the weight of the Chickens after feeding 75 grams of normal feed with
combined of 25 grams of malunggay, coconut, and ginger powdered food. It can be
observed from the table the Initial Weight of the Chickens after treatment with 75g
Chicken feeds and 25 grams of powdered plants of dried malunggay, coconut and ginger
from Week 1 to Week 5. It can be noted that there is an increased in weight from Initial
to Week 5. Also shown on this table is the death of chicken #2 in Week 5.

1 150 300 525 800 1075 1600

2 200 400 600 800 1000 X
3 125 250 550 750 950 1200
4 110 175 300 500 750 1200
5 120 175 X X X X
Mean 141 260 493.75 712.5 943.75 1333.33
Table 3
The table showed the Initial Weight of the Chickens after treatment with 50g Chicken
feeds and 50 grams of powdered plants of dried malunggay, coconut and ginger from
Week 1 to Week 5. It can also be noted that there is an increased in weight from Initial to
Week 5 which explained that feed fortified with dried leaves of malunggay, coconut and
ginger can improve the weight gain of the Chickens in 5 Weeks period. Also this table
shows the deaths of two Chickens, Chicken #2 and Chicken #5.


1 200 300 500 700 825 1350

2 200 300 500 700 800 1200
3 150 250 400 800 1000 1200
4 225 300 500 750 1000 1450
5 200 300 X X X X
Mean 195 290 475 737.5 906.25 1300
Table 4
The table showed the Initial Weight of the Chickens after treatment with 25g Chicken
feeds and 75 grams of powdered plants of dried malunggay, coconut and ginger from
Week 1 to Week 5. It can also be noted that there is an increased in weight from Initial to
Week 5 which explained that feed fortified with dried leaves of malunggay, coconut and
ginger can improve the weight gain of the Chickens in five weeks. This table also shows
the death of a Chicken and it is Chicken #5.

Table 5. Difference Between Controlled and Treatment 1, 2, 3
Paired Samples t-test

N Correlation Sig.
Control & 29 0.974 0.000
Treatment
Treatment_1 & 26 0.782 0.000
Treatment_2
Treatment_1 & 24 0.874 0.000

Treatment_3
Treatment_2 & 24 0.865 0.000

Treatment_3
Table 5
The table showed important data about the difference between controlled and
Treatments 1, 2, 3. However, when treatments are compared with control, based of
paired t-test there is a significant difference (p value 0.000) in terms of weight gain. Also
there is a significant difference between treatment 1 and 2, treatment 2 and 3 and
treatment 1 and 3. Significant weight gains vary depending on the amount of dried plant
materials added to the normal feeds of chicken.

