THEMADSCI

ENTI
STS
VECTORS

1. (
a)Thep
osi
tionv
ect
orofap
ointAi
s( andAB=( ,f
indt
hec
oor
dinat
esofB.

-5 -8)
(
b)(
i)Fi
ndt
hec
olumnv
ect
orms
ucht
hat( )-m=(
2 6

(
ii
)Henc
efi
nd|
m|

-1
(
c).
Giv
ent
hatPQ=( ),f
indQPi
ncomp
onentf
orm.
9

Sol
uti
ons

1.
(a)AB=AO+OB

-3 -2
( )=
2 1 ()
=OB

OB=(-23)-(-12)
-1
=( )
1

B(-1,
1)

-5 -8)
(
b)(
i)( )-m=(
2 6
-5
()
( )- -8 =m
2 6
3
m=( )
-4
2 2
(
ii
)|
m|= (
3)+(
-4) = 9+16

= 25

=5

-1
(
c).
PQ=( )
9
1
QP=( )
-9
6 -9 15
2.
Giv
ent
hatu=( ),v=( )andw=(p),f
ind
-8 10
(
a)(
i u|
)|

(
ii
)2u+v

(
b).
Giv
ent
hatv
ect
orwi
spar
all
elt
ovec
toru,c
alc
ulat
ethev
alueofp
.

Sol
uti
on
2 2
2(
a)(
i u|= (
)| 6)+(
-8)

= 36+64

= 100

=10uni
ts

(
ii
)2u+v=2
6
()
-9
+( )
-8 10

=(-1126)+(1-90)
3
= ( )
-6

(
ii
i)u=kwwher
eki
sac
ons
tantt
hen

6 15
( )=k(p)
-8

(-68)=(1k5pk)
6=15k

2
k= ,
5

2
-8=kp
,butk=
5

2
-8= p
5

2p=-40

p=-20

3.
Int
hed
iagr
am,OA=2p
,OB=3qandBX=p-q.Thel
inesOXandABi
nter
sec
tsatL.
(
i) Exp
res
sass
imp
lyasp
oss
ibl
eint
ermsofpand/orq

(
a)OX

(
b)AB

(
ii
) Gi
vent
hatAL=hAB,exp
res
sALi
nter
msofp
,qandh.

(
ii
i) Henc
es hatOL=(
howt 2-2h)
p+3hp

Sol
uti
on

3.(
i)(
a)OX=OB+BX

=3q+p-q

=3q-q+p

=2q+p

(
b)AB=AO+OB

=-2p+3q

=3q-2p

(
ii
).
AL=hAB

AL=h( )
3q-2p

=3hq-2h

(
ii
i)OL=OA+AL
 =2p+3hq-2hp

=2p-2hp+3hq

=(
-2h)
p+3hq

4.I
nthed
iagr
am,OA=2b
,OC=3aandAB=2a.Thel
inesOBandACi
nter
sec
tsatX.
.

(
i) Exp
res
sass
imp
lyasp
oss
ibl
eint
ermsofaand/orb
.

(
a)OB

(
b)BC

(
ii
) Gi
vent
hatCX=hCA,exp
res
sCXi
nter
msofa,bandh.

(
ii
i) Henc
es hatOX=(
howt 3-3h)
a+2hb

Sol
uti
ons

4(
i)(
a)OB=OA+AB

=2b+2a

(
b)BC=BO+OC

=-( )+3a
2a+2b

=-2a-2b+3a

=3a-2a-2b

=a-2b

(
ii
)CX=hCAb
utCA=CO+OA

=2b-3a
 CX=h(
2b-3a)

=2hb-3ha

(
ii
i)OX=OC+CX

=3a+2hb-3ha

=3a-3ha+2hb

=(
3-h)
a+2hb
shown.

PRACTI
CEQUESTI
ONS

(
1)

OABCi
sap
aral
lel
ogr
am.

