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IntroPE
Introduction to Power Electronics

A Waveform Based Approach Using Simplorer
Marquette University – ANSYS, Inc. Joint Course 1

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Objectives
Review fundamental concepts of Power Electronics
Serve as an introduction and provide a few tips on Simplorer
Background
Inspired by Professor Mohan’s book :“First Course on Power Electronics”, MNPERE,
2009 Edition, which is adopted by the DOE/ONR Sponsored National Consortium to
Revitalize the Power Energy Curricula in US Universities
Notes
The parameters for the simulation examples were chosen in order to better illustrate the principles of
operation and the functions of various components, rather than to exemplify specific engineering
applications
The typical formatting of Simplorer waveforms was modified in order to provide better visibility for a
classroom presentation.

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Outline
1. “Switching Power Pole” (or the Ideal PE Switch)

2. PWM and Duty Cycle for Gate Signal
3. Power Semiconductor Switches
4. Ideal and Detailed Modeling of Switches
5. DC-DC Converters
6. Single Phase Full Bridge – AC/DC Converters (Rectifiers)
7. Single Phase Full Bridge – DC/AC Converters (Inverters)
8. Switched Mode DC-DC Power Supplies
9. Three Phase Full Bridge Converters – Inverters and Rectifiers

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1. Switching Power Pole
Gate Signal ANSOFT
1.00 Curve Info

Gate_Signal.VAL
TR
0.00
0.00 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00
Time [ms]
A switching power realized with an ideal switch
The duty cycle and the ratio of voltages
Tup
d A (  Tup / Ts ) vA  Vin  d AVin
Ts
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1. Switching Power Pole
Gate Signal ANSOFT
1.00 Curve Info

Gate_Signal.VAL
TR
0.00
0.00 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00
Time [ms]
The switching power pole realized with a controlled PE switch
• The finite signal ramp (Hmin and Hmax in Simplorer: 1 to 10 micro seconds)
• What is the voltage output for a 0.5 (i.e. 50%) duty cycle?
• What would happen if the load would include an inductor?
• See the Buck DC/DC Converter later on.

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2. PWM and Duty Cycle for Gate Signal
The PWM signal is generated from the comparison between a voltage control
signal and a ramp signal.

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3. Power Semiconductor Devices
Source: N. Mohan, “First Course on Power Electronics”, MNPERE, 2009 Edition.

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Ideal switches and Semiconductor - Spice compatible models
semiconductor - system device level
level
+ V

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Electrical Characterization Thermal Characterization
Data Sheet based

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5. DC-DC Converters
5.1 DC-DC Buck Converters
The power pole is realized by a controlled PE switch (MOSFET) and a diode.
State-machine simulation.

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5.1 DC-DC Buck Converter

Ansoft LLC Gate Signal Buck Converter ANSOFT
1.00 Curve Info

STATE_11_1.ST
TR
0.00
10.000 10.005 10.010 10.015 10.020
Time [ms]
Input Current Buck Converter ANSOFT
15.00 Curve Info
I_in.I [A]
I_in.I
TR
5.00
-5.00
10.000 10.005 10.010 10.015 10.020
Time [ms]
Diode Current and Inductor Current Buck Converter ANSOFT
15.00 Curve Info
D.I
Y1 [A]
TR
5.00 TR
L.I
-5.00
10.000 10.005 10.010 10.015 10.020
Time [ms]
Capacitor Current and Load Current Buck Converter ANSOFT
15.00 Curve Info
C.I
Y1 [A]
TR
5.00 TR
R.I
-5.00
10.000 10.005 10.010 10.015 10.020
Time [ms]

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5.1 DC-DC Buck Converter

Ansoft LLC Gate Signal Buck Converter ANSOFT
1.00 Curve Info

STATE_11_1.ST
TR
0.00
10.000 10.005 10.010 10.015 10.020
Time [ms]
Ansoft LLC Diode Voltage Buck Converter ANSOFT
0.00 Curve Info

D.V [V]
D.V
TR
-10.00
-20.00
10.000 10.005 10.010 10.015 10.020
Time [ms]
Inductor Voltage Buck Converter ANSOFT
15.00 Curve Info
L.V [V]
L.V
TR
0.00
-20.00
10.000 10.005 10.010 10.015 10.020
Time [ms]
Ansoft LLC Load Voltage Buck Converter ANSOFT
20.00 Name X Y Curve Info
R.V [V]
m1 m1 12.9733 11.1983 TR R.V
10.00
0.0010.00 12.00 14.00 16.00 18.00 20.00

Time [ms]

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5.2 DC-DC Buck Converter with Loss Calculations

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5.2 DC-DC Buck Converter with Loss Calculations

Instantaneous Input Power ANSOFT

WM_in.P [W]
m1 3.1618 100.1819 WM_in.P

m1 TR
100.00 m2 3.7816 0.0005
50.00
m2
0.00
-50.00
2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00 4.50 5.00
Time [ms]
Instantaneous Output Power ANSOFT

WM_out.P [W]
m1 3.4659 31.6130 WM_out.P

40.00 m1
m2 3.6135 29.0169 TR
m2
30.00
20.00
10.00
0.00
2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00 4.50 5.00
Time [ms]

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5.3 DC-DC Buck-Boost Converters
Vo D
  Buck mode (D<0.5): the output voltage is smaller than the input voltage
Vin 1  D  Boost mode (D>0.5): the output voltage is larger than the input voltage.

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Gate Control Signal Buck Boost Converter ANSOFT
1.00 Curve Info

STATE_11_1.ST
TR
0.00
150.000 150.010 150.020 150.030 150.040 150.050
Time [ms]
Input Current Buck Boost Converter ANSOFT
Curve Info
30.00
i_in.I [A]
i_in.I
TR
10.00
-10.00
150.000 150.010 150.020 150.030 150.040 150.050
Time [ms]
Diode Current and Inductor Current Buck Boost Converter ANSOFT
Curve Info
30.00 D2.I
Y1 [A]
TR
L.I
TR
10.00
-10.00
150.000 150.010 150.020 150.030 150.040 150.050
Time [ms]
Capacitor Current and Load Current Buck Boost Converter ANSOFT
30.00 Curve Info
C.I
Y1 [A]
10.00 TR
R.I
TR
-10.00
-30.00
150.000 150.010 150.020 150.030 150.040 150.050
Time [ms]
Example with 0.6 duty cycle.

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Gate Control Signal Buck Boost Converter ANSOFT
1.00 Curve Info

STATE_11_1.ST
TR
0.00
150.000 150.010 150.020 150.030 150.040 150.050
Time [ms]
Diode Voltage Buck Boost Converter ANSOFT
50.00 Curve Info
D2.V [V]
D2.V
TR
-50.00
-150.00
150.000 150.020 150.040 150.050
Time [ms]
Inductor Voltage Buck Boost Converter ANSOFT
100.00 Curve Info
L.V [V]
L.V
TR
0.00
-100.00
150.000 150.010 150.020 150.030 150.040 150.050
Time [ms]
Load Voltage Buck Boost Converter ANSOFT
m1
R.V [V]
m1 179.4138 69.9583 R.V

TR
50.00
0.00
150.00 160.00 170.00 180.00 190.00 200.00
Time [ms]
Example with 0.6 duty cycle – Note the different time scale for the load voltage.
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6. Single Phase Full Bridge – AC/DC Converter (Rectifier)

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PWM1 Single Phase PWM_Rectifier
PWM1.VAL
ANSOFT
1.00 Curve Info

PWM1.VAL
TR
0.00
0.00 100.00 200.00 300.00 400.00 500.00
Time [us]
PWM2 Single Phase PWM_Rectifier ANSOFT
PWM2.VAL
1.00 Curve Info

PWM2.VAL
TR
0.00
0.00 100.00 200.00 300.00 400.00 500.00
Time [us]
PWM3.VAL
1.00 Curve Info

PWM3.VAL
TR
0.00
0.00 100.00 200.00 300.00 400.00 500.00
Time [us]
PWM4.VAL
1.00 Curve Info

PWM4.VAL
TR
0.00
0.00 100.00 200.00 300.00 400.00 500.00
Time [us]
Gate signals switching sequence for the single-phase PWM rectifier

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Single-Phase AC Supply Single Phase PWM_Rectifier ANSOFT
400.00 m1
Name X Y Curve Info
m1 241.9178 339.6011 Us.V
200.00 250.6170 -334.2167 TR
Us.V [V]
m2
0.00
-200.00 m2
-400.00
200.00 220.00 240.00 260.00 280.00 300.00
Time [ms]
Output Voltage Single Phase PWM_Rectifier ANSOFT

V_out.V [V]
m1 238.6070 135.8904 V_out.V

150.00 m1 m2 m2 242.5478 131.3554
TR
100.00
50.00
0.00
200.00 220.00 240.00 260.00 280.00 300.00
Time [ms]
Capacitor Current and Load Current Single Phase PWM_Rectifier ANSOFT

m1 242.3978 13.1289 C.I
25.00 m1 TR
Y1 [A]
R.I
TR
0.00
-25.00
-50.00
200.00 220.00 240.00 260.00 280.00 300.00
Time [ms]
The value of the capacitance will influence the ripple of the load voltage
Example with the Duty Cycle=0.4 and f_sw=1 kHz.
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Note: The output filter capacitor has been removed in this example, in order to illustrate its function.

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Output Voltage Single Phase PWM_Rectifier ANSOFT

m1 270.4660 57.8453 V_out.V
m2 274.6201 -1.6014 TR
V_out.V [V]
100.00 m1
m2
-100.00
-300.00
250.00 260.00 270.00 280.00 290.00 300.00
Time [ms]
Load Current Single Phase PWM_Rectifier ANSOFT

m1 m1 220.4760 28.8656 R.I
m2 224.7701 1.4556 TR
25.00
R.I [A]
m2
0.00
-25.00
-50.00
200.00 210.00 220.00 230.00 240.00 250.00
Time [ms]
• The input current changes polarity, while the output current maintains polarity.
• Electrolyte capacitors are generally employed to minimize the ripple, e.g. 5%.

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V 1.35V
DC ACrms
Note: Study of effect of the input filter inductor and

the output filter capacitor.

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7. Single Phase Full Bridge – DC/AC Converter (Inverter)

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PWM4.VAL PWM3.VAL PWM2.VAL PWM1.VAL
PWM1 Single Phase PWM Inverter ANSOFT
1.00 Curve Info

PWM1.VAL
TR
0.00
0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00
Time [ms]
1.00 Curve Info

PWM2.VAL
TR
0.00
0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00
Time [ms]
1.00 Curve Info

PWM3.VAL
TR
0.00
0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00
Time [ms]
1.00 Curve Info

PWM4.VAL
TR
0.00
0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00
Time [ms]
Gate signals for the single-phase full bridge inverter

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Diode Current (D1) Single Phase PWM Inverter ANSOFT
m1 Name X Y Curve Info

D1.I [A]
15.00 m1 1.4400 14.7414

TR
D1.I
5.00
-5.001.00 1.20 1.40 1.60 1.80 2.00
Time [ms]
Curve Info
D2.I [A]
15.00 TR
D2.I
5.00
-5.001.00 1.20 1.40 1.60 1.80 2.00
Time [ms]
Curve Info
D3.I [A]
15.00 TR
D3.I
5.00
-5.001.00 1.20 1.40 1.60 1.80 2.00
Time [ms]
Curve Info
D4.I [A]
15.00 TR
D4.I
5.00
-5.001.00 1.20 1.40 1.60 1.80 2.00
Time [ms]
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Phase Current Single Phase PWM Inverter ANSOFT

m1 1.4007 16.8753 R.I
m2 1.5007 -17.2721 TR
20.00 m1
10.00
R.I [A]
0.00
-10.00
m2
-20.00
-30.00
1.00 1.20 1.40 1.60 1.80 2.00
Time [ms]

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Simplorer’s Switched Mode Power Supply (SMPS) model library provides a comprehensive set
of predefined power electronic circuit topologies and related control algorithms for the design of
power converters.
• Graphical modeling of power
systems
• Predefined models for frequently
used DC/DC converter topologies
(including PFC, isolated and non-
isolated designs)
• AC to DC elements such as
single and three phase rectifiers,
system energy storage elements,
loads, and sources aid in the over
all power system design and
modeling.
• Common power electronic control
algorithms and control blocks,
such as PWMs, PID, abc <-> dq,
etc, aid in the feedback designs.
• Switching models provide
accurate voltage and current
waveform representation
• Average models can be used for
control loop design, AC analysis,
and system level converter
modeling.

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Simplorer’s SMPS license option also offers a unique approach to modeling

DC/DC converters based on Data sheets and Test Data. This tool treats the
DC/DC converter as a “black box” (ie details of the power stage and feedback
control are not required). Because this is a behavioral model and not a
“switching” model, the simulation times are greatly improved over a discrete
implementation of the converter. The tool also comes with a vast library of
existing models from a long list of converter manufacturers.

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Flyback Converter

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9. Three Phase Full Bridge Converters

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9.1 Six Step Inverter with120 Deg. Conduction
Switching states
Elec Deg IGBT1 IGBT2 IGBT3 IGBT4 IGBT5 IGBT6
0~60 1 0 0 0 1 0
60~120 1 0 0 0 0 1
120~180 0 1 0 0 0 1
180~240 0 1 0 1 0 0
240~300 0 0 1 1 0 0
300~360 0 0 1 0 1 0

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PWM1 120 degree conduction
PWM1.VAL
ANSOFT
1.00
Curve Info
PWM1.VAL
TR
0.00
0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00
Time [ms]
PWM2 120 degree conduction ANSOFT
PWM2.VAL
1.00 Curve Info

PWM2.VAL
TR
0.00
0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00
Time [ms]
PWM3.VAL
1.00 Curve Info

PWM3.VAL
TR
0.00
0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00
Time [ms]
PWM4.VAL
1.00 Curve Info

PWM4.VAL
TR
0.00
0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00
Time [ms]
PWM5.VAL
1.00 Curve Info

PWM5.VAL
TR
0.00
0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00
Time [ms]
PWM6.VAL
1.00 Curve Info

PWM6.VAL
TR
0.00
0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00
Time [ms]

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Line-to-Neutral Voltage (V_an) 120 degree conduction ANSOFT

m1
V_an.V [V]
m1 2.8695 161.6838 V_an.V

TR
100.00 m2 4.0190 -161.6838
-100.00 m2
-300.000.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00

Time [ms]
Line-to-Neutral Voltage (V_bn) 120 degree conduction ANSOFT
300.00 Curve Info

V_bn.V [V]
V_bn.V
TR
100.00
-100.00
-300.000.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00

Time [ms]
Line-to-Neutral Voltage (V_cn) 120 degree conduction ANSOFT
300.00 Curve Info

V_cn.V
V_cn.V [V]
TR
100.00
-100.00
-300.00
0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00
Time [ms]

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Line-to-Line Voltage (V_ab) 120 degree conduction ANSOFT
500.00 m1 Name X Y Curve Info

V_ab.V [V]
250.00 m1 2.5717 323.3677

TR
V_ab.V
m2 3.7681 -323.3677
0.00
-250.00 m2
-500.000.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00

Time [ms]
Line-to-Line Voltage (V_ac) 120 degree conduction ANSOFT
500.00 Curve Info

V_ac.V [V]
V_ac.V
250.00 TR
0.00
-250.00
-500.000.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00
Time [ms]
Line-to-Line Voltage (V_bc) 120 degree conduction ANSOFT
500.00 Curve Info

V_bc.V [V]
V_bc.V
250.00 TR
0.00
-250.00
-500.000.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00
Time [ms]

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Phase Currents 120 degree conduction ANSOFT

m1 m1 5.5296 16.1354 Ra.I
m2 13.8871 -16.1364 TR
Rb.I
15.00 TR
Rc.I
TR
10.00
5.00
Y1 [A]
0.00
-5.00
-10.00
-15.00 m2
-20.00
0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00
Time [ms]

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Switching states
Elec Deg IGBT1 IGBT2 IGBT3 IGBT4 IGBT5 IGBT6
0~60 1 0 1 0 1 0
60~120 1 0 0 0 1 1
120~180 1 1 0 0 0 1
180~240 0 1 0 1 0 1
240~300 0 1 1 1 0 0
300~360 0 0 1 1 1 0