Chapter 4
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
The research entitled “Malunggay Leaves, Shredded Coconut and Ginger as a Powder
food for Chickens in Poultry Farm”, was conducted to provide alternative feeds for
Chickens but has the same nutrients as the commercially used feeds. The researchers
produced this feeds in order to help people to have cheaper alternative for their Chickens.
The average weight of the chickens in the first week of Treatment 1 is 175 grams but
after giving 75 grams of standard feed plus 25 grams of malunggay, coconut, and ginger
powdered food, the average weight of Chickens increased to 1 475 grams in Week 5. The
average weight of the chickens in the first week of Treatment 2 is 141 grams but after
feeding them the following treatment 50 grams of Chicken feeds and 50 grams of
powdered plants of dried malunggay, coconut, and ginger it increased to 1 333.33 grams
in Week 5. The average weight of the chickens in the first week of Treatment 3 is 195
grams but after giving them the following treatment of 25 grams Chicken feeds and 75
grams of powdered plants of dried malunggay, coconut, and ginger their average weight
increases to 1 300 grams in Week 5. There is an increase in the weight of chickens
depending on the amount of normal feeds and powdered food made of organic.
Based on the observation that have been done, the researchers concluded that there is
a significant increase in the weight of the chickens after the chickens received normal
treatment compared to the initial weight of the chickens. Even if the Chickens increased
their weight, it is better that we use or mix it with organic. Based on the experiment or
treatment done, there is an increased or changed in the weight of Chickens, normal feeds
and normal feeds plus powdered food made from Malunggay Leaves, Shredded Coconut
and Ginger. When there is a large amount of powdered food made from organic, it will
be more effective to Chickens like Treatment 3 that we can say it is recommended to
everyone with the amount of 25g feeds and 75g of powdered food made from organic,
with the p value of 0.000 there is a significant difference in terms of weight gain.
Therefore, the study rejected the null hypothesis.
Specifically, based from the analysis and results interpretations, the researchers
recommend the following. Increase the number of samples to determine the significant
gain in weight of the chickens from initial until the end of the treatment period, use other
plant materials aside from coconut, malunggay and ginger to be added as enrichment
feeds for chicken, utilize other ratio proportion of plant materials with chicken feeds to
provide more effective treatment to increase the size and weight of the chickens, and use
two controlled.
Bibliography
A. Journal Article
Alimon A.R., Arulselvan P., Ismail I., Karthivashan G. “Competing Role of Bioactive
Constituents in Moringa Oleifera Extract and Conventional Nutrition Feed on
the Performance of Cobb 500 broilers” (Biomed Research International), p. 1-
10, 2015 https://www.doi.org/10.1155/2015/970398
Amad A.A. “Effects of a phytogenic feed additive on growth performance and ileal
nutrient digestibility in broiler chickens”: Pubmed, p.208-220, 2011
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/22080020
Balba C., Flores R.C., Paguia H.M., Paguia R.Q. “Utilization and Evaluation of Moringa
Oleifera Leaf As Poultry feed”: Science direct, p.343-347, 2014
https://www.creativecommons.org/license/by-nc-nd/3.0/
Boateng L., “Acceptability of complementary foods that incorporate Moringa Oleifera
leaf powder among Infants and their Caregivers”: Aqualog, p.173, 2017
Brienna K., Aligno Z., Badilles J.T., Jao E.E.P., Kosanunchai P., Mercado H., Tan
T.V.A., Tumulak C.M. “The wound healing effect of Moringa Oleifera Crude
Extract on thye incised of Musmuculus (Male Albino Mice)”: Herdin, p.191-
196, 2017 https://www.herdin.ph/index.php?view=research&cid=63111
Ceylan F., Cinar A.S., Onder A. “Moringa Oleifera and Importance in Phytotheraphy”:
PMC, p.796-804, 2016
https://www.academia.edu/33611889/MORINGA_OLEIFERA_AND_IMPORT
ANCE_IN_PHYTOTHERAPHY
Decuypere E., Gbeassor M., Nideou D., N’nanle O., Teteh A., Tona K., Voemesse K.
“Effect of Moringa Oleifera leaf meal on Growth and performance and blood
parameters of Egg Type Chicken during Juvenile Growth”: Science Alert, p.
154-159, 2018
https://www.scialet-net.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/scialert.net/abstract/amp.php?
amp_js_v=a2&amp_gsa=1&doi=ijps
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in improving iron and Vitamins A and B status of Filipino School Children”:
Research Gate, p.293-297, 2017

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316834338
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animal food products”: Pubmed, p. 15-27, 2018
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Additives and organic acids in broiler chicken diets”: Revista Brasileira de
Zootecnia, p.2189-2197, 2012 https://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?
script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982012001000008
Khan S.H., “Recent Advances in role of insects as alternative protein source in poultry
nutrition”: Taylor and Francis online, p.1144-1157, 2018
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09712119.2018.1474743
Lima E.B.C.,“Cocos Nucifera: A phytochemical and pharmacological review”: Brazilian
Journal of Medical and Biological Research, p.181-192, 2015
Mahfuz S., Piao X.S. “Application of Moringa Oleifera as Natural feed Supplement in
Poultry Diets”: Animals, 1-19, 2019
Mona E.M. Younis, Elbestawy A.R. “Water Supplementation of Moringa Oleifera and
its Effect on Performance, Blood Antioxidant and Immune Response of Two
Broiler Breeds”: Science Alert, p.52-60, 2017 https://www.scialert-
net.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/scialert.net/abstract/amp.php?amp_js_v=a2&amp-
gsa=1&doi=jbs
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Promoters in Broiler Chickens”: Pubmed, p.257-264, 2015
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against the suppressive effect of ochratoxin: A on egg production of laying
hens”: Pubmed, p.219-229, 2010
B. Short Work
Sagum R.S., Mallillin A.C. “Changes in Glucose and Lipid Profile after Consumption of
Malunggay (Moringa oleifera) Leaves Products in Humans with Moderately
Raised Serum Glucose and Cholesterol Levels”: Scientific and Academic Pub-
lishing, p.200-203, 2014
(Moringa oleifera) Leaves Products in Humans with Moderately Raised Serum Glucose and
Cholesterol Levels (sapub.org)
Singletary K., “Ginger an Overview of Health Benefits”: Nutrition Today, p. 171-183,