Thep
ointXonACissuc
hthatAX
1
= AC. ThepointYonABissuc
h
5
1
t
hatAY= AB.Gi
vent
hatOA=20pandOC=20q,exp
res
sint
ermsofpandq
4

(
i) AC, (
ii
)AX, (i
ii
)OX, (
iv) OY.

Whatd
other
esul
tsof (
ii
i)and(
iv)t
ellyouab
outO,XandY?

(
2) I
nthed
iagr
amXVZi
sas
trai
ghtl
ine,
XY=8p,XZ=4p+9qandYV=-6p+
c
q.
 (
i) Exp
res
sXVi
nter
msofp
,qandc
.

(
ii
)Gi
vent
hatXV=hXZ,f
ormanequat
ioni
nvol
vingp
,q,handc
.

(
ii
i) Thep
ointKi
sout
sid
etr
iangl
eXYZandi
ssuc
hthat

XK=-4p+3q.

I
sXKp
aral
lelt
oYV?Jus
tif
yyourans
wer
.

(3)Inthetri
angl
eORS,thepoi
ntAonOR issucht
hatOA=2AR.Bi
sthemid
poi
ntof
OS,Xisthemid
poi
ntofABandOXprod
ucedmeetsRSatY.
OA=2pandOB=2q.

(
a)Exp
res
sint
ermsofpand
/orq

(
i) AB, (
ii
) AX, (
ii
i) OX, (
ii
i) RS

(
b)Gi
vent
hatRY=kRS, Exp
res
sRYi
nter
msofp
,qandh.
 (
c)Henc
eshowt
hatOY=3(
1-h)
p+4hq.

(
d)Gi
venal
sot
hatOY=kOX,Exp
res
sOYi
nter
msofp
,qandk.

(
e)Us
ingt
hes
etwoexp
res
sionsf
orOY,f
indt
hev
alueofhandt
hev
alueofk.

(
f)Fi
ndt
her
ati
oRY:YS.

(
g)Exp
res
sXYi
nter
msofp
andq.

( ( ) ( ) ( ) ()
4) p=
5
-2
, q=
-3
1
,r=
x
7
and
4
s= .
y

(
a)Fi
nd(
i) 2p+3q,

(
ii
) p
-q.

(b
) Gi
vent
hat2p=r+sc
alc
ulat
ethev
alueofxandt
hev
alueofy.

(
5) OA= ()
-2
1
3
andOB= .
4 ()
(
a) Gi
vent
hatOC=OA+OB,exp
res
socasac
olumnv
ect
or.

(
b) Exp
res
sABasac
olumnv
ect
or.

(
c) I ()
fLM=
4
-2
,whati
sthes
pec
ialnamegi
vent
othequad
ril
ater
alALMO?

( ( ) ( ) ()
6) p=
1
-4
, q=
-3
4
m
andr= .
2

(
a) Fi
nd q.

(
b) Exp
res
s 2p
–qasac
olumnv
ect
or.
 (c
) Gi
vent
hatpi
spar
all
elt
or,f
indm.

ANSWERS:

(
1)(
i) 20(
q–p
), (
ii
) 4(q–p
) (
ii
i) 4(
4p+q) (
iv) 5(
4p+q)

Thep
oint
sO,
XandYl
ieont
hes
amel
ine.

1 1
(
2)(
i) 2p+c
q, (
ii
) h= , c
=4 ,
2 2

3
(
ii
) YV= (-4P+3q), XKi
spar
all
elt
oYV.
2

(
3)(
a)(
i) 2p-2q, (
ii
) q–p, (
ii
i)p
+q, (
iv) 4q–3p .

3 5
(b
) h(
4q–3p), (
d) k(p
+q), (
e) h= , k=1 .
7 7

5
(
f) 3:4 , (
g) (
P+q)
7

(
4) (
a)(
i) () 1
-1
, (
ii
)() 8
-3
, (
b) x=6, y=-11.

(
5)(
a)OC= ()
1
5
, (b
5
) AB= ,
3 () (
c) Tr
apezi
um.

(
6) (
a)5, (
b) ()
5
-12
, (
c)
1
- .
2

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iledb
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