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PWM6.VAL PWM5.VAL PWM4.VAL PWM3.VAL PWM2.VAL PWM1.VAL
1.00 Curve Info

PWM1.VAL
TR
0.00
0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00
Time [ms]
1.00 Curve Info

PWM2.VAL
TR
0.00
0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00
Time [ms]
1.00 Curve Info

PWM3.VAL
TR
0.00
0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00
Time [ms]
1.00 Curve Info

PWM4.VAL
TR
0.00
0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00
Time [ms]
1.00 Curve Info

PWM5.VAL
TR
0.00
0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00
Time [ms]
1.00 Curve Info

PWM6.VAL
TR
0.00
0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00
Time [ms]
Conduction sequence of the gate signals
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Line-to-Neutral Voltage (V_an) 180 degree conduction ANSOFT

300.00 m1
Name X Y Curve Info
V_an.V [V]
m1 92.8128 215.5784 V_an.V

100.00 TR
-100.00
-300.0090.00 92.00 94.00 96.00 98.00 100.00
Time [ms]
Line-to-Neutral Voltage (V_bn) 180 degree conduction ANSOFT

300.00 Curve Info
V_bn.V [V]
V_bn.V
100.00 TR
-100.00
-300.0090.00 92.00 94.00 96.00 98.00 100.00
Time [ms]
Line-to-Neutral Voltage (V_cn) 180 degree conduction ANSOFT
300.00 Curve Info
V_cn.V [V]
V_cn.V
TR
100.00
-100.00
-300.0090.00 92.00 94.00 96.00 98.00 100.00
Time [ms]

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Line-to-Line Voltage (V_ab) 180 degree conduction ANSOFT

V_ab.V
V_ab.V [V]
m1 92.6168 323.3677
250.00 TR
0.00
-250.00
-500.0090.00 92.00 94.00 96.00 98.00 100.00
Time [ms]
Line-to-Line Voltage (V_ac) 180 degree conduction ANSOFT
500.00 Curve Info
V_ac.V [V]
V_ac.V
250.00 TR
0.00
-250.00
-500.0090.00 92.00 94.00 96.00 98.00 100.00
Time [ms]
Line-to-Line Voltage (V_bc) 180 degree conduction ANSOFT
500.00 Curve Info
V_bc.V [V]
V_bc.V
250.00 TR
0.00
-250.00
-500.0090.00 92.00 94.00 96.00 98.00 100.00
Time [ms]

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Phase Currents 180 degree conduction ANSOFT

m1 5.5263 21.5137 Ra.I
TR
m2 13.8917 -21.5161
m1 Rb.I
TR
20.00 TR
Rc.I
10.00
Y1 [A]
0.00
-10.00
-20.00 m2
-30.00
0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00
Time [ms]
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9.3 Comparison of Six Step Inverters
Characteristics 120o conduction 180o conduction
Peak value and profile of 161V, Four-step 215V, Six-step

phase voltages (V)
Peak value and profile of 323V, Six-step 323V, Four-step
line voltages (V)
Dead-time for gate signals No Yes
Peak value and profile of 16.1A, “Trapezoidal” 21.5A, “Sinusoidal”

phase currents on RL load
Possible applications BLDC machine drives PMSM drives

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9.4 Three Phase PWM Inverter

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The Sine PWM modulation method

• Three sinusoidal signals with 120o phase shift are used as control signals
• The PWM signals are generated from the comparison between triangle and control signals:
• when vcontrol > vtri, the upper (hi) switch is “on” and the lower switch on the same leg is
“off”
• when vcontrol < vtri, the upper (hi) switch is “off” and the lower switch on the same leg is
“on”
• The PWM frequency is the same as vtri, and the fundamental frequency is controlled by the
frequency of vcontrol.
• Modulation index: 𝑚 = 𝑉𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑙 𝑉𝑡𝑟𝑖
𝑉
• Output voltage: 𝑉𝑎𝑐 = 𝑚 ∙ 𝑑𝑐
2
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Line-to-Neutral Voltage (V_an) Three Phase PWM Inverter ANSOFT

V_an.V [V]
m1 11.9587 215.5784 V_a...

m2 20.7408 -215.5784
100.00
-100.00 m2
-300.00
0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00
Time [ms]
Line-to-Neutral Voltage (V_bn) Three Phase PWM Inverter ANSOFT
300.00 Curve Info

V_bn.V [V]
V_bn.V
TR
100.00
-100.00
-300.00
0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00
Time [ms]
Line-to-Neutral Voltage (V_cn) Three Phase PWM Inverter ANSOFT
300.00
V_cn.V [V]
Curve Info
V_cn.V
100.00 TR
-100.00
-300.000.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00
Time [ms]

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Line-to-Line Voltage (V_ab) Three Phase PWM Inverter ANSOFT
500.00
V_ab.V [V]
m1 Name X Y Curve Info

m1 11.2187 323.3677 V_ab.V
250.00 m2 19.7208 -323.3677
TR
0.00
-250.00 m2
-500.000.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00

Time [ms]
Line-to-Line Voltage (V_ac) Three Phase PWM Inverter ANSOFT
500.00
V_ac.V [V]
Curve Info
V_ac.V
250.00 TR
0.00
-250.00
-500.000.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00
Time [ms]
Line-to-Line Voltage (V_bc) Three Phase PWM Inverter ANSOFT
500.00
V_bc.V [V]
Curve Info
250.00 TR
V_bc.V
0.00
-250.00
-500.000.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00
Time [ms] 
V



V  3 d  0.867V




LL(max) 2
 
d
 

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Three-Phase Currents Three Phase PWM Inverter ANSOFT

m1 13.0910 16.3714 R_a.I
TR
m2 18.4378 16.3741
R_b.I
m3 24.0814 16.5620
20.00 m1 m2 m3
TR
R_c.I
TR
10.00
Y1 [A]
0.00
-10.00
-20.00
-30.00
0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00
Time [ms]
Phase currents for a three-phase PWM inverter
feeding an RL Load (R=10 ohm, L=5 mH).

IntroPE

IntroPE
9.5 Comparison of Three Phase Full Bridge Inverters

mag(V_an.V) [V]
FFT of Phase Voltage (V_an) 180 degree conduction ANSOFT
300.00 Name Curve

X Info Y
m1 m1 0.0600
mag(V_an.V)
207.1042
m2 TR
200.00 m3
0.3000 39.9089
Tp='16.67ms'
0.4200 30.6310
m4 0.6600 17.4123
100.00 m2 m3
m5 0.7800 17.0260
m4 m5
-0.00
0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00
Spectrum [kHz]
FFT of Phase Current (Phase A) 180 degree conduction
mag(Ra.I) [A]
ANSOFT
30.00 Name X
Curve InfoY
m1 m1 0.0600 20.2195
mag(Ra.I)
20.00 m2
m3
TR
0.3000 2.9611
Tp='16.67ms'
0.4200 1.7320
m4 0.6600 0.7643
10.00 m2
m5 0.7800 0.5423
m3 m4 m5
0.00
0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00
Spectrum [kHz]
THD of Phase Current (Phase A) 180 degree conduction ANSOFT
30.00 Name X
Curve Info Y
m1 19.9854 18.9679
m1
20.00
10.00
0.00
0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00
Time [ms]
THD and FFT analysis for the 6-step inverter example feeding an RL load
IntroPE
9.5 Comparison of Three Phase Full Bridge Inverters

mag(V_an.V) [V] FFT of Line-to-Neutral Voltage (V_an) ANSOFT

m1 0.0600 121.2117
mag(V_an.V)
m1 m2 0.4200 20.7198
m3 0.5200 13.6419
m5
100.00 m4
m5
0.7600
0.8800
27.2185
92.0876
m2 m3 m4
0.00
0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00
Spectrum [kHz]
FFT of Phase Current (Phase A) Three Phase PWM Inverter
mag(R_a.I) [A]
ANSOFT
20.00 m1 Name X Info

Curve Y
m1 0.0600 16.2021
m2 0.4200 0.3085
m3 0.6600 0.2102
10.00
m2 m3
0.00
0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00
Spectrum [kHz]
THD of Phase Current (Phase A) Three Phase PWM Inverter ANSOFT
10.00 Name X Info Y

Curve
m1 42.0849 5.2349
m1
5.00
0.00
0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00
Time [ms]
THD and FFT analysis for the PWM inverter example feeding an RL load
IntroPE
9.6 Three Phase Full Bridge Diode Rectifier

Three-Phase AC Supply Three Phase Diode Rectifier ANSOFT
300.00 Curve Info

E1.V
TR
E2.V
100.00
Y1 [V]
TR
E3.V
TR
-100.00
-300.00
0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00
Time [ms]
Load Voltage Three Phase Diode Rectifier ANSOFT
500.00 Curve Info

R.V
375.00 TR
R.V [V]
250.00
125.00
0.00
0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00
Time [ms]
Input 3-Phase AC Current Three Phase Diode Rectifier ANSOFT

m1 1.7145 32.2269 R1.I
25.00 TR
Y1 [A]
R2.I
TR
0.00 TR
R3.I
-25.00
-50.00
0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00
Time [ms]
Capacitor Current and Load Current Three Phase Diode Rectifier ANSOFT
50.00 Curve Info

C.I
TR
30.00
Y1 [A]
R.I
TR
10.00
-10.00
0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00
Time [ms]

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IntroPE

Introduction to Power Electronics

Introduction to Power Electronics

Marquette University – ANSYS, Inc. Joint Course 1

Marquette University – ANSYS, Inc. Joint Course 2

1. “Switching Power Pole” (or the Ideal PE Switch)

Marquette University – ANSYS, Inc. Joint Course 3

1. Switching Power Pole

Gate Signal ANSOFT

1.00 Curve Info

A switching power realized with an ideal switch

The duty cycle and the ratio of voltages

1. Switching Power Pole

Gate Signal ANSOFT

1.00 Curve Info

The switching power pole realized with a controlled PE switch

Marquette University – ANSYS, Inc. Joint Course 5

2. PWM and Duty Cycle for Gate Signal

Marquette University – ANSYS, Inc. Joint Course 6

3. Power Semiconductor Devices

Source: N. Mohan, “First Course on Power Electronics”, MNPERE, 2009 Edition.

4. Ideal and Detailed Modeling of Switches

Marquette University – ANSYS, Inc. Joint Course 8

4. Ideal and Detailed Modeling of Switches

Data Sheet based

Marquette University – ANSYS, Inc. Joint Course 9

4. Ideal and Detailed Modeling of Switches

Marquette University – ANSYS, Inc. Joint Course 10

Marquette University – ANSYS, Inc. Joint Course 11

5.1 DC-DC Buck Converter

1.00 Curve Info

Marquette University – ANSYS, Inc. Joint Course 12

5.1 DC-DC Buck Converter

1.00 Curve Info

0.00 Curve Info

m1 m1 12.9733 11.1983 TR R.V

0.0010.00 12.00 14.00 16.00 18.00 20.00

Marquette University – ANSYS, Inc. Joint Course 13

5.2 DC-DC Buck Converter with Loss Calculations

Marquette University – ANSYS, Inc. Joint Course 14

5.2 DC-DC Buck Converter with Loss Calculations

150.00 Name X Y Curve Info

m1 3.1618 100.1819 WM_in.P

Instantaneous Output Power ANSOFT

50.00 Name X Y Curve Info

m1 3.4659 31.6130 WM_out.P

Marquette University – ANSYS, Inc. Joint Course 15

5.3 DC-DC Buck-Boost Converters

Marquette University – ANSYS, Inc. Joint Course 16

5.3 DC-DC Buck-Boost Converters

1.00 Curve Info

Example with 0.6 duty cycle.

5.3 DC-DC Buck-Boost Converters

1.00 Curve Info

m1 179.4138 69.9583 R.V

6. Single Phase Full Bridge – AC/DC Converter (Rectifier)

Marquette University – ANSYS, Inc. Joint Course 19

6. Single Phase Full Bridge – AC/DC Converter (Rectifier)