HEAD AND NECK

DEEP CERVICAL FASCIA

A. TRANSVERSE SECTION B. SAGITTAL SECTION
TRIANGLES OF NECK –BOUNDARIES
TRIANGLES OF NECK -ROOF
 TRIANGLES OF NECK –CONTENTS
Carotid triangle
Internal jugular vein
Vagus nerve
Internal carotid artery
External carotid artery Digastric triangle
Facial artery
Lingual artery
Occipital triangle Superior thyroid
Occipital artery Carotid sinus
Carotid body
Posterior triangle

Anterior triangle
Lesser occipital nerve Common carotid artery
Great auricular nerve Submandibular gland
Submandibular
lymph node
Accessory nerve Submental triangle

Myelohyoid

Supraclavicular
(medial,intermedius and lateral )
nerve

Muscular triangle
Supraclavicular triangle

Brachial plexus

Subclavian artery

Subclavian vein
 TRIANGLES OF NECK –FLOOR
Carotid triangle
Middle constrictor
Inferior constrictor
Digastric triangle
Hyoglossus
Hyoglossus
Occipital triangle Thyrohyoid
Myelohyoid
Semispinalis capitis

Anterior triangle
Posterior triangle

Splenius capitis

Levator scapulae

Scalenus posterior
Scalenus medius Submental triangle
Scalenus anterior
Myelohyoid

Muscular triangle
Supraclavicular triangle

Scalenus posterior

Scalenus medius

Scalenus anterior
 SUBOCCIPITAL TRIANGLE
A. BOUNDARIES B. ROOF

C.CONTENTS D. FLOOR
 THYROID GLAND
A. PARTS AND COVERINGS B. RELATIONS

C. BLOOD SUPPLY D. APPLIED

a.Arterial supply b.Venous drainage

 SUBMANDIBULAR GLAND
A. PARTS B. RELATIONS

Deep parts
Submandibular
Myelohyoid
gland
muscle
Superficial parts

C. DUCT SYSTEM D. NERVE SUPPLY

Tongue

Floor of mouth

Sublingual
gland

Submandibular
duct

Deep parts
Submandibular
Superficial parts gland
 SCALP
A. LAYERS B. BLOOD SUPPLY AND LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE

Preauricular nodes

Postauricular nodes

Occipital nodes

C. NERVE SUPPLY D. APPLIED

Sensory supply Motor supply

Temporal branch
of facial nerve

Posterior auricular
branch of facial
nerve
 DURAL FOLDS & SINUSES
A. DURAL FOLDS B. DURAL SINUSES

Falx cerebri

Tentorium cerebelli

Falx cerebellai
Foramen magnum

C. CAVERNOUS SINUS
a. Tributaries b. Relations
 PITUITARY GLAND
A. PARTS B. RELATIONS

Diaphragm sallies

C. BLOOD SUPPLY (PITUITARY PORTAL SYSTEM) D. HPOTHALAMO -HYPOPHYSEAL TRACT

 ORBIT & CONTENTS
A. SUPERIOR ORBITAL FISSURE B. EXTRA OCULAR MUSCLE - ATTACHMENT

Upper
lateral
Part

Middle
Part

Lower
medial
part

C. EXTRA OCULAR MUSCLES – ACTION D. LACRIMAL APPARATUS

Elevation
Abduction

Adduction

Extortion

Intortion

Depression
 FACE
A. MUSCLES AND MOTOR NERVE SUPPLY B. APPLIED FOR MOTOR INNERVATIONS OF FACE C.SENSORY NERVE SUPPLY
Bell’s palsy

D. BLOOD SUPPLY E. APPLIED

a.Arterial supply b.Venous drainage Dangerous area of face

 PAROTID GLAND
A. PARTS B. RELATIONS

Base
Parotid duct

Apex

C. PAROTID DUCT D. NERVE SUPPLY

 INFRATEMPORAL FOSSA
A. BOUNDARIES B. MUSCLE CONTENTS

C. VESSELS CONTENTS D. NERVE CONTENTS

 TEMPORO-MANDIBULAR JOINT
A. ARTICULAR END B. LIGAMENTS

Stylomandibular ligament

Stylohyoid ligament

C. RELATIONS D. MOVEMENTS E. APPLIED

Dislocation

Elevation & Retraction

Protraction & Depression

Protraction and Elevation

Temporalis

Protraction and Elevation

 NOSE
A. MEDIAL WALL (SEPTUM ) B. LATERAL WALL
Formation Formation

C. BLOOD SUPPLY - LITTLE’S AREA D. TURBINATE AND MEATUS

 LARYNX
A. CARTILAGE B. INTERNAL FEATURES

C. MUSCLES D. BLOOD AND NERVE SUPPLY

Superior laryngeal artery

Inferior laryngeal artery

 TONGUE
A. PARTS B. MUSCLES

C. BLOOD SUPPLY AND LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE D. NERVE SUPPLY

Root
Juguloomohyoid
lymphnode

Body (medial half)

Opposite side
Submandibular
lymphnode

Body (lateral half )

same side submandibular
lymphnode

Tip
Submental
lymphnode
 TONSIL
A. PARTS B.RELATIONS

C.RELATIONS D.BLOOD SUPPLY

 PHARYNX
A. SUBDIVISIONS B. WALDEYER’S RING

C. MUSCLES D. STRUCTURES PASSING BETWEEN THE CONSTRICTORS

 EAR
A. SUBDIVISIONS B. MIDDLE EAR

C. INNER EAR D. TYMPANIC MEMBRANE E. MIDDLE EAR OSSICLES

(LATERAL WALL OF MIDDLE EAR )

Bony labyrinth
Organ of corti

Membranous labyrinth
 CRANIAL NERVE
A. 3RD ,4TH AND 6TH NERVE B. 5TH NERVE
 3rd ,4th and 6th cranial nerve

Motor Pia 3rd Sub Arachnoid Subdural Meningeal Cavernous Endosteal Extra Superior Superior Inferior
nucleus matter cranial arachnoid matter space layer of sinus layer of dural orbital division division
nerve space dura dura space fissure (LPS ,SR ) (MR,IO,IR)
matter matter

Superior
oblique

4th Lateral
Motor cranial rectus
nucleus nerve
Of 4th nerve

6th
Motor cranial
nucleus nerve
Of 6th
nerve
 Trigeminal nerve

Ophthalmic
divisions

5th Trigeminal Meckels Superior Frontal nerve

cranial ganglion cave orbital Nasociliary nerve
nerve fissure
Mesencephalic Lacrimal nerve
nucleus
Maxillary division

Sensory Chief Foramen rotundum

sensory
nucleus
nucleus Infraorbital nerve

Spinal Superior alveolar

nucleus nerve

Anterior divisions
Motor of mandibular
nucleus nerve

Posterior divisions
Mandibular division Foramen Auriculo Inferior of mandibular
ovale temporal alveolar Nerve to nerve
nerve nerve myelohyoid
Lingual nerve
 7th cranial nerve
Nucleus Internal 7th Pia Sub Arachnoid Subdural Meningeal Endosteal Extra
1.Motor (brachiomotor for facial muscles ) genu cranial matter arachnoid matter space layer of layer of dural
2.Lacrimatory nucleus (secretomotor for forming nerve space dura matter dura space
lacrimal gland ) facial matter
3.Superior salivatory nucleus (secretomotor colliculus
for submandibular & sublingual gland )
4.Nucleus of tractus solitarius (special
sensory for taste )
5.General sensory nucleus
Greater petrosal nerve
Nerve to stapedius
Chorda tympani nerve

Internal acoustic meatus

Vestibule
Upper buccal branch
External genu
Middle ear
Lower buccal branch
Facial canal

Stylomastoid foramen

Posterior auricular nerve

Nerve to stylohyoid
Parotid gland
Cervicofacial
branch
 CRANIAL NERVE
A. 7TH NERVE B. 9TH,10TH ,11TH AND 12TH NERVE
 9th ,10th ,11th and 12th cranial nerve
Jugular Carotid
foramen sheath 9th
Meninges
cranial
Nucleus of 9th ,10th nerve Tympanic
and 11th nerve nerve Branch to
Sinus Branch to stylopharyngeus Branch to
nerve pharynx palate
Tonsilar
branch
Lingual
branch

Branch to Tongue
muscles

11th cranial 10th 12th cranial nerve

nerve cranial
nerve
Superior
laryngeal
Sternomastoid nerve

Trapezius Recurrent
laryngeal
nerve

Cardiac plexus To heart

Pulmonary plexus to lung
To G I T and abdominal organ