2010 Ginger: An Overview of Health Benefits: Nutrition Today (lww.com)
Andy A., Yani S., “Grated Coconut Waste as Heating Jacket and Temperature Stabilizer
In the production of Virgin Coconut Oil by Natural Fermentation”: ARPN
Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, vol. 11, no.8, 2016
jeas_0416_4088.pdf(arpnjournals.org)
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1-5, 2015
https://www.thesip2014.wixsite.com/the-sip/single-post/2015/03/16/
Malunggay-An-EGGcelent-feed-additive
Appendix A
Budgetary
Materials Quantity Cost
Shredded Coconut 8kg Php 56
Ginger 8kg Php 960
Normal Feed 50kg Php 1,800
Chicks 20 chicks Php 1,080

Appendix B
Biographical Sketch
RESEARCHER’S PROFILE
Name: Johnson C. Marquez
Address: 51-H Makina St. Naic, Cavite
Birthday: April 29, 2006
Age: 15
Gender: Male
Name of the Mother: Mercelita C. Marquez
Name of the Father: Benjamin Q. Marquez Occupation: Businessman
Educational Background:
Course School Attended
Pre-school Maricar Learning Center
Elementary Naic Elementary School
Highschool Bucal National Integrated School
Achievements:
Pre-school- 2nd honor
Elementary- With Honors (Grade 1-6)
Highschool- With Honors (Grade 7-10)
Name: Clarence T. Aquino

Address: 093 Humbac Naic, Cavite
Birthday: October 17, 2005
Age: 16
Gender: Male
Name of the Mother: Ma. Louisa T. Aquino Occupation: Housewife
Name of the Father: Melech T. Aquino Occupation: OFW
Pre-school Naic Elementary School
Achievements:
Pre-school- None
Elementary- With Honors (Grade 6)
Name: Edward Andrei M. Villegas
Address: 059C Mainroad Bancaan Naic, Cavite
Birthday: March 12, 2006
Age: 16
Gender: Male
Name of the Mother: Romalyn M. Villegas Occupation: Housewife
Name of the Father: Darrell C. Villegas Occupation: Seafarer
Pre-school Naic Elementary School
Achievements:
Pre-school- None
Elementary- With Honors (Grade 6)
Appendix C
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Aquino, Marquez, Villegas 1

MALUNGGAY LEAVES (Moringa oleifera), SHREDDED COCONUT (Cocos

nucifera) AND GINGER (Zingiber officinale) AS A POWDER FOOD FOR CHICKENS

Villegas, Edward Andrei M.

Ms. Laizel Marlee Diroy

Malunggay Leaves, Shredded Coconut, and Ginger

As a Powder food for Chickens in Poultry farm

and various types of infection.

We can find Malunggay leaves anywhere in the Philippines. Malunggay is very

A. Questions or Problem Being Addressed

food to the growth and development of Chickens.

Specifically, it will seek to answer the following questions:

help to improve the performance and outgrowth of Chickens in Poultry Farm?

c. Will there be a significant difference on improving Chickens health and growth

mix with normal food)?

with normal food)?

It was hypothesized that:

a. There is no significant difference between the amount of Powder food and

outgrowth of Chickens in poultry farm.

b. There will be no significant difference on improving Chickens health and

growth with common artificial food used by local farmers.

health and growth base on their measurements/ amount.

with normal food) other than weight of the Chickens.

C. Description in Detail of Research Method

for our Chickens to be used for our Experiment is in Naic, Cavite.

b. Preparation of Powder food

you can easily understood the undergo growth of our Chickens.

e. Statistical Analysis (T-test)

X1 = Mean of Sample 1 S2 = Standard Deviation of Sample 2

S1 = Standard Deviation of Sample 1 N2 = Sample size of Sample 2

N1= Sample size of Sample 1

This other information is only the conclusion and recommendations.

D. Experimental Design: Random Block Design

Chickens in Poultry Farm

Table 1. Experimental Design Table of the Study

Independent Variable Powder food made from Malunggay

Leaves, Shredded Coconut and Ginger

Independent Variable with their Powdered food made from Malunggay

Measurements Leaves, Shredded Coconut and Ginger

T1: 75g feeds, 25g powdered food

T2: 50g feeds, 50g powdered food

T3: 25g feeds, 75g powdered food

Dependent variable Growth of Chickens

Controlled variable Chicken with Normal Feed

Preparation/Gather All Materials

Statistical Analysis (T-test)

chickens each group/treatment

Treatment No. Amount of Chicks Amount/Kind of Feed

Control 5 Chicks Normal Feeds

Treatment No. 1 5 Chicks 75g feeds, 25g powdered

food made from

Shredded Coconut, and

Treatment No. 2 5 Chicks 50g feeds, 50g powdered

food made from

Shredded Coconut, and

Treatment No. 3 5 Chicks 25g feeds, 75g powdered

food made from

Shredded Coconut